VIGNAN’S NIRULA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND

SCIENCE FOR WOMEN

PEDAPALAKALURU,GUNTUR -522005

A Project Report

On
IOT BASED FIRE ALERTING DEPARTMENT SYSTEM
submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirments
for
The award of the degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING.
BY
Members of Batch :-
G.Renuka 20NN1A0421
J.Sushma 20NN1A0428
K.Divya Naganjali 20NN1A0436
S.Jahnavi 20NN1A0450

Under the Esteemeed Guidance of

E.Bhanu Prasad
ASSOCIATIVE PROFESSOR,DEPT.OF ECE

1
 VIGNAN’S NIRULA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND
SCIENCE FOR WOMEN
PEDAPALAKALURU, GUNTUR-522005
(Approved by AICTE, NEW DELHI and Affiliated to JNTUK,KAKINADA)

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this project report entitled“FIRE

ELERTINGSYSTEM” a Bonafide record of a work carried out by
K.DivyaNaganjali, G.Renuka, J.Sushma, S.Jahnavi under the
guidance and supervision in practical fulfillment of the academic
requirement in Bachelor of Technology in ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING of VIGNAN’S NIRULA
INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY &SCIENCE FOR WOMEN during the
academic year 2022-2023.

[Project Guide] [Head of the department]

E.Bhanu Prasad Dr.G.Sandhya,M.Tech,ph.D.

Associate Professor Associate Professsor

2
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The completion of any project depends upon cooperation,

coordination and combined efforts of several sources of
knowledge. This report acknowledgements a number guidance,
supervision, stimulation and a lot of inspiration from numerous
people. Our grateful regards to our beloved Principle, Dr.
P. Radhika for her constant support and motivation.

We are thankful to Dr. G.Sandhya, Head of the

Department of ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING, for her extended and continuous support,
valuable guidance and timely advices in the completion of this
project thesis.

It is our privilege to express our sincerest regards to our

project guide, E.Bhanu Prasad, Associate Professor, for his
valuable inputs, best guidance, encouragement, whole-hearted
cooperation and constructive support throughout the duration of
our project.

We take the opportunity to thank all our lectures who have

directly or indirectly helped our project. We pay our respects and
love to our parents and all other family members and friends for
their love and encouragement throughout our career.Last but not
the least we express our thanks to our friends for their cooperation
and support.

At last, we end up by thanking all who helped us in

finalizingthe project within the limited time frame.

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 VIGNAN’S NIRULA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE FOR
WOMEN. PEDAPALAKALURU, GUNTUR -522005
(Approved by AICTE, NEW DELHI and Affiliated to JNTUK, KAKINADA)

Official Certification

Member 1:

This is to certify that GADDAM.RENUKA Reg.No: 20NN1A0421 has

completed her internship program from PURPLE TECHNO SOLUTIONS On
INTERNET OF THINGS under my supervision as a part of partial fulfillment of
the requirement for the Degree of B-Tech in the department of Electronics and
communication Engineering from Vignan’sNirula Institute of Technology and
Science for women.

Faculty Guide Head of the Department

4
 VIGNAN’S NIRULA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE FOR
WOMEN. PEDAPALAKALURU, GUNTUR -522005
(Approved by AICTE, NEW DELHI and Affiliated to JNTUK, KAKINADA)

Official Certification

Member 2:

This is to certify that JASTHI SUSHMA Reg.No: 20NN1A0428 has completed

her internship program from PURPLE TECHNO SOLUTIONS On INTERNET
OF THINGS under my supervision as a part of partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the Degree of B-Tech in the department of Electronics and
communication Engineering from Vignan’sNirula Institute of Technology and
Science for women.

Faculty Guide Head of the Department

5
 VIGNAN’S NIRULA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE FOR
WOMEN. PEDAPALAKALURU, GUNTUR -522005
(Approved by AICTE, NEW DELHI and Affiliated to JNTUK, KAKINADA)

Official Certification

Member 3:

This is to certify that KOLAGANI. DIVYANAGANJALI Reg.No:

20NN1A0436 completed her internship program from PURPLE TECHNO
SOLUTIONS On INTERNET OF THINGS under my supervision as a part of
partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Degree of B-Tech in the department
of Electronics and communication Engineering from Vignan’sNirula Institute of
Technology and Science for women.

