LABORATORY PRACTICAL FOLIO

Welcome to BMS533 Biorisk Management.

BMS533 is about biosafety and biosecurity – how to keep yourself safe and protect the
environment and people around you from potentially dangerous biological agents that may
be present in the laboratories.
In this document, you will find the schedule for our first four practical classes
i. For this semester, we are in hybrid, so T & L will be conducted via a series of lab
briefings, videos, guided self-learning and Face-to-face where permitted
ii. You will begin with a discussion, then watch some videos and then perform
certain tasks to reinforce your learning on risk assessment and risk management
iii. You may write all your observations and thoughts in this Folio.
iv. At the end of Week No 6 (or 7, depending on your tutor) submit the completed
Folio for assessment and marking.
v. The outcomes of this Folio addresses CLO2 -ability to analyse (risk assessment)
and apply the correct control (risk mitigation) and contribute 20% to your Final
Marks
Practical 1 is on risk assessment and reinforces your ability to identify and assess
risks in the laboratory. Practical 2 to 4 reinforce learning on risk mitigation and
their applications – administrative control, engineering control and PPE.
Playlist of videos
The youtube link is provided. This is the prefer option.
Where the video no longer exist on youtube, or you cannot access, the link to a copy of the
video in google drive will be given. You can watch is there.
Please do not download.
Prac Title You tube link
1 A Biosafety Risk assessment https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0QwJB1sH3
Oc
2 A BSL 1 & BSL 2 Safety Intro to https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ge8I4fSdbP
the Lab Bench M
B Lab Safety Training BSL2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AtDiZB8FqI
Q
C Biosafety mistakes
3 A Biosafety Cabinet Training at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q_C6xq7j-kg
Arizona State University
B Biological Safety Cabinet https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=96-aZLom34
0
4 A Donning doffing lab biosafety https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ORhUis-0TS
A
B Donning and doffing of PPE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WISzaCdJS
step by step Qg
C Gloves donning and Doffing https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PWrhmp3YA
c0
D N95 mask donning and seal https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zoxpvDVo_N
check I
Case
Study
5 A Biological Spill Response Texas https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VKIBNz4fHo
Tech U U
B Biological Spill Clean-up https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l6uJvEQ-J9A
6 A In-office biological monitoring https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YHj0rXxBulw
B Failed Spore Test What do you https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1576ElGWR
do Ro
C 3M™ Attest™ 490M Auto https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LCQ8dFXwt
Reader oM
7 A Laboratory inspection exercise https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ge8I4fSdbP
M

*you will be given links to videos on a google drive for videos which are no longer on
youtube.
GROUP : AS201 TEAM :

Practical 1 : Risk Assessment

LEADER : Mohammad Faiz Bin Mohd Noh (2022782359)
Members : Nuramira Atiqah (2022758271)
: Nurin Syakirah Binti Sazalee (2022958477)
: Yusnurdalila Binti Dali (2022991343)

Date : 28 October 2022

Report writing :

This section was written by and reviewed by

Part A : Hazard Yusnurdalila Binti Dali
characterisation (2022991343)
:

Part B : Risk Yusnurdalila Binti Dali

identification : (2022991343)

Part C : Biorisk Nuramira Atiqah

Assessment : (2022758271)

Discussion Nurin Syakirah Binti

: Sazalee
(2022958477)

Conclusion Mohammad Faiz Bin

: Mohd Noh
(2022782359)
Objective

To identify possible biosafety risk in a laboratory.

Outcomes

I. Know - what is a biosafety risk.

II. Know - how to identify a biosafety risk
III. Do - make a list of possible biosafety risks for a biological agent
IV. Feel - confident in identifying biological risks

Introduction
Risk assessment is the first component of the AMP model for biorisk management, and also
an integral part of laboratory biosafety. In order to conduct a risk assessment, the first step is
to identify existing biosafety hazards. These can be agent-based or procedure -based. We
will then do a quick characterization of the identified hazards.

Instructions
1. Work in groups of 3 or 4.
2. Pick one of the following biological agents :
i. Bacillus subtilis
ii. Bacillus anthracis
iii. Shigella flexneri
iv. Staphylococcus aureus
v. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
vi. Streptococcus pneumoniae
vii. Salmonella typhimurium
viii. Rickettsia rickettsii
My agent = Mycobacterium tuberculosis

3. Assume that the lab will be used to do the following tasks with your selected bacteria:
a) diagnostic procedures e.g. gram staining, biochemical tests
b) culture in 1 litre volumes for growth studies
c) inoculating mice with the bacteria for pathogenic studies
 PART A Hazard characterisation

4. Identify what are the possible biosafety hazards for your agent.
5. Complete the Hazard Characterisation Sheet attached. You will need to search the
internet or other sources for scientific data. This will provide the information for the
risk assessment in the next section.
6. Use the template on the next page. Use extra paper if you need.

