Cloud

Computing
Presented by
Dr. Amany AbdElSamea

1
Outline

• Virtualization
• Types of Hypervisors
• Cloud Computing
• Cloud Computing Models
• Cloud Computing Open Source Tools
• Amazon Web Services
• Role of Cloud Computing in IoT

2
 Virtualization
• Virtualization refers to the act of creating a virtual (rather than actual)
version of something, including virtual computer hardware platforms,
operating systems, storage devices, and computer network resources.
• Virtualization offers a layer of abstraction between the computing
resources and the applications running over it.
• Virtualization is the ability to run multiple operating systems on a single
physical system and share the underlying hardware resources.
• Virtualization is used to improve IT throughput and costs by using physical
resources as a pool from which virtual resources can be allocated.
Before and After Virtualization
 Various Terminologies
• Virtual machine: It is a closely detached software device that could run its
own operating system and application as if it is running on a physical
machine. It contains its own virtual RAM, CPU, Disk, and Network etc.,.

• Guest operating system: Operating system running in a VM environment.

• Virtual machine monitor: This can be a part of hypervisor or can be a

separate software entity, that runs between the host operating system
and hypervisor.

• Hosted virtualization: A method where virtualization and partitioning

services run on top of a typical OS.

• Hypervisor: It is a thin layer of software that provides virtual partitioning

abilities that run directly on hardware,, but underneath higher level
virtualization services.
Virtualization Architecture

Virtual
Machines

Virtual
Hardware

Virtualization
Layer

Physical
Hardware
 Types of Hypervisors

Bare metal/ Native Hypervisor Hosted Hypervisor

 Types of Hypervisors cont.,
Criteria Type1 hypervisor Type 2 hypervisor
(Bare-metal or Native) (Hosted)
Definition Runs directly on the system with VMs Runs on a conventional operating
running on them system
Virtualization Hardware virtualization OS Virtualization

Scalability Better scalability Not so much, because of its

reliance on the underlying OS
System Independence Has direct access to hardware along with Are not allowed to directly access
virtual machines it hosts the host hardware and its resources
Speed Faster Slower because of the system’s
dependency
Security More secure Less secure, as any problem in the
basic operating system affects the
entire system including the
protected hypervisor
Examples - VMware ESXi - VMware workstation player
- Microsoft Hyper-V - Microsoft virtual PC
- Citrix XenServer (Xen) - Sun’s virtual Box
- KVM
Top 5 Type 1 Hypervisors in Market
Top 5 Type 2 Hypervisors in Market
 Benefits of Virtualization
• Sharing of resources helps cost reduction.
• Isolation: Virtual machines are isolated from
each other as if they are physically separated
• Encapsulation: Virtual machines encapsulate a
complete computing environment
• Hardware Independence: Virtual machines
run independently of underlying hardware
• Portability: Virtual machines can be migrated
between different hosts.
Levels of Virtualization

vCUDA, WINE, WABI

Docker, Jail, FVM

 Containers

• Operating system virtualization.

• They are an abstraction at the app layer
that package code and dependencies
together.
• The containers share the host OS kernel
and, usually, the binaries and libraries,
too.
• Containers are exceptionally lightweight-
they are only megabytes in size and take
just seconds to boot
Virtualization and Containerization
Virtual Machine vs. Container
 Distributed Computing

Distributed Computing

Peer-to-Peer Cluster
Grid Computing Cloud Computing
Computing Computing

Edge
Fog Computing
Computing
 Cloud Computing
• Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of
compute power, database storage, applications,
and other IT resources through a cloud services
platform via the internet with pay-as-you-go
pricing
 Why Use Clouds?
 Reduction of costs:
• The price of deploying applications in the cloud can be less due to lower
hardware costs from more effective use of physical resources.
 Universal access:
• Cloud can allow remotely located employees to access applications and
work via the internet.
 Flexibility:
• Users are allowed to switch applications easily and rapidly. However,
migrating data between applications can be an issue.
 Up to date software:
• A cloud provider will also be able to upgrade software
 Big data analytics:
• Cloud can offer you the possibility of storing your big data and accessing
it from anywhere at anytime.
Cloud Computing Deployment Model
Cloud Computing Service Model
Cloud Computing Layered Architecture
 Cloud Computing Advantages
• Access your data at all times not just while in
the office
• A physical storage center is no longer needed
• Easily scalable
• World-class service delivery
• No hardware or software to install
• Instant software updates
 Cloud Computing Disadvantage
• Lost control comes with handling over your
data and information
• Depending on third-party to ensure the
security and confidentiality of data and
information
Timeline for Cloud Open Source Tools
 What are Web Services?
A web service is any piece of software that makes itself
available over the internet and uses a standardized format
(XML or JSON) for the request and the response of an API
interaction.

Request message

Internet
Response message
Client Web service
 Amazon Web Services
• Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a collection of remote computing services
(web services) that together make up a cloud computing platform, offered
over the Internet by Amazon.com.
• Website: http://aws.amazon.com
• AWS is located in 9 geographical 'Regions‘. Each Region is wholly contained
within a single country and all of its data and services stay within the
designated Region.
• Each Region has multiple 'Availability Zones', which are distinct data centers
providing AWS services.

26
On-Premises and AWS Comparison

On-Premises Infrastructure Amazon Web Services

Security
Firewalls ACLs Administrators Security Network Identity Access
Groups Access Management
Control
Lists
Networki Network
ng Elastic
Router Network Pipeline Switch
Load Amazon
Balancing VPC
On-
Premises VPC
Servers Servers
Amazon Amazon EC2
Machine Image Instances

Storage and
DAS SAN NAS RDBMS
Database
Elastic Elastic Amazon RDS
Block Store File System Amazon
S3
AWS by Category: Core Services
AWS by Category: Foundational Services
 The Role of Cloud Computing in IoT
Cloud computing platforms offer the potential to use large amounts of resources, both in
terms of the storage of data and also in the ability to bring flexible and scalable processing
resources to the analysis of data.

1. Enables remote computing capabilities:

With a large storage capacity, IoT eliminates the dependencies on on-site infrastructure.
With continued development and internet-based tech development such as the internet and
devices supporting advanced cloud solutions, cloud technology has become mainstream.
2. Security & Privacy:
Tasks can be handled automatically with cloud tech & IoT, organizations are able to reduce
security threats by a considerable amount.
3. Data Integration:
Cloud-based solutions with powerful data integration capabilities are able to handle a large
amount of data generated from multiple sources along with its centralized storage,
processing and analysis.
4. Minimal Hardware Dependency:
Presently, several IoT solutions offer plug-and-play hosting services that are enabled by
integrating the cloud with the IoT.
Questions