Faculty Guide Head of the Department

6
 VIGNAN’S NIRULA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE FOR
WOMEN. PEDAPALAKALURU, GUNTUR -522005
(Approved by AICTE, NEW DELHI and Affiliated to JNTUK, KAKINADA)

Official Certification

Member 4:

This is to certify that SEELAMANTHULA.JAHNAVI Reg.No: 20NN1A0450

has completed her internship program from PURPLE TECHNO SOLUTIONS On
INTERNET OF THINGS under my supervision as a part of partial fulfillment of
the requirement for the Degree of B-Tech in the department of Electronics and
communication Engineering from Vignan’sNirula Institute of Technology and
Science for women.

Faculty Guide Head of the Department

7
 DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the work described in this community

service project work, entitled “FIRE ELERTING SYSTEM ” which is
submitted by us in partial fulfillment of the academic requirement in
Bachelor of technology in the Department of ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING of VIGNAN’S NIRULA INSTITUTE
OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE FOR WOMEN, affiliated to Jawaharlal
Nehru Technology University Kakinada, Andhra pradesh is the result of
work done by us under the guidance of Dr. G.Sandhya, Head Of the
Department. The work is original and has not been submitted for any
degree/diploma of this or any other university. This is certified that the
above statement made by the candidates is correct to the best of my
knowledge.

PROJECT ASSOCIATES:

1. G.Renuka 20NN1A0421
2. J.Sushma 20NN1A0428
3. K.Divya Naganjali 20NN1A0436
4. S.Jahnavi 20NN1A0450

(Supervisor)
E.Bhanu Prasad
Associate Professor

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 INDEX

S.No Title Page no

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 1.Abstract:-

The Internet of Things refers to connecting things and

people through internet, it has imposed itself as the New
business practices in different sectors. To make quick and
efficient response in real time, IoT enhances the way and
provides emergency managers with the necessary information
and communication to make use of those assets.

In this paper it is proposed that a quick response for fire

hazards is evaluated and examined by using IoT based model.
Fire is one of the major reasons of accidental deaths in the
world. To implement this proposed system a low-cost Wi-Fi
module, gas detection sensor, Flame detection sensor, buzzer
to alert and temperature sensors are used.

The sensors detects and alerts the local emergency with

the data collected by the system, and alerts organizations like
fire departments, police stations and hospitals by sending the
exact location to both user and operator through module which
all are well connected with. Thus, an integrated intelligent
system is designed through IoT to manage such hazards where
innocent lives and property.

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2.Introduction

This project has proposed an internet of things based fire

alarm and monitoring system which is best suited for industrial
and home applications. Fire is the major cause of accidental
death claiming valuable lives and expensive property. The
major property of fire is it spreads exponentially with time
spreading in no period of time and destroys everything it
catches. Hence, detection of fire in time is important so that
many lives and property can be saved. It can detect smoke, the
rise in temperature, rise in flame etc. and send it to a far-away
controlling unit through GSM to generate needful precautions
accordingly inform the nearest domestic help. The proposed
system is capable of detecting smoke, different gases and fire.
This system will be providing hazard coordinates to the nearby
local help including fire department, police stations, and
hospitals. This fire and gas sensing system with systematic IoT
framework concentrates on public safety and livelihood service
sector The fire detecting system with IoT standardized
design methods is shown in Fig. 1. The spark Detection sensor
PT333B is used to sense the spark, the Flammable gas sensor
MQ-6 is used to detect the gases like LPG/LNG and the GPS
module is to obtain device location. These sensors along with
Wi-Fi micro-controller are connected via Internet through which
it communicates hazard status to the nearest service centers
for all kind of help.
"Smoke alarms will more likely detect fires before it really
starts. Smoke comes when the energy of an object is
consumed due to the loss of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) from heat.
Smoke detectors are classified into three types: ionization,
photoelectric, and combination. In brief,

