Collectors Guide To Modern Commemoratives - Littleton Coin ...

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L I T T L E TO N ’S
COLLECTORS GUIDE TO
MODERN COMMEMORATIVES
Collectors Guide from

Littleton Coin Company
With the release of the George Washington

commemorative half in 1982, a new era in
U.S. coinage began. This 90% silver coin
celebrated the 250th anniversary of his
birth, and marked the first new
commemorative since 1954.
Washington leading the troops
during the Battle of Princeton
Modern Commemorative Coins
Dear Collector,
Modern U.S. Commemoratives are pure
Americana. That’s because these special coins
are created to honor our country’s historic
events, famous people, important buildings,
anniversaries and more. While each coin is legal
tender, every design is different and has its own
David M. Sundman story to tell. Hold one in your hand, and you’re
LCC President holding a coin rich in historical significance.
From 1982 to date… modern commemoratives

reflect the fabric of American life
Whether it’s the very first modern commemorative – the 1982
George Washington half dollar, or the 2009 Abraham Lincoln
dollar, each beautiful clad, silver or gold coin displays images
representing the special occasion they honor. Their designs
recall bicentennials, baseball legends, and events that make up
the very fabric of our American life.
Have a plan for your collection

Littleton makes collecting commemoratives fun and easy, but
it’s always good to have a plan. There are many ways to build
a set of modern commemoratives. Some choose to collect the
silver and clad halves or dollar issues in chronological order,
while others, with a larger budget, choose the gold coins. And
still others collect by topic: the Olympics, buildings, ships,
history and many other themes. In addition, many round out
their sets with news clippings, folders, and different materials
associated with the event that inspired the coin. As you can
see, it’s rewarding and fun to build a modern U.S. commemorative
collection. That’s because there are no strict rules; the grades,
compositions, designs and dates are based on your choices and
are as individual as you.
Most collectors are drawn to the hobby of coin collecting
because it offers history, art, challenge of completion, and
fellowship. Whatever your interest or experience, I hope you’ll
find our modern U.S. commemorative coin collectors booklet a
fun, useful, and educational guide.
Sincerely,
David M. Sundman
President
2
Introduction • Table of Contents
Introduction to
I n 1982, after an absence of 28 years,
the U.S. Mint once again began to strike
commemoratives. Its first official coin
was the 90% silver Washington half dollar,
honoring the 250th anniversary of his
birth. This special issue began the modern
U.S. commemorative era. Since then, at
least one issue per year has been released.
A tradition started in
The George Washington
half dollar launched the ancient times lives on
modern commemorative era America's modern commemoratives follow a
custom that began in ancient times. Back
then, coins honored famous battles, leaders,
cities, events and more. And our very first
federally issued U.S. commemorative of
1892 followed that tradition. It was a silver
half dollar celebrating the 1893 World’s
Columbian Exposition.
Today commemoratives are struck in gold,
silver, and more recently, clad. Authorized by
America’s first commemorative Congress, they are minted in small numbers
was the World’s Columbian
Exposition silver half dollar for a limited time. Although these official
U.S. Mint issues are legal tender, they aren’t
struck for circulation, and shouldn’t be
confused with so-called “commemoratives”
produced by private organizations; those are
medals, not coins.
The past lives again
Commemoratives capture historical events
and remind us of our heritage. Inside this
Did you know? collectors guide, you’ll find information about
The Statehood and D.C. & the modern U.S. commemorative series. It is
U.S. Territories quarters are arranged chronologically with half dollars
circulating commemoratives. and silver dollars first, followed by the gold
These coins brought millions coins. Beyond a few basics, commemoratives
of new collectors to the hobby,
and created interest in
offer you an almost limitless variety of ways
modern commemoratives. to form your collection and will bring you a
lifetime of enjoyment!
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction to Coin Collecting .....3 Gold Commemoratives
1980s ....................................23 - 24
Clad & Silver Half Dollars
and Dollars 1990s ....................................25 - 29
1980s ........................................4 - 6 2000s ....................................29 - 31
1990s ......................................6 - 16 Caring for Your Coins ..................31
2000s ....................................16 - 22
3
1982 George Washington 250th

Anniversary of Birth Half Dollar
As the first U.S. commemorative since 1954, this
half dollar honored the 250th anniversary of
Washington’s birth. It launched the modern
commemorative era, and also marked the first
time since 1964 a U.S. coin was struck in 90%
silver. Chief Engraver Elizabeth Jones based her
obverse (front) design on American artist
Composition: 90% silver
Rembrandt Peale’s circa 1820s painting of
Mints: Denver &
San Francisco Washington on horseback.
1983 Los Angeles Olympiad

Silver Dollar
Interestingly, this 1983 Olympic coin was the
first commemorative silver dollar since 1900.
Issued to help support American athletes and
honor the 1984 Los Angeles Summer Olympic
games, it features a discus thrower outlined in
three layers, giving the image movement. Composition: 90% silver
Mints: Philadelphia, Denver
& San Francisco
1984 Los Angeles Olympiad

Silver Dollar
Sculptor Robert Graham created the bronze statues
in front of the Los Angeles coliseum for the 1984
Olympics. Based on the nude forms of a male water
polo player and female long jumper, the statues
celebrated the ideal body, but were headless and
Composition: 90% silver footless. When a similar design was used on this
& San Francisco
coin, it became one of the most controversial
commemoratives ever.
Titled Washington Before

Yorktown, artist Rembrandt Peale In 1984, the L.A. coliseum
created this painting about 1823 became the first stadium ever to
be used for opening ceremonies
Discus was an Olympic sport in

Los Angeles
ancient Greece. Athletes were

judged on their rhythm & precision.
4
Clad & Silver Half Dollars & Dollars
1986 Statue of Liberty

Centennial Half Dollar
& Silver Dollar
Both coins feature a version of
the Statue of Liberty. Originally in
1886, when the Statue of Liberty was
unveiled, it was the largest free-standing statue
in the world. At its century mark in 1986, the
Composition: Clad half dollar Statue of Liberty needed repairs, and sales of
90% silver dollar
these coins helped restore it. The half dollar was
& San Francisco the first clad U.S. commemorative ever issued.
1987 U.S. Constitution Bicentennial

