Scribd
Upload
65 views11 pages

Unit I Problems

1) Air flows through a converging-diverging nozzle where it accelerates from subsonic to supersonic speeds. 2) At the nozzle exit, a normal shock wave occurs when the Mach number reaches 2.0. 3) Properties after the shock wave include: a pressure of 0.863 MPa, a temperature of 328 K, a Mach number of 0.577, a velocity of 210 m/s, and a stagnation pressure of 1.081 MPa.

Uploaded by

aerolab instructor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
65 views11 pages

Unit I Problems

1) Air flows through a converging-diverging nozzle where it accelerates from subsonic to supersonic speeds. 2) At the nozzle exit, a normal shock wave occurs when the Mach number reaches 2.0. 3) Properties after the shock wave include: a pressure of 0.863 MPa, a temperature of 328 K, a Mach number of 0.577, a velocity of 210 m/s, and a stagnation pressure of 1.081 MPa.

Uploaded by

aerolab instructor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 11

Problem 1 Lect-31

Air enters a converging duct with varying flow area at T1 =400 K


P1=100 kPa, and M1=0.3. Assuming steady isentropic flow.
Determine T2, P2, and M2 at a location where the flow area has
been reduced by 20 percent.

T1=400K
T2 =?
P1=100 kPa
M1=0.3 P2=?
A1 M2=?
A2 = 0.8A1

Gojan School of Business and Technology


Solution: Problem 1 Lect-31

• From the isentropic tables, for a Mach number of 0.3,


• A1/A*=2.0351, T1/T0=0.9823, P1/P0=0.9395
• With a 20% area reduction, A2=0.8A1
• A2/A*= A2/A1 x A1/A* =0.8 x 2.0351
=1.6281
• For this value of area ratio, from the isentropic tables,
T2/T0=0.9701, P2/P0=0.8993 and therefore M2=0.391

Gojan School of Business and Technology


Solution: Problem 1 Lect-31

T2 T2 / T0  T2 / T0   0.9701 
  T2  T1    400 
T T /T  T1 / T0   0.9823 
1 1 0
T2  395 K
P2 P2 / P0  P2 /P0   0.8993 
  P2  P1    100 
P P /P  P1 /P0   0.9395 
1 1 0

P2  95.7 kPa
The static temperature and temperature drops
in flow through a converging nozzle. There is an
increase in the Mach number.

Gojan School of Business and Technology


Problem 2 Lect-31

Air enters a converging–diverging nozzle, shown in the Figure, at


1.0 MPa and 800 K with a negligible velocity. For an exit
Mach number of M=2 and a throat area of 20 cm2,

Determine (a) the throat conditions, (b) the exit plane


conditions, including the exit area, and (c) the mass flow rate
through the Throat area = 20cm2
nozzle. T = 800 K
0
P0 = 1 MPa
V =0 Me=2.0

Gojan School of Business and Technology


Solution: Problem 2 Lect-31

• The nozzle exit Mach number is given as


2.0. Therefore the throat Mach number must be 1.0.
• Since the inlet velocity is negligible, the stagnation pressure
and stagnation temperature are the same as the inlet
temperature and pressure, P0=1.0 MPa and T0=800 K.

 ρ0  P0 / RT0  4.355kg /m3

Gojan School of Business and Technology


Solution: Problem 2 Lect-31

(a) At the throat, M  1. From the isentropic tables,


P* T* ρ*
 0.5283,  0.8333,  0.6339
P0 T0 ρ0
P*  0.5283P0  0.5283 MPa
T*  0.8333T0  666.6 K
ρ*  0.6339ρ0  2.761 kg / m3
Therefore, V*  γRT *  517.5 m / s

Gojan School of Business and Technology


Solution: Problem 2 Lect-31

(b) At the nozzle exit, M  2. From the isentropic tables,


Pe  0.1278, Te  0.5556, ρe  0.2300,
P0 T0 ρ0
Ae
M*  1.6330,  1.6875
A*

Therefore,
Pe  0.1278 P0  0.1278 MPa
Te  0.5556 T0  444.5K
ρe  0.2300 ρ0  1.002 kg / m3
Ae  1.6875A*  33.75 cm2

Gojan School of Business and Technology


Solution: Problem 2 Lect-31

The nozzle exit velocity can be determined fro


Ve  Me γRTe  2 1.4  287  444.5
 845.2 m /s

Gojan School of Business and Technology


Exercise Problem # 1 Lect-31

• Air enters a nozzle at 0.2 MPa, 350 K, and a velocity of 150


m/sAssuming isentropic flow, determine the pressure and
temperature of air at a location where the air velocity equals
the speed of sound. What is the ratio of the area at this
location to the entrance area?
• Ans: 0.118 MPa, 301 K, 0.629

Gojan School of Business and Technology


Exercise Problem # 2 Lect-31

• Air enters a converging–diverging nozzle at 0.5 MPa with a


negligible velocity. Assuming the flow to be isentropic,
determine the back pressure that will result in an exit Mach
number of 1.8.
• Ans: 0.087 MPa

10

Gojan School of Business and Technology


Exercise Problem # 5 Lect-31

• Air enters a converging–diverging nozzle of a supersonic wind


tunnel at 1.5 MPa and 350 K with a low velocity. If a normal shock
wave occurs at the exit plane of the nozzle at Me=2, determine
the pressure, temperature, Mach number, velocity, and stagnation
pressure after the shock wave.
• Ans: 0.863 MPa, 328 K, 0.577, 210 m/s,
1.081 MPa

You might also like