Hazard characterisation sheet (tick where applicable)

Name of biological agent (genus/species etc.) : Mycobacterium tuberculosis

1. Type of agent :
/ Bacterium Virus Fungus Parasite
Cell Culture Prion Biological toxin / Others : Needle

2. Risk Group 1 2 / 3 4 Unknown

3. Pathogenicity
/ Highly pathogenic Pathogenic
Opportunistic pathogen Potential pathogen

4. Infectious dose Unknown / Known =low infectious dose of less

than 10 microorganisms

5. Host range
/ Human Animal Plants Others :

6. Communicability
/ Human to Animal to Human to Animal to
human human animal animal

7. Route of infection
/ Respiratory tract/ inhalation Mucosal membranes/ eyes, nose,
mouth
Percutaneous / break in skin Gastrointestinal tract/ ingestion

8. Mode of transmission
Direct contact Indirect contact / Human-human Human-animal
Vector borne Inanimate Food, water Air, aerosols
objects

9. Individual highly at risk

Pregnant woman Immunocompromised
/ Aged person/ children / Others : homeless persons, injection
drug users, and persons with HIV
infection

10. History of Laboratory –Acquired Infection (LAI)

 / Yes Rare No reports

11. Vaccine / Yes No

available?

12. Cure available? / Yes No

For the procedures performed on this biological agent :

13. Will aerosols be produced in large / Yes No
amounts?

14. Will sharps be used? Yes / No

15. Are spills/ splashes likely to happen? / Yes No

Part B : Risk identification

7. Identify what risks can arise due to the hazard. One hazard can give risk to several
risks. The risk can be to the laboratory worker, people around the lab, or the
environment.
8. Identify under what conditions/ situations will the risk be manifested. Remember, just
by having a hazard doesn't mean that it will result in a risk.
9. Identify who will be at risk.

Table 1.1 : Hazard and Risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Hazard Risk Under what conditions Who is at risk
What can happen can this happen

1 Mycobacteriu Infection via respiratory Generation of infectious Lab workers

m tuberculosis route aerosols when vortexing
samples.

2 Mycobacteriu The bacteria attack the Spread through the air Persons who
m tuberculosis lungs, but tuberculosis and from person to have
bacteria can attack any person. immigrated
part of the body such as from areas of
the kidney, spine, and the world with
brain. high rates of
Tuberculosis
3 Mycobacteriu Inhaling the expelled lungs coughs or sneezes Workers &
m tuberculosis droplets, which contain from other people. employees
tuberculosis bacteria.

4 Mycobacteriu Unintentional release Contaminated waste was Lab workers/

m tuberculosis not properly autoclaved. support
workers/
community
Part C : Biorisk Assessment

10. Watch the video P1A on risk assessment (10 min)

11. Using the rubric below and the matrices given in the next page, identify how harm
can occur due to the risk you have identified, and assess the risk of each of these.

1 Hazard What can happen? How can it happen?

(Identify the Hazard) (Define the Risk as clearly as possible. This will
help greatly when you do Risk Mitigation in the
next step)

What is the likelihood of it Why do you think so?

happening?
(You need to justify your evaluation based on
(Estimate the Likelihood) scientific facts)

If it DOES happen, how severe Why do you think so?

are the consequences?
(Quiz : what if there is no information for L or C?)
(Estimate the Consequence)

What is the level of risk? Is risk mitigation/ management required?

(Risk = Likelihood x
Consequence)

12. Use the template and risk matrices provided below

13. Plot the risks on the quadrant graph below, using clear markers. Add to the legend.
Table 1.2 Risk Assessment Worksheet R = f(L,C) L = likelihood; C = consequence;
R = Risk Level
Risk L Why C Why Risk
Leve
l
1 Infection of lab 4 M.tuberculosis is 3 TB is a chronic and High
users by known to be highly severe disease.
Mycobacterium infectious via inhalation However, effective
tuberculosis of aerosols. There are treatment is
through inhalation many reported cases of available.
of aerosols LAIs.

The 4 M. tuberculosis 4 The concentration of High

2 Mycobacterium transmitted by the air the infectious droplet
tuberculosis and when a droplet nuclei is the factor
transmission nuclei carrying M. since the more
pathway. tuberculosis is inhaled, droplet nuclei in the
the droplet nuclei will air, the more
travel through the probable it will be
mouth. transmitted.
3 The laboratory’s 3 It is important to take 3 Their capacity will be Mod
workload as well into account the lab determined by the erate
as the burden of staff’s capacity to technical expertise,
each lab user. manage risks. microbiological
practices, and
competence of all
laboratory
technicians, as well
as the safety
measures in place,
the accessibility of
the necessary
standard operating
procedure, and the
operational integrity
of the containment
equipment.
4 Infection for 4 Before being disposed 4 Autoclave will kill High
medical waste of, all positive M. infectious agents and
workers, stocks, tuberculosis cultures denature the
and cultures. must be autoclaved. An proteins.
autoclave should be
accessible nearby or
inside the lab where
the M. tuberculosis
culture is carried out.
Figure 1.1. Quadrant Chart for risk assessment