Silver Dollar
Struck on July 1, 1987, this silver dollar celebrated
the 200th anniversary of the Constitution. Displayed
prominently on the obverse is a quill pen, sheaf of
parchment and the words WE THE PEOPLE, recalling the
original document, handwritten on 4 sheets of paper.
The reverse shows a group of people, representing our
nation’s ethnic diversity, from various periods in history. Composition: 90% silver
Mints: Philadelphia &
San Francisco
1988 Seoul Olympiad Silver Dollar

Struck to honor the 1988 Summer Olympics in
Seoul, South Korea, this silver dollar shows Lady
Liberty’s torch lighting the Olympic torch of free
competition. These would be the last games that
the Soviet Union and East Germany participated
in – both ceased to exist by the next Olympics.
Mints: Denver &
San Francisco
The U.S. Constitution has
4,440 words and is one of
the world’s oldest constitutions
During the Seoul Olympics,

Called Liberty Enlightening the World U.S. diver Greg Louganis hit
by its creator, the French sculptor his head on the diving board,
Bartholdi, the statue is known as the but went on to win gold
Statue of Liberty to most Americans
5
1989 Congress Bicentennial

Half Dollar & Silver Dollar
Both coins feature the Statue of Freedom,
which graces the top of the U.S. Capitol
dome. Issued to mark the 200th
anniversary of the first Congressional
legislative meeting, the sales helped
preserve the Capitol building and pay
down national debt. Freedom wears a
helmet decorated with stars and topped
Composition: Clad half dollar with an eagle’s head and crest of feathers.
90% silver dollar
Mints: Denver & San Francisco
1990 Eisenhower Centennial

Silver Dollar
This is the only U.S. coin to feature 2 portraits of
the same person on the same side. Authorized by
President Reagan in 1988, this silver dollar honors
the 100th anniversary of General Dwight “Ike”
Eisenhower’s birth. The profile of an older “Ike” is
superimposed over his youthful image as Supreme Composition: 90% silver
Commander of Allied Forces in Europe during WWII. Mints: Philadelphia &
West Point
1991 Mount Rushmore

Golden Anniversary
The Mount Rushmore Memorial opened
in 1941, after more than 14 years of work.
These coins marked the 50th anniversary,
and their sales helped preserve it. Located
in South Dakota’s Black Hills, the granite sculpture
Composition: Clad half dollar shows the faces of Washington, Jefferson, Lincoln &
90% silver dollar Teddy Roosevelt, representing 150 years of U.S. history.
& San Francisco
Eisenhower was a 5-star general

whose military career spanned
more than 4 decades
Each face, from the chin to

The Capitol dome’s statue faces the top of the head, spans
East, symbolizing that the sun 60 ft., and is as tall as the
never sets on freedom Great Sphinx of Egypt
6
1991 Korean War Memorial

Silver Dollar
Struck to honor Korean War veterans, this silver
dollar marks the 38th anniversary of the war’s
end. Its sales helped fund the Korean War
Memorial in Washington, D.C. Along with a
soldier and naval ships, the obverse also shows
the F-86 Sabre jet, renowned for its air superiority
Composition: 90% silver against the Soviet MiGs during the war.
Mints: Philadelphia & Denver
1991 United Service Organizations

Silver Dollar
This silver dollar debuted during the Desert Storm
Victory parade in June 1991. The U.S.O. float
featured a performance members of the military might
enjoy overseas, and carried a 10-foot replica of the
coin. The U.S.O. supports the military and their
families, offering them a “home away from home.” Composition: 90% silver
Mints: Denver &
San Francisco
1992 XXV Olympiad

Issued to celebrate the 25th
Summer & Winter Olympics and
help fund U.S. athletes’ training, the
half dollar shows a gymnast in motion
and the silver dollar features a pitcher
Composition: Clad half dollar
winding up. Plus, the Denver dollars, with
90% silver dollar XXV OLYMPIAD, are the first coins with edge
Mints: Philadelphia, Denver lettering since 1933.
& San Francisco
19 statues representing
soldiers on patrol are part of Many believe the pitcher on
the Korean War Memorial the 1992 Olympic silver dollar
is Hall of Famer Nolan Ryan
In 1941, the U.S.O. was created in

response to Franklin D. Roosevelt’s
challenge to boost the morale of
members of the armed forces
7
1992 White House 200th Anniversary

Silver Dollar
In 1792, the White House’s cornerstone was laid,
and this coin celebrated that iconic building’s 200th
anniversary. Designed by architect James Hoban,
the White House has served as the U.S. president’s
residence since 1800. George Washington oversaw
its construction, but did not live in it – that honor
went to John Adams, our second president.
Mints: Denver & West Point
1992 Christopher Columbus Quincentenary

These coins mark the 500th anniversary
of the discovery of the New World by
Christopher Columbus. They recall the
age before computers when compass
and astrolabe guided the wooden Composition:
ships – Nina, Pinta & Santa Maria. Clad half dollar
Although Columbus is somewhat 90% silver dollar
controversial, his discoveries changed Mints: Philadelphia,
Denver
the course of history. San Francisco
1993 Bill of Rights

Many delegates to the Constitutional
Convention demanded a document that
protected the individual’s and the state’s
basic rights before they would ratify the
constitution. So, George Washington urged
the first United States Congress to adopt
Composition: 90% silver half dollar amendments protecting individual rights, and by
90% silver dollar December 1791, the first 10 amendments became the
Mints: West Point, Denver Bill of Rights. These coins honor this historic document.
& San Francisco
The north portico of the White House, the president’s James Madison, the
front door, is shown on the obverse. As you can see father of the Bill of Rights,
from architect James Hoban’s circa 1792 drawing, it is featured on both
hasn’t changed much in over two centuries. 1993 coins
Columbus bids the Queen of Spain

farewell before setting sail,
in this 1890s print
8
1991-1995 50th Anniversary of WWII

Struck in 1993, these coins honored the U.S.
involvement in WWII and helped finance
the WWII Memorial in Washington, D.C.
Authorized in 1993, construction began
on the memorial in 2001, and it
opened in April 2004. The half dollar
Composition: obverse shows the B-17 Flying Fortress
Clad half dollar above “V” for victory and members of
90% silver dollar the armed forces, while the dollar
Mints: Philadelphia,
Denver, & West Point depicts a D Day landing at Normandy.
1993 (1994) Thomas Jefferson

