Integrated Intelligent Research (IIR) International Journal of Data Mining Techniques and Applications

Volume: 06 Issue: 01 June 2017, Page No.36-38

ISSN: 2278-2419

Fuzzy Quasi Regular Ring

Shrooq Bahjat Smeein
Lecturer - Department of IT (Math Section), Shinas college of Technology. Oman
Email: [email protected]

Abstract - Let R be a commutative ring with unity. In this 1.6 Definition [7]
A ring R is said to be Quasi regular if for a∈ R there is
paper we introduce and study Fuzzy Quasi regular ring as
generalizations of (ordinary) Quasi regular ring. We give some 2
basic properties about these concepts. e =e ∈ Ra such that a( 1−e )∈ J ( R) .

Keywords: Fuzzy set ,Fuzzy ring , Quasi regular ring ,Fuzzy (For all a∈ R , there is x∈ R such that ( xa)2 =xa and
maximal ideal a−axa ∈ J ( R ) ).
We fuzzified this concept as follows.
I. INTRODUCTION
1.7 Definition
The notation of Fuzzy subset was introduced by L.A.Zadeh [1]. Let X be Fuzzy ring, X is called Fuzzy Quasi regular
His seminar paper in 1965 has opened up new insights and
applications in a wide range of scientific fields. Liu [2] has
If and only if
∀a t ∈ X ,∃e k ∈ X , 2
e k =e k
studies Fuzzy ideals and Fuzzy ring. Regular rings were
presented by Skornyakov [3] as a generalization this to concept
Such that
at (1 x(0 )−ek )∈ F−J( X ) .
(Nicholson) gave the concept of Quasi regular ring [4]. We
present Fuzzy Quasi regular ring by extending the notation of
(
∀a t ∈ X ,∃ x k ∈ X such that
a t x k =(a t x k )
2
,
(ordinary) Quasi regular ring. We give some basic results 2
about Fuzzy Quasi regular ring. Also we study the at −a t x k ∈ F−J ( X ) )
holomorphic image of Fuzzy Quasi regular ring.

II. FUZZY QUASI REGULAR RING 1.8 Proposition

Let X be a Fuzzy ring

at ⊆ X ,at ∈ F−J ( X ) then
1.1 DEFINITION [1]
Let S be a non-empty set and I be the closed interval 1−a t r k invertible singleton in X.
[0,1] of the real line (real numbers). A Fuzzy set A in
S (a Fuzzy subset of S) is a function from S into I.
Proof: Let
at ∈ F−J( X )⇒ at ∈ any maximal Fuzzy
1.2 Definition [2] ideal of X
Let Xt: S  [0, 1] be a Fuzzy set in S, where xS ideal of X
t[0,1] defined by: Xt(y) =t if x=y, and Xt(y) = 0 1x(0)−a t r k
if xy yS. Xt is called a Fuzzy singleton or Suppose is not invertible singleton, then there
Fuzzy point on S. ¿1x(0)−a t r k >¿ ¿
is a Maximal Fuzzy ideal A of X Such that
1.3 Remark [1] ⊂A .
The following properties of level subsets hold for each t(0,1]
1. (AB)t=At  Bt Hence
1x(0)−a t r k ∈ A a ∈A
,but t implies that
a t rk ∈ A ,
2. A=B if and only if At=Bt, for all t(0,1].
1x(0) ∈ A
hence .
1.4 Definition [5]
Let (R,+,) be a ring and let X be a Fuzzy set in ٌR. Then X is
This implies A= X b ∈X , b s=1 x(0) b s
because for any s
called a Fuzzy ring in ring (R,+,) if and only if, for each x, y 
R bs ∈ A 1 ∈A
Which implies since x(0) .
1. X(x+y)  min{X(x), X(y)} Thus X =A which is contradiction.
2. X(x) = X(– x)
3. X(xy)  min{X(x), X(y)}. 1.9 Proposition

1.5 Definition [6] Let X be a Fuzzy ring then

( F−J ( X ))t ⊆ J( X t ) ,
A Fuzzy subset X of a ring R is called a Fuzzy ideal of R, if for ∀ t ∈[ 0,1 ] .
each x, y  R
Proof: Let
a∈(F −J ( X ))t , Hence at ∈ F−J( X )
1. X(x–y)  min{X(x), X(y)}
2. X(xy)  max{X(x), X(y)}. To prove
a∈J( X t )
1
Integrated Intelligent Research (IIR) International Journal of Data Mining Techniques and Applications
Volume: 06 Issue: 01 June 2017, Page No.36-38
ISSN: 2278-2419

