=e MySQL Functions and Querying using SQL In this Chapter.. «# Types of SQL Functions + Mathematical Functions “MySQL fumetion performs a pre-defined task and returns a single value such as a numerical, string or date/time value Functions operate on zero, one, two or more values provided to them, these values are called parameters or arguments ‘MySQL support number of built-in functions. To use any function, we need to specify the column to which the function should be applied eg, SELECT function(colum_nane) ROW table_rane: To specify multiple columns, you ean write as fllows: eg. SELECT *, function(cotunn_nane FROW tabTe_rane: for SELECT coluan_pamel, functicncolum_pane2) FROM table rane: 7 Types of SQL Functions SQL provides two types of functions, which are as fallows (i) Single-row Funetions This type of funetion work with asingle-row at atime, totus a result for each row ofthe table, on which the query is performed. Examples of single-row functions inchide CHAR(,CONCAT), INSTR), et. (i) Multiple-row Funetions This type of function work with data of multiple-rows ata time and return a single output value. Examples of multiple-row functions include SUMO, AVG), COUNT), ete « String/Text Functions + Date/Time Functions Mathematical Functions MySQL provides a number of fimetions used for performing, mathematical calculations on database. Mathematical functions are very important in SQL to implement different mathematical concepts in queries: Some mathematical finetions are explained with examples as follows: POWER(/POW() eturns the value of a number raised to the number. This funtion power of anol ‘Syntax POKER(H.N) or POW(M.W where, Mis the base xl N isan exponent, eg. mysql> SELECT POWER(2,2) The above query produces the following output: raysql> St The above query produces the fallowing output ELECT POWER( 30.0.2) ‘The above query produces the following output |/CBSE_TG)ROUND() “his function rounds up the number tothe upwards ot downwards to the nearest whole number, Syntax AONDCH.NY or ROUNOCHD where, M i the number to be rounded off nd N i the dhumber of places to which the number should be rounded Off IN isnot specified, then itis assumed zero (0) eg mysql> SELECT ROUNOCA 65,1) “The above query produces the following output mysql> SELECT ROUND (5.43) ‘The above quety produces the following output mysql> SELECT ROUND (5.43) ‘The above query produces the following output: mysql> SELECT ROWND (1.645,0) ‘The ubove query produces the following output ¥ pauwo(1 648.0 mysql> SELECT ROWND (3.45.-1) ‘The above query produces the following output: | Rounoea.45, —2) MopQ, ‘This fuetion retums the remainder ofa number dividing by another number. Syntax WOD(Dividerd, Divisor) eg mysql> SELECT H00(11, 4 ‘The above query produces the fllowing output | voor? CBSE Term | Informatics Practices Xil saysq]> SFLECT MOD(— 25.7) ‘The above query produces the following output rnysql> SELECT MOD(25.4.7) ‘The above query produces the following output: String/Text Funct ‘The string/text functions of SQL are used to extrac, change, format or alter character strings. They avcept a character string as an input anxl provides character sting or numeric values as an output, Some stringftext functions are explained with example as follows UPPER(/UCASE() ‘This fanetion converts the characters of a string into the uppercase characters. Syntax UPPER(str/column_nane) for UCASE(str/colun_nane) eg mysql SELECT UPPER( ‘nystring') The above query produces the following output UPPERC aystring® avsTRns Table : Ite joode Desep ou Sold 101 Stationary ‘700 20 102 Food 1200 40 103 Sports 000 500 104 Food 00 120 105 700 740 6.8, Write a query to display the item deseription "uppercase letter fom table