Silver Dollar
The 250th anniversary of Thomas Jefferson’s birth
in 1993 prompted the authorization of this silver
dollar, but it was not struck until 1994. Jefferson
was only 33 when he wrote the first draft of the
Declaration of Independence. His portrait, on the
obverse, is based on an 1805 painting by Gilbert
Stuart, and the reverse shows the 43-room
Monticello (meaning “Little Mountain” in Italian). Composition: 90% silver
o Mints: Philadelphia & San Francisco
1994 World Cup Tournament

In 1994, the United States hosted
the 15th FIFA World Cup Soccer
Tournament. This marked the first
time in history the event had been
held outside Europe or South
America. With 24 different teams
participating, the event had the highest
Composition: Clad half dollar
90% silver dollar attendance in World Cup history. These
Mints: Philadelphia, Denver, & San Francisco coins commemorate that tournament.
ts, Construction began on

Monticello in 1769. Later, Jefferson
remodeled and enlarged it.
The World Cup for soccer is

AudeVivere
one of the most sought-after

trophies in the world
The WWII Memorial honors the
more than 16 million veterans
who served in this conflict 9
1994 Vietnam Veterans Memorial
Silver Dollar
Known as The Wall, the Vietnam Veterans Memorial
recognizes more than 58,000 men and women who
died during that war, or are still missing. The Wall is
made out of two sections of highly polished black
granite, each over 240 feet long, and rises 10.1 feet at
its tallest point. A portion is shown on this coin with
the Washington Monument in the background.

Mints: Philadelphia & West Point
1994 U.S. Prisoner of War Museum

Silver Dollar
Issued to help fund the National Prisoner of War
Museum, which pays tribute to the hardships and
sacrifices of all U.S. prisoners of war, this silver dollar
was designed by Tom Nielson, a former POW. The
museum located in Andersonville, GA, was once the Composition: 90% silver
site of a Civil War POW camp, and is part of Mints: Philadelphia & West Point
Andersonville National Historic Site.
1994 Women in Military Service Memorial

Silver Dollar
The first major memorial in the nation’s history to honor
women in the military was funded in part by sales of this
commemorative. Located at the Ceremonial Entrance to
Arlington National Cemetery, the memorial pays tribute
to all servicewomen, from the Revolutionary War to the
present. It opened in 1997.
Mints: Philadelphia &
West Point Andersonville Prison Camp was
once the Confederates’ largest
POW camp during the Civil War
Names on the Vietnam The Hemicycle, which is part of the Women

Veterans Memorial are in Military Service Memorial, is shown on
arranged chronologically the reverse of the silver dollar
by date of casualty
10
1994 U.S. Capitol Bicentennial

Silver Dollar
Authorized in 1993, this coin celebrates the 200th
anniversary of the U.S. Capitol. Construction began in
1793, but because of financial shortfalls, the Senate
wing was not completed until 1800, and the U.S.
Congress met there for the first time in November.
Composition: 90% silver Work began on the House wing in 1804 and the
Mints: Denver & San Francisco House of Representatives began using it in 1807.
1995 Civil War Battlefield Preservation

In 1895, Gettysburg National Military
Park became the first battlefield to be
preserved as a memorial. These coins
commemorate the 100th anniversary
of the first protection of Civil War
battlefields, which according to
President George H. Bush’s 1992 Composition: Clad half dollar &
statement, are under attack from urban development. 90% silver dollar
Roughly 30 acres of battlefields are lost each year. Mints: Philadelphia &
San Francisco
1995 –1996 XXVI Olympiad Half Dollars & Silver Dollars

These coins not only celebrated the 1996 Olympics held in Atlanta, GA, but
also marked the 100th anniversary of the modern summer games held in 1896.
Olympiad Half Dollar

Composition: Clad
Basketball Baseball The Georgia Dome hosted team handball,

gymnastics and basketball during the
1996 Summer Olympics
Eagle and Shield, a gilded wood
sculpture in the Old Senate Chamber of
the Capitol - dates from around 1834
Although many Civil War

Latics
drummers were too young

to fight, they kept order in
the field and saw action
11
Olympiad Half Dollars

Continued from page 11
Composition: Clad
Swimming Soccer
Olympiad Silver Dollars

Track & Field
Gymnastics Paralympics
Paralympics
The Olympic flame is a tradition

coming from the ancient Greek
Cycling Tennis Olympics, over 2,700 years ago
Rowing High Jump

12
1995 Special Olympics World Games

Silver Dollar
Issued to honor the Special Olympics, this silver
dollar broke with coinage tradition and became the
first U.S. coin to portray a living woman. In 1968,
Eunice Kennedy Shriver co-founded the Special
Olympics, which grew out of her work with people
with special needs. About 1,000 athletes participated
Mints: Philadelphia
in those very first games held in Chicago.
& West Point
1996 National Community Service

Silver Dollar
Each year, millions of Americans volunteer in soup
kitchens, shelters, schools, and fire departments, and
this silver dollar honors their efforts. Interestingly,
the obverse, which features a standing Liberty, is
based on an Augustus Saint-Gaudens’ design used
on a medal in 1905. The reverse displays the
inscription: SERVICE FOR AMERICA. Composition: 90% silver
Mints: San Francisco
1996 Smithsonian Institution

150th Anniversary Silver Dollar
Struck to mark the 150th anniversary of the
Smithsonian Institute, this is the first
U.S. commemorative to benefit numismatics.
Some of the funds supported the museum’s
National Numismatic Collection. The museum
was established in 1846 from a legacy left by
Englishman James Smithson, who had never
even visited the United States.
Littleton employees pause during

cleanup sponsored by LCC’s
Community Service Program
Called The Castle, this building was the

Eunice Shriver began the original home of the Smithsonian Institution
Special Olympics when
she was in her mid-40s
13
1997 U.S. Botanic Garden

Silver Dollar
Honoring the 165th anniversary of the nation’s
oldest continually operating botanic garden, this
silver dollar features the front of the Botanic Garden
building. George Washington proposed the idea in
1796. Legislation was passed in 1820, creating an
area to preserve and grow plants important to the
nation. Although the coin marks the anniversary
in 1995, it was not issued until 1997.
Mints: Philadelphia
1997 Jackie Robinson Silver Dollar

