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Welcome to the module ISAM Voice Equipment Practice

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Before we start, please take a quick look at the controls of this web based training. The side
panel allows you to see the menu and view the voice over script. The control bar along the
bottom, allows you to play or pause, adjust the volume, or go to the next or previous page. The
Glossary and Resources such as PDF and podcast version of this course are options. When you
are ready, select the Next page button to continue.

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After you finish this course, you will be able to:
• Explain how the ISAM Voice package fits into the ISAM equipment practice.

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Here is the Table of Contents.
You can click on a title to navigate to a specific topic.
From any content slide, you can return to the Table of Contents using the rounded button
labelled « T O C » in the bottom right corner of the slide.

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Chapter 1 – Product Overview

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The ISAM voice architecture is identical to the ISAM architecture. It has the same line cards
across the ISAM family FD and FX.
• Mix and match, any shelf, any card: DSL, Fiber, Splitter (only in FD), and Voice Cards.
• The ISAM family provides line cards which are connected through Ethernet point-to-point
connections to a centralized aggregation function with an option redundancy.
• Line cards can host user interfaces such as POTS, ISDN, DSL, or server functions.
• Specific line cards are available to support the Voice functionality.
• The number of line cards and network interfaces depends upon the equipment practice and
the application; Central Office or FTTx such as Fiber to the User (FTTU), Fiber to the Building
(FTTB) and so on.
• Control and data communication between the NT (the controller card), and the Line and
Server cards is through the Ethernet point-to-point connection between each NT and each
Line and Server card.
- Such a point-to-point link is used to exchange data, manage and control traffic between
the Line and Server card and the active NT. This point-to-point interface is embedded in
the backplane of the shelf.
• Traffic separation such as control, signaling, and data is performed in the ISAM using VLAN
technology.
• In the picture, we see the different ISAM equipment which can have ISAM voice over copper
pairs;
- The ISAM FD which can also have DSL and GPON,
- The ISAM FX which can also have DSL in ANSI, GPON, and NGPON2 and
- The micro nodes which can also have DSL

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This is an overview of the ISAM in the Access network.
At the user side, the ISAM terminates different type of links, from POTS, ISDN to DSL and Fiber as point-
to-point Ethernet and PON.
At the network side, the ISAM terminates GE or FE links.
In case of more than one network port is used to increase bandwidth, Ethernet link aggregation can be
used, called Link Aggregation Group (LAG). The Ethernet links can also be connected to one or more
Ethernet switches. The Ethernet switches forward the frames over the Ethernet-based aggregation
access network until it reaches the IP Edge Router of the corresponding network service provider. At the
IP Edge Router, the frame enters the IP backbone of the network service provider.
The ISAM can also be connected directly to the IP Edge router, in which case the Ethernet aggregation
network is reduced to one or more parallel Ethernet links.
STP (Spanning Tree Protocol), RSTP (Rapid STP), or MSTP (Multiple STP) should be used when an ISAM has
multiple links to a switched network.
At the user side, it is also possible to connect subtending ISAMs. It is possible for example to connect
ISAMs in cascading model.
In short, it is possible to cascade multiple single-shelf ISAM systems using the Ethernet subtending links.
The addition of subtending functionality allows customers to effectively reduce equipment size, power,
and costs while meeting growing service demands.
ISAM supports the following subtending topologies:
• Cascading (Daisy-chain) topology
• Star topology
• Ring topology
It services and aggregates the data from one or more remotely located or co-located ISAMs into a Hub
ISAM. This configuration takes advantage of the available subtending interfaces on the Hub ISAM.
It reduces the cost per subscriber by writing off the expense of the network interfaces and the edge
switch port connections over a large number of subscribers. It also reduces the number of aggregation
network ports that are required to terminate ISAMs.

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The cascaded topology allows installing shelves and racks in a chain. The so-called subtended
system is connected to the main system through a subtending interface (such as Fast Ethernet
and Gigabit Ethernet) and shares the network interface of the main system. Depending on the
exact purpose (expanding to large ISAMs in certain central offices and/or increasing coverage in
the network by positioning ISAMs at as many locations as possible), the subtended systems can
be located near the main system (co-location) or at a remote location.
There is no strict limitation on the number of subtended ISAMs. Each ISAM has its own free
running clock. Of course, the available and necessary bandwidth has to be taken into account.
Note that also other types of DSLAMs (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer) can be
cascaded of an ISAM through Fast or Gigabit Ethernet interfaces: non-Nokia DSLAMs.
The cascaded topology is also referred to as the daisy-chained topology.