Item nysql> SELECT UPPER(Desco) FROM Tten: Te above query produces the following output: F uepencoescp) | STATIONARY‘CBSE Term II| Informatics Practices XII ‘The ubove query produces the following output {ease coesep) | ‘SraTionaay ooo 2087S Foun) S?o8rs LOWER(/LCASE() ‘This function converts the charactors of an argument string, to the lowercase characters. The return value has the same data type as the argument. Symtax LOWER(Str/colum_nane) or LCASE(str/cotunn _nane) eg. nysel> SELECT LOWER( MYSQL") ‘The above query produces the following output eg. Write a query to display the item deseription In lowercase letter from table Item. mysql> SELECT LOwER(Descp) FROM Item: ‘The above query produces the following output: Lowenco ‘Stationary food) Sports fod Esports or mysql> SELECT LCASE(Desep) FROM Item: ‘The above query produces the following output: { UCASE(oesep) | ‘Stationary food ports | toca i SUBSTRING(/SUBSTR(/MID(), “This funtion etums the substring specified number of characters) from a particular position of a ven string. Syntax SuBSTR(str eo unr_pare, pos, len) or SUBSTRINS(Str/column_pane. pos. er) or “MD(str/eolum_pane, 0s, en) where, srs string fom which a substring f returned, pos isan integer indicating the string position and Tenis an integer indicating the length ofthe substring. eg. aysql> SELECT SUBSIR (CEASYCALCULATION’ ,11) ‘The above query produces the following output: F susstac exsvcatcutarion®,$,20) | ALCULATION nysql> SELECT SUBSTR (EASVCALCULATION' 7) ‘The above query produces the following output Waite the output of the following command, mysql> SELECT SUBSTR(Descp,3.4) FROM Item WHERE (ovie700: The above query produces the following output Write the output of the following command. mysql> SELECT MID(" Informatics Practices’ 2,8) ‘The above query will produce the following outputs Wirt the output ofthe following command. mysql> SELECT UPPER(MID(Descp.2.8)) FROM Tten WHERE Icode=101 ‘The above query will produce the following output: Jurrencniocdesep,2.60)1 TaTTONaR LENGTH( This function returns the length ofthe string in bytes, It Includes the count of bank spaces in the string Syntax LENGTH (string/colum_nene) eg, mysql> SELECT LENGTH( ‘easycalcul: Above query produces the following output Write a query to display the item code and length of each, item's descriptionsysql> SFLECT Tcode. LENGTH(Descp) FROM Ttem: Above query produces the following output: LENeriiesep) LEFTO, This function etums a speciied numberof characters from the left of the string, This function returns NULL, any argument is NULL Syntax LEFT(string, Tength) eg. ysql> SELECT LEFT( India’ .3) Above query produces the following output: EmpNo ‘EmpAdd EmpSal EOL Jalpur -45000.00 02 ent 0000.00 E03 Jabalpur 6000.00 E04 Delhi ‘0000.00 cog. Write a query to view first three characters of employee's name from the table Empdetai. sysql> SFLECT LEFT(EnpNane,3) FROM EmpdetaiT Above query produces the follow LEFTCEnptane,3) 1goutput ia RIGHT) Working of this function i just reverse of LEFT function. It relumsw specified numberof characters from the right ofthe String, This fnction returns NULL, fany argument i NULL Syntax 81657 strong. Jongh) cog. sysql> SELECT RIGHT Inda’.29 Above query produces the following output CBSE Term I! | Informatics Practices Xil RUGATC India" 3) eg, Write a query to view last three characters of emplayee’s address from the table Empdetail. nysq]> SELECT RIGHT (Emptdd,3) FROM Enpdetail Above query produces the folowing output: INSTRO, ‘This fanetion takes a string and a substring of it as arguments and returns an integer which indicates the position of the first occurrence of the substring within the string, Syntax INSTR(or_str/colunn_nane, sub_str) where, ori_stris