The document is an assignment response discussing the role of the nervous system in shaping animal behavior. It discusses how the nervous system takes in environmental information, processes it, and triggers appropriate behavioral reactions. The brain serves as the central hub coordinating the neurological, sensory, and cognitive systems to create movements and actions. The nervous system regulates physiological functions and connects all body parts, transmitting signals that determine behaviors like smiling and pain responses. Behavior is also influenced by social interactions and the brain regions involved in them. In summary, the complex nervous system evolved to allow sophisticated animal behaviors through signal transmission and integrated information processing.
The document is an assignment response discussing the role of the nervous system in shaping animal behavior. It discusses how the nervous system takes in environmental information, processes it, and triggers appropriate behavioral reactions. The brain serves as the central hub coordinating the neurological, sensory, and cognitive systems to create movements and actions. The nervous system regulates physiological functions and connects all body parts, transmitting signals that determine behaviors like smiling and pain responses. Behavior is also influenced by social interactions and the brain regions involved in them. In summary, the complex nervous system evolved to allow sophisticated animal behaviors through signal transmission and integrated information processing.
The document is an assignment response discussing the role of the nervous system in shaping animal behavior. It discusses how the nervous system takes in environmental information, processes it, and triggers appropriate behavioral reactions. The brain serves as the central hub coordinating the neurological, sensory, and cognitive systems to create movements and actions. The nervous system regulates physiological functions and connects all body parts, transmitting signals that determine behaviors like smiling and pain responses. Behavior is also influenced by social interactions and the brain regions involved in them. In summary, the complex nervous system evolved to allow sophisticated animal behaviors through signal transmission and integrated information processing.
The document is an assignment response discussing the role of the nervous system in shaping animal behavior. It discusses how the nervous system takes in environmental information, processes it, and triggers appropriate behavioral reactions. The brain serves as the central hub coordinating the neurological, sensory, and cognitive systems to create movements and actions. The nervous system regulates physiological functions and connects all body parts, transmitting signals that determine behaviors like smiling and pain responses. Behavior is also influenced by social interactions and the brain regions involved in them. In summary, the complex nervous system evolved to allow sophisticated animal behaviors through signal transmission and integrated information processing.
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ASSIGNMENT NO.
ZOO403: ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR
STUDENT ID; BC190408136
Total Marks: 10 Due date: 29/11/2022 Question no 1 ;
Role of Nervous System in shaping Behaviour?
Answer;
All behaviour is fundamentally controlled by the neurological system. Its job is to
take in information from the environment, compile it, process it, and then trigger the appropriate behavioural reaction. For an animal to survive, it must be able to react to various internal and external conditions, and its body components must be able to work together to engage in illegal behaviours that are advantageous to the animal or species. To start coordinated reactions via the muscles and glands, the endocrine system and the neurological system collaborate.
The sophisticated organ known as the brain serves as the primary hub for the neurological, sensory, and cognitive systems and processes, all of which are essential in shaping behaviour. They each work independently, but together they create movements and actions. In this essay, I'll talk about how these systems and cognitive processes influence behaviour.
The brain grows quickly both before and after birth. Many synapses expand at an amazing rate during childhood. Inconceivable numbers of nerve cells make up the brain. Together, these cells work to produce behaviours by continuously communicating with the brain through the body's neurons.
The nerve system is another significant aspect in determining behaviour. The
nervous system is smart and complex, much like the brain. The nervous system is in charge of coordinating people's movements, whether they are conscious or unconscious. Together, the peripheral and central neural systems regulate physiological functions including smiling, feeling pain, and other such behaviours. This system connects all parts of the body that are not inside the brain and spinal cord to the brain and spinal cord. It has axons that transmit signals from the sense organs to the central neural system and from the central nervous system to the muscles. The organs, heart, and intestines are under the control of the autonomic nervous system, which also sends messages to those regions.
Social interaction plays a significant role in much of human behaviour. Even
though the entire brain participates in social interactions, some regions of the cerebral hemispheres are more actively involved. This component of behaviour is disturbed by the surgical operation known as a leucotomy, which involves cutting through the white matter connecting some of the frontal lobes with the thalamus.
Sending signals from one cell to another or from one portion of the body to another is the nervous system's most fundamental job. A cell can communicate with other cells in a variety of ways. One way is by releasing hormone-like substances into the bloodstream, where they can diffuse to far-off locations. The nervous system transmits "point-to-point" signals as opposed to this "broadcast" kind of signaling; neurons direct their axons toward certain target regions and form synaptic connections with particular target cells. As a result, brain signaling can be far more specific than hormone signaling . The quickest nerve signals move at speeds of over 100 metres per second, making them much faster as well.
At a more integrative level, the nervous system's main job is to manage the body. In order to achieve this, sensory receptors capture information from the environment, signals are sent into the central nervous system, the information is processed to determine the proper reaction, and output signals are then sent to muscles or glands to activate the response. Diverse animal species can now exhibit sophisticated perceptual skills like eyesight, sophisticated social interactions, quick organ system coordination, and integrated processing of concurrent information because to the evolution of a complex neurological system.
In essence, they are endogenous and inherent to the central nervous system. Sleeping and waking, rest and activity, fluid intake, urine production, body temperature, cardiac output, oxygen consumption, cell division, and endocrine gland secretion are all examples of circadian activities. Shift work and quick transitions across time zones disturb rhythms. It takes several days after a long trip for the endogenous rhythm generator to synchronise with the local time.
The anterior section of the cat's hypothalamus and areas nearby can be electrically stimulated to cause the behaviour of retaining or releasing urine and faeces. The cat pauses what it's doing and acts as though it's going to urinate or defecate when radio waves stimulate electrodes implanted in these areas. It performs its routine behaviours, including digging a hole, squatting, and adopting the proper posture, before passing urine or excrement. It even performs its regular routine of burying its faeces at the conclusion.
Although such fundamental components of life concern the whole of the brain, the eating and drinking centres reside in the lateral and ventromedial regions of the hypothalamus. In one experiment, if the ventromedial region is damaged, the animal eats a lot; if the lateral region is destroyed, the animal eats less or not at all. A monkey consumes when the ventromedial area's neurons are electrically stimulated, and the lateral region's neurons cause the monkey to stop eating.