When Jackie Robinson signed with the Brooklyn
Dodgers in 1947, he became the first African-
American to play in the majors in the 20th century.
This dollar celebrates the 50th anniversary of the
event. Its front shows Robinson stealing home, and
on back is the Jackie Robinson Foundation logo.
The foundation provides disadvantaged students Composition: 90% silver
with scholarships, and skills for higher education. Mints: San Francisco
1997 National Law Enforcement

Officers Memorial Silver Dollar
Dedicated in 1991, the National Law Enforcement Officers
Memorial honors law enforcement officers who have
made the ultimate sacrifice for the safety of others. More
than 18,600 names of those killed in the line of duty are
carved on the memorial’s wall. This low-mintage coin
marks the memorial’s 6th anniversary and shows two
officers making a rubbing of a fallen comrade’s name.
Mints: Philadelphia
The same year this 1951
comic book was released,
Jackie Robinson ended the
season with a .335 batting
average and 25 stolen bases
Andreas Praefcke
Million Moments
The Lord & Burnham greenhouse The memorial’s two curving, 304-foot-long blue-
(conservatory), part of the Botanical gray marble walls carry the names of all officers
Gardens, has 14 different exhibits dating back to 1792, the first known death
14
1998 Robert F. Kennedy

Silver Dollar
This silver dollar honors Robert F. Kennedy’s life
work and legacy. During his presidential campaign,
on the eve of his California primary victory in
1968, Kennedy was assassinated. As younger
brother to JFK, “Bobby” Kennedy served as U.S.
Attorney General and in the Senate. Seals of both
Composition: 90% silver offices are shown on the coin’s reverse.
1998 Black Revolutionary War

Patriots Silver Dollar
Crispus Attucks, an African-American, became the
first patriot killed in the Boston Massacre of 1770.
Today, he is one of the few victims whose name is
widely remembered. This coin not only marks the
275th anniversary of his birth, but also honors other
black Revolutionary War patriots, and mint sales fund
a proposed memorial to commemorate these heroes. Composition: 90% silver
1999 Dolley Madison Silver Dollar

Not only is this first U.S. coin designed by
Tiffany & Co., but also the first honoring a First
Lady – Dolley Madison. During the War of 1812,
she courageously refused to leave the White
House until Gilbert Stuart’s famous painting of
George Washington was safe from destruction!
Considered one of the most beautiful modern
commemoratives, it marks the 150th anniversary
Composition: 90% silver of her death.
Mints: Philadelphia
Dolley Madison was
famous for her skill as
Robert “Bobby” Kennedy a White House hostess
speaks to the crowd during
a 1963 demonstration
Million Moments
ue-
ers Printed by Paul Revere, this engraving is
called The Bloody Massacre perpetrated on
King Street, Boston on March 5th 1770…
15
1999 Yellowstone National Park

Silver Dollar
Yellowstone National Park, established in 1872,
holds the honor of being America’s first national
park. In 1997 the park celebrated its 125th
anniversary, and this coin honors that event. It was
the last commemorative dollar of the 20th century.
Geysers are relatively rare and Yellowstone is home
to about half that exist worldwide.
Mints: Philadelphia & San Francisco
2000 Library of Congress

Bicentennial Silver Dollar
Established in 1800, the Library of Congress
celebrated its 200th anniversary in 2000, and this
coin marked that occasion. Not only is the library
the nation’s oldest federal cultural institution, but
it is also the world’s largest library. With over 140
million items and about 650 miles of bookshelves, Composition: 90% silver
it provides the U.S. Congress and the American Mints: Philadelphia
people with unsurpassed research materials.
2000 Leif Ericson Millennium

Silver Dollar
About A.D. 1,000, the Norseman Leif Ericson and
his crew sailed west and eventually landed on the
shores of present-day Newfoundland, Canada,
which they named Vinland. The Vikings became
the first Europeans to set foot in North America,
and many believe they may have traveled as far
west as Minnesota. This silver dollar marks the
Mints: Philadelphia 1,000th anniversary of that voyage.
Located in Iceland’s capital,

Many think Old Faithful (shown this statue of Leif Ericson
below) is on the coin’s obverse, was a gift from the U.S.
but it isn’t, the terrain is different
Built between 1888-97, the Library of

Congress’ Thomas Jefferson Building was
inspired by the Paris Opera House in France c
r
16
2001 American Buffalo Silver Dollar

Using a modified version on James Earle Fraser’s
very popular Buffalo nickel design, the U.S. Mint
issued this silver dollar to help fund the National
Museum of the American Indian. The mint began
taking orders for the coin in May of 2001 and by
June 21st, it had sold out. Construction started in
1999 and the museum opened in 2004.
2001 U.S. Capitol Visitor Center

The obverse of both commemoratives
show the north wing of the original
Capitol, which the British burned in
1814, and today’s building. Each year
the U.S. Capitol draws millions of
visitors. They receive a timed-entry
pass and tour. Now instead of waiting Composition: Clad half dollar
outside, the Visitor Center provides information, 90% silver dollar
food, and a place for people to wait inside. Mints: Philadelphia
Silver dollar Image (above) used with permission from A Guide Book of United States Coins (the “Red Book”), © Whitman Publishing, LLC. All Rights Reserved.
2002 Salt Lake City Olympic

Games Silver Dollar
Struck to help support the 2002 Salt Lake City
Olympics, this silver dollar features the Crystal
Emblem of the games. The emblem represents
a stylized snow crystal, and is a dramatic
departure from previous Olympic coins that
show athletes competing in various sports. The
reverse shows the Salt Lake City skyline with
Composition: 90% silver the Rockies in the background.
The southern entrance to the Capitol

Visitor Center in Washington, DC
U.S. Navy photo by Journalist 1st Class Preston Keres
The gold medal 1980 “Miracle”

MBisanz
The museum’s distinctive architecture U.S. Hockey team ignites the

captures the feeling of wind-sculptured Olympic cauldron during the
rock, and reflects the Native Americans’ opening ceremonies
connection to the earth
17
2002 West Point Bicentennial