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An ISAM can also be used as an aggregation multiplexer to collect traffic from multiple directly
connected subtended ISAMs. Rather than adding subtending levels, we then create a star
architecture. Again, other ISAMs can be subtended through Fast or Gigabit Ethernet and the
subtended systems may or may not be located near the main system.

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It is possible to put the ISAM in a ring architecture, that is, a special case of the cascading
architecture where the last system of the chain has yet another uplink to the EMAN network as
well.
The maximum number of devices in the ring is eight, because of delay, when using RSTP. Such a
limitation does not exist on STP, but due to the long time it takes for STP to adapt to changes
in the topology, STP should not be used.
Another option is to use MSTP where it is possible to have different topologies for different
VLANs.

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These are the main blocks in the FD/FX ISAM.
The ISAM is a frame-based Access Multiplexer, that is, an access multiplexer which is based on an Ethernet frame forwarding architecture in a packet aggregation
network.
Different types of ISAM do exist, but conceptually they have the same building blocks. The mapping of functional blocks to hardware modules depends on the
equipment practice chosen.
Data forwarding in the ISAM is accomplished by interworking functions on the Line Terminations (LTs) and an aggregation function on the NT: Both of them include a
forwarding engine.
The core of the ISAM is an Ethernet aggregation switch, called the Service HUB (SHUB) or Intelligent HUB (IHUB) depending on the NT type. The Shub subsystem has
basic L2 functionality (VLAN-based) and limited L3 functionality. The IHub subsystem has enhanced L2 functionality (Virtual Private LAN Service or VPLS-based) and L3
functionality (Virtual Private Routed Network or VPRN-based).
The line termination module terminates subscriber interfaces and provides the interworking and aggregation function towards the service hub or intelligent HUB.
The LT-module actually consists of two functional sub-modules: The transport function and the Interworking Function (IWF). The On board Controller (OBC) is the
processor of the board.
The transport function varies with the type of access technology used, such as ADSLx, VDSL2, SHDSL, Ethernet, PON, and so on, which results in different LTs. The
IWF handles frame forwarding, including sophisticated filtering and traffic management (QoS), all at the line rate of the transport medium.
For DSL interfaces, the transport function contains:
• The High-Pass Filter (HPF), separating the DSL portion of the signal spectrum from the narrowband signal (POTS or ISDN).

• This is also integrated in the Modems.

• The Splitter (SP) is the Low-Pass Filter (LPF) separating the narrowband signal, the voice, from the DSL portion. This can be integrated in the LTs or as external
cards and as an external device in the customer premises.

• The DSL modem function, providing the physical layer termination of the DSL signal.
Links between aggregation function and LT-boards are called LT-links. Links between aggregation function and Remote Expansion Module (REM) are called expansion
links, available only if the host is a 7330 ISAM. You will learn more about expansion links in the ISAM FD chapter. The number of LT links depends on if it is a 7302FD,
7330FD, a 7356FD or a 7360FX. The number of external links on the NT and NT IO (Input Output) will depend on the NT and NT IO types.
The Alarm Control Unit (ACU) module, integrated in the NT, provides collection and distribution of equipment, and customer alarms and provides local connection to
the operator, the craft terminal.
The clock module generates the system clock. It consists of a local oscillator which can optionally be locked to an external reference clock such as BITS.
The Test Access Unit (TAU) function provides access to an external line test head for Metallic Test Access (MTA) and provides control of the MTA relays on the splitter
modules. It manages the switching of signals between the MTA ports and subscriber lines (connected to appliqués).
The Power function is the interface point to the external DC power supply systems and provides power monitoring, filtering and distribution.
The 802.3 Port function provides the physical layer interface for Ethernet ports: Electrical auto-sensing 10/100/1000 RJ45 ports and optical Fast and Giga bit
Ethernet ports on SFPs.
Server modules can be plugged into LT slots. Instead of providing subscriber connectivity, they typically provide an auxiliary central processing function, for example,
the ISAM voice NVPS (Network voice Packet Server) module, which provides a centralized H.248 signalling interface to softswitch. The SIP signaling with the SIP server
is done by the voice LTs, which also have the DSP (Digital Signal Processor).
The DSP is in charge of trans-coding (PCM to/from VoIP codecs such as G.711 and G.729) and detecting DTMF and other technology tones(i.e., fax/modem tones).
SMAS module is the System MAC address storage. The SMAS module is integrated on a remote inventory PROM that contains the MAC address of the ISAM NT.
Upon booting up of the ISAM, the MAC address is read by the active NT (or the standby NT in case of failure of the active NT).
The MAC addresses for each port on the xHUB are derived from the system MAC address that is stored on the SMAS PROM. By having this MAC address stored on a
separate board, the same MAC address can be maintained when swapping between active and stand-by NT, or when an NT board is to be replaced or upgraded. The
SMAS module is considered an integral part of the shelf. Where the SMAS functionality is integrated depends on the equipment practice.
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The micro-nodes indicated in the slide have a slight difference compared to the FD/FX ISAM
families.