Likelihood

1 2 3 4 Consequence

Legend :

Conseque
Risk Likelihood
nce
Risk of infection through aerosol 4 3

Risk of transmission of M. tuberculosis 4 4

Laboratory workload 3 3

Infection of medical waste 4 4

DISCUSSION :

Based on table 1.2, the risk could happen when such a bacteria called mycobacterium
tuberculosis was handled poorly while the experiment was running. As for examples, first the to
be said bacteria can even infect anyone that worked with them like the lab personnel if they are
not being extra careful when handling it. Next, these bacteria can easily spread from one to
another and will become more severe especially to some people that have immigrated from
risky areas or countries also boost up the exposure of the infections if the people that handling
the bacteria did not take all the preventive measures seriously and applied them while doing the
experiment such as wearing lab coats, hand gloves, medical face masks, and many more. This
is because the dangerous pathogen from the bacteria experimented will be released in the air if
it was the aerosols accidentally leaking if the sample is not being vortexed carefully then
disclosed to one of the laboratory tools and the laboratory workers will get into trouble to live as
usual as before. There are at least six measure effects, starting with code of practice, then
equipment, laboratory designs and facilities, health surveillances, training, and lastly waste
handling (Paleckyte et al., 2021). Furthermore, there is actually a plenty of laboratory rules that
we need to follow strictly in order to make sure the bacteria that we worked with did not harm us
in the future, like when laboratory workers or the students handling the contaminated wastes
from the experimented bacteria, make sure the wastes being autoclaved correctly and not
spread anywhere. In addition, always use laboratory latex gloves suitable with your hand sizes
and medical masks to fully prevent any unfortunate events like allergies or any diseases
involving harmful experimented materials used in the laboratory. Next, all the workers or
students that used the lab for an experiment inquired to always remind each other about rules in
the laboratory, especially all the protective measures that had been enforced while doing an
experiment. The reasons for all of these are because it was obtained that the diseases or
allergies caused by the bacteria took its time to notice or appear on someone’s body and they
rapidly spread to one another. If biological inconveniences happen while doing an experiment,
the very first important thing to do is to make sure to have strict and tight security and a proper
one towards the storages. The risk of the infected bacteria spreading in the air can be reduced
using this way, that is to take good care of the experimented bacteria like mycobacterium
tuberculosis, not to spill it everywhere and always wearing the protective measures to be said
above. All the biological inconvenience can be prevented by ensuring the cleanliness of the
laboratory to be in a very good state just after running the experiment. Emergency actions
should quickly be implemented in order to demolish biological threats and decrease the risk of
unfortunate events happening in the laboratory. Students and laboratory workers should be alert
towards all the established regulations, the do’s and don’ts in laboratory areas to preserve the
safety of theirs and others. Through this experiment, we were able to identify and implement
various kinds of biohazards and its safety.

CONCLUSION

Risks linked with the hazards are analyzed to see if they are acceptable or not so that
appropriate preventive measures could be put in place.

REFERENCES

Division of Tuberculosis Elimination. (2016, March 18). TB risk factors. Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved November 26, 2022, from
https://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/basics/risk.htm#:~:text=Close%20contacts%20of%20a%20person,
and%20persons%20with%20HIV%20infection

Paleckyte, A., Dissanayake, O., Mpagama, S., Lipman, M. C., & McHugh, T. D. (2021).
Reducing the risk of tuberculosis transmission for HCWs in high incidence settings.
Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 10(1), 106.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-021-00975-y
APPENDIX 1 : LIKELIHOOD, CONSEQUENCES AND RISK MATRICES

Likelihood Likelihood assessment definitions

4 Highly likely Is expected to occur in most circumstances
3 Likely Could occur in many circumstances
2 Unlikely Could occur in some circumstances
1 Highly unlikely May occur only in very rare circumstances

Consequences Consequence assessment definitions

Adverse health effects that are severe, widespread and irreversible.
4 Major Extensive damage to the environment or extensive biological and
physical disruption of whole ecosystems, communities or an entire
species that persists over time or is not readily reversible.
Adverse health effects that are irreversible.
3 Intermediate Damage to the environment or disruption to biological communities
that is widespread but reversible or of limited severity.
Adverse health effects that are reversible.
2 Minor Damage to the environment or disruption to biological communities
that is reversible and limited in time and space or numbers affected.
Minimal adverse health effects.
1 Marginal Minimal or no damage to the environment or disruption to biological
communities.

RISK ESTIMATE
LI 4 Highly likely Low Moderate High High
K
E 3 Likely Low Low Moderate High
LI 2 Unlikely Negligible Low Moderate Moderate
H
O
O 1 Highly unlikely Negligible Negligible Low Low
D
Marginal Minor Intermediate Major
1 2 3 4
CONSEQUENCE

Risk estimate Risk estimate definitions

Risk is unacceptable unless actions for mitigation are highly feasible
4 High
and effective.
Risk is of marked concern that will necessitate actions for mitigation
3 Moderate
that need to be demonstrated as effective.
Risk is minimal, but may invoke actions for mitigation beyond normal
2 Low
practices.
 Risk is insubstantial and there is no present need to invoke actions for
1 Negligible
mitigation.
Lab Report Rubric PRAC # 1

Exceeds Meet Below Mar Tot

Attribute
Expectations Expectations Expectations ks al
Marks 5 3 --> 4 0 --> 2
1. Punctuality Submitted early Submitted on Submitted late
Was the report submitted time
5
on time?

