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Automatic Train Control

This document provides an overview of automatic train control systems. It discusses historical automatic train systems from the late 19th/early 20th century and more modern train protection and warning systems. The key automatic train control systems covered are Automatic Train Protection (ATP), which monitors train speed and can apply brakes if limits are exceeded, Automatic Train Operation (ATO), which allows trains to drive themselves, and Automatic Train Supervision (ATS), which extends ATO to automate signalling. The European Train Control System (ETCS) is also introduced as a standardized train control system being implemented across Europe.

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396 views14 pages

Automatic Train Control

This document provides an overview of automatic train control systems. It discusses historical automatic train systems from the late 19th/early 20th century and more modern train protection and warning systems. The key automatic train control systems covered are Automatic Train Protection (ATP), which monitors train speed and can apply brakes if limits are exceeded, Automatic Train Operation (ATO), which allows trains to drive themselves, and Automatic Train Supervision (ATS), which extends ATO to automate signalling. The European Train Control System (ETCS) is also introduced as a standardized train control system being implemented across Europe.

Uploaded by

sswahyudi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Automatic Train Control

Hoang Nga Nguyen

Department of Computer Science


Swansea University

October, 2011
Outline

I Introduction
I Historical systems
I Train protection and warning systems
I Automatic Train Protection
I ATO and ATS
I European Train Control System
I Summary
Introduction

I Automatic Train Control (ATC) reduces the involvement of


human in the operation of trains.
I Aims: Improving safety, train services, reducing staff costs.
I Functions:
I Automatic Train Protection (ATP)
I Automatic Train Operation (ATO)
I Automatic Train Supervision (ATS)
Historical systems

Great Western Railway “Automatic Train Control”


Historical systems

British Rail Automatic Warning System


Historical systems

Trainstop
Train Protection and Warning System
I Aim: reduce the number of Signals Passed At Danger
I Functions:
I Speed Trap
I Trainstop
Automatic Train Protection

I Aim: ensure the safe driving of trains at all times


I Implementation: trains carry a fail-safe computer eusuring
that the train does not exceed a safe speed
I The computer needs to know a variety of data to calculate the
safe speed, including: current train speed/distance, train
length, train braking performance, maximum train speed,
route data (gradient, maximum line speed).
Automatic Train Protection

Operation of ATP
I Calculate the maximum permitted speed
I Display to the driver
I Monitor the actual train speed against this:
I if exceed by a certain tolerance (5km/h), then sound a
warning, as long as the driver reacts
I if the driver reacts, e.g. by reducing the speed, the warning
will cease
I if he fails to do so, the brake is applied automatically. The
driver must but cannot release the brake until the speed
reduces to the permitted level.
ATO and ATS

I ATO is an adaptation of ATP to allow train to drive itself


I Benefits: no need for a driver, acceleration and braking are
smoother and more consistent, instant reaction to changing
conditions, easy regulation of train service.
I Limitations: inabilities to recover from a complete failure of
the system, to respond to unexpected obstruction on the line.
I ATS extends ATO to automate the signaller’s role
European Train Control System

Level 1
European Train Control System

Level 2
European Train Control System

Level 3
Summary

I Historical automatic trains systems: GWR ATC, BR AWS,


Trainstop.
I ATC systems: ATP, ATO, ATS and ETCS.

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