One of the differences is that they don’t have an SHUB or IHUB but a network processor which
more or less does the same functions as the xHUB.

Since some of these nodes are so close to the customer premises, they not only have ADSLx,
VDSL2 and VDSL2 vectoring but also some can have Vplus and G.fast technologies.

For the ISAM voice, the DSP is in NT or the NTIO of the 7363 ISAM MX6 and the NT also handles
the SIP or H.248 signaling.

Since the DSP’s are in the NT or NTIO, there is a TDM bus that connect the voice LTs to the
DSP’s.

We will see further on which the variants of the 7353 ISAM CX and ISAM SX have the voice
service.

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Chapter 2 – ISAM FD voice equipment

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The ISAM FD has universal slots which can hold LTs as well as splitters.
Higher densities can be obtained with FD shelves where one rack may contain three FD shelves.
There are various FD splitters available
• Multi DSL and VDSL2
• POTS-only and universal POTS and ISDN
One shelf can have all the services needed in a deployment.

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The slide above shows the 7302 ISAM’s FD system architecture.
The universal slot concept in the FD equipment practice allows the 7302 ISAM-FD shelf to
accommodate
line termination cards and splitter cards.
Therefore, the 7302 ISAM FD shelf (NSFX-A) can be configured as an LT shelf, as a splitter shelf
or as a mixed shelf. A mixed shelf combines LT and splitter pairs, with front cabling to
interconnect LT and splitter.
The shelf has 16 universal slots, two NT slots and one NTIO slot. This supports NT redundancy.
However, the second NT slot and NTIO slot can also be used as universal slots, increasing the
capacity to 18 universal slots.
The NT board contains an integrated aggregation function with a total capacity which depends
on the NT inserted; NANT-A with 24 Gbps, and NANT-D with 100 Gbps and NANT-E with 320
Gbps, which is commonly referred to as the service hub (SHUB) for the NANT-A NT or intelligent
hub (IHUB) for the NANT-D or E NTs .
The connection between the NT and LTs is an Ethernet point-to-point connection for each LT of
1, 2.5 or 10 Gbps, depending on the NT type.
The NT cards for FD equipment practice can terminate up to four external Ethernet links with 1,
2.5 or 10 Gbps, depending on the NT type.
The NTIO provides the connectivity to the outside world with up to six additional links.
The ISAM voice functionality can be integrated in the ISAM FD by inserting the NVPS, NBAT, and
NPOT cards if H.248 signaling will be used or the NPOT for SIP signaling.

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The NFXS-B shelf is used for the 7330 ISAM FTTN-FD.
This shelf has eight universal slots, two NT slots and one NTIO slots. NT redundancy is
supported. However, the second NT slot and NTIO slot can also be used as universal slots,
increasing the capacity to 10 universal slots.
NT and LT cards used in 7302 ISAM FD are also used in the 7330 ISAM FTTN-FD.
The difference with the 7330 ISAM FD and the 7302 ISAM FD is the number of LT slots and the
fact that the 7330 ISAM FD can be equipped with other NTIOs which have up to 14 external
links.
The ISAM voice package can also be inserted in this ISAM.

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The ISAM-FD equipment can be mounted in a standard ETSI rack. This is possible because the
ISAM FD Shelves can operate as a standalone unit, providing power and other general shelf
functionality, for example, visual alarm indicators, and the power unit integrated within the 7302
ISAM FD shelf. Therefore, integration into a rack with a top rack unit is not required, but it is
possible.
The Reduced Height of the FD shelves allows three FD shelves into an ETSI rack of 2200 mm
height.

