AMBO UNIVERSITY

INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

INTERNSHIP REPORT
ON
INDUSTRIAL PRACTICE DONE
AT
ADDIS ABABA ROAD TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT AGENCY

BY
Abenezer Addisu BRT/0107/09
Biniam Jaleta BRT/0132/09
Biruk Alemneh BRT/0135/09
Girma Godahegne BRT/0168/09
Habtamu Solomon BRT/0174/09

FOR THE FULLIFLMENT OF SEMESTER 1 ACADEMIC YEAR 2012 EC.

Dedication

This internship report is dedicated to our parents , and all our friends for
being with us and helping in each and every difficulty we faced in this
Internship report completion and to the workers and all those who taught
us,trained and polished our abilities at AARTMA.
Acknowledgment

First of all we would like to thank Almighty God for giving patience,
endurance, health, opportunity, mental capacity and internal motivation
to complete our Internship work.

Also we would like to thank our families, they had been besides us and
supported us in finance and other facilities within kindness beyond our
expectation. Next, we would like to thank Tsedale G/Egiziabher
director of Road Traffic Control Center office in AARTMA for
accepting us, kindly introduced us to all staff employees and also gave
us guidance moral encouragement and motivation within advice through
all time of our Internship work.
Abstract

This practical attachment report describes the internship we spent at

AARTMA. The goal of this practical attachment is activities that used to
make benefit and get experience from the organization. During our stay
we understand the working environment watching the organizational,
background history, statement problem, mission, vision, core values and
also we learn work ethics and good communication skill.

Finally our internship at AARTMA was very interesting and gave us

the opportunity to understand what the real world work looks like and
gaining of knowledge to solve the problem.
 Table of Content
Cover Page
Dedication
Acknowledgment
Chapter 1: Introduction………………………………………………….…..1
Chapter 2: Background of Organization………….…………………….…..2
2.1 Mission of the Organization…………………………………..….3
2.2 Vision of the Organization………………………...…..………....3
2.3 Statement of the problem…………………………………….…..3
2.4 Objective of the Internship……………………..……………..…4
2.5 Methodology ………………………………………………….…4
2.6 Organizational Chart…………………………………………..…5
2.7 Core Values of Organization………………………………….…5
2.8 Activities of the Organization……………………………………6
Chapter 3: Activities during Internship…………………………………...7
3.1 Practical Activities Involved……………………………………..8
3.2 Theoretical Activities Involved………………………………....15
Chapter 4: Challenges and Opportunities……………………………..…26
Chapter 5:Knowledge Acquired during Internship…………………..….27
Chapter 6:Conclusion and Recommendation………….…………….…..28
6.1. Conclusion…………………………………………..……..….28
6.2. Recommendation ……………………………………………..29
References……………………………………………………………….....30

Appendix………………………………………………………………..… 31
List of figure

Figure 1 Organizational Chart............................................................... 5

Figure 2 Cable Tester............................................................................. 8
Figure 3 Crimping Tool................................................................ .…….9
Figure 4 RJ-45......................................................................................... 9
Figure 5 Trunk....................................................................................... 10
Figure 6 Cable…………………………………................................... 10
Figure 7 Switch………………………………………………………….11
Figure 8 Punching Tool..........................................................................11
Figure 9 Patch Panel ............................................................................. 12
Figure 10 Network Rack....................................................................... 12
Figure 11 Faceplate................................................................................ 13
Figure 12 Console Cable........................................................................ 14
Figure 13 Cable Standards...................................................................... 15

List of Tables

Table 1 Action Plan................................................................................. 7

Table 2 Cable Usage............................................................................... 16
Chapter 1: Introduction

Internship program is known by giving students the opportunity to apply

their knowledge in real world environments. At the same time, I will
also develop skills which will help us to perform better at the real world
jobs, so based on its aim we have conducted our intern program.
Therefore this report describes our experiences as a 3rd year Ambo
University Intern students at the host company called Addis Ababa Road
Traffic Management Agency, which is located in Addis Ababa. The
internship is part of the curriculum requirement for 2 months, July and
august 2011 EC. It generally describes the whole tasks we did in the
intern program, the experience and practice work benefits we got, the
challenges faced and measures taken to solve it.
Chapter 2: Background of Organization

The Agency was established under the proclamation No 43/2007

Art 43 of the city administrative council in 2007 EC by the aim to lead
the road traffic management system of the city with secure & modern
technologies,to develop and administer traffic infrastructures and to
aware the society about road traffic law in order to exercise it
practically.
 2.1. Mission of the Organization

AARTMA is dedicated to aware the society about road usage for

reducing traffic accidents ,to build infrastructure and control center for
the city traffic management and practice road traffic usage rule of
conduct .