2. Hazard All information Most information Only some

characterisation sheet provided and provided and information
Is the sheet adequately correct correct provided 5
completed?

3. Risk identification > 3 risks correctly 1-3 risks correctly Risks were not
Did the student identify identified identified correctly
5
the risks associated with identified
the agent?
4. Risk assessment Well defined. Acceptable, Not well define.
Are the risks specific student is a bit Student is 5
and well defined? unsure unsure. x3

5. Likelihood evaluation Yes. Qualified by OK. Agreed. But No. Evaluation

Is the likelihood well good comments weak comments not well 5
evaluated? supported x3

6 Consequence Yes. Qualified by OK. Agreed. But No. Evaluation

evaluation good comments weak comments not well
5
Is the consequence well supported
x3
evaluated?

7. Risk level All assigned and Mostly assigned Few or none

Are the risk levels correct and correct assigned
correctly assigned based 5
on the matrix?

8. Discussion Results were Some attempts. No attempt to

Is a discussion included? well discussed. mainly discuss.
5
descriptive.

9. Conclusion Correct Conclusion is No conclusion/

Was a conclusion conclusion, provided, but not conclusion not
provided? related to the directly related to related to 5
objective the objective objective(s)

10. References Used proper Manually with No or

Is the report correctly software mistakes inadequate
5
cited? citation

SUM 80
 Bonus marks for nice design, attractive look, professional feel etc 20
10
TOTAL
0

Evaluated by :_________________________________________ Date :

________________________
GROUP : AS201 TEAM :

Practical 2 : Good Microbiological Practises

LEADER : Mohamad Faiz Bin Mohd Noh (2022782359)

Members : Nuramira Atiqah (2022758271)
: Nurin Syakirah Binti Sazalee (2022968477)
: Yusnurdalila Binti Dali (2022991343)

Date : 28 October 2022

Report writing :

This section was written by and reviewed by

Before you enter the Nurin Syakirah Binti
Lab : Sazalee (2022968477)

Upon entering the Nurin Syakirah Binti

lab : Sazalee (2022968477)

Working in the lab Yusnurdalila Binti Dali

: (2022991343)

Cleaning up after Nuramira Atiqah

you done : (2022758271)

Upon exiting the lab: Mohamad Faiz Bin

Mohd Noh
(2022782359)
BMS533 PRAC# 2 : Good Microbiological Practices (GMP)

Objective

To write set of GMPs for routine work in a BSL2 laboratory

Outcomes

1. Know - GMPs for work in a BSL2 laboratory

2. Know - What not to do in a BSL2 laboratory
3. Do - prepare a set of GMP guidelines for a BSL2 laboratory
4. Feel - confident and committed practicing GMPs

Introduction

GMPs are central to any biorisk management programs. Most of you should have been taught
the basic GMP when you are first introduced to the Microbiology Lab. For this session, we will
attempt to write a set of GMP guidelines for routine work in a BSL2 laboratory, where microbes
that can cause infections are routinely handled. The purpose is for everyone to be on the same
page, as different lecturers may have taught you slightly different versions of GMPs. We will do
this by considering the 'correct' actions to take from the moment you want to enter the lab to the
point you leave the lab.

Exercise

1. Watch the videos on “Good Laboratory Practises” P2A, P2B, P2C (all in 27 mins)

2. P2A is a quick introduction to good microbiological practices

P2B is a good and comprehensive guide to practices in a BSL2 lab. Make sure you
watch this.
P2C is fun, watch this and try to pick put the various things that were done wrong.

3. Select the best practices to take, guided by your tutor, and document all these as a set
of guidelines

4. Use the template below.

Present your report as a set of guidelines and submit this for marking.
GOOD MICROBIOLOGICAL PRACTICES
Applicable for a BSL2 laboratory and handling of Risk Group 2 organisms and below.

A. BEFORE YOU ENTER THE LAB

1. Leave all personal belongings like bags and others outside the lab.
2. Remove all the things away from both hands such as watches and jewelleries
including rings and many more.

DO NOT

1. Bring in your hand phone or any electronic devices.

2. Wear any kinds of shoes or sandals that are forbidden together with contact lens
to prevent any inconveniences that happen in the lab.

B. UPON ENTERING THE LAB

1. Put on your lab coat as soon as you enter the lab.

2. Put on disposable latex gloves suitable with hand size to prevent unfortunate
events.
3. Tidying up and fixing the hair.
4. Make sure all of the clothing accessories have been cleared away or secured
well.