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ionization is a radioactive material that receives radiation from
the fire. It enters the ionization chamber, which is an air-filled
space between two electrodes and permits a small, constant
current between the electrodes. This type is the best for fast
fires or fires caused by bombs or accidents. The concept of
Internet of things (IoT) nowadays is applied in many
applications ranging from the smart industry, smart agriculture
to smart healthcare , and smart home application]. Home
automation is an area where IoT has several advantages . In
the case of remote plant locations, for example, technology
enabling remote operation and maintenance will benefit;
autonomous inter-appliance such that devices are mutually
aware of the information exchange, thereby minimizing
engineering costs in handling all devices involved. Nowadays,
fires can get out of control because people intend to save
money rather than installing proper fire alarm systems. Some
problems are still on, such as affordability, effectiveness, and
responsiveness . Previous related works such as Network-
Based Real-time Integrated Fire Detection and Alarm (FDA)
System with Building Automation have been done to
overcome these problems. Considering the aforementioned
challenges, this study focuses on building an advanced fire
alarm using heat and smoke alarms. The system reads the
flame, heat, and smoke data using IoT, analyzes these data,
and then quickly triggers the automatic water sprinkler. Thus,
this study's importance is to provide a low-cost fire alarm
system considering the affordability, effectiveness, and
responsiveness. Many studies have been conducted to address
these issues like ; however, fire detection issues are not
addressed properly since these systems rely on machine
vision, where the algorithms need more images to train, and the
detection rate is not satisfactory.

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 Thus, this paper aims to minimize false alarms, provide faster
response, and a new IoT approach than previous studies that
used mostly Node-Red.
The contribution is as follows:
(1) To determine which combinations and algorithms of
sensors can accurately and quickly detect fires,
(2) We have designed and then developed a system that
detects fire and activates the fire alarm,
(3) the proposed system evaluates the situation and initiates an
automatic water sprinkler where the water unit was designed
separately, and
(4) the system analyses the collected data using Ubidots
platform which results in a faster response.
Thus, the highlighted four points make the proposed
system superior in terms of affordability, effectiveness, and
responsiveness. The remainder of this paper is organized as
follows. Section 2 gives an overview of the methodology
adopted for the proposed research and described the
experimental model. Results are discussed in Section 3 while;
the conclusion and the future work are given in Section 4

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3.Components

● Resistor
● Led
● Transformer
● Capacitor
● Copper board
● Voltage regulator
● Connecting wires

4.Block diagram

According to block diagram , in case of fire, flame,

temperature, and gas sensors send continuous readings to the
Arduino. Updated readings are sent into a Wi-Fi module that
translates the data into a graphical and statistical manner. A
web page created to analyze the data and a response
extracted conditionally to launch a water sprinkler as shown.
Batteries feed the system as a back-up source while the
primary alternating current (AC) source function.

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15
5. Circuit Diagram

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6. Research method
Smart Fire Detection System has been developed to solve
the slow response issue of fire accidents. The inputs provide
readings for the system to analyze, such as sensors and Wi-Fi
module that works as a transmitter for the sensor readings.
Temperature, gas, and flame sensors are inputs. The readings
from the inputs are displayed on the web page. Outputs like
LED and Buzzer indicate a fire.

A. Internet of Things:-

The Internet of things (IoT) is the extension of online

availability into equipment gadgets and ordinary items.
Implanted with a wide range of equipment, (for example,
sensors), these gadgets share data with one another over the
remote system, and these gadgets can be methodically
overseen and changes can be produced using time to time.
The meaning of the Internet of things has advanced because of
up gradation of different advances, run time investigation,
framework learning (machine learning), sensors and
conventional fields of inserted load up engraved frameworks,
unwired sensor systems, control frameworks, robotization
(counting home and building computerization), and others all
add to setting up the IOT. In the shopper showcase, IoT
innovation is most acquainted with items having to the idea of
the "keen home", covering home gadgets and machines that
help at least one normal ways of life, and can be controlled
telephones or remotes related with that framework, for
example, cell phones and speakers. IOT helps in making a few
simplicities to the client we in this undertaking are utilizing this
for a speedy check

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And can be maintained a strategic distance from. With option to
that it gives us freedom to add new things to the framework at
whatever point required to make it progressively proficient and
dependable.

