Introduction To BC558 - The Engineering Projects

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Electronic Components
Introduction to BC558
Hello Everyone! Happy to see you here. I welcome you on board. In this post
today, I’ll be discussing the Introduction to BC558. BC558 is a bipolar
junction transistor used for amplification and switching purposes. It belongs
to the PNP transistor family and is available in a TO-92 package. It contains
collector current 100mA, indicating it can drive load under 100mA. I've
previously detailed the Introduction to BC640 & BC327. I suggest you read
this entire post as I will cover a complete introduction to BC558 explaining
pinout, working, power ratings, physical dimensions, datasheet, and
t L
applications of BC558. Let’s jump right in. Continue reading.
Introduction to BC558
BC558 is a PNP bipolar junction transistor mainly used for switching and
amplification purpose.
It is made up of three terminals called collector, base, and emitter. All
these terminals are different in terms of size, functions, and doping
concentrations.
The small current change at the base side is used to induce large current
change across other terminals. This phenomenon is used for amplification
purposes.
BC558 is composed of three layers where one is an n-doped layer and
others are p-doped layers. The n-doped layer is sandwiched between two
p-doped layers.
Both electrons and holes play a crucial rule for the transistor conductivity
because here in the case of PNP transistor holes are majority carriers in
contrast to NPN transistors where electrons are majority carriers.
BC558 is also known as a current-controlled device where small current at
the base terminal produces a large current change across the remaining
terminals.
This PNP transistor encompasses amplification factors ranging from 110
to 800. This factor actually predicts the amplification capability of the
transistor. Simply put, it defines the capacity of the transistor it can amplify
the input signal.
BC558 is composed of silicon material and comes in a TO-92 package.
BC558 is composed of silicon material and comes in a TO-92 package.
The peak collector current is recorded 200mA that makes it a suitable pick
for the amplification purpose.
BC558 Datasheet
While working with the electronic component, it’s wise to look at the
datasheet that helps you better understand the main characteristic of the
component. Click below to download the datasheet of BC558.
BC558 Pinout
BC558 contains three pins named:
1: Collector
2: Base
3: Emitter
As this is a PNP transistor, here current flows from emitter to collector as

opposed to NPN transistors where current flows from the collector to emitter.
And in both cases, the base terminal is the component that plays a vital
role in the overall transistor action.
The following figure shows the pinout of BC558.

:
In this case of PNP transistor, the base terminal controls the number of
holes in contrast to the NPN transistor where it controls the number of
electrons.
And base terminal is negative in PNP transistors where it's positive in NPN
transistors.
BC558 Working Principle

When there is no current at the base side, both emitter and collector will
be closed and the transistor is turned ON, indicating the forward-biased
mode of the transistor.
And when there is current at the base terminal both emitter and collector
will remain opened indicating reverse biased mode of the transistor.
:
The base terminal controls the conductivity of the transistor while the
emitter terminal carries the whole current of the transistor.
The emitter terminal is highly doped as compared to the other two
terminals. The base is negative while both emitter and collector are
positive.
BC558 Power Ratings

The following table represents the absolute maximum ratings of the BC558
transistors.
Absolute Maximum Ratings BC558
No. Rating Symbol Value Unit
1 Collector-Emitter Voltage Vce 80 V
2 Collector-Base Voltage Vcb 80 V
3 Emitter-Base Voltage Veb 5 V
4 Collector Current Ic 100 mA
5 Collector Peak Current Icm 200 mA
6 Power Dissipation Ptot 500 mW

:
7 Storage Temperature Tstg 150 C
These are the stress ratings. Before you install this component in your
project, make sure these ratings don’t exceed the recommended ratings,
else they can severely affect the overall working of the component and in
the worst cases, can damage the entire project.
Plus, if these ratings are applied for an extended time, the device reliability
can be severely damaged.
Difference between PNP and NPN transistors

Both transistors almost operate similarly with few exceptions. The voltage
polarities and current directions will be reversed.
In NPN transistor current flows from collector to emitter and from emitter to
collector in case of PNP transistor. And holes are the majority charge
carriers in PNP transistors and electrons are major charge carriers in the
NPN transistors.
And in both cases, the base terminal is responsible for the transistor
:
And in both cases, the base terminal is responsible for the transistor
conductivity i.e. it controls the number of electrons in case of NPN
transistor and the number of holes in the case of PNP transistors.
It is important to mention NPN are preferred over PNP transistors for
amplification purpose because the mobility of electrons is far better and
quicker than the movement of holes in PNP transistors.
In some cases, however, both are incorporated into a single project to

attain amplification.
BC558 Alternatives
The following are a few alternatives to the BC558 transistor.
TIP127
BC157
2N3906
BC556
BD140
2SA1943
S8550
TIP42
Before you incorporate these alternatives into your projects, pay careful heed
to the pinout of these alternative transistors, as it’s possible the pinout of the
alternatives may differ from the BC558 pinout.
BC558 Applications
The following are some applications of BC558:
Used for amplification and switching purposes.
Used to control motor.
Employed for impedance buffering.
Employed to drive loads under 100mA.
:
Employed to drive loads under 100mA.
Incorporated in robotics and instrumentation projects.
Used in H- Bridge circuits and current mirror circuits.
Used for constructing Astable bistable and Bistable multivibrators.
Used in comparator and oscillator circuits.
BC558 Physical dimensions

The following figure shows the physical dimensions of the BC558 transistor.
I hope you understand what is BC558 transistor and why it is used for. If you
are unsure or have any question in your mind, you can leave your comment
:
are unsure or have any question in your mind, you can leave your comment
in the section below, I’ll help you out with the best of my knowledge. Feel
free to keep us updated with your valuable suggestions and feedback, they
prove handy and help us create quality work as per your requirements.
Thank you for reading this article.
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THE ENGINEERING PROJECTS

HOME BL OG ELECTRO NIC CO MPON EN TS INTRODUCTION TO BC558

As this is a PNP transistor, here current flows from emitter to collector as

The following figure shows the pinout of BC558.

BC558 Working Principle

BC558 Power Ratings

No. Rating Symbol Value Unit

1 Collector-Emitter Voltage Vce 80 V

2 Collector-Base Voltage Vcb 80 V

3 Emitter-Base Voltage Veb 5 V

4 Collector Current Ic 100 mA

5 Collector Peak Current Icm 200 mA

6 Power Dissipation Ptot 500 mW

Difference between PNP and NPN transistors

In some cases, however, both are incorporated into a single project to

BC558 Physical dimensions

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How to Get PCB Cash Coupon from JLCPCB: https://bit.ly/2GMCH9w

Syed Zain Nasir

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