DO NOT

1. Insist to not cover up your body with a lab coat while entering the lab area.
2. Damage or contaminate the experiment materials and result by not tidying up
hairs.

C. WORKING IN THE LAB

1. Make sure the workspace is free of clutter before starting the experiment.
2. Wipe down the space with a disinfectant like 70% ethanol or 10% bleach solution.
3. If accidentally come in contact with hazardous materials, use the sink, eyewash station,
safety shower, a fire blanket and a fire extinguisher.
4. Make sure to wash hands before and after working in the lab.
5. Make sure to know where the designated chemical waste accumulation are.
 6. Use the provided pen to correctly label your sample. On the containers, make sure to
write your initials, the date, the lab section, and the experiment.
7. Focus on your task and avoid spilling any chemicals.
8. If you spill any chemical reagent, notify your lab instructors right once and clean it up.
9. Use mechanical pipetting only in the lab.

DO NOT

1. Do not eat, drink, chew a gum or even apply makeup in the lab while working,
2. Use the mouth to pipette in the laboratory.
3. Use your personal items in the lab, such as pens or pencils.
4. Smell or taste any chemical agent.
5. Spill any chemical reagent.
6. Play with the lab equipment or chemical reagents.
7. Carrying out any unauthorized experiment or haphazardly combining chemical reagents.

D. CLEANING UP AFTER YOU ARE DONE

1. Remove, discard and destroy all materials properly.

2. Wash hands using antibacterial hand soap.
3. Clean and organize the working area.
4. Throw used gloves into the biohazard bin.

E. UPON EXITING THE LAB

1. Wash hands.
2. Keep the bench clean and organized.
3. Put away the lab coat or keep the lab coat in a bag.
4. Bring everything your belonging and do not leave it in the lab.
5. Remove and throw away your gloves in the biohazard bins.

REFERENCES
Homann, M. (2018, January 24). Lab safety rules: 5 things you need to
remember when working in a lab. Retrieved from labster.com:
https://www.labster.com/lab-safety-rules/
Lab Report Rubric PRAC # 2 (include this with your set of guidelines)

Attribute Exceeds Meet Expectations Below Marks

Expectations Expectations

Marks 5 3 1

1. Punctuality
Was the report submitted Submitted early Submitted on time Submitted late
on time?

2. Organization of
Guidelines Fully adhere to Mostly adhere to Not organized
Is the prescribed format format format
used?

3. Originality of
Guidelines Original, with Mostly written in own More than 50% of
Is the report original, or creative insights words, attempts to report was
are most parts duplicated summarise duplicated
from the manual? verbatim

4. How comprehensive is
section Full details for easy Details included, but Not enough details
“A. Before you enter compliance still some ambiguity
the Lab”

5. How comprehensive is
section Full details for easy Details included, but Not enough details
“B. Upon entering the compliance still some ambiguity
Lab”

6. How comprehensive is
section Full details for easy Details included, but Not enough details
“C. Working in the Lab” compliance still some ambiguity

7. How comprehensive
are sections Full details for easy Details included, but Not enough details
D & E. compliance still some ambiguity
 8. Is the language clear
Clear and easy to Clear, but still a bit of Not clear.
follow gray areas

9. Grammars, spellings
(per page) Few, less than 3 Three to 10 mistakes More than 10
mistakes mistakes

10. References
Are references correctly Used proper Manually with No or inadequate
cited? software mistakes citation

SUM (50)

Bonus marks for nice design, attractive look, professional feel (10)

TOTAL MARKS (60)

Evaluated by :_________________________________________ Date : ________________________

GROUP : AS201 TEAM :

Practical 3 : SOP for Biosafety Cabinet

LEADER : Mohammad Faiz Bin Mohd Noh (2022782359)
Members : Nuramira Atiqah (2022758271)
: Nurin Syakirah Binti Sazalee (2022968477)
: Yusnurdalila Binti Dali (2022991343)

Date :12 November 2022

Report writing :

This section was written by and reviewed by

Preparation : Yusnurdalila Binti Dali
(2022991343)

Before you switch Yusnurdalila Binti Dali

on the BSC : (2022991343)

Turn on the BSC & Nuramira Atiqah

turn off the BSC (2022758271)
: Nurin Syakirah Binti
Sazalee(202295477)

Personal Mohammad Faiz Bin

protective Mohd Noh
equipment (2022782359)
:
Clean up Nurin Syakirah Binti
: Sazalee
(2022958477)
BMS533 PRAC# 3 : SOP for Biosafety Cabinet

Objective

To draft SOP for the use of Type II Biosafety Cabinets

Outcomes

1. Know - the various types of Biosafety Cabinets

2. Know - how to use a Biosafety Cabinet correctly
3. Do - prepare a set of guidelines for using Biosafety Cabinets
4. Feel - confident in using Biosafety Cabinets to carry out work of hazardous nature

SOPs

An SOP is a set of instructions or steps someone follows to complete a job safely, with no
adverse impact on animals or the environment, and maximizes operational and production
requirements.

