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2/15/2020 What is Unit Testing?

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Unit Testing
December 3, 2019

What is Unit Testing?


Unit testing is the rst level of testing performed on individual modules,
components or pieces of code. In unit testing, the individual modules are tested
as independent components to ensure that they work correctly and are t to be
assembled/integrated with other components. This testing is performed by
developers. The developers usually write unit tests for the piece of code written
by them.

As stated before, unit testing is the rst level of testing. Once individual
components are unit tested, integration testing is carried out.

Unit testing cannot be performed manually. The unit tests are always
automated and more speci cally use the White-box testing technique as the
knowledge of the piece of code and internal architecture is required to test the

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2/15/2020 What is Unit Testing?

code. The developers create unit tests passing required inputs to the test script
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and asserting the actual output with the expected results.

Advantages of Unit Testing


Defects within a module can be detected at earlier stages of
development. Hence the cost of xing the defects greatly reduces.
Unit testing improves testing ef ciency and better resource utilization as
testing of a module can be started without having to wait for other
modules to nish.
Exhaustive testing focusing on individual functionality is possible in unit
testing.
Unit tests aid in faster development and debugging as the impact of new
changes can be easily detected by running the unit tests.
A successful unit test report generates a sense of con dence about the
quality of the code. Modules successfully unit tested can be easily
merged with other modules.

Limitations of Unit Testing


Unit testing cannot detect integration or interfacing issues between two
modules.
It cannot catch complex errors in the system ranging from multiple
modules.
It cannot test non-functional attributes like usability, scalability, overall
performance of the system etc.
Unit tests cannot guarantee functional correctness or conformance of
application with its business requirements.

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 Levels of Testing
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 Integration Testing

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