Silver Dollar
Established on March 16, 1802 by Thomas Jefferson,
this prestigious military academy has graduated
many notable American leaders, like Robert E. Lee,
Ulysses S. Grant, and Dwight D. Eisenhower. Struck
to honor West Point’s 200 years of “Duty, Honor,
Country” (academy’s motto), this silver dollar shows
military cadets on parade with Washington Hall and
the Cadet Chapel in back.
Mints: West Point
2003 First Flight Centennial

On December 17, 1903, Orville and
Wilbur Wright’s airplane soared above
the ground at Kitty Hawk, NC. In just
12 seconds, the brothers successfully
U.S. Mint
made the first engine-powered flight images
controlled by man. With Orville Wright
Composition: Clad half dollar &
piloting, the plane traveled 120 feet. The 90% silver dollar
silver dollar features both brothers, and the Mints: Philadelphia
half dollar the Wright Monument.
2004 Thomas Alva Edison Silver Dollar

Issued in 2004 to honor the 125th anniversary of
Edison’s invention of the practical light bulb, this coin
shows the inventor while the reverse depicts his first
light bulb of 1879. For over a century, our daily lives
have been brightened by his invention. Nicknamed
"The Wizard of Menlo Park,” Edison patented over
1,000 inventions during his lifetime.
Mints: Philadelphia Although Edison invented the
incandesent light bulb, the phonograph
of 1877 made him famous
West Point cadets are taught how to march
and parade in an area known as the Plain
Located in North Carolina, the

Wright Memorial is 60 feet high
and was dedicated in 1932
18
2004 Lewis and Clark Bicentennial

Silver Dollar
When Thomas Jefferson signed the Louisiana
Purchase in 1803, he doubled our nation’s size.
To chart this unknown territory and build relations
with the native peoples, he sent Lewis & Clark on
a voyage of discovery. They traveled safely through
hostile lands, making their way to the Pacific and
Mints: Philadelphia back. This coin pays tribute to the 200th
anniversary of that daring expedition.
2005 Chief Justice John Marshall

Issued for the 250th anniversary of the birth of
John Marshall, this silver dollar celebrates the
longest serving Chief Justice in Supreme Court
history. Marshall served from 1801-1835,
writing and shaping America’s constitutional
law. He established the court’s right to judicial
nt
review of all Acts of Congress. This dollar
depicts John Marshall, and the reverse shows
the Old Supreme Court Chamber. Mints: Philadelphia
2005 Marine Corps 230th

Anniversary Silver Dollar
This coin marks the first time the U.S. Mint
has honored a branch of the military with a
commemorative. Honoring the 230th anniversary
of the Marine Corps’ beginning in 1775, the
obverse captures the Marines’ heroism and courage
with an image of the raising of the American flag at
Composition: 90% silver Iwo Jima. The reverse bears the Marine emblem
Mints: Philadelphia and the motto SEMPER FIDELIS – “Always Faithful.”
Chief Justice John Marshall

h served on the Supreme
Court for over 34 years
Photographer Joe Rosenthal took the

This statue in Seaside, OR photo of Marines raising the flag on
marks the end of Lewis & Mt. Suribachi, Iwo Jima in February 1945
Clark’s 4,000 mile,
18-month journey west
19
2006 Benjamin Franklin

Tercentenary Silver Dollars
Scientist
Naturally curious with a brilliant mind, Franklin was
one of our young nation’s most important scientists,
founding fathers, and thinkers. Called “Scientist,”
this silver dollar marks the 300th anniversary of his
birth. It shows Franklin conducting his famous kite
and key experiment. The reverse shows his 1754
cartoon, which is believed to be
Composition: 90% silver America’s first political cartoon.
Mints: Philadelphia
Founding Father
As America’s first diplomat, it’s fitting this 300th
anniversary coin is called “Founding Father.” It
reflects the familiar Franklin image, capturing the
statesman in his later years. From 1776-78, he
worked to gain French support for the American
independence. Later, he drew up trade and defense
treaties with France. The reverse depicts the 1776
Continental Currency dollar with the mottoes he suggested. Mints: Philadelphia
2006 San Francisco Old Mint

Centennial Silver Dollar
Issued to honor the 100th anniversary of the
“Granite Lady,” San Francisco’s Second Mint, this
silver dollar pays tribute to the building’s role in
helping the city survive the earthquake and fire of
1906. The reverse shows George T. Morgan’s beloved
eagle design used on the Morgan dollar, and thought
to have been copied from a 1904-S coin.
Trumbull’s painting of the five-man

drafting committee presenting the
Constitution to Congress in June 1776
America’s first known political cartoon In 1961, the “Granite Lady,” the former
is Franklin’s Join, or Die., published in U.S. Mint in San Francisco, became a
his Pennsylvania Gazette newspaper National Historic Landmark
20
2007 Jamestown 400th

Anniversary Silver Dollar
In May 1607, after 5 months at sea, the three ships
Susan Constant, Godspeed, and Discovery landed
on the banks of the James River, and established
America’s first permanent English settlement.
This coin celebrates the 400th anniversary of that
Composition: 90% silver momentous event. It shows people of three
Mints: Philadelphia different cultures that worked together to
establish the colony of Jamestown.
2007 Little Rock Central High

School Desegregation Silver Dollar
On September 23, 1957, nine high schoolers became
the first African-American students to enter Little Rock
High School. When violence broke out they left, but
returned two days later escorted by federal troops.
They became known as The Little Rock Nine. The
coin marks the 50th anniversary of this desegregation
event and pays tribute to their courage. Composition: 90% silver
Silver dollar Image (above) used with permission from A Guide Book of United States Coins (the “Red Book”), Mints: Philadelphia &
© Whitman Publishing, LLC. All Rights Reserved. San Francisco
2008 Bald Eagle Half Dollar &

Silver Dollar
Designated our national emblem in
1782, the American bald eagle stood
at the brink of extinction over
35 years ago. Thanks to the 1973
Endangered Species Act it has
made a come back, and was
Composition: Clad half dollar removed from the list in 2007.
90% silver dollar These handsome coins celebrate its
Mints: Philadelphia & recovery. The dollar features an eagle
San Francisco
soaring, and the half dollar, eaglets nesting.
This painting by Sidney King
shows colonists building the After bald eagle chicks hatch, the
palisade walls of the original fort mother stays on the nest, while the
at Jamestown in May 1607 father provides most of the food
Courtesy of U.S. Army
r
National Park Service
a
The 101st Airborne Division escort
the Little Rock Nine into the all-white
Central High School in Little Rock, AR,
during the fall of 1957
21
2009 Louis Braille Bicentennial