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This ISAM 7302 16 or 18 slot FD ETSI shelf (NFXS-A) is a shelf with universal slot concept and
reduced backplane architecture. This is a high-density sub-rack for central office and large
cabinet applications, which fits in standard ETSI racks.
Reduced backplane architecture in the 7302 ISAM-FD shelf provides no connector area for
subscriber, DSL, and narrowband interfaces. External cabling is applied directly to front access
connectors on the line termination boards.
There can be a maximum 18 LT boards (16 + 2) in one 7302 ISAM-FD sub-rack since one sub-
rack is one ISAM system. The maximum number of DSL lines supported by one ISAM FD system
with a 72 port LT is 72 times 18=1296 lines.
The NTs and NT IO is located in the center of the shelf while the universal slots can be found on
the left and right areas of the shelf.

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The ISAM 7302 FD shelf is subdivided into the following areas:
Card cage containing slots for NT, NTIO, LT, and splitter boards like we have seen before.
Fiber conduct for NT and NTIO fibers
Fan unit area: the fan unit is provided with dust filter. The dust filter must be installed only
beneath the lowest fan tray in a configuration. The dust filter can be removed without
removing the fan.
Power and connection area: This area provides housing for connectors for the power supply,
circuit breakers, and rack lamps.
The shelf has 19 vertical slots for pluggable boards.
In the center of the shelf, three slots are for NT-A, NTIO, and NT-B. The other 16 slots are
universal slots. Universal slots can accommodate LT board types, server board types, and
splitter board types.
Hence, splitters can be mixed with LTs in a shelf or be deployed separately or externally. A
mixed shelf combines LT and splitter pairs, with front cabling to interconnect LT and splitter.

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The combo combination will give both data and voice services in a copper pair of the ISAM. The
combo combination consists of combining DSL, splitter, and POTS boards. We will see further
on that there is the possibility of just combining DSL and POTS boards when one of these has
integrated splitters.
The 7302 ISAM FD as one shelf will have a total of 360 ports, as two shelves 576 ports are
available and as one rack 1152 ports are available. These calculations use the highest density
cards with 72 ports.

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The 7302 ISAM FD, using the combo rack as one system, can have a total of 1152 ports when
there are redundant NTs but will have a total of 1296 ports if there is no redundancy; Also using
72 port cards.
The DSL cards are in the middle shelf and POTS cards are in the bottom for cabling reasons
which we will see further on.

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These are possible combo solutions within a shelf using the splitter card together with the DSL
and POTS or ISDN cards and using DSL with splitter card.
The triplets combo uses one DSL card, one splitter card and one POTS card, each with 72 ports:
a three slots per combo with 72 ports. This will result in five of these combo sets in a shelf with
a total of 360 ports just like we have seen before
The quadruplet combo is the solution with ISDN. There is one DSL card with 48 ports, a splitter
with 48 ports, and two ISDN cards each with 24 ports. This combo of four slots will give a total
of 192 ports.
The last one is a 72 port DSL card and a 72 port splitter card which gives a total of 576 ports.
The POTS cards will be in another shelf.

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This will be the case where no splitter cards are used since the DSL card has the integrated
splitters. This combination uses two slots for 48 combo ports with a total of 384 ports per shelf
or 432, if there is no NT redundancy.

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This would be the maximum density in the ISAM FD using the POTS board with integrated
splitters. The POTS card of 72 ports will combine with a DSL card of also 72 ports.
This will give a total of 576 ports per shelf or 648 ports if there is no NT redundancy. In an ISAM
rack, this would be three times 648 for a total of 1944 ports with no NT redundancy.

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This is the cabling for a combo with the three slots.
The line coming from the customer premises with voice and DSL enters the splitter through the
Main
Distribution Frame (MDF). The splitter has the low-pass filter which filters the voice taken out
the DSL part.
This voice part travels to the POTS board through the U cable.
The voice and DSL in the splitter will also travel to the DSL board through the S cable. The DSL
boards have a high-pass filter which filters the DSL part, taken out the voice part.
It uses a 72 pair cable since this is a 72 port combo; the POTS, DSL, and Splitter cards, each have
72 ports.

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This is exactly the same as the previous one but for a four slot combo which takes care of DSL
with ISDN service, the Basic Rate Access (BRA).

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This is the cabling in a Rack either using 48 or 72 port cards.
The Line coming from the customer premises with voice and DSL enters the splitters
through the MDF.
The splitters filter the voice, taken out the DSL part and the voice travels to the POTS
boards.
The voice and DSL in the splitter will also travel to the DSL boards. Two more slots can
be used if there is no NT redundancy.

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In this case, the DSL board has the integrated splitters, therefore, no need to use splitter cards.
The Line coming from the customer premises with voice and DSL enters the DSL board and
filters the voice which then travels to the POTS board through the S cable. The voice and DSL in
the DSL board will enter the high pass filter to take out the voice.
This uses a 48 pair cable since the DSL and POTS boards are 48 port boards.