the string to be searched and sub, st is the string to be searched from ori_st. ce, mysql> SELECT INSTR("firstexan',‘e") Above query produces the following output: INSTRCTirstexan’"e") ost nysql> SELECT EmpName, INSTR(EmpNane, °4") FROM Empdetait WHERE EnmpSal BETWEEN $0000 AND 60000) Above query produces the following output: nae inal vi pane, "172 TRIM This fimetion i sed to return string ater removing all prefix or ufc spaces Bom the given sing ‘Syntax TRIM([{BOTH|LEADING| TRAILING} Cremstr] FROM] serves lum. ano) Here, BOTH indicates the prefixes and suffices from both Jeft and right are to be removed. LEADING indicates only the leading prefixes are to be TRAILING indicates only the tiling suffixes aro tobe removed‘CBSE Term II| Informatics Practices XII remstr is the string to be removed. Its optional, ifuot specified and spaces are removed. FROM itis keyword str isa string from where remstr isto be removed, eg. Case I Ifno specifier is given, BOTH is assumed and the strings trimmed from both end. rnysql> SELECT TRIM(® India Above query produces the following output: Paine Inge | dia Case 2 Ifleading specifier is given, then the prefix partis trimmed mysql> SELECT TRIM(LEADING * | FROM IHF tIndial 11") Above query produces the following output: Fram Tawiceapine “1° Heningiat 11) Indiat tt Case 3 IF trailing specifier is given, then the suffix part fs trimmed, mysql> SELECT TRIM (TRAILING *! Titindia? 1!" Above query produces the following output: FROM FRON" 111 1Ongiatlii") | | TRIMGRAT ane iiitnaia LTRIM) ‘This function removes the leading spaces fom the characters of wating passed as an argument. Spaces inthe middle or trang spaces are not rennoved. Syntax (TRIM(str/colunn_rone) eg.mysql> SELECT LIRIN'TE 16 a string Ahove query produces the following output Pia Oa argurent) is 9 string argument? | Te is a string argunent RTRIM() ‘This function removes the trlling space from the characters ofa string passed as an argument. Spaces in the middle or leading spaces are not removed, Symtax RTRIM(Str/colum_nare) eg. mysql> SELECT RTRIMC'TE is a string Above query produces the following output: argurent) Rain Cit 1s 2 string argument Te 1s. a string argunent Date/Time Functions MySQL stores date in datetime format, representing the century, month, year, day and hours. The date and tne functions are used to perform operations on the date data stored in the database. The default date format is YAY-MM-DD in MySQL. Some date/time functions are explained with examples as follows DATE), ‘This function returns only DATE part from the given dlateytime argument. Syntax Date( SELECT OATE(*2021-09-30 20:29:18") Above query produces the following output: DATEC “2021-09-30 20:29:13"? 21-09-30 MONTH) ‘This fanetion returns the MONTH pat from the date argument within a range of Ito 12 (January to December) and it returns 0 if MONTH part ofthe date contains NULL. Syntax MONTH(date/colum_nane) ce. mysql> SELECT MONTH 2021-09-30") Above query produces the following output: wowTic 2021-09-20") Coach, id Couchname Age Sports Dateofapp Fay Sex 1 KUKRAA 35 KARATE 1996.03.27 1000.00 _M 2 RAVINA S41 KANATE 1998-01-20 130000 F 3__KARAN 84 SQUASH 198808-19 200000 M7 Waite a query to display the month of all applicants whose age is 35, nysql> SELECT MONTH(Oateafapp) FROM Club WHERE A Above query produces the followingMONTHNAME() This function returns the name of the month from a date specified as an argument. Symtax MONTHVAME(date/coTumn_nane) eg. mysql> SELECT MONTANAME(*7071-09-30") Above query produces the following output: MONTH Write a query to display the month of appliation forall couches whose getting more than 1200 as pay. mysql> SELECT MONTANAME (Dateofapp) FROM Club WHERE Pay>=1200; Ahove query produces the following output HONTHNANE( DateoFapp) January February DAY), ‘This function returns the day of the from a date specified as an argument, Syntax DAY date/column_nane) eg. nysal> SELECT DAY( 2021-09-30"): Above query produces the following output mth (from 1 to 31) Write a query to display the day of application forall couches whose getting more than 1200 as pay nysq]> SELECT DAY(DateoTapp) FROM Club WHERE Pay>=1200: Above query produces the follow 1goutput Fpavcpave YEAR() “This fumetion etuens the YEAR part from the given date argument, The return value is nthe range of 1000 to 9999 or O for mul date Syntax YEAR(cate/colum_nane) eg mysql> SELECT YEAR("2021-09-30") CBSE Term | Informatics Practices Xil Above query produces th # yeaac-z021-09-30 following output: 202i White a query to display the year of application for all female coaches. anysql> SELECT YEAR(Dateofapp) FROM Club WHERE Sexe'F Above query produces the folowing output: PVeaniostestenny 1998 DAYNAME() It returns the name of the week day from a date specified as anargument. ‘Syntax DAYNAME(date/colum_nane) eg mysql> SELECT DAME ("2021-09-30") Above query produces the following outputs DAYHAME(" 2021-09-30") Thursday Write a query to display the day name of application for all female coaches. riysql> SELECT DAYNANE(Dateofapp) FROM Club WHERE Sex'F Above query produces the following output: Now() ‘This function returns the current date and time in the format AYW-ABEDD IIL MASS or AYNMDDHINISS Syntax OKO eg. ysql> SELECT NEKO Above query produces the following output:Chapter Practice Objective Questions * Multiple Choice Questions 1 Ans. Ans. Ans. . (} Single-row fun . Which of the following is the correct sy Which type of SQL function work with a single-row ata time? (a) Multipte-row fonctions (b) Single-ow funetons (Both a) and ) 4) None ofthe above jous work with as row at atime. It returas a result fr each row ofthe table, on which the ‘query is performed. . Which function accepts a character string as an input and provides character string or numeric values as an output? (a) Text (9 Time tb) Date (d) Math (a) Text fmetion accept character strings an input and provides character string orn meri vlltes as an tpt of LCASE() funetion? fa) LEASE (b) LCE (col van_nae (©) LEASE(Str/Goum_nane) {@) None ofthe abow (6 This function converts the characters of an argument String to the lowercase characters. The syatax is CASE(str/coTum_pae) or LOWER(str/celutn_name) |. Which of the following function converts the characters of an argument string to the uppercase characters? (a) UCASE() (b) UPPER (©) Both a) and b) {@) None of the above {c) This fumetion converts the characters of string int the uppercase characters. The syntn i JPPER(Str/columr name) or UCASE(str/eo] uin_name) 5. The correct output of nyq]>SELECT TRIMCLEBDING “AY FROM °BAK Iida 868, (a) Inia de hy) India tte (o) dee India (4) &ete India ‘Ans. (b) This inetion is use to return a string ater removing all ix or sufix spaces from the given string In other words, ading and tailing spaces fom a indicates only the leading prefixes pr {his function re sven string 1 ADIN te to be removed 6. The default date format is (@ MM-DD-vYYY (9 DD-AIM-YYY (b)The default format for dates in MySQL is fed as YAVEMM-DD and we have to follow that ) YYY-MM-DD (4) None ofthese Ans. 7. Which of the following function returns an integer that indicates the position of the first occurrence of the sub-string within the string? (a) INSTR) (b) RTRIM() (LENGTH) (a) TRIM) Ans. (a) The syntax ofthe INSTR function is INSTR(ri_str/colunn_nane.sub_str) where, oristris the string to be searched and sub_stei the string tobe