Silver Dollar
This commemorative celebrates the 200th anniversary
of Louis Braille’s birth. Plus, it is the first American
coin to feature readable braille. Sightless since 4,
Braille was just 15 years old when he developed
the system that uses raised dots to represent letters.
Before his invention, learning tools for the blind
were limited to hard-to-read books that were
expensive to make.
Mints: Philadelphia
2009 Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial

Silver Dollar
Inspired by Daniel Chester French’s sculpture in
the Lincoln Memorial, this silver dollar celebrates
the 200th anniversary of Lincoln’s birth in 1809. It
features a bold, full-faced depiction of “Honest Abe”
and the reverse carries the final 43 words of his famous
Gettysburg Address. Lincoln led America through the
Civil War, abolished slavery, and dedicated his life to
securing human rights and uniting a nation. Composition: 90% silver
Mints: Philadelphia
2010 Veterans Disabled for Life

Silver Dollar
Struck at West Point, located near the U.S.
Military Academy, this silver dollar is the first ever
to pay tribute to America’s disabled veterans.
Through the years, millions of men and women
have answered duty’s call, and the coin’s design
U.S. Mint
image reflects the tenacity and courage of those who live
with permanent disabilities. These will help fund
the American Veterans Disabled for Life Memorial.
Mints: West Point
Also scheduled for release in 2010, is the Boy Scout Centennial Silver Dollar.
Tammy Duckworth, now
The word Braille (abbreviated Brl in Assistant Secretary for Public &
Braille code) is shown on the reverse, Intergovernmental Affairs for the
in the upper half of this coin VA, is an Iraq War veteran
Photo by Rudi Williams, Department of Defense
Above is the only verified

photo known to exist of
Lincoln at Gettysburg
22
Introduction to Gold Commemoratives
M odern U.S. gold commemoratives offer collectors low

mintages, unique designs and are limited-edition
coins because they are not always issued every year. The
most common denominations are $5 gold pieces, but
occasionally the mint has issued $10 coins, and more
recently, it issued the first-ever bimetallic commemorative
in gold and platinum. Over the years, the majority of
modern gold commemoratives have been Proofs, but America’s 1st bimetallic
a few Uncirculated versions have been issued too. commemorative struck for
the Library of Congress
Bicentennial in 2000 (see p. 29)
1984 Los Angeles Olympiad Gold $10

The torch relay began in May, at United Nations
Plaza in New York. Bill Thorpe Jr., grandson of 1912
Olympian Jim Thorpe, ran the first leg. Over 3,600
runners took part, carrying the torch through 33
Composition: 90% gold
Mints: Philadelphia, Denver, states, plus the District of Columbia on its way to the
San Francisco & Los Angeles coliseum. This coin was the first $10
West Point gold commemorative, the first of this denominaton
since 1933, and the first struck at 4 different mints.
1986 Statue of Liberty Centennial

Gold $5
Not only is this gold coin the first $5 commemorative,
but it also won the coveted Coin of the Year award in
1986. The dramatic design features a majestic close-up
Mints: West Point
of the statue's head and crown on the obverse. An
eagle in flight, about to land, is on the reverse. The
design made it an instant collector hit, with the entire
mintage selling out.
The Marathon Tower in

Amsterdam is the site where, in
1928, the first Olympic flame of
the modern games was lit
Vincent Steenberg
The Torch of the Statue of

Liberty is a symbol of
Jim Thorpe won gold medals enlightenment, lighting the
in the decathlon & pentathlon way to freedom
in the 1912 Olympics 23
1987 U.S. Constitution Bicentennial

Gold $5
America’s constitution has served as a model
for other countries around the world since its
creation over 200 years ago. Interestingly, the
word democracy isn’t used in it. Quill pens,
symbolic of what could have been used to sign
Mints: West Point
the constitution, and a modernistic eagle are
prominently displayed on this coin.
1988 Seoul Olympiad Gold $5

Considered by many one of our most beautiful
modern coins, the $5 gold piece’s obverse features
the head of Nike, ancient goddess of victory. Chief
Engraver Elizabeth Jones created the design in honor Composition: 90% gold
Mints: West Point
of the 1988 Olympic games held in South Korea.
During those games, Flo-Jo (Florence Griffith-Joyner)
won gold in the 100m, 200m and 4x100 relay and
silver in the 4x400 relay.
1989 Congress Bicentennial Gold $5

1989 marked the 200th anniversary of the first
Congressional meeting held in New York City in
Composition: 90% gold 1789, under the new constitution. Nowadays,
Mints: West Point Congress meets in the U.S. Capitol building, so it’s
fitting the dome is featured on this coin. Above the
vice president’s chair in the Old Senate Chamber, is
a carved gilded eagle and shield; this majestic
carving is shown on the reverse.
In Greek mythology, winged

Nike is the goddess of Victory
The National Archives holds 3 of our New York City’s Federal Hall,
nation’s most important documents: where the first U.S. Congress
the Declaration of Independence, the met in 1789
Constitution, and the Bill of Rights
24
Gold Commemoratives
1991 Mount Rushmore Golden

Anniversary Gold $5
The swooping eagle, with sculptors’ tools in its talons,
made one of the more dramatic commemorative
designs of the era. Engraver John Mercanti seamlessly
incorporated all of the required coin elements such as
LIBERTY and the date. The reverse, created by Robert
Mints: West Point
Lamb, marked the first time the design carried no
emblems or images – letters alone made up the motif.
1992 XXV Olympiad Gold $5

Celebrating both the 25th Olympic Summer games
held in Spain, and Winter games held in France,
this gold piece features a sprinter, with the U.S.
flag in the background. The summer games saw Composition: 90% gold
the debut of professionals being allowed in basketball. Mints: West Point
America sent the “Dream Team,” composed of
such greats as Larry Bird, Michael Jordan and
Karl “the Mailman” Malone, to name a few.
1992 Christopher Columbus

Quincentenary Gold $5
Celestial navigation was in its infancy, so Columbus
primarily used dead reckoning on his voyage to the
Mints: West Point
new world. We know this because he is believed to
be the first sailor to keep a detailed log. Dead
reckoning uses a magnetic compass to set the
course, and calculates distance by time and speed,
to chart the voyage. This coin honors that
courageous ocean journey.
Circa mid-1930s photograph of

Gutzon Borglum's model of the Sprinter Mike Marsh won 2 gold
Mt. Rushmore Memorial medals: in the world record-setting
400m relay and in the 200m,
during the 1992 Summer Olympics
Columbus captained the Santa Maria.