B. About this project :-

Fire is a very dreadful situation and an outbreak of fire

causes a lot of damage to life &property. Every year thousands
of properties and lives are claimed due to a fire casualty.
Preventing an outbreak of fire and taking required precautions
beforehand can save a lot of destruction. In developed
countries, properties come equipped with precautionary
systems. However, in counties underdeveloped or
developing,no such facility prevails. The system that we aim to
develop will act as a precautionary measure to alert and thus
prevent any further casualties. Since this system is highly cost
efficient, deploying it will be economical and affordable. With
this system, we aim to create a safe environment at homes,
workplaces, universities and public places. The main constraint
was to keep the system cost efficient so that maximum
advantage can be made of it. Since it is economical, installation
of the device can be done to assure safety of live and property.

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 7.Flowchart

Above flow chart depicts the proposed fire detection system

with an automatic water sprinkler. As described in the figure,
the Arduino Mega controls the sensors to extract reading from
the surroundings. Each indicator for these readings has a
threshold to check the potentiality and criticality of fire. For
example, the temperature exceeds 80 oC, CO2 exceeds 30%,
and/or flames detection. Smoke and flame, indicators of fire
criticality, represent the extra needed readings to see fire plus,
if one sensor does not work, then back up reading is required..

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8.Experimental Setup

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9.Hardware aspects

Spark Sensor:-

Detects the ignition of the light when there is some spark in

through wires or some inflammable system. Pt333B is the
sensing component. The Module is LM358.

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 Arduino Uno Board:-

The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board on which we

have connected the used sensors at the end Wi-Fi module is
mounted on it. Then it is connected to the website for further
process. The Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller
board based on the Microchip ATmega328P microcontroller
and developed by Arduino.cc and initially released in 2010.The
board is equipped with sets of digital and analog input/output
(I/O) pins that may be interfaced to various expansion boards
(shields) and other circuits. The board has 14 digital I/O pins
(six capable of PWM output), 6 analog I/O pins, and is
programmable with the Arduino IDE (Integrated Development
Environment), via a type B USB cable. It can be powered by
the USB cable or by an external 9-volt battery, though it
accepts voltages between 7 and 20 volts. It is similar to the
Arduino Nano and Leonardo.The hardware reference design is
distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike
2.5 license and is available on the Arduino website. Layout and
production files for some versions of the hardware are also
available.
General pin functions
LED: There is a built-in LED driven by digital pin 13. When the
pin is high value, the LED is on, when the pin is low, it is off.
VIN: The input voltage to the Arduino/Genuino board when it is
using an external power source (as opposed to 5 volts from the
USB connection or other regulated power source). You can
supply voltage through this pin.

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5V: This pin outputs a regulated 5V from the regulator on the
board. The board can be supplied with power either from the
DC power jack (7 - 20V), the USB connector (5V), or the VIN
pin of the board (7-20V). Supplying voltage via the 5V or 3.3V
pins bypasses the regulator, and can damage the board.
3V3: A 3.3 volt supply generated by the on-board regulator.
Maximum current draw is 50 mA.
GND: Ground pins.
IOREF: This pin on the Arduino/Genuino board provides the
voltage reference with which the microcontroller operates. A
properly configured shield can read the IOREF pin voltage and
select the appropriate power source, or enable voltage
translators on the outputs to work with the 5V or 3.3V.
Reset: Typically used to add a reset button to shields that block
the one on the board.

In addition, some pins have specialized functions:

Serial / UART: pins 0 (RX) and 1 (TX). Used to receive (RX)

and transmit (TX) TTL serial data. These pins are connected to
the corresponding pins of the ATmega8U2 USB-to-TTL serial
chip.
External interrupts: pins 2 and 3. These pins can be
configured to trigger an interrupt on a low value, a rising or
falling edge, or a change in value.
PWM (pulse-width modulation): pins 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11.
Can provide 8-bit PWM output with the analogWrite() function.
SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface): pins 10 (SS), 11 (MOSI), 12
(MISO), and 13 (SCK). These pins support SPI communication
using the SPI library.
TWI (two-wire interface) / I²C: pin SDA (A4) and pin SCL (A5).
Support TWI communication using the Wire library.

