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Integration of Integrals Involving Quadratic Functions

Here are the solutions to the integrals provided: 1. ln|x2 - 6x + 13| from -1 to 1 2. arctan(2x + 3) 3. √(4x + 6) - √(4x - 6) 4. √8 + 2x - x2 5. arctan(4x/5) 6. √4x - x2 - 1 7. ln|x3 - 2x| 8. arctan(3x/√(x2 + 3x + 3)) 9. arctan(x/2) 10. ln|4x + x2

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278 views

Integration of Integrals Involving Quadratic Functions

Here are the solutions to the integrals provided: 1. ln|x2 - 6x + 13| from -1 to 1 2. arctan(2x + 3) 3. √(4x + 6) - √(4x - 6) 4. √8 + 2x - x2 5. arctan(4x/5) 6. √4x - x2 - 1 7. ln|x3 - 2x| 8. arctan(3x/√(x2 + 3x + 3)) 9. arctan(x/2) 10. ln|4x + x2

Uploaded by

Naseeb Alii
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MAT 070

Calculus II

Mathematics Department
Mindanao State University Main Campus
Marawi City

January 25, 2021


Chapter 5 The Techniques of Integration

5.4 Integration of Integrals Involving Quadratic Functions


f (x) = ax2 + bx + c
Integration of Integrals Involving Quadratic Functions

f (x) = ax2 + bx + c

When an integrand involves a quadratic function of the form


f (x) = ax2 + bx + c, the integration is usually simplified by completing the
square:
 
2 2 b
ax + bx + c = a x + x + c
a
b2 b2
 
2 b
=a x + x+ 2 +c− 2
a 4a 4a
b 2 b2
 
2
ax + bx + c = a x + + c − 2.
2a 4a
Then the substitution
b
y =x+
2a
changes the quadratic term in the integrand to form resembling those that
were considered previously.
Example
2x − 5
Z
Example 1 Find dx.
x2
+ 2x + 2
Solution: By completing the square,

x2 + 2x + 2 = (x2 + 2x + 1) + 2 − 1 = (x + 1)2 + 1.

Then let y = x + 1, so that, x = y − 1 and dx = dy . So,


2x − 5
Z
2x−5
R
dx = (x+1)2 +1 dx
x2 + 2x + 2
2(y − 1) − 5
Z
= dy
y2 + 1
2y − 3
Z
= dy
Z y2 + 1 Z
2ydy 3dy
= 2
− 2
Z y +1 Zy + 1
2ydy dy
= 2
−3 2
y +1 y +1
=ln(y 2 + 1) − 3 arctan y + C
=ln(x2 + 2x + 2) − 3 arctan (x + 1) + C .
2x3 dx
Z
Example 2 Evaluate dx.
2x2 − 4x + 3
Solution: We need to simplify first the integrand by performing long
division because the degree of the numerator is greater than the degree of the
denominator.
2x3 dx
Z
R 5x−6

dx = x + 2 + 2x2 −4x+3 dx
2x2 − 4x + 3 2
= x2 + 2x + 2x25x−6
R
−4x+3 dx.
We complete the square

2x2 − 4x + 3 = 2(x2 − 2x + 1) + 1 = 2(x − 1)2 + 1.

Let y = x − 1,thus, x = y + 1 and dx = dy .


2x3 dx x2 5x − 6
Z
2
dx = + 2x+ ∈ 2 dx
2x − 4x + 3 2 2x − 4x + 3
x2 5(y + 1) − 6
Z
= + 2x + dy
2 2y 2 + 1
x2 5y − 1
Z
= + 2x + dy
2 2y 2 + 1
x2
Z Z
y dy
= + 2x + 5 2
dy − 2
2 2y + 1 2y + 1
2x3 dx x2
Z Z
5 2 1 dy
dx = + 2x + ln(2y + 1) −
2
2x − 4x + 3 2 4 2  y + 12
2

2
x 5 1 1 y
= + 2x + ln(2y 2 + 1) −  q arctan q  + C
2 4 2 1 1
√ 2 2
x 2
5 2 √
= + 2x + ln(2y 2 + 1) − arctan 2y + C .
2 4 2 √
x2 5 2 √
= + 2x + ln(2x2 − 4x + 3) − arctan 2(x − 1) + C
2 4 2
Exercises: Determine the following integrals:
Z 1
2x − 1
1. 2
dx
−1 x − 6x + 13
Z
4x + 5
2. dx
(2x2 + 3x + 4)2
Z
dx
3. √
(4x + 6) 4x2 + 12x + 5
Z 3
dx
4. √
1 8 + 2x − x2
Z −1
dx
5. 2
−4 x + 8x + 25
x4 dx
Z
6.
x2 + 3x + 1
Z √
3dx
7. √
4x − x2 − 1
x3 − 2x
Z
8. dx
x2 + 3x + 3
Z
x
9. 3 dx
(4x − x2 ) 2
Z
dx
10. 1 dx
(4x + x2 ) 2
x2
Z
11. dx
x2 + 4x + 5
Z
dx
12. √
(x + 4) x2 + 8x − 20

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