The 3-masted ship ran aground on
Christmas Day 1492 and never made a
return voyage from the New World.
25
1993 Bill of Rights Gold $5

Known as the father of the Bill of Rights, James Madison
introduced his proposal in June 1789, during the first
meeting of the Congress. It guaranteed our essential
rights and liberties, and became the first 10 amendments
to the Constitution. The coin features James Madison
Composition: 90% gold reading the Bill of Rights, and the reverse displays one
Mints: West Point
of his quotes.
1991-1995 50th Anniversary of

World War II Gold $5
Struck to commemorate the 50th anniversary of WWII,
this coin features a unique reverse design – the letter V
Mints: West Point
and ••• – Morse Code for that letter. The obverse depicts
a soldier with his arms raised in victory. Both the Allies
and Axis powers used Morse Code to encrypt messages,
but the codes could be broken. America then began to
use the Native American Code Talkers.
1994 World Cup Tournament Gold $5

One of the most sought-after trophies in the world is
that for winning soccer’s World Cup. So, it is fitting
that this trophy is shown on the $5 gold coin’s
Mints: West Point obverse. In the 1930s, French sculptor Abel LaFleur
created the first trophy out of solid gold, but in 1983,
it was stolen and apparently melted. The present-day
trophy, made out of 18K gold, was created in 1974.
Not only did James Madison

help draft the Bill of Rights, but
he also served as a commander
in the Virginia Miltia
Currently in World Cup Soccer, 32
qualifying teams compete in a round-
Painting by Chet Jezierski for the National Guard Bureau Presidential Series
robin-type tournament for the trophy
Short wave radio and morse code played

a big part in combat during WWII
26
Gold Commemoratives
1995 Civil War Battlefield Preservation

Gold $5
Struck to honor the 100th anniversary of the protection
of Civil War battlefields (1895), this coin shows a
bugler on horseback. Buglers were a crucial part of
all military efforts, used until the age of electronics.
During the Civil War, the familiar melody Taps was
Mints: West Point
created by Union General Daniel Butterfield, and
later played at a military funeral for the first time.
1995 – 1996 XXVI Olympiad Gold $5

To celebrate the 1996 Olympics held in Atlanta, GA, and mark the
100th anniversary of the modern summer games, the U.S Mint issued
four gold commemoratives.
Mints: West Point
1995 Torch Bearer Runner 1995 Stadium
1996 Flag Bearer 1996 Cauldron
Downtown Atlanta, host city of the

1996 Summer Olympics, seen
from Centennial Olympic Park
d-
y
Civil War buglers signaled wake Turner Field, once Olympic Stadium,
up & lights out, boosted morale is now home to the Atlanta Braves
and relayed battlefield commands
27
1996 Smithsonian Institution

150th Anniversary Gold $5
James Smithson, the British scientist whose fortune
led to the creation of the Smithsonian Institution is
on the obverse of this gold piece. The reverse shows
Composition: 90% gold the distinctive Smithsonian sunburst. Struck in gold,
Mints: West Point the $5 coin recalls the 104,960 gold Sovereigns
(Smithson’s fortune), which were shipped to the
U.S. and melted, to help fund the museum.
1997 Jackie Robinson Gold $5

An older Jackie Robinson is shown on the coin. After
retiring from baseball in 1956, he served as vice president
of human resources at Chock Full O' Nuts until 1964. Composition: 90% gold
Robinson was an advocate of civil rights, a member of the Mints: West Point
NAACP and helped establish the Freedom National Bank,
which loaned money to minority businessmen. In 1962,
he was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame.
1997 Franklin D. Roosevelt Gold $5

Ironically, the president who issued the Gold Recall
Order of 1933, which called in America’s gold coins
and gold certificates, is shown on this commemorative.
Composition: 90% gold While it does not honor an anniversary, the coin was
Mints: West Point unveiled at the Four Freedoms Award dinner. During
a speech in 1941, FDR noted the four freedoms
were: freedom of speech and expression, freedom of
worship, freedom from want, and freedom from fear.
Rachel Robinson accepting the

Congressional Gold Medal for her
deceased husband, Jackie Robinson
James Smithson devoted Roosevelt’s Four Freedom’s speech

his life to exploring the is one of the most famous political
natural world speeches of the 20th century
28
Gold Commemoratives
1999 George Washington

Death Bicentennial Gold $5
In 1931, sculptor Laura Garden Fraser submitted this
design for a competition for the Washington quarter.
Although it was selected, because of the politics of the
day, it ultimately lost to the present-day quarter design.
For this $5 gold piece, the mint adapted her original
Mints: West Point
winning design to commemorate the 200th anniversary of
George Washington’s death, and honor his life and legacy.
2000 Library of Congress Bicentennial

Bimetallic $10
To honor the Library of Congress’s 200th anniversary,
the U.S. Mint issued the first-ever ringed, bimetallic
commemorative. The mint used two separate
planchets (coin blanks), an outer ring of .900 gold Composition: .900 gold &
and a core of .9995 platinum, which bond together .9995 platinum
during striking. In 1814, the British burned the Mints: West Point
library, but Jefferson sold the government over 6,000
books from his own collection to start a new one.
2001 U.S. Capitol Visitor Center Gold $5

Inside the U.S. Capitol is a hallway that extends more
than 100 feet, called the Hall of Columns. Built in the
1850s, Corinthian columns, made from marble quarried
Composition: 90% gold in Massachusetts, border each side of the hall. This
Mints: West Point $5 gold piece features an adaptation of the top of a
column with the words 1800 FIRST CONVENING OF
CONGRESS IN WASHINGTON.
The Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association

has dedicated its resources to preserve This circa 1800 watercolor shows
and protect George Washington's home the North Wing of the U.S. Capitol
before it was burned by the British
The main Library of Congress

h Reading Room for humanities
al and social sciences
29
2002 Salt Lake City Olympic Games