2.2. Vision of the Organization

AARTMA has a vision to modernize road traffic management service

of addis ababa and achieve secure and standard traffic movement by the
year 2017 EC.

2.3 Statement of the problem

 Using old technology for example hub.

 There was no good management .
 There was no speed of networks.
 There was no enough network installation.
 There was no enough connection distribution in the organization.
 There was no Wi-Fi distribution in the all area of organization.
 There was a lot of ports that means it was used class „A‟ but it didn‟t
distribute to all offices.
 2.4 Objective of internship

2.4.1 General objective

 The general objective of this internship is to apply practically what we

have learned theoretically in the classes for Data Communication and
Computer Network course.

2.4.2 Specific objectives

 Make enough connection distribution in the organization.

 Make enough Wi-Fi distribution in the all area of organization.
 To understand currently existing working environment of the AARTMA
traffic control center.
 To identify network related problems within the organization.
 To actively participate in practice and solving the major activity by
collaborating with staff members.
 To write a report and present .

2.5 Methodology

Data about the organization will be collected using Observation,

Document Analysis and interview. Because this methods help us to get
full and clear information about the organization in easy way.
 2.6 Organizational Chart

AARTMA

Traffic Education Regulatory

HR
Control & Traing

Infrastructure Support and

Development maintenance Team
Team

2.7 Core values of the Organization

 Provision of standard services

 Rational Leadership
 Transparency
 Responsibility
 Transformational readiness
 2.8 Activities of the Organization

 In general the organization is responsible for governing traffic

management of the city.
 The Traffic control center directorate is responsible for administrating
the network in the organization.
 Develop HR systems for the organization.
 Develop Traffic Penality system integrated with CBE .
 Developing website for the organization.
Chapter 3: Activities during Internship

During Internships we perform several Activities. Those activities

managed through both Practical activities and Theoretical activities.

Week no Main task done during the week Done/undone

Week 1. we visited the Organization with Done
our supervisor and all the
equipment‟s.
Week 2  They gave all material needed
for network installation with
supervisor and place where we
install networks. Done
Week we took three class and install
3,4,5 network for it
 Trunk installation
 Cable crimping/installation Done
 Data outlet installation
Week 6 We took some Cisco courses
like get connected. Undone
Week 7  Network configuration
 Switch configuration
 Router configuration
 Wi-Fi-configuration 75%done,25%undone
Week 8 We finish our work in
AARTMA. Done
3.1 Practical activities Involved
Practical Activities are the most activities that we have done during stay
in the Internships. This activities more essentially one to develop our
experience from theoretical knowledge that we had learned from 1 st year
to 3rd year.

Those materials are described below with their functions:

Tester: A cable tester is a device that is used to test the strength and
connectivity of a particular type of cable or other wired assemblies.

RJ-45: is an 8-pin connection used for Ethernet network adapters. This

connector resembles the RJ-11 or 6-pin connector.
Crimping Tool: is a device used to conjoin two pieces of materials by
deforming one or both of them in a way that causes them to hold each
other.

Trucking: Is an enclosure usually with a rectangular cross section, and

with one removable or hinged side, that is used to protect cables from
damage and dust and water ingress.
Cat-6 cable: Category 6 cable is a standardized twisted pair cable
for Ethernet and other network physical layers that is backward
compatible with the Category 5/5e.

Category 6A cable: (or Augmented Category 6) is characterized to

500 MHz and has improved alien crosstalk characteristics, allowing
10GBASE-T to be run for the same 100 meter maximum distance as
previous Ethernet variants.

Switch: is networking hardware that connects devices on a computer

network by using packet switching to receive, and forward data to the
destination device.
Puncher: also called a punch down tool, a small hand tool used for
inserting wire into insulation-displacement connectors on punch down
blocks, patch panels and surface mount boxes.

Network node: In telecommunications networks, a node is either a

redistribution point or a communication endpoint.
Patch panel: In an enterprise network, a patch panel serves as a sort of
static switchboard, using cables to interconnect network computers
within a LAN and to outside lines including the internet or other wide
area networks (WANs).
Rack: also network rack is a metal frame chassis that holds, stacks,
organizes, secures and protects various computer network and server
hardware devices.
Face plate/outlet : is a plastic or metal plate, cover on the face (front) of a device
or surface. It may be single outlet network or double outlet network based on the
port like structure that it contains,. It can also be used for a safety covering of the
connection point of the female Rj45 and the unshielded twisted pair cable. Node
has programmed or engineered capability to recognize and process or forward
transmissions to other nodes.

