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    Principles of Inheritance and Variation

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    Tulika Bhola
    This document discusses Mendel's laws of inheritance and variation. It introduces important genetic terms and concepts such as monohybrid crosses, dominance, segregation, and independent assortment. It also covers non-Mendelian inheritance patterns like incomplete dominance and co-dominance. Additionally, it discusses the chromosomal theory of inheritance, linkage and recombination, sex determination, mutation and genetic disorders.

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    Principles of Inheritance and Variation

    Uploaded by

    Tulika Bhola
    217 views16 pages
    This document discusses Mendel's laws of inheritance and variation. It introduces important genetic terms and concepts such as monohybrid crosses, dominance, segregation, and independent assortment. It also covers non-Mendelian inheritance patterns like incomplete dominance and co-dominance. Additionally, it discusses the chromosomal theory of inheritance, linkage and recombination, sex determination, mutation and genetic disorders.

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    5. Principles of Inheritance and Variation

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    This document discusses Mendel's laws of inheritance and variation. It introduces important genetic terms and concepts such as monohybrid crosses, dominance, segregation, and independent assortment. It also covers non-Mendelian inheritance patterns like incomplete dominance and co-dominance. Additionally, it discusses the chromosomal theory of inheritance, linkage and recombination, sex determination, mutation and genetic disorders.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    217 views16 pages

    Principles of Inheritance and Variation

    Uploaded by

    Tulika Bhola
    This document discusses Mendel's laws of inheritance and variation. It introduces important genetic terms and concepts such as monohybrid crosses, dominance, segregation, and independent assortment. It also covers non-Mendelian inheritance patterns like incomplete dominance and co-dominance. Additionally, it discusses the chromosomal theory of inheritance, linkage and recombination, sex determination, mutation and genetic disorders.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 16

    05

    PRINCIPLES OF
    INHERITANCE AND
    VARIATION
    By: Dr. Anand Mani
    IMPORTANT TERMS

    MENDEL'S LAWS OF inheritance


    parent fnageny
    >

    STEPS IN MAKING A CROSS (deliberate MATING) IN PEA

    TT tt
    inheritance OF ONE GENE
    Monohybrid cross

    Monohybrid phenotypic ratio:


    Monohybrid genotypic ratio:

    T d
    T d

    tt

    backcross and testcross


    unknown

    genotype
    MENDEL'S principles or laws OF inheritance
    1) first law (Law of dominance)

    2) second law (Law of segregation) Tt

    Inheritance of two genes seed shape


    seed colour
    3) Third law (Law of independent assortment)
    •
    •

    the concept of dominance


    •
    •

    other patterns of inheritance


    (non mendelian inheritance)

    1) incomplete dominance
    2) co-dominance
    •

    •
    •

    •
    •

    3) multiple allelism

    4) polygenic inheritance

    human skin colour


    5) pleitropy

    starch synthesis in pea plant

    Chromosomal theory of inheritance


    Chromosomal theory of inheritance (1902)
    gametogenesis

    linkage and recombination


    •

    •
    •

    sex determination
    mechanism of sex determination

    sex determination in humans ( xx-yy type)

    sex determination in honeybee


    mutation and genetic disorders
    mutation

    α β γ

    pedigree analysis

    symbols used in pedigree


    analysis
    genetic disorders

    1) mendelian disorders

    Haemophilia (royal disease)


    colour blindness
    •
    •

    •
    •
    •

    sickle-cell anaemia

    β
    phenylketonuria

    thalassemia
    a b

    a b

    2) chromosomal disorders
    Examples of chromosomal disorders
    down's syndrome

    features
    • •
    • •
    •
    • •

    klinefelter's syndrome

    features
    •

    •
    •

    turner's syndrome

    features

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