Gold $5
The Crystal Emblem of the games, a stylized snow
crystal, is the central design element seen on this
commemorative. Over 2,300 athletes competed in
the games, and 78 events were held. The judges
Mints: West Point
used instant replay for the first time in figure
skating in these games, and awarded two gold
medals in pairs skating.
2003 First Flight Centennial Gold $10

Brothers Orville and Wilbur Wright, shown on the coin,
solved the problem of how to control flight by watching
birds fly and working with kites. They invented wing-
warping features that provide attitude (orientation),
control, and turning, through pilot operation. The coin’s Composition: 90% gold
reverse shows their biplane. Constructed out of muslin Mints: West Point
and softwood, it weighed 700 pounds.
2006 San Francisco Old Mint

Centennial Gold $5
At a little past 5 A.M. on April 18, 1906, a magnitude
7.8 earthquake hit San Francisco and devastated much
Composition: 90% gold of the city. San Francisco’s Mint “The Granite Lady”
Mints: San Francisco (featured on the coin) came through the earthquake
and ensuing fire with minimal damage overall.
During the days that followed, the mint’s artesian
well supplied water, light, and a point for food
distribution to citizens from miles around.
Eight U.S. athletes, escorted by NY police and

firefighters, carry the American flag that flew over
the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001 The San Francisco Mint as it
into the stadium for opening ceremonies appeared just days after
the earthquake
U.S. Navy photo by Journalist 1st Class Preston Keres
The Wright brothers had two older

brothers and a sister. Orville (left)
and Wilbur (right) are shown
above with their sister Katharine.
30
Gold Commemoratives • Caring for your coins
2007 Jamestown 400th Anniversary

Gold $5
While exploring the Chickahominy River in December 1607,
Captain John Smith was captured by men from Powhatan’s
tribe. Powhatan was a Native American chief of about 30
tribes living in the surrounding Jamestown area. Early the
Composition: 90% gold next year, Smith and Powhatan became trading partners.
Mints: West Point
Both leaders are shown on the obverse of this $5 gold piece,
and the reverse shows the Old Church at Jamestown.
2008 Bald Eagle Gold $5

This gold coin features two young bald eagles, and
celebrates the bird’s removal from the Endangered Species
List. Known as “immatures,” young bald eagles are brown
and white speckled. The familiar white head and tail
feathers don’t appear until about the 5th year, when they Mints: West Point
fully molt. In the wild, eagles live for about 20 years.
Caring For Your Coins

roper handling and storage of coins is not difficult. It maintains the natural
P condition (and value) of collectible coins, and helps preserve them for future
collectors. Below are a few tips that will help you care for your collection.
• Handling: It’s important to protect coin surfaces and designs from fingerprints
and natural oils in fingers or palms that can be corrosive over time. Coins
should be held by their edges between thumb and forefinger (see picture),
and for high-quality Uncirculated or Proof coins, use soft cotton gloves.
• Cleaning: Improper cleaning, more than anything else, harms valuable
coins. Do not clean high-quality Uncirculated and Proof coins. Improper
cleaning can cause permanent loss of original mint finish, color, and value,
plus experts can easily detect an improperly cleaned coin.
• Storage: Humidity, air pollution, salt air, and temperature extremes can
sometimes affect surfaces of coins. Store your coins in protective holders
or albums, and keep them in an area with
relatively uniform temperature.
If Ben Franklin had his way,

a turkey instead of an eagle
would be on our coins
National Park Service
Always use gloves, and hold

In the 1950s, artist Sidney King did a your high-quality Uncirculated and
series of paintings about Jamestown. Proof coins by their edges between
This shows Captain John Smith trading your thumb and forefinger
with Native Americans in Virginia. 31
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Over the years, we’ve developed a wide variety of exclusive collector
clubs tailored to fit your individual needs. As a Club Member, you’ll
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you decide – We trust you!
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you’ll get the best value for your dollar!
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conveniently add to your collection in the comfort
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Littleton’s 45-Day Money Back

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return it within 45 days for a prompt exchange
or refund, whichever you prefer.
To explore other Littleton Collector Clubs,

call our friendly Customer Service staff at
1-800-645-3122
or visit us on the web at
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$4.

Collectors Guide from

With the release of the George Washington

From 1982 to date… modern commemoratives

Have a plan for your collection

1982 George Washington 250th

1983 Los Angeles Olympiad

1984 Los Angeles Olympiad

Titled Washington Before

Discus was an Olympic sport in

ancient Greece. Athletes were

1986 Statue of Liberty

1987 U.S. Constitution Bicentennial

1988 Seoul Olympiad Silver Dollar

During the Seoul Olympics,

1989 Congress Bicentennial

1990 Eisenhower Centennial

1991 Mount Rushmore

Eisenhower was a 5-star general

Each face, from the chin to

1991 Korean War Memorial

1991 United Service Organizations

1992 XXV Olympiad

In 1941, the U.S.O. was created in

1992 White House 200th Anniversary

1992 Christopher Columbus Quincentenary

1993 Bill of Rights

Columbus bids the Queen of Spain

1991-1995 50th Anniversary of WWII

1993 (1994) Thomas Jefferson

1994 World Cup Tournament

ts, Construction began on

The World Cup for soccer is

one of the most sought-after

Composition: 90% silver

1994 U.S. Prisoner of War Museum

1994 Women in Military Service Memorial

Names on the Vietnam The Hemicycle, which is part of the Women

1994 U.S. Capitol Bicentennial

1995 Civil War Battlefield Preservation

1995 –1996 XXVI Olympiad Half Dollars & Silver Dollars

Olympiad Half Dollar

Basketball Baseball The Georgia Dome hosted team handball,

Although many Civil War

drummers were too young

Olympiad Half Dollars

Olympiad Silver Dollars

Track & Field

The Olympic flame is a tradition

Rowing High Jump

1995 Special Olympics World Games

1996 National Community Service

1996 Smithsonian Institution

Littleton employees pause during

Called The Castle, this building was the

1997 U.S. Botanic Garden

1997 Jackie Robinson Silver Dollar

1997 National Law Enforcement

1998 Robert F. Kennedy