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AREF (analog reference): Reference voltage for the analog
inputs.

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 Wi-Fi module (ESP8266):-

Wi-Fi module is used to send data through wireless network

to the system and web application and then it gets all the data
from the sensors and gives a notification to the web application.
The ESP8266 is a minimal effort Wi-Fi microchip with full
TCP/IP stack and microcontroller capability. This little module
enables microcontrollers to interface with a Wi-Fi system and
make basic TCP/IP associations utilizing Hayes-style
commands. The ESP8285 is an ESP8266 with 1 MiB of
inherent glimmer, taking into account single-chip gadgets
equipped for associating with Wi-Fi

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9. 4Buzzer

A buzzer is a mechanical, electromechanical, magnetic,

electromagnetic, electro-acoustic or piezoelectric audio
signaling device. A piezo-electric buzzer can be driven by an
oscillating electronic circuit or other audio signal source. A click,
beep or ring can indicate that a button has been pressed. It
consists of a number of switches or sensors connected to a
control unit that determines if and which button was pushed or
a preset time has lapsed. It usually illuminates a light on the
appropriate button or control panel, and sounds a warning in
the form of a continuous or intermittent buzzing or beeping
sound

Resistor

A passive electrical component with two terminals that are

used for either limiting or regulating the flow of electric current
in electrical circuits.

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The resistor is a passive electrical component that creates
resistance in the flow of electric current. In almost all electrical
networks and electronic circuits they can be found. The
resistance is measured in ohms (Ω). An ohm is the resistance
that occurs when a current of one ampere (A) passes through a
resistor with a one volt (V) drop across its terminals. The
current is proportional to the voltage across the terminal ends.
This ratio is represented by Ohm’s law:
R=V/I
Resistors are used for many purposes. A few examples include
limiting electric current, voltage division, heat generation,
matching and loading circuits, gain control, and setting time
constants. They are commercially available with resistance
values over a range of more than nine orders of magnitude.
They can be used as electric brakes to dissipate kinetic energy
from trains, or be smaller than a square millimeter for
electronics.

Voltage regulator

A voltage regulator is a system designed to automatically

maintain a constant voltage. A voltage regulator may use a
simple feed-forward design or may include negative feedback.

27
It may use an electromechanical mechanism, or electronic
components. Depending on the design, it may be used to
regulate one or more AC or DC voltages.

Electronic voltage regulators are found in devices such as

computer power supplies where they stabilize the DC voltages
used by the processor and other elements. In automobile
alternators and central power station generator plants, voltage
regulators control the output of the plant. In an electric power
distribution system, voltage regulators may be installed at a
substation or along distribution lines so that all customers
receive steady voltage independent of how much power is
drawn from the line.
A simple voltage/current regulator can be made from a resistor
in series with a diode (or series of diodes). Due to the
logarithmic shape of diode V-I curves, the voltage across the
diode changes only slightly due to changes in current drawn or
changes in the input. When precise voltage control and
efficiency are not important, this design may be fine. Since the
forward voltage of a diode is small, this kind of voltage regulator
is only suitable for low voltage regulated output. When higher
voltage output is needed, a zener diode or series of zener
diodes may be employed. Zener diode regulators make use of
the zener diode's fixed reverse voltage, which can be quite
large.

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Feedback voltage regulators operate by comparing the actual
output voltage to some fixed reference voltage. Any difference
is amplified and used to control the regulation element in such
a way as to reduce the voltage error. This forms a negative
feedback control loop; increasing the open-loop gain tends to
increase regulation accuracy but reduce stability. (Stability is
avoidance of oscillation, or ringing, during step changes.) There
will also be a trade-off between stability and the speed of the
response to changes. If the output voltage is too low (perhaps
due to input voltage reducing or load current increasing), the
regulation element is commanded, up to a point, to produce a
higher output voltage–by dropping less of the input voltage (for
linear series regulators and buck switching regulators), or to
draw input current for longer periods (boost-type switching
regulators); if the output voltage is too high, the regulation
element will normally be commanded to produce a lower
voltage. However, many regulators have over-current
protection, so that they will entirely stop sourcing current (or
limit the current in some way) if the output current is too high,
and some regulators may also shut down if the input voltage is
outside a given range.