Tips for writing an SOP

In this exercise you will write a simple SOP. Follow these tips and principles :

Tip 1 : Begin each step with a single action verb e.g. “Open”

Tip 2 : Keep each step simple

Tip 3 : Identify the person who will perform the step

Tip 4 : Use quantitative information e.g. 5 ml

Tip 5 : List multiple objects

Tip 6 : Emphasize important information e.g. bold, italics or underline

Tip 7 : Most importantly, think like the USER

Tip8 : Use Behavioral Observation data (BODs) to monitor compliance

Exercise

1. Watch video P3A on the various types of Biosafety Cabinets and how they function. The
video also shows the procedures for working safely in a BSC.
Watch video P3B for another quick guide on the procedures for working in a BSC.
2. After the videos, discuss with your friends, summarize what you have learned and write
an SOP for the use of Class II Biosafety Cabinets.

Use the template below. Submit the guidelines as your report.

You may google for a copy of SOP, and follow the procedures. But DO NOT copy verbatim.

And you must also acknowledge the source of the SOP by proper citation and inclusion in your
reference.

_________________________________________________________________________________

SOP for Use of Type II Biological Safety Cabinets

This SOP is intended for personnel working with biological

materials
____________________________________________________________________________

1.0 Procedures

A. Preparation
1. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment like:
a. Gloves
b. Lab Coat
c. Long pants
d. Eye protections
e. Full covering shoes
2. Prepare your lab protocols and Standard Operating Procedures.
3. Considerably plan your experiments.
4. Make sure all the materials and equipment needed for the work are sufficient.
B. Before you switch on the BSC
1. Check that the BSC is certified for use, and certification is not expired.
2. Check that the UV lights are turned off if they are in use. Ascertain that the sash is in the
proper position.
3. Compare the pressure value reading on the magnehelic gauge to the certification tag.
4. When the reading is equal to or less than 10%, BSC is safe to use.
5. If it is less than 10%, the HEPA filter may be damaged, rendering the BSC unsafe to use.
6. If it is greater than 10%, there is a chance that the HEPA filter will become clogged.
7. If the BSC is unsafe to use, notify the supervisor and post a warning sign.

C. Turn on the BSC.....

1. Switch the UV light off and switch the white light on as well as turn on the motor.
2. Before starting work, let the blower run for 15 minutes to let the air circulate completely
and clear out any contaminants.
3. Next, disinfect the cabinet inner surfaces. Spray all of the inside surfaces, allow the
necessary amount of time for contact and then wipe.
4. Disinfect all cleaning and spill-response supplies while the cabinet is being cleaned or
disinfected.
5. Decontaminate the surface each time before placing the materials in the cabinet.
6. Position the workspace inside the cabinet at least six inches. Put the materials in easy
reach and stand in a way that prevents hands from crossing.
7. Establish designated spaces for clean and waste products, and position contaminated
goods at the back of the cabinet.
8. Spray the ethanol on the gloves.
9. After the work is finished, take the things out of the cabinet and use 70% ethanol to clean
the surfaces.
10. Switch off the motor.

D. Turn off the BSC.....

1. Any open vessels were closed carefully after completing all work.

2. The outside of all materials was wiped down before removing them from the cabinet. The
outer pair of gloves were removed if wearing the double gloves otherwise the hands were
disinfected before exiting the BSC.

3. Next, the interior surfaces of the cabinet are being decontaminated. All remaining wastes
were collected then the bag was sealed and the exterior was sprayed to disinfect before
removing from the cabinet.
4. A final cleaning of all interior surfaces was performed just after returning from the cabinet.

5. To ensure full disinfection of the cabinet, the cabinet was wiped in a singular direction
overlapping each wipe.

6. The sash was shut before leaving the BSC.

7. Lab conco BSC can be programmed to automatically turn on night smart the UV light or
both. Night smart is an energy efficient mode that purges the work area with clean air between
uses. If enabled, the UV light will turn on for a duration that you can select. Caution should be
exercised when using UV light for disinfection of the cabinet.

2.0 Biosafety

A. Personal Protective Equipment

1. For procedures in which microorganisms or other hazardous materials may be splashed,

protective eyewear must be worn.
2. When working with materials or coming into contact with potentially contaminated
surfaces or equipment, gloves must be worn. Wearing two pairs of gloves may be
necessary.
3. To avoid contamination or soiling of street clothes, laboratory coats, gowns, or uniforms
should be worn.
4. Shoes with closed toes and backs are required.

B. Clean up

1. Before exiting the cabinet and removing the items, the air from contaminants being purged
and waited 5 minutes once the work inside the biosafety cabinet is completed.

2. The gloves were removed and replaced with a new pair after exiting the cabinet. Before
removal, all of the items inside the biosafety cabinet were surfaced and decontaminated.

