CS SRG Paper-1B-answers

Cambridge IGCSE™ and O Level Computer Science
Practice Paper 1B answers
1 a) i)
O 0 0 0 0
F 1 1 1 1
F 1 1 1 1
1 0 0 0 1
C 1 1 0 0
E 1 1 1 0
[2]
a) ii) It’s an easy security code to crack (too short, spells out an actual word, no other
characters, etc.)
[1]
b) i) 45 = 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
[1]
b) ii) 83 = 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1
–83 = 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
[1]
b) iii) 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 this equates to –38 in denary which is the correct result for 45 + (–
83)
[2]
c) i) Successive division by 16 gives remainders of 3, 10 and 15 which equates to 3 A F in
hexadecimal.
[2]
c) ii) One from the following:
o Used in MAC addresses
o Used in IPv6 addresses
o Used in error codes
o Used in HTML colour codes
[2]
2 a) i) Two from the following:
o Faster than humans taking any necessary action
o Safer if automated system is part of a hazardous system
o System is more likely to run under optimum conditions
o Less expensive in the long run/more energy efficient
o Can be a more effective use of materials and resources
Cambridge IGCSE™ and O Level Computer Science Second Edition Study and Revision Guide 1
© Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2022
o May increase the overall productivity

o Results are more consistent
[2]
a) ii) Two from the following:
o Often expensive to set up and purchase initially
o There is always the possibility for a set of conditions to occur which weren’t considered during
the development stage
o The constant fear of cyberattacks (hacking, viruses, and so on)
o Automated systems need enhanced maintenance to operate correctly
o This can be very expensive
[2]
b)
1 Actuators
2 Sensors
3 User interface
4 Microprocessor/computer
5 Database
[3]
c) i and ii)
o Car detected by sensors as it approaches barrier
o Signal sent to microprocessor which then sends signal to camera to take an image
o Software used to extract number plate from image; OCR software then used to convert number
plate characters into digital characters
o Driver issued with ticket containing date and time of entry
o Microprocessor sends signal to activator to operate motor to raise barrier
o Additional sensors detect that car has gone past the barrier and signal sent to microprocessor
which then sends signal to actuator to close the barrier
o Car’s number plate and date and time of entry are now stored on a database
o When motorist returns to car park, they insert ticket into machine and the database is
searched; parking charge is then calculated and motorist pays fee and ticket is returned
o Motorist drives up to exit barrier and inserts ticket into machine (or cameras retake image of
car); a check is made whether fee has been paid ….
o …. and microprocessor sends a signal to the actuator to operate motor to raise barrier
3 a) i)
[4]
a) ii) No direct human input is needed; the device can operate independently
[1]
b) ii) Two from the following:
o It is safer since human error is removed when operating vehicles
o Leads to less traffic congestion; autonomous road vehicles can move more efficiently in cities
and on motorways at busy times (due to increased lane capacity)
o Stress-free environment for drivers and passengers
o With public transport, it improves the punctuality of buses, trams and trains
o There is a reduction in running costs (due to more efficient operation)
o Increased bus, tram and train frequency (autonomous public vehicles can lead to increased
frequency of the service)
o It is easier to alter the bus, tram or train schedule at short notice (if some event makes this
necessary)
[2]
b) iii) Two from the following:
o The system needs constant maintenance to work effectively and safely (cleaning of sensors,
cameras, etc.)
o On public transport, ensuring the good behaviour of passengers (especially at peak times) can
lead to problems (for example, jamming doors, too many people trying to board at once, and so
on)
o There is a need for a good, reliable control system (for example, CCTV); this can be expensive to
maintain
o General public “fear” of automated systems (e.g. hacking into engine management systems in a
car could be disastrous)
[2]
c)
Knowledge Rules Inference

Statements
base base engine
Acts like a search engine by examining ✓
knowledge and data to see if it matches the
queries
Repository of facts; a collection of objects and ✓
attributes
✓
A set of inference rules
✓
Uses inference rules to draw conclusions
Follows logical thinking; often uses a set of “IF” ✓

statements to draw a logical conclusion
Stores all the knowledge about an area of ✓

expertise obtained from a number of sources
[6]
4 a) i) A form of digital currency that uses a chain of decentralised computers to control