We must prove
∀r ∈ X t , 1−ar invertible in
Xt ⇒∃r k ∈ X Suchthat

Since
at ∈ X t ⇒r t ∈ X 2
t
at −a r k =O λ ⊆ O x ( 0) ∈ F−J ( X ) , λ=min {t , k }
Then X is Fuzzy Quasi regular ring
a ∈ F−J( X ),r t ∈ X 1x(0)−r t a t
Since t , we have F−J ( X )=O x( 0 )
invertible (singleton) in X To prove
(1−ra)t invertible singleton in X a ∈ F−J( X ) , since X is Fuzzy regular
Let t
Implies that
∃bl ∈ X such that (1−ra)t bl=1x (0) ⇒∃r k ∈ X Such that at −at 2 r k ⊆O x ( 0)
Then
[(1−ra)b]λ=1 x(0 ) ⇒ at (1 x(0)−at r k )⊆Ox(0)
Implies that
⇒ λ=x ( 0 ) and (1−ra )b=1
By
(at ∈ F−J ( X )⇒ 1 x(0 ) −at r k invertible)
⇒(1−ra ) inv.elem.in X t ⇒b l ∈ X such that (1x(0)−a t rk )bl =1 x(0 )
⇒ a∈ J ( X t ) (1x(0)−a t r k )bl ⊆O x(0 )
Then
The following result explains the relationship between
Fuzzy Quasi regular ring and its level. at 1x( 0) ⊆O x(0 ) ⇒a t =Ot ⊆O x(0 )
1.10 Corollary
Then
F−J ( X )=O x( 0 )
Let X be a Fuzzy Quasi regular ring, then
Xt is Quasi-regular 1.12 Proposition
ring, ∀ t ∈[ 0,1) . In a Fuzzy Quasi regular ring every Fuzzy non unit is a Fuzzy
a∈ Xt , then at ∈ X zero divisor
Proof: Let .But X is
Proof: Let X is a Fuzzy Quasi regular ring then
Xt is Quasi
Fuzzy Quasi regular ring
∃r k ∈ X 2
t
at −a r k ∈ F−J ( X )
regular ring
So
2
such that
Let
at ∈X not unit, then
a∈ X t (a is non unit)
(a−a r ) λ ∈ F−J ( X ) , λ=min {t , k } 2
Then
2
⇒ a−a r ∈J ( X t )
a−a r ∈( F−J ( X )) λ ⊆ J( X λ ) , 2
⇒1−a+a r Invertible element
2
Implies that
a−a r ∈ J ( X λ ) 1.13 Theorem
Since λ=min {t , k } , so λ=t or λ=k
Let X be a Fuzzy Quasi regular ring, then for every
Fuzzy ideal of X
If λ=t , then
a−a2 r ∈ J ( X t ) and
Xt I ∩K=I ∘ K + F−J ( x )∩( I ∩K )
is quasi regular ring Proof: Since F−J ( X )∩( I ∩K )⊆ I ∩K

If λ=k , then λ<k X t ⊆ X k =X λ

and so
and I ∘ K ⊆I ∩K
⇒ I ∘ K + F−J ( X )∩( I ∩K ) ⊆ I ∩K
⇒ a−a r ∈J ( X t ) and so X t is Quasi regular ring
2