searched from o 8. Write the output of the following SQL. command, SELECT ROUND (4789) ova (aso fe) The ROUNDS) funetion ours up the number to the upwards or downwards tothe noarest whole number (oso 8. Which of the following function returns the name of the month from selected date? (a) MONTH (Gato) (b) MONTH_NAME(date) {) MONTHNAME(at (@) NAME_MONTH) (e)mysal> SELECT MONTES 9 Abave query produces the fllawing output Ans. 2-30 AME |/CBSE_TG)10. Which of the following fimetion returns only the day number from month of selected date? (a) DAY Gate) () DAYNO(date) (9 DAY_NUMBER(ate) (@) DATE (te) ‘Ans. (a) nysqi SELECT OAY( 2021.09.30"); Above query produces the fellowing output wy} 11. What will be retuned by the given qu SELECT ROUND(1SS. 669.2) @) 1536 153.66 fo 153.67 (@)1s37 Ans. (e)ROUND) funtion wll round off the decimal places up 102 places 12, What will be retuned by the given query ? SELECT INSTRCINOIA', 01°) we 03 oa 3 ‘Ans. (b) INSTR function returns the starting index of the substring that is passed ay second argument in the Fanetion * Case Based MCQs 13, Shanya Kumar is working with the following table Customers: ‘Table : Customers ENO CNAME, CITES. ce SANYAM. 2 SHRUTI 3 MEHER MUMBAI cs ‘AKSHI (CHENNAL a RITESH INDORE, cs RAHUL, DELI AMER (CHENNAL MINAKSH ANGLO} co ANSHUL MUMBAI She has been given some queries to develop . Help her to achieve the task, Shanya Kumar is working with the following table ‘Customers : (Put the table) She has been given some queries to develop. Help her to achieve the task. () Choose the correct query to display the length of customer's name. CBSE Term | Informatics Practices Xil (a) mysql >SELECT LENGTHCCNAME) FROM (b) mysql >SELECT LEN(CNAME) FROM Customers; (e)mysal>SELECT COUNT(NAME) FROM Customers (@)mysaloSFLECT COUNT(CNEME) FROM Customers: {i) Choose the correct query to display the eity names in lower case letter whose CNO is either C5 or C9. {a) mysql>SELECT UPPERCASECCITIES)FROM Customers WHERE CWO ="C5" OR C10 ="C3 (b) mysql oSFLECT UPPERCCITIES)FROM Customers WHERE cw ="¢8" oR “9 (c)mysal>SELECT UPPER(CITIES)FROM Customers WHERE NO ="C5" OR CHO ='C9 (€)nysaQeSELECT UPPERCCITIES)FREM Customers HERE (HO 1S EITHER “C5" OR “C9 (ii) Choose the correct query to display the length of ustomer's name for those customers whose name end with R or L. (a)mysq]°SELECT LEN(CNAME)FRON Custorers WHERE CNAME LIKE "AR" 08 CUAME LIKE °31 (b)nysqQ>SELECT LENGTACCNIME)FROW Custemers WHERE COUAME LIKE “SR OR CNAME LIKE “BL (e)mysal>SELECT LENSTHCCNAME)FROM Custorers HERE CAME = "AR" OR CHARE = 31 (@)mysql>SELECT LENGTH(CNAME FROM Customers MERE (ONMME. LIKE “2R" OR LIKE “31 (iv) Choose the correct query to display the Customer's name and their respective cities merged together forall the customers whose CNO is ending with 8 (a)nysqleSELECT MERGE(CNAME, CITIES) Customers HHERE NO LIKE “38 (b)mysqI°SELECT CMAME,CITIES FROM Customers WHERE NO LIKE “8 (e)mysqtSELECT CONCAT( CHE WHERE CHO = “8 (@) mys SELECT CONCATCCNAME WHERE CD LIKE 18 (©) Choose the correct query to display the left most 4 letters from the customers who lives in Mumbai oF Banglore. (a)nysq)>SELECT LEFTCCNAMEDFROM Custoners WHERE CITIES ="HUMBAI* OR CITIES BaNSLORE (b)mysqi>SELECT LEFTCENAME,3)FR0M Custoners WHERE CITIES «'MOMGAL’ OR CITIES = BANGLORE tomers CITIES) Customers TES) FROM custoners‘CBSE Term II| Informatics Practices XII (c) mysqi>SELECT LEFTCCNAME,4)FR Custemers WHERE CITIES ~FUMBAI" OR BANGLORE (d)mysq1SELECT LEFT(CNANE.4)FROM Custoners WHERE CITIES <"MUMBAT’ OR CITIES = BANSLORE ‘Ans. (i (a) nysql>SELECT LENGTHCCNANE) FRC Customers (i (o) mysql>SELECT UPPER(CITIES)FROW Custeners HERE CNO ='C5" OR CAD ="CH (o)nysqaSELEC™ LENGTH(CNME)FROM Customers