C OV E R PA G E

• Experiment No, Title of

experiment

• Personal details include:

The students’ full name, ID, group

no, date of submission, lecturer’s
name.
OBJECTIVE
• List of objectives for the
corresponding experiment.
METHODS
• List of Apparatus.
• List all lab apparatus used in
the experiment.

• Draw and label the schematic

diagram of the experimental
setup.
• The image should be clear
and understandable.
• Label the apparatus in the
figure.

• Step by step methods used.

METHODS
• List of Apparatus.
• List all lab apparatus used in
the experiment.

• Draw and label the schematic

diagram of the experimental
setup.
• The image should be clear
and understandable.
• Label the apparatus in the
figure.

• Step by step methods used.

 List R E S U LT S A N D
D ATA
 Table • All data recorded during the
experiment is listed here.

Take note: the units for all the

values recorded must be mentioned
and correct.
List of data

Quantity 1 = (Measured value ± uncertainty ) unit

Quantity 2 = (Measured value ± uncertainty ) unit

Example:
Mass of hanger, mhanger = 0.01 ± 0.01 kg
Length of spring without load, xunload = 0.018 ± 0.001 m

Additional tips..
List the constant quantities.
 Table number Short introduction on the
Example variables in the table. Mention
the symbol for each variables.

Table 1.1 Time taken, t by metal ball to reach Q point with respect of mass, m
of the ball.
m t
(± 0.1 g) (± 0.01 s)
Uncertainty t1 t2 t3 tavg
and unit
0.1 5.74 5.60 5.75 5.70
0.2 7.00 7.21 7.32 7.18
0.3 8.50 8.45 8.51 8.49
0.4 9.50 9.43 9.51 9.48
0.5 11.55 12.00 11.65 11.73

Use uniform no Use uniform no

of decimal places of decimal places
Example
Table 6.1 The experimental data.

Mass of metal, Total loading Spring force, Spring

Length of spring with load, xload
mmetal mass, mload Fspring extension, ∆x

(±0.001 m)
(±0.01 kg) (±0.01 kg) (±0.001 N) (± 0.001 m)
x1 x2 x3 xaverage

0.02 0.03 0.196 0.062 0.063 0.075 0.067 0.067

0.03 0.04 0.294 0.098 0.095 0.096 0.096 0.096

0.04 0.05 0.392 0.131 0.135 0.132 0.133 0.155

0.05 0.06 0.491 0.159 0.16O 0.159 0.159 0.159

0.06 0.07 0.589 0.19 0.189 0.191 0.19O 0.172

0.07 0.08 0.687 0.229 0.222 0.223 0.225 0.225

Example
Example
 UNCERTAINTY

• For quantity obtained straight away from an instrument:

Refer to the sensitivity of the instrument used to measure
the corresponding quantity.
• For quantity obtained from mathematical operation:
Refer to the formula involved to obtain the corresponding
quantity.
 UNIT

•Make sure the unit recorded in the table is

the correct unit for the recorded data.
 Analysis:
Example: From Hooke's Law,
𝐹 = 𝑘𝑥
A N A LY S I S
The general equation of a linear graph is,
y = mx +c

Thus,
• Calculations
The equation of this graph is,

𝐹𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑚∆𝑥 + 𝑐 • Graphs

where
m is the gradient of the graph and
c is the y-intercept

Comparing equation of the graph with the Hooke's law equation,

the gradient represents the spring constant, k.

Gradient of best fit, mbest = ? unit

Max gradient, mmax = ? unit
Min gradient, mmin = ? unit
Δ m = ½ (mmax - mmin ) = ? unit

Therefore, gradient m = (mbest ± ∆m ) unit

The y-intercept is approaching 0 value.

A N A LY S I S

• Calculations
• Graphs
 Title of graph: mention the variables used
Graph of spring force, Fspring against extension of spring, ∆x
Axis label
Fspring (N)
0.8
max line
best line
Centroid
𝑋 𝑌
min line
point: ,
0.7 𝑛 𝑛
(0.146, 0.442)
0.6

Tip:
0.5
Find the centroid
point to assist you in
0.4
deciding the best
line.
0.3

0.2

0.1
Axis scale
Axis label
0 ∆x (m)
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25
EX AMPLE
RUBRIC
PHYSICS
RUBRIC PHY110
RUBRIC PHY150
Take note:

Different course may have different rubric.

Thus, request your lecturer for the rubric for
your reference.
Also, different code may focus on different
part of lab report. It is advisable to ask your
lecturer of the corresponding course first to
confirm the layout of your lab report.