Console cable

Every Cisco router or a switch has a console port (also known as the management
port) on its backside. Console port is used to connect a computer directly to a
router or switch and manage the router or switch since there is no display device
for a router or switch. A picture of the console cable is shown figure below.
Hub: A network hub has no routing tables or intelligence on where to send

information and broadcasts all network data across each connection. Most hubs can
detect basic network errors such as collisions, but having all information broadcast
to multiple ports can be a security risk and cause bottlenecks. Network hubs were
popular because they were cheaper than a switch or router. A Hub is a networking
device that allows one to connect multiple PCs to a single network. A switch is a
control unit that turns the flow of electricity on or off in a circuit.
3.2. Theoretical Activities Involved

Cable Arrangement, punching and crimping

T568A and T568B Wiring Standard

Straight through Cable:

. On a straight through cable, the wired pins match. Straight through

cable use one wiring standard: both ends use T568A wiring standard or
both ends use T568B wiring standard.

Cross over cable:

Unlike straight through cable, crossover cables use two different wiring
standards: one end uses the T568A wiring standard, and the other end
uses the T568B wiring standard.

Usually, straight through cables are primarily used for connecting unlike
devices. And crossover cables are use for connecting alike devices.
 Straight through cabling Crossover cabling
 Switch to router  Switch to switch
 Switch to PC or server  Switch to hub
 Hub to PC or server  Hub to hub
 Router to router
 Router Ethernet port to PC NIC

Steps to punch UTP cable

1. Make sure the stripper is adjusted properly on a scrap piece of cable.
2. The Stripper should be adjusted to only cut the jacket to make removing
it easier and not nick the twisted pairs.
3. Straighten the pairs out completely and lay them over the top of the jack
with the order of the color pattern for wiring.
4. Keeping the pairs as twisted as possible press the wire into the correct
groove with your thumbs.
5. If you completely straighten the wires to run them through the jack you
will risk cross talk between the pairs.
6. Using a punch down tool, punch the wires down into the blades built
into the jack.
7. The blades in the jack are designed to work with solid cable, and may
not work with stranded cable.
8. Make sure the blade is facing the outside of the jack.

Steps to crimp UTP cable

1. Strip the cable back 1 inch (25 mm) from the end.
2. Untwist and straighten the wires inside of the cable.
3. Arrange the wires into the right order.
4. Cut the wires into an even line 1⁄2 inch (13 mm) from sheathing.
5. Insert the wires into the RJ-45 connector.
6. Stick the connector into the crimping part of the tool and squeeze twice.
7. Remove the cable from the tool and check that all of the pins are down.

Steps to install an Ethernet jack in a wall

1. Choose a convenient location for your Ethernet jack.
2. Mark the wall where you want to place the jack.
3. Place your mounting bracket over the marking and trace around the inside.
4. Shut off the electricity to any electrical circuits in the immediate vicinity.
5. Cut around the outline you just drew using a utility knife.
6. Drill a hole in the floor or ceiling behind your jack outlet if necessary.
7. Run your Ethernet cable from your networking hardware to the jack outlet.
8. Secure the mounting bracket for your wall plate in the wall.
9. Cut the cable emerging from the outlet to a length of 6-12 inches.
10. Strip the outer sheathing from the last 2 inches of cable.
11. Thread the exposed wires into the color-coded slots on the keysone
connecter.
 12. Force the wires down into their respective slots using punch down tool.
13. Plug the wired connector head into the backside of the wall plate.
14. Fasten the wall plate over the jack mounting bracket to complete installation.

Performing basic Network configuration commands.

Apparatus (Software): Command Prompt And Packet Tracer.
Procedure: To do this EXPERIMENT- follows these steps:
In this EXPERIMENT- we have to understand basic networking commands.
All commands related to Network configuration which includes how to switch to
privilege mode
and normal mode and how to configure router interface and how to save this
configuration to flash memory or permanent memory.
This commands includes
• Configuring the Router commands
• General Commands to configure network
• Privileged Mode commands of a router
• Router Processes & Statistics
• IP Commands
• Other IP Commands e.g. show ip route etc.

ping:
ping(8) sends an ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packet to the specified host. If the host
responds, you get an ICMP packet back. Sound strange? Well, you can “ping” an
IP address to see if a machine is alive. If there is no response, you know something
is wrong.
Traceroute:
Tracert is a command which can show you the path a packet of information takes
from your computer to one you specify. It will list all the routers it passes through
until it reaches its destination, or fails to and is discarded. In addition to this, it will
tell you how long each 'hop' from router to router takes.

nslookup:

Displays information from Domain Name System (DNS) name servers.