WHERE CNAME LIKE “3R" OR CNAWE LIKE “2.” (i) (o)mysq >SELECT CONCATYCHAME, CITIES) FROM Customers WHERE ONO LIKE “xa (6) (dymysq) >SELECT. LEFTCCNAME, 4) MHERE CITIES ="MMGAI’ 08 CITIES = BANGLORE Subjective Questions * Short Answer Type Questions 1. Which type of MySQL function accepts only numeric values? Give the name of some functions of that type. Mathematical fanetions accept only numeri values and return the value af same type. These fmetons are used to perform mathematical operations on the database dat, Some mathematical fnetions are POW(/POWER), ROUND), ete 2, Which SQL function is used to remove leading and trailing spaces from a character expression X, where X= "LEARNING ###MYSQL#### (# denotes a blank space) and also give the output of x. ‘Ans. TRIM funetion is wed to remove all Ieading and trailing spaces from the given character expression. Symtax TRIN (BOTH|LESDING|TRAILING) Crenstr) FROM] strieolum rane) Ans. eg mysql> SELECT TRIM LEARNING FRIMYSOLRRE) ‘Output LEARNINGHFRMYSOL Spaces between LEARNING’ snd "MYSQL esanot be removed 3. Write the output of following MySQL queries: ) SELECT ROUNDS. 5675.2) (i) SELECT TRUNCATE(S. 2456.29 (i) SELECT DAYOFFONTH(curdate()) (iv) SELECT MIDC*PRE_POAROCLASS 12° 4.6) (68) Heurdate is 05/122017, then output is 5 tt ‘. 4.63 IDC PRE_BOMRDCLASS 12 “pono 4, Mr: Manay, a database administrator in “Global Educational and ‘Training Institute” has ereated following table n " upeoming training schedul ing 1d Name Email_td Tra ity Fee NDOL Me ral@ginal com Cyber New 10000 Rajan Steusty Delhi DMs. urv@yahoocom 1CTin — Gurasram 15000 Unashi Edwation FDOL Ms. ncenaeificom Cyber Faridabad 12000 Neena Seourity ND Mr. NULL IcTin New 15000 vin Eduction Delhi Me navd?ynmaileon Cyber Gurageam NULL Nave Security Predict the output of the following queries: (SELECT SUBSTR(City,2.4) FROM Training WHERE Topic © "Cyber Securtty (Gi) SELECT NAME FROM Training WHERE INSTR (Ena‘l_I. 2° )0 Ans. (i) + + suasre(city.2.4) | occurrence of a string ‘OUR’ in string ‘COURSE’? Explain, ‘Ans. The INSTR function searches for given second string into the fist string and returns the position Syntax INSTR(sir?str2) ce MYSCTPSELECT INSTR( "COURSE ‘The output wil be 2 because the por atin the given sting ‘COURSE’ “OUR” mn of string OUR is6. Predict the output of the flowing queries: (ipmysaloSELECT Powe. 21 (ai) mysqTSELECT DATE 200 Ans. () 01-21 02:01:08") Powra (3.2) 7009-01-21 7. Write the output of the following queries (ipmysaloSELECT POHERG-6,2) (i) nysqToSELECT YEAR(* 2014-02-04") Ans.) - 5 t veak 2014-02-08")! 8, Write the output ofthe following queries: (i)myseloSELECT LENSTAC Name") ) aysqIoSELECT MIO("tnformat ion’, 9.2) 9, Write the output ofthe following query: mysql >SELECT SUBSTR("STUDENT' 3,3); Ans. + a. Fsuasrae'stupen’", 5,3)! 10. Consider the following table structure STUDENT (RollNo, Nate, Class, Stream, Percentage) Give the answer of the following questions on the basis ofthe above table structure (Write a query to display the 3rd to 7th character of name atribute {i) Weite a query to display the name of each student in uppercase letters with their RollNo, whose percentage is greater than 70 CBSE Term | Informatics Practices Xil ‘Ans. (@) nysql>SELECT SUBSTR(Nane,2.5) FROM STUDENT, ) mysql> SELECT UCASE (Name) WHERE Percentage>70: fRoTINo FRO STUDENT 11. What isthe differences between the string function and numerie funetion ? Ans. Differences between steing and numeric funetions are given below: Returns both numeric and sting vals String fnetions cide ASCII), CHAR), LEFT) ete Numeric functions include POW), ROUND (), RUNCATE(), ee 12. Mention the type of the functions given below with their purpose () TRUNCATE() (ii) DAYOFMONTH() (i) LEFT() ‘Ans. (i) TRUNCATE() It is mathematical funetion and retuens| number truncated upto speed numberof digs (i) DAYORMONTH( ) Te is a DateTime function and ns the day of month for the specified date (i) LERT() Te isa string fametion and returns the leftmost numberof characters as speciied 13. Give the output of following commands (@)mysqQSELECT LEFT (Swat 4) (Gi) mysqT>SELECT TRIM (*1111Study is ‘important !!111") (iiymysqloSELECT ROWNDCI234.343.1 where, Il! denotes blank spaces. ‘Ans. (i) ' 14, White the output ofthe following SQL queries: (@SELECT SUBSTR(TRIMC’ INDIA Is Great, 3.6) (a) SeLecr Rovncos4,67152) + ROUND(IS2. 2186.2) (fi) SELECT INSTR('MOBILE PHONE’. *E") (i) SELECT omo-nONTAC 2018-11-22")CBSE Term II| Informatics Practices Xil 15. Witie any four differences between single-row fimetions and multiple-row funetions. —_ [NCERT] Ans. Single-row functions Multiple-row fanetions / Agureatefanetions TRoperates on angle row at Itoperates on multiple Tt returns one result for ultiple ows. Ttan be wed in SELE Ita be used inthe WHERE and ORDER BY clause, SELECT clause only Mathematical, String and Date MAX), MIN) AVGO, finetions are examples of SUMO, COUNT) anal Single-row funetions COUNT(*) are examples cof multiple-row functions 16, Write the name ofthe functions to perform the following operations INCERT] (i) To display the day like “Monday”, “Tuesday”, from the date when India got independence, (i) To display the specified number of characters from a particular position of the given string, (ii) To display the name of the month in which you were born (iv) To display your name in capital letters. ‘Ans. (i) DAYNAMB() (4) MID() or SUBSTR() or SUBSTRING( MONTHNAME( (is) UPPER() or UCASE) * Long Answer Type Questions 17. Write the output produced by the following SQL: commands: (NCERT] (SELECT POHC2.3; (i) ELECT ROUNNCTZ9. 2345, 2), ROUND(3H2, 9234.1) (i) SELECT LERGIHG*Tnformees Practices") iv) SELECT YEAR("1979/11/26") ORTH ("1979/13/26"), DAY("1979/12/26") ONTHMAME ("1979/13/26") (0) SELECT LerT¢"INora” 3) Sclence’.4) (vi) SELECT MIDC~InFormat es SUBSTRCPract ices”.3) Ans. (i) + Iie" 3.4) ws ROUND 123.2345,2) oun. 342.9234,~ NGTH( "Informatics Pract (ie) 7 YEAR(*1979/11/26") ,MONTHC1979/11, 26 Novenber () fone LEFT(INDIA® 3) .RIGHT(*Computer ND ence 18. Consider the following table Club tale ch : 7 5 Taian o7 Ts i Tai Va ve the ans oft llwing gusts on the basis of the above table () Write a query to display the substring of 4 characters of the name of each coach, starting from second character, with their age (Gi) What will be the output of the following query? mnysql°SFLECT LENGTH(COACHNAYE) FROM Cub WHERE E> 30,(Gi) Write a query to display the day for the Date_of_Joining column. (iv) What will be the output ofthe following query? aysql SELECT PAPO. 25-1000 FROM Club CRE: COACHNAME LIKE “RR” () Write a query to display 3 characters from left of coach name. ‘Ans. (i) mysql°SELECT SUBSTR (CORCINWE. 2.4) cub: (AGE FROM FT Leneih cconcimane) w (4) mysqloSELECT DAY (Date _of_doining) lw) pavan,25+2000 (0) SELECT LEFT (COACHIUME,2) FROM Club; 19. Write SQL commands for (i) to (ii) and write the ‘output for (iv) on the basis of table Graduate. Table + Graduate No Subject Average Div 1 Physics 6 1 2 Computers 68 1 3 Chemisty 62 2 4 Physics 6 1 5 Mathematics 70 1 6 400 Chemistry 55 2 7 250 Physics 64 1 5 450 Mathematics 65 1 ° 500 Computes 62 1 300 Mathematics 57 2 List the names ofthose students who obtained Div 1 (ii) Display a report, listing Name , Stipend , Subject and amount of stipend received in a year assuming that the Stipend is paid every month, (ii) To insert a new row in the Graduate table 11,"KAJOU,300, “COMPUTERS” 75,1 (iv) Give the output ofthe following SQL statement based on table Graduate: (a) SELECT LEFT(NAME..3) FROM Graduate WHERE SNO>? CBSE Term I!