3. First, the samples that need to be placed in incubators, refrigerators, or freezers were
removed.

4. If using a corrosive disinfectant, remove any residue with a wipe of 70% ethanol afterward.
Gather any waste in a biohazard bag and store it inside a cabinet.
5. When handling biological materials inside the BSC, any spills should be reported and
documented using the "Accident & Incident Reporting" logbook. The lab director in charge
should be notified, and the relevant SOP should be followed.

6. Close the drain valve on the cabinet's bottom, and then cover the spill with paper towels or
any other absorbent material. Directly apply the disinfectant to the absorbent material. All
materials and used paper towels should be placed in an autoclave bag inside the cabinet using
thongs. Use forceps to pick up any broken glass or sharps and place them in a
puncture-resistant container.

7. If there is a spill in the lower tray, lift the work surface and flood the tray with disinfectant.
Remove the work surface and all associated parts, spray them with disinfectants and wipe down
and reinstall all parts.

8. To ensure the safety of additional workers, mop the floor dry after a water spill.

9. To get rid of contaminants inside the cabinet, run the blower for five minutes without doing
anything. Check and correct the water level in the steam exit container as needed.

If spill is large or unmanageable waste, notify others working in the lab nearby and report the
spill to the laboratory P.I or contact Environmental Health and Safety Department Universiti
Teknologi Mara Cawangan negeri Sembilan.

3.0 Responsibility

3.1 Supervising personnel

● To ensure that the laboratory personnel performing these tasks are trained appropriately
and that proper procedures are followed.
3.2 Laboratory personnel
● To accurately record all required data and results.
3.3 Laboratory personnel
● To document any deviation from these procedures, and consult supervising personnel on
the matter.
3.4 Laboratory personnel
● To check the biosafety cabinet certification date.
● To perform documentation as a necessary part of good practices which document any
deviation from experimental procedures.
 3.5 Laboratory personnel
● To ensure maximum protection using a Biosafety cabinet by always keeping the
biosafety cabinet decontaminated using suitable disinfectant after completing work.
3.6 Laboratory personnel
● To check nearby doors or supply vents to determine whether they disrupt the cabinet’s
airflow
● To notify the laboratory supervisor if the biosafety cabinet needs repair or not working
properly
3.7 Qualified technician
● To ensure the Biosafety cabinet is in a good condition and repairs it if it is not working
properly

4.0 Reference

NuAire. (2015). Biosafety-cabinet-tips-cleaning-up-a-spill. NuAire. Retrieved November

26, 2022, from
https://www.nuaire.com/resources/biosafety-cabinet-tips-cleaning-up-a-spill#:~:text=Spills
%20within%20the%20biosafety%20cabinet,dampened%20with%20an%20appropriate%2
0disinfectant

Vadnais, D. (2015). (rep.). Standard Operating Procedure for Biosafety Cabinet Use (pp.
1–5). North Bay, Canada: Nipsing University.
Lab Report Rubric PRAC # 3 (include this with your SOP)

Attribute Exceeds Meet Below Marks

Expectations Expectations Expectations

Marks 5 3 1

1. Punctuality
Was the report Submitted early Submitted on Submitted late
submitted on time? time

2. Organization of
SOP Fully adhere to Mostly adhere to Not organized
Is the prescribed format format
format used?

3. Originality of SOP
Is the report original, Original, with Mostly written in More than 50%
or are most parts creative insights own words, of report was
duplicated from the attempts to duplicated
manual? summarise verbatim

4. Is the SOP detail

enough Full details for Details included, Not enough
easy compliance but still some details
ambiguity

Is the SOP easy to

follow Yes. Clear and OK. A few steps No. Cannot
without ambiguity can be made follow
more clear

Every step starts

with a proper verb? Yes. Really helps A few steps are No.
user to focus vague
 5. Is the language
clear Clear and easy to Clear, but still a Not clear.
follow bit of gray areas

6. Are BODs included

Included and well Included, but Not inlcuded
placed placed at less
useful steps

7. Grammars,
spellings Few, less than 3 Three to 10 More than 10
(per page) mistakes mistakes mistakes

8. References
Are references Used proper Manually with No or
correctly cited? software mistakes inadequate
citation

SUM(50)

Bonus marks for nice design, attractive look, professional feel (10)

TOTAL MARKS (60)

Evaluated by :_________________________________________ Date :

________________________
GROUP : AS201 TEAM :

Practical 4 : Donning and Doffing PPEs

LEADER : Mohammad Faiz Bin Mohd Noh (2022782359)
Members : Nuramira Atiqah (2022758271)
: Nurin Syakirah Binti Sazalee (2022968477)
: Yusnurdalila Binti Dali (2022991343)

Date : 23 November 2022

Report writing :

This section was written by and reviewed by

Donning : 1. Nurin
Syakirah Binti
Sazalee
(2022968477)
2. Yusnurdalila
Binti Dali
(2022991343)

Doffing 1. Mohammad
Faiz Bin Mohd
Noh
(2022782359)
2. Nuramira
Atiqah
(2022758271)
Objective

To don and doff standard PPE safely

Outcomes

I. Know - the need to don and doff safely

II. Know - how to don and doff basic PPE safely
III. Do - don and doff basic PPE the correct and safe way
IV. Feel - confident in using PPE

Exercise
1. Watch the videos on donning and doffing – P4A, P4B, P4C and P4D
2. P4A is a good introduction for basic donning and doffing for the lab.
P4B is an extended version which is recommended by the MOH for frontliners that
will be handling potential Covid-19 patients
P4C is on the proper way to put-on and remove gloves. You MUST watch this.
P4D is on the correct way to wear and fit-test an N95 mask. You MUST watch this.
3. Following the instructions in the video P4A, design a poster donning and doffing of
PPEs for a BSL2 laboratory.
You can split donning / doffing to two posters if you want more space.