NOTE :If you write the command as above it shows as default your pc's server
name firstly.

pathping:

A better version of tracert that gives you statics about packet lost and latency.

Performing an Initial Switch Configuration

Objectives
 Perform an initial configuration of a Cisco Catalyst 2960 switch.
Background / Preparation
In this activity, we will configure these settings on the customer Cisco Catalyst
2960 switch:
 Host name
 Console password
 vty password
 Privileged EXEC mode password
 Privileged EXEC mode secret
  IP address on VLAN1 interface
 Default gateway
Note: Not all commands are graded by Packet Tracer.
Step 1: Configure the switch host name.
a. From the Customer PC, use a console cable and terminal emulation software to connect to the
console of the customer Cisco Catalyst 2960 switch.
b. Set the host name on the switch to CustomerSwitch using these commands.
Switch>enable
Switch#configure terminal
Switch(config)#hostname CustomerSwitch
Step 2: Configure the privileged mode password and secret.
a. From global configuration mode, configure the password as cisco.
CustomerSwitch(config)#enable password cisco
b. From global configuration mode, configure the secret as cisco123.
CustomerSwitch(config)#enable secret cisco123
Step 3: Configure the console password.
a. From global configuration mode, switch to configuration mode to configure the console line.
CustomerSwitch(config)#line console 0
b. From line configuration mode, set the password to cisco and require the password to be
entered at login.
CustomerSwitch(config-line)#password cisco
CustomerSwitch(config-line)#login
CustomerSwitch(config-line)#exit
Step 4: Configure the vty password.
a. From global configuration mode, switch to the configuration mode for the vty lines 0 through
15.
CustomerSwitch(config)#line vty 0 15
b. From line configuration mode, set the password to cisco and require the password to be
entered at login.
CustomerSwitch(config-line)#password cisco
CustomerSwitch(config-line)#login
CustomerSwitch(config-line)#exit
Step 5: Configure an IP address on interface VLAN1.
From global configuration mode, switch to interface configuration mode for VLAN1, and assign
the IP address 192.168.1.5 with the subnet mask of 255.255.255.0.
CustomerSwitch(config)#interface vlan 1
CustomerSwitch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.5 255.255.255.0
CustomerSwitch(config-if)#no shutdown
CustomerSwitch(config-if)#exit
Step 6: Configure the default gateway.
a. From global configuration mode, assign the default gateway to 192.168.1.1.
CustomerSwitch(config)#ip default-gateway 192.168.1.1
b. Click the Check Results button at the bottom of this instruction window to check your work.
Step 7: Verify the configuration.
The Customer Switch should now be able to ping the ISP Server at 209.165.201.10. The first one
or two pings may fail while ARP converges.
CustomerSwitch(config)#end
CustomerSwitch#ping 209.165.201.10
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 209.165.201.10, timeout is 2 seconds:..!!!
Success rate is 60 percent (3/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 181/189/197
ms CustomerSwitch#

