Chapter 2

II.
Literature Review
Related Literature
Teaching MAPEH. Teaching music, art, physical education, and health (MAPEH) is
both fulfilling and challenging for many teachers. It requires a rigorous approach to
increasing professional knowledge, putting PEHM teachers on par with those who excel at
teaching. In accordance with the many components of MAPEH, the teacher applies a variety
of teaching tactics, instructional materials, mastery of topic knowledge, and assessment
(Silvestre P. & Itaas C., 2020).
Silvestre, P., & Itaas, C. (2020, December 12).
https://ijisrt.com/assets/upload/files/IJISRT20DEC053.pdf. Adobe Acrobat. Retrieved
December 15, 2022, from https://ijisrt.com/assets/upload/files/IJISRT20DEC053.pdf
MAPEH teachers utilize various instructional materials and evaluation methods, and
students are expected to perform. Given that it includes Music, Art, PE, and Health as
learning components, it is evident that grades will be highly influenced by performance.
Other Classroom Assessment Techniques have been identified by teachers (Tabuena, 2017).
However, no matter how well the teacher performs, uninspired students do not share the same
degree of enthusiasm. Because the study was done at a public school, the participants are
from low economic classes. Teddlie and Stringfield (2017) feel that people who come from
this level outperform those who do not.
Teddlie, C., & Stringfield, S. C. (2017). A Differential Analysis of Effectiveness in Middle
and Low Socioeconomic Status Schools. The Journal of Classroom Interaction, 52(1), 15–24.
http://www.jstor.org/stable/45372836
Self-Learning Kit. Nowadays, teachers face more complex challenges than ever
before. Teachers must be prepared to facilitate transversal competencies and access to
transversal knowledge and skills learning resources and develop learning experiences that
transfer easily between home and school (Heick, 2017). (UNESCO, 2016). The effective use
of learning materials ensures the delivery of quality education by enriching the competencies
required of learners and breaking the boundary of the traditional mode of learning
experiences.
Heick, T. (2017, August 28). How teaching is changing: 15 Challenges for the 21st
century teacher. Retrieved from https://www.teachthought.com/the-future-oflearning/how-
teaching-is-changing/
Many academic developers responded by aligning the curriculum to meet the needs of
the learners as well as the practicality in social and cultural realms. Along with the paradigm
shift in education brought about by the RA 10533 (Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013),
improvements in the curriculum were also made to make it learner-centered, inclusive,
developmentally appropriate, relevant, and responsive, among other things. Furthermore, the
law encouraged the development and production of localized, indigenous, and enhanced
teaching materials to develop diverse learners.
Republic Act No. 10533. An act enhancing the Philippine basic education system by
strengthening its curriculum and increasing the number of years for basic
education, appropriating funds therefor and for other purposes. (2013, May 15).
Congress of the Philippines, Fifteenth Congress, Third Regular Session.
Furthermore, the use of SLK ensures self-learning. A self-learning is a modern form
of learning that has supplemented traditional learning with astounding results reinforced by
self-directed learning and the availability of resources (Karanja, 2017). Self-learning and
independence in learning are enhanced through self-learning. This is the long-term
educational goal practiced in the Junior High School (JHS) program. The JHS program aimed
to develop self-directed or independent learners who could learn effectively using available
learning resources with little supervision, thereby becoming actively involved in the
educational process.
Karanja, N. (2017, September 25). Why and how self-learning is important. Retrieved
from https://www.brightermonday.co.ke/blog/self-learning/
MELCs. According to De Guzman et al. (2022), the experts in charge of the MAPEH
curriculum recognize the importance of the subject in fostering physical, health, cultural
literacies, artistic expression, skills required for knowledge acquisition, and values to lead a
more fulfilling life. They are guided by the requirements that a learning competency (L.C.) be
useful in lifelong learning. The MELCs that have also been discovered strongly resemble
other subject-specific abilities, supporting the curriculum's integration. Most Essential
Learning Competencies (MELCs) are tools teachers can use to prioritize the most important
learning abilities pupils should acquire or improve in an emergency. In order to build a
country with happier, healthier, and more enlightened inhabitants, the Department of
Education is essential. Physical Education offers the psychological, physical, and social
advantages of involvement in a student's life (P.E.).
Additionally, it has been shown to be advantageous for reducing emotional stress and
maintaining good mental health, both of which are evident in the present situation.
Recognizing the importance of physical education is crucial since it supports human
development on a natural level. Students and teachers may face additional difficulties as a
result of the distance learning setting brought on by the epidemic during this new normal.
When the student body is heterogeneous, it can be difficult to teach different student types
who have different intellectual aptitudes, talents, skills, interests, and learning styles.
Teachers must plan lessons for each student based on readiness, interests, and past
knowledge.
https://www.ijams-bbp.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/IJAMS-JULY-ISSUE-354-369.pdf
Related Studies
This chapter may include a variety of concepts, ideas, conclusions, and aspects of the
study from the past to the present that serve as the researchers' preferences and guides in
constructing the study.

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II.

of teaching tactics, instructional materials, mastery of topic knowledge, and assessment

(Silvestre P. & Itaas C., 2020).

Silvestre, P., & Itaas, C. (2020, December 12).

https://ijisrt.com/assets/upload/files/IJISRT20DEC053.pdf. Adobe Acrobat. Retrieved

December 15, 2022, from https://ijisrt.com/assets/upload/files/IJISRT20DEC053.pdf

learning components, it is evident that grades will be highly influenced by performance.

this level outperform those who do not.

Teddlie, C., & Stringfield, S. C. (2017). A Differential Analysis of Effectiveness in Middle

before. Teachers must be prepared to facilitate transversal competencies and access to

century teacher. Retrieved from https://www.teachthought.com/the-future-oflearning/how-

improvements in the curriculum were also made to make it learner-centered, inclusive,

teaching materials to develop diverse learners.

Congress of the Philippines, Fifteenth Congress, Third Regular Session.

Furthermore, the use of SLK ensures self-learning. A self-learning is a modern form

independence in learning are enhanced through self-learning. This is the long-term

other subject-specific abilities, supporting the curriculum's integration. Most Essential

learning abilities pupils should acquire or improve in an emergency. In order to build a

advantages of involvement in a student's life (P.E.).

Recognizing the importance of physical education is crucial since it supports human

constructing the study.

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