and monitor transactions.
[1]
a) ii) Data; new hash value; previous hash value.
[3]
b)
o Phishing: sending out legitimate-looking emails designed to trick the recipient into giving their
personal details to the sender of the email.
o Pharming: redirecting a user to a fake website in order to illegally obtain personal data about
the user without their knowledge; unlike phishing, pharming is initiated without needing any
action by the user.
o Trojan horse: a type of malware that is designed to look like legitimate software but contains
malicious code that can cause damage to a computer system.
[6]
5
a) i) Screensaver
a) ii) Device driver
a) iii) Interrupt
a) iv) Buffer (or RAM)
a) v) Bootstrap/boot file
[5]
b) i)
CLI: an interface that allows direct communication with the computer by typing in commands using
a keyboard.
GUI: an interface that uses icons to represent apps and tasks which can be selected/launched by
clicking on a mouse or using a touch screen.
[2]
b) ii)
Two of the following advantages:
o The user is in direct communication with the computer
o The user is not restricted to pre-determined actions/options
o It is possible to alter computer settings directly
o Needs very little memory requirement
[2]
Two of the following disadvantages:
o The user needs to learn commands and must type them in using the correct format
o It is time-consuming and error-prone
o The user needs to have some understanding of how computers work
[2]
6 a) Order: 3, 5, 1, 4, 6, 2 (Note: item 1 can be placed in any order)
[5]
b)
PC: a register that stores the address where the next instruction to be read can be found.
MAR: a register that stores the address of the memory location currently being read from or
written to.
MDR: a register that stores data that has just been read from memory or data that is about to be
written to memory.
CIR: a register that stores the current instruction being decoded and executed.
[4]
7 a) i) Capacitive; infra-red; resistive.
[3]
a) ii)
Touchscreen technology Advantage

Capacitive
• if projective technology is used, multi-touch
facility (i.e. pinching and sliding) is allowed
• has good clarity in all lighting conditions
• durable screens which tolerate scratches
Infra-red
• allows multi-touch facility
• has good screen durability
• not severely affected by scratches or even
cracked screens
Resistive • has good resistance to dust and water
[3]
b)
o Direct 3D printing uses a print head moving left to right and up and down as it builds up the thin
layers (typically 0.1 mm thick).
o Binder 3D printing works in a similar way to direct printing, except there are two passes of the
print head for each layer; the first pass is dry powder and the second pass is a binding agent
(which holds the powder layers together).
[2]
c)
o Inkjet printers rely on spaying liquid ink droplets from a reservoir onto paper; they use either
thermal bubble or piezoelectric technology to create the ink bubbles and droplets.
o Stepper motors move paper up a line at a time and the print head moves across the page left to
right.
o The inkjet ink cartridges and paper trays are only suitable for relatively small print runs (for
example, a one-off photograph or a few pages of high-quality colour printing).
[3]
8 a)
[6]
b) Three from the following:

o customer/client files stored on the cloud can be accessed at any time from any device anywhere
in the world provided Internet access is available
o there is no need for a customer/client to carry an external storage device with them, or even
use the same computer to store and retrieve information
o the cloud provides the user with remote back-up of data with obvious benefits to alleviate data
loss/disaster recovery
o if a customer/client has a failure of their hard disk or back-up device, cloud storage will allow
recovery of their data
o the cloud system offers almost unlimited storage capacity
[3]
9 a)
RAM ROM
temporary memory device permanent memory device
volatile memory non-volatile memory device
can be written to and read from data stored cannot be altered
used to store data, files, programs, part always used to store BIOS and other
of OS currently in use data needed at start up
[3]
b)
When using virtual memory, RAM is the ……physical memory…… and RAM plus swap space on HDD is
known as the ……virtual memory.….Virtual memory gives the illusion of ……unlimited memory………. being
available to the user. One drawback when using HDD occurs when there is a high rate of head movements;
this is known as …….thrashing…..This can be reduced by increasing the size of ………random access
memory…... or by ………reducing………… the number of programs running.
[6]
c) Two from the following:
o the physical memory size (RAM) doesn’t limit the logical memory size since data can be
swapped in and out of RAM as required
o it allows the execution of an application or process on a system where the main memory is less
than the total memory needed for the application or process
o it makes the task of a programmer much easier since they are no longer constrained by RAM
size when writing programs
o since an application won’t necessarily use all of its features at the same time, it is much more
efficient to store this code in HDD/SSD and only swap into RAM as required; this greatly speeds
up processor operations
[2]

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Cambridge IGCSE™ and O Level Computer Science

Practice Paper 1B answers

o May increase the overall productivity

Knowledge Rules Inference

Follows logical thinking; often uses a set of “IF” ✓

Stores all the knowledge about an area of ✓

4 a) i) A form of digital currency that uses a chain of decentralised computers to control

Touchscreen technology Advantage

b) Three from the following:

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