Performing an Initial Router Configuration

Objectives
 Configure the router host name.
 Configure passwords.
 Configure banner messages.
 Verify the router configuration.
Background / Preparation
In this activity, you will use the Cisco IOS CLI to apply an initial configuration to
a router, including hostname, passwords, a message-of-the-day (MOTD) banner,
and other basic settings.
Note: Some of the steps are not graded by Packet Tracer.
Step 1: Configure the router host name.
a. On Customer PC, use the terminal emulation software to connect to the console of the
customer Cisco 1841 ISR.
b.Set the host name on the router to CustomerRouter by using these commands.
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Router(config)#hostname CustomerRouter
Step 2: Configure the privileged mode and secret passwords.
a. In global configuration mode, set the password to cisco.
CustomerRouter(config)#enable password cisco
b.Set an encrypted privileged password to cisco123 using the secret command.
CustomerRouter(config)#enable secret cisco123
Step 3: Configure the console password.
a. In global configuration mode, switch to line configuration mode to specify the console line.
CustomerRouter(config)#line console 0
b.Set the password to cisco123, require that the password be entered at login, and then exit line
configuration mode.
CustomerRouter(config-line)#password cisco123
CustomerRouter(config-line)#login
CustomerRouter(config-line)#exit
CustomerRouter(config)#
Step 4: Configure the vty password to allow Telnet access to the router.
a. In global configuration mode, switch to line configuration mode to specify the vty
lines.
CustomerRouter(config)#line vty 0 4
b.Set the password to cisco123, require that the password be entered at login, exit line
configuration mode, and then
exit the configuration session.
CustomerRouter(config-line)#password cisco123
CustomerRouter(config-line)#login
CustomerRouter(config-line)#exit
CustomerRouter(config)#
Step 5: Configure password encryption, a MOTD banner, and turn off domain server
lookup.
a. Currently, the line passwords and the enable password are shown in clear text when you show
the
running configuration. Verify this now by entering the show running-config command.
To avoid the security risk of someone looking over your shoulder and reading the passwords,
encrypt
all clear text passwords.
CustomerRouter(config)#service password-encryption
Use the show running-config command again to verify that the passwords are encrypted.
To provide a warning when someone attempts to log in to the router, configure a MOTD banner.
CustomerRouter(config)#banner motd $Authorized Access Only!$
Test the banner and passwords. Log out of the router by typing the exit command twice. The
banner displays before
the prompt for a password. Enter the password to log back into the router.
You may have noticed that when you enter a command incorrectly at the user or privileged
EXEC prompt, the router
pauses while trying to locate an IP address for the mistyped word you entered. For example, this
output shows what
happens when the enable command is mistyped.
CustomerRouter>emable
Translating "emable"...domain server (255.255.255.255)
To prevent this from happening, use the following command to stop all DNS lookups from the
router CLI.
CustomerRouter(config)#no ip domain-lookup
Save the running configuration to the startup configuration.
CustomerRouter(config)#end
CustomerRouter#copy run start
Step 6: Verify the configuration.
a. Log out of your terminal session with the Cisco 1841 customer router.
b. Log in to the Cisco 1841 Customer Router. Enter the console password when prompted.
c. Navigate to privileged EXEC mode. Enter the privileged EXEC password when
prompted.
d. Click the Check Results button at the bottom of this instruction window to check your
work.
Chapter 4 : Challenges & Opportunities
4.1Challenges faced during Internship

There are many challenges during our stay, such as Financial problem,
Shortage of staffs to guide us, Power fluctuation, shortage of network
cables, no adequate internet connection. and Shortage of time to cover
all things. The most mandatory challenges that is occurred during
internships is Financial problem of the organization to fulfill all
material for practice.

4.2 Career opportunities in the organization

In AARTMA there is a lot of job opportunities that can need more

persons that related to our field of study. For example the traffic control
center run their work with only eight employees, similarly other
departments under the directorate have vacancy, so they need man
power like Information Security Analyst, Database Analyst, Computer
& Information Systems Manager, website developer.
 Chapter 5: Knowledge Acquired during Internship

Technical knowledge we acquire includes :

 How a cable are putted inside trucker to connected a node.
 How we design logical implementation of network infrastructure .
 How a cable are punched on node for connection.
 How cable are punched on patch panel.
 How we arranged straight through cable and cross-over cable.
 How we crimp a cable to RJ-45 using Crimper.
 Chapter 6 : Conclusion and Recommendation
6.1. Conclusion

At The practical attachment what we have done for 45 days is field of

work. This practical attachment gives us the experience, an attractive
work and intelligence activities for professional skill and knowledge on
our job application for the work activities performed professionally. This
attachment helps to find the job opportunity practiced in the
organization to change better information access to serve the public. In
general this practical attachment develops the ability,
knowledge,experience and skill to recognize the real world environment
Networking .

In general, we developed good confidence that will make us familiar to

the work place after graduation. And also Upgrade our theoretical
knowledge and visualizations. Upgrading our ability to be creative,
confident and take risks in our future professional career.
 6.2. Recommendation
 For the Organization
we would like to recommend that the organization should facilitate the
following pre-conduction for the student.
 The traffic control center office should increase their employee number.
 The co-ordination between high levels to low level staffs should be
good.
 The employee should be punctual.
 The material should be sufficient.
 The day of the practical attachment have to be maximized.
 The budget for the practical attachment is not enough.
 About Practical Attachment
We would like to Recommend practical attachment is good way to
acquire basic knowledge, however durations of the practice is one very
short in the internships. Because some course require practices that we
had learnt from 1st to 3rd year to cover the theory into practical. Such as
application, maintenance, operating system. So the department should
increase duration of internship period to cover all things, and also assign
advisors for the student for motivations.
 References

 Practical attachment guidelines.

 Guideline of Field Practice Report writing.
 Google (www.google.com)
 YouTube (www.youtube.com)
Appendices
AARTMA-------Addis Ababa road Traffic Management Agency

PC----------------- Personal Computer

LAN-----------------Local Area Network

ICT-------Information Communication Technology

CAT-6-----Category 6

UTP------Unshielded Twisted Pair

STP-------Shielded Twisted Pair

RJ-45-----Register Jack 45

RJ-11-----Register Jack 11