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 Capacitor

A capacitor is a device that stores electrical energy in an

electric field by virtue of accumulating electric charges on two
close surfaces insulated from each other. It is a passive
electronic component with two terminals.
The effect of a capacitor is known as capacitance. While some
capacitance exists between any two electrical conductors in
proximity in a circuit, a capacitor is a component designed to
add capacitance to a circuit. The capacitor was originally known
as a condenser a term still encountered in a few compound
names, such as the condenser microphone.

Transformer

A transformer is a passive component that transfers

electrical energy from one electrical circuit to another circuit, or
multiple circuits. A varying current in any coil of transformer
produces varying magnetic flux in transformer's core, which
induces a varying electromotive force (EMF) across any other
coils wound around same core.Electrical energy can be
transferred between separate coils without metallic

30
(conductive) connection between the two circuits. Faraday's law
of induction, discovered in 1831, describes the induced voltage
effect in any coil due to a changing magnetic flux encircled by
the coil.

Transformers are used to change AC voltage levels, such

transformers being termed step-up or step-down type to
increase or decrease voltage level, respectively. Transformers
can also be used to provide galvanic isolation between circuits
as well as to couple stages of signal-processing circuits. Since
the invention of the first constant-potential transformer in 1885,
transformers have become essential for the transmission,
distribution, and utilization of alternating current electric
power.[2] A wide range of transformer designs is encountered
in electronic and electric power applications. Transformers
range in size from RF transformers less than a cubic centimeter
in volume, to units weighing hundreds of tons used to
interconnect the power grid.

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 LED

A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that

emits light when current flows through it. Electrons in the
semiconductor recombine with electron holes, releasing energy
in the form of photons. The color of the light (corresponding to
the energy of the photons) is determined by the energy
required for electrons to cross the band gap of the
semiconductor.[5] White light is obtained by using multiple
semiconductors or a layer of light-emitting phosphor on the
semiconductor device.

Appearing as practical electronic components in 1962, the

earliest LEDs emitted low-intensity infrared (IR) light Infrared
LEDs are used in remote-control circuits, such as those used
with a wide variety of consumer electronics. The first visible-
light LEDs were of low intensity and limited to red. Early LEDs
were often used as indicator lamps, replacing small
incandescent bulbs, and in seven-segment displays. Later
developments produced LEDs available in visible, ultraviolet
(UV), and infrared wavelengths, with high, low, or intermediate
light output, for instance white LEDs suitable for room and
outdoor area lighting. LEDs have also given rise to new types
of displays and sensors, while their high switching rates are
useful in advanced communications technology with
applications as diverse as aviation lighting, fairy lights,
automotive headlamps, advertising, general lighting, traffic
signals, camera flashes, lighted wallpaper, horticultural grow
lights, and medical devices.

32
 Battery

The nine-volt battery, or 9-volt battery, is an electric battery

that supplies a nominal voltage of 9 volts. Actual voltage
measures 7.2 to 9.6 volts, depending on battery chemistry.
Batteries of various sizes and capacities are manufactured; a
very common size is known as PP3, introduced for early
transistor radios. The PP3 has a rectangular prism shape with
rounded edges and two polarized snap connectors on the top.
This type is commonly used for many applications including
household uses such as smoke and gas detectors, clocks, and
toys.

33
10.Software aspects

In this task we utilized distinctive programming methods to

construct a code for the Arduino board. Here Arduino board
reads the data given by the system and sends the information
to site and to client through Wi-Fi module. For the Chart and
spark sensor indicator we utilized Php language (Personal
home page). Other language utilized were html and CSS to
make the page and site additionally appealing
Arduino board: software is used to write programs that can be
embedded onto board.It is available for many operating
systems like Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, Portable IDE. It is
open source platform for electronics design, and very easy tool
to use for both hardware and software. Arduino IDE comes with
few advantageslike fast prototyping and helps

34
students who don’t have any prior knowledge in electronics and
software programming.
It provides flexible, simple and clear programming environment
for beginners.