Use Powerpoint to create the poster of at least A3 size. Submit the poster together with this
report.
Also take snapshots of the poster at A4 size and append the images below :
POSTER FOR PPE DONNING AND DOFFING
Lab Report Rubric PRAC # 4 (include this with your poster)

Exceeds Meet Below Mar

Attribute
Expectations Expectations Expectations ks
Marks 5 3 1
1. Punctuality Submitted early Submitted on Submitted late
Was the report submitted time
on time?

2. Organization of poster Well presented Pleasant and Not organized

Is the prescribed format and attractive might get people
used? to read

3. Originality of poster Original, with Mostly written in More than 50%

Is the report original, or creative insights own words, of report was
are most parts duplicated attempts to duplicated
from the manual? summarise verbatim

4. Is the poster detail Full details for Details included, Not enough
enough easy compliance but still some details
ambiguity

5. Is the language clear Clear and easy to Clear, but still a Not clear.
follow bit of gray areas

6. Are the procedures All correctly One mistake More than one
correct shown mistake
X2
7. Is the sequence of All correctly One mistake More than one
action correct shown mistake
X2
8. Grammars, spellings Few, less than 3 Three to 10 More than 10
(per page) mistakes mistakes mistakes

SUM(50)
Bonus marks for nice design, attractive look, professional feel (30)
TOTAL MARKS (80)

Evaluated by :_________________________________________ Date :

________________________
PRACTCAL REPORTS ASSESSMENT

PRACTICAL # Marks Full marks

1 100
2 60
3 60
4 80
Total 300

% FINAL 20%
 DONNING
A procedures when after putting on each item, starting with the
gloves, eyes or facial protection, gown, and mask, hand hygiene
must be conducted.

LAB
Donning: Comprises
BIOSAFETY
putting on necessary
clothing in correct
Considered a highly
sequences (Hand
important step in limiting
hygiene, gown, gloves,
exposure to pathogens.
mask, eye & face
protection).

Happiness is an emotional
state that is characterized
with the feelings of joy,
satisfaction, and fulfilment

N95 MASK
GLOVES DONNING DONNING
AND SEAL
Perform hand hygiene before
1. Reform hand hygiene CHECK putting on mask
2. Don gloves by pulling Choose the correct size of the
mask and ensure there is no
each glove over the hard defects
& extending the cuff of
the gloves over the Hold the N95 in palm with
nosepiece at fingertips, hang head
sleeves of the gown. straps freely below hands

Hold the N95 in palm with

nosepiece at fingertips, hang head
ING straps freely below hands
NN
DO
OF
EP
ST PERSONAL 1. Remove all personal items like jewelry, watches or pens.
2. Wear a scrub suit in changing room including protection shoes
PROTECTION covers or medical clog and cap
EQUIPMENT 3. Perform handrub.
4. Wear apairs of boots cover.
(PPE) 5. Perform handrub
6. Put on surgical N95 mask.
7. Wear head cover from chin upwards.
8. Put on eyes protection such as face shield or googles and adjust
it to fit comfortably.
9. Wear an isolation gown which is fluid resistant and long sleeves.
10. Put a pairs of gloves.

Group 6
 DOFFING
A procedures when after taking off each tem, starting with the
gloves, eyes or facial protection, gown, and mask, hand hygiene
must be conducted.

LAB
BIOSAFETY Remove goggles or face
shield from the back by
Removes gloves and make lifting head band or ear
sure no contamination on pieces.
glove removal.

Remove mask or
Remove lab coat and
respirator.
dispose in biohazard bin.

After all PPE is removed,

Wash hands using soap
wash hands immediately
for 20 minutes.
using soap for 20 minutes.

GLOVES DOFFING

1. Pull and loosen one of 3. Slide two fingers inside

the glove at the cuff and remove the
fingertips. glove.

2. Use the hand in 4. After remove the

loosened glove to pull gloves, always remember
another glove fingertips to wash your hand with
to remove the gloves. soap and water.

PERSONAL 1. Remove shoe covers (if

PROTECTION applicable) 2. Remove gown and gloves
together
EQUIPMENT
3. Perform hand hygiene
(PPE) 4. Remove eye protection (if
applicable)
5. Remove mask/respirator (if
applicable) 6. Perform hand hygiene

Group 6