| Informatics Practices Xil (D)SELECT Name, Stipend FROM Graduate WHERE Subject="Chemistry" OR Subject="Physics" (©) SELECT * FROM Graduate WHERE Subject LIKE "C8 MND ausragené8; (4) SELECT Name FROM Graduate WHERE 01V2 ‘Ans. (jj SELECT Nane FROM Graduate WERE Div ) SELECT Nane. Stipend, Subject, Stipend *12 FROM Graauate; (ii) INSERT THTD Graduate VALUES (12, "Kajol", 300, ‘Computers', 75.1) Goa) + PLeerowawe 3) | ab Men @) perp t Name | Stipend Karan | a0 Divya Jomn | 400 tengo NO;Nane {Stipend Subject 2 iDivakar! 450 {Computers 20. Write SQL commands for (i) to(¥) and write the output for (vi) on the basis of table Furniture, Table: Furniture Ne Type Dateoistock Price Discount 1 Double Bed 250202 3000025, 2 Baby Cot 200102 7000-20 3 Baby Got 1990202 850020 4 Office Table 01/012 2500030 5 Double Bed 12/01/02 2500025 6 Baby Cot_—240202 650015 7 Royal finish Offi Table 2010202 1800030 8 Royal tiger Sofa 2x22 $1000 30 8 Beono sitting Sofa 13201950025 10 Eating Dining Table 190202 1150025 parade TI WoodComfort Double Bed 2905/08 2500025 BOF si 2on2i08 1700020 13 Micky Buby Got 240203750015CBSE Term II| Informatics Practices Xil () ‘To show all information about the baby cots from the Furniture table, (ii) To list the itemname which are priced at more than 15000 from the Furniture table (i) To list itemname and type of those items, in which date of stock is before 22/01/02 from the Furniture table in the descending order of itemname. (iv) To display itemname and dataofstock of thse items, whose type is ” Sofa” from Furniture table. {¥) To insert a new row in the Furniture table with the following, data 14;"Velvet touch”, 25000,30 (Gi) Give the output ofthe following SQL statement based on table Furniture, (@) SELECT LEFT(Itemane,3) FRY Furniture MHERE Type="Double Bed" (b) SELECT MoNTINANE (DateoFstock) FROM Furnit WHERE Lype="Sofa (©) SELECT * FROM Furniture WHERE Itemame Li vb Double Bed”,{25/03/03}, (€)SELECT PricesDiscount FROM Furniture WHERE Dateofstock=31/12/02; ‘Ans. (@ SELECT * FROM Furniture WHERE Type= “Baby Cot’ (i SELECT —Ttemame FROM Furniture WHERE Price>i5000) SELECT Itemane, Type FROM Furniture WHERE Dateofstock < 22/01/02" ORDER BY Ttennane Dese: (i) SELECT. Itemmane . Dateofstock FROM Furniture HERE Type= ‘Sofa’ 6) INSERT INTO Furniture VALUES (14 Velvet touch Double Bed 25/03/03", 25000, 30) i) east te anes ait showing details of produets being sold in a grocery shop. ‘Table : Product POade ‘UPrice POL Washing Powder 120 P02 Tooth Paste 4 P03 Soap 2 POL Tooth Paste 85 Pepsode POS Soap 35 Dove P06 Shampoo 35 Dove Write SQL queries for the following and outputs) produced by executing the following queries on the basis of the inforn Product (i) Create the table Procluct with appropriate data types and constraints (ii) Identify the primary ke (ii) List the product eode, product name and price in «with their product name forall Dove manufacture, (iv) Inerease the price by 12 per cent for all the products manufactured by Dove ‘Ans. (i) CREATE TABLE Product( Lode char(3) PRIMARY KEY Name varchar(25) MOT NUL UPrice intc4) Manufacture varchar(30)) (i) PCode (ii) SELECT PCode. Phane Nanufacture="Dove (iv) UPDATE Product SET UPrice “UPricetD.124Price WHERE: aruacture="Dove" jon given above in the table in table Prod UPrice FROM Product WHERE 22, Given the following table Employee Table : Employee No. Name Age Department Dateofrd Salary 1 Pankaj 54 10017 120M. 2 Shalini 41 24038 2000 3 Sanjay 32 zee 3500 M. 4 Sudha 25 ono7s 470 5 Rakesh 82 050997 2500 M 6 Shakeel 40 27/0695 3000 M Suya 250297 210M S_Shikha 83. Seience SuOTAT 2600