Code for Arduino

#define tiltSensor D0 //tilt sensor at pin D0

#define buzzer D1 // buzzer at pin D1

int sound=250; // set buzzer sound

int val = 0; //variable for reading the tilt switch status

void setup(){
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode (tiltSensor,INPUT);
pinMode(buzzer,OUTPUT);
}
void loop(){
val = digitalRead(tiltSensor); //read state of tilt sensor
Serial.println(val);
if (val == HIGH){
digitalWrite(buzzer,LOW); // buzzer sounds
}
else {
digitalWrite(buzzer,HIGH);
}
delay(300);
}

35
11.System Testing

To test the prototype, first, the Microsim needs to be inserted

in the SIM800L slot as shown in the figure. Then power ON the
module and then we can see the LED blinking in the Module. If
the LED blinking is delayed as compared to the initial start, it
means it got the network, and is ready to connect to the server.
Now we can see the status in Thingspeak server.

36
12.Applications and Advantages of Fire Alerting
System

● Fire alerting system have a wide range of applications.

IOT based fire alarm system using arduino can be used in
Chemical Factories, Shopping Malls, local shops,
Educational institutes, Parking Areas, Companies, etc.

● loT Based Fire alarm Notification System Using WiFI can

be used as a precautionary measure at all the places
listed above, which can help in notifying the fire
departments early. If appropriate and immediate action is
taken as soon as the buzzer turns ON, it can help in
avoiding an accident.

● Future Development of the IOT Based Fire Detection

System - This project can be enhanced to sense leakage
of LPG GAS

37
13.Results

The software results are shown on the Arduino window and

the Ubidots platform.Figure 8 displays the readings on the
Ubidots dashboard that linked to Arduino coding from the
sensors. The readings came from temperature,and battery.
There are three indicators for temperature, gas,and flame
sensors; the temperature goes from 0 Celsius to 100 Celsius.
The gas sensor takes two displays; one is an indicator for the
voltage,one for gas percentage.The battery percentage is
measured with the voltage divider rule, and it is displayed on
the dashboard. When a flame sensor detects light that ranges
from 760 nm to 1100 nm, fire is detected. Therefore, we
proposed a fire detection system based IoT using a gateway
protocol and flame sensor with Arduino. However, the system
was designed to warn property owner.

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14.conclusion

Fire breakouts create serious health and Infrastructure

hazard, associated with it is unavoidable injuries or loss of lives
in one hand, partial or complete damage to properties. This
loss is inestimably enormous; hence this paper proposes the
development of IOT based fire department alerting system.
This model constantly monitoring the fire signal and will send
warning to alert the user and nearest fire station. This
application targets people who don’t have someone to be at
home, office or any other workplace so when they away from
their place they are notified about the fire problems if any.
Using this application will help these people as they will be
informed quickly about the incident and also the nearest fire
department will be notified in an effective way. The application
has a notification feature which notifies the user and the
nearest fire station plus the domestic help so that a quick action
can be taken. It is also very efficient and hence very easy to
use. This system has tried to solve almost every problem
related to the safety of homes and its assets.

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15.Reference

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https://www.nfpa.org/News-andResearch/Data-research-and-to
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[2] Lee, D. and Kim, B., “Study on Detecting Fires and Finding
Rescuers,” Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, vol. 19, no. 1,
pp. 225-230, 2019.
[3] Liu, Z., “Review of Recent Developments in Fire Detection
Technologies,” Journal of Fire Protection Engineering, vol. 13,
no. 2, pp. 129-151, 2003.
[4] Gong, F., Li, C., Gong, W., Li, X., Yuan, X., Ma, Y. and Song,
T., “A real-time fire detection method from video with
multifeature fusion,” Computational intelligence and
neuroscience, vol. 2019, 2019.

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