Let
at ⊆ I∩K ,since X is Fuzzy Quasi regular ring
If λ=k ,then k< t so
Xt ⊆ Xk ⊆ X λ 2
⇒∃ x k ⊆ X , ∋a t −a t x k ∈ F−J ( X ) ,
⇒ { maximal ideal in X } ⊆ { maximal ideal in X λ } at x k =(at x k )
2 2
t ⇒ at −a t x k ∈ I ∩K
a−a2 r ∈ J ( X t ) and so X is Quasi regular ring 2
Thus t ⇒ at −a t x k ∈ F−J ( X )∩( I ∩K )
2
1.11 Proposition
Let
at −a t x k =bl , bl ∈ F−J (x )∩( I∩K )
X is Fuzzy regular ring if and only if X is Fuzzy Quasi regular 2 2
F−J ( X )=O x(0 ) ⇒ at =a t x k +bl , it is clear a t x k ∈ I ∘ K
ring and
⇒ at ∈ I ∘ K + F−J ( X )∩( I∩K )
Proof: Let
at ∈ X , since X is Fuzzy regular
⇒ I∩K ⊆ I ∘ K + F−J ( X )∩( I∩K )
1.14 Corollary
2
Integrated Intelligent Research (IIR) International Journal of Data Mining Techniques and Applications
Volume: 06 Issue: 01 June 2017, Page No.36-38
ISSN: 2278-2419
Let X be a Fuzzy Quasi regular ring, then for every fuzzy ideal Then Y is Quasi regular Fuzzy ring
of X
2 Recommendations
I=I +F−J ( x)∩I The extension to this can be given to find the Inverse Image for
2 f : X → Y Quasi regular Fuzzy ring, Other researchers must
K=K +F−J ( X )∩K
Proof: If I=K ,then conduct similar studies related to quasi regular Fuzzy ring and
2 to further validate the claims of this study
I∩K=(I ∩K ) +F−J ( X )∩( I∩K ) ,
2 References
( I∩K ) ⊆ I ∘ K [1] Zahdi,L.A.,(1965), Fuzzy Sets, Information and Control,
⇒ I ∩K ⊆ I ∘ K + F−J ( X )∩( I ∩K ) 8, 338-353.
[2] Liu, W.J., (1982), Fuzzy Invariant Subgroups and Fuzzy
I ∘ K +F−J ( X )∩(I ∩K )⊆I ∩K Ideals, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 8, 133-139.
⇒ I ∩K =I ∘ K + F−J ( X )∩( I ∩K ) [3] L.A. Skornyakov (2001), "Regular ring (in the sense of
2 von Neumann)", in Hazewinkel, E cyclopedia of
Then I=I +F−J ( x)∩I Mathematics, Springer, ISBN 978-1-55608-010-4
[4] Nicholson, w. Keith. (1973): "Rings whose Elements
1.15 Corollary are Quasi-Regular or regular." Equations Mathematica
Let X be a Fuzzy Quasi regular ring then for every 964-70.
[5] Nanda, S., (1989), Fuzzy Modules Over Fuzzy Rings,
a ,b ⊆ X
t h Bull. Col.Math. Soc., 81, 197-200.
[6] Bhambert, S.K., Kumar and Kumar P., (1995), Fuzzy
Prime Submodule and Radical of Fuzzy Submodules, Bull.
¿b >¿<a >=<(ab ) >+F −J ( X )∩¿a >¿<b >¿ ¿
l t λ t h Soc., 87, 163-168.
[7] Nuhad S.Al Mathafar; (1993) Z-regular Modules, M.Sc.
1.16 Proposition Thesis, Mosul University

If A is Fuzzy ideal such that t A +<a >= X ∀a ∉ A

t ,
[8] Malik, D. S. and Mordeson, J. N., “Fuzzy Maximal,
Radical and Primary Ideals of a Ring”, Information
then A is maximal Fuzzy ideal Sciences, Vol.35, pp.237-250, (1991).
[9] Kasch , F. " Modules and Rings " Academic Press ,
London , New York , ( 1982 ) .
Proof: Suppose ∃B Fuzzy ideal such that A ⊂B ⊆ X
[10] Goodearl , K.R. " Ring Theory " Marcel Dekker , New
Then
∃a ∈B
t and t
a ∉ A ⇒ A ⊂ A +< a >⊆ B ⊆ X
t York , ( 1972 ) .

⇒ X ⊆ B ⊆ X ⇒ B= X , then A is Fuzzy maximal

1.17 Lemma
Let f : X →Y , f is homomorphism, then
f (F−J ( X ))⊆ F−J (Y )
f (F−J ( X ))⊆ f ( ¿ Li )
Proof: i∈ Λ

(
Ll is Fuzzy maximal ideal in X
⊆ ¿ f ( Li )
i∈ Λ )

But
f (Li ) is Fuzzy maximal ideal in Y ⊆∩F−J (Y )

1.18 Proposition
Let f : X →Y epimorphism. If X is Quasi regular Fuzzy
ring then Y is Quasi regular Fuzzy ring

Proof: Let
y t ∈Y , since f is onto ⇒∃ x ∈ R

such that f (x )= y , hence

y t =f ( xt )
But
f (x t −x 2 r k )∈ F−J ( X )
t for some
rk ∈ X
f (x t −x 2 r k )∈ f ( F−J ( X ))⊆ F−J (Y )
⇒ t
2
⇒ f ( x t )−f (r k )( f ( xt )) ∈ F−J (Y )
⇒ y t −r t y 2 ∈ F−J (Y )
¿
t
3