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This cabling will be used when using the POTS board with the integrated splitter. This is the
highest density since it uses 72 port cards.
The Line coming from the customer premises enters the POTS board and filters the voice.
The voice and DSL in the POTS board will also travel to the DSL board through the S cable
where it filters the DSL part.
A 72 pair cable is used since the DSL and POTS boards are 72 port boards.

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The 7330 ISAM FTTN FD ETSI shelf (NFXS-B) can be deployed at either the Central Office (CO),
or in a remote location which can be in an outside cabinet. The shelf can be mounted
horizontally in a 19 inch rack or an ETSI rack.
Like the 7302 ISAM FD shelf, NFXS-A, the NFXS-B is a shelf with the universal slot concept and
reduced backplane architecture. Reduced backplane architecture in the 7330 ISAM FD shelf
provides no connector area for subscriber, DSL and narrowband interfaces. External cabling is
applied directly to front access connectors on the line termination boards.
The NTIO slot and or the NT-B slot can also be assigned as universal slot. Such assignment
turns the shelf into a 9 or 10 slot shelf. So one 7330 FD sub-rack can support maximum 72 x
10=720 DSL lines.
The 7330 FD as an ISAM voice will have a total of 288 combo lines using the POTS card with
integrated splitters, and 360 combo lines with no NT redundancy.
The 7330 ISAM FTTN-FD has expansion capabilities using remote expansion modules. The 7330
ISAM FTTN-FD host shelf manages remote LT units as though they were installed locally on the
host shelf itself. This adds to the total number of LT units supported by one shelf.
The General Facilities Card (GFC) card provides powering and alarm functionality.

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The 7330 FD sub-rack physically has three areas:
The card cage containing slots for NT, NTIO, LT and splitter boards.
The fan area: This area provides housing for a separate fan unit.
Power unit and cable connection area. This area houses connectors for the power supply, circuit
breakers, sub-rack lamps, and connectors for alarm cabling.
The shelf has 12 horizontal slots for pluggable boards.
A mandatory GFC card takes the bottom position of the shelf. Above the slot for the GFC card,
three slots exist for NT-A, NTIO, and NT-B. The other eight slots are universal slots. Universal
slots can accommodate LT board types, server board types, and splitter board types. Hence,
splitters can be mixed with LTs in a shelf or be deployed separately or externally. A mixed shelf
combines LT, splitter pairs, with front cabling to interconnect LT and splitter.
In general, the 7330 ISAM FTTN uses the same boards as the 7302 ISAM FD.

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In the ISAM FD family, it is possible to have expansion links along with subtending links. The ISAM
7330 ISAM FTTN and the 7356 ISAM FTTB Remote Extension Module (REM), a micro-node, are
the ones in the FD family with this possibility. So what is the difference between subtending
and expansion links?
Subtending means connecting multiple ISAM systems, 7302 or 7330 FD through subtending
links. Each standalone node provides the Ethernet switch and aggregation function and is
managed separately.
Expansion is connecting ISAM host shelf, 7330 FTTN FD, or 7356 FTTB REM, with remote LTs (the
7356 ISAM FTTB REM) through expansion links. The aggregation function is only in the host
shelf. It is one system; the host and its expansion units are managed together as a single
system.

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Chapter 3 – ISAM FX voice equipment

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The ISAM FX also has universal slots which can have different LT types but no splitters.
There are four different shelves which differ on the number of LT slots available. The 7360 ISAM
FX-16 with its 16 LT slots, the 7360 ISAM FX-8 with its eight slots, and the 7360 ISAM FX-4 with
its four LT slots. The ANSI market also has the 7360 ISAM FX-12 with its 12 LT slots.
One shelf can offer the services needed in a deployment.
The 7360 FX in ANSI is the only one that has the ISAM voice package which combines with a
VDSL2 vectoring card to give data and voice services.

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These four ISAM FX have a FANT-F controller board with 480 Gb/s switching capacity and a 40
Gb/s link between each LT. As an option, the controller board can be in an active redundancy
role, having a 2x40 Gb/s between each LT. It has a total of four times 10 Gbps uplink capacity
with an additional 80 Gbps using the NT IO board which makes a total of 120 Gbps uplink
capacity. The links between the NTs and NT IO are of 40 Gbps:
• The NTB and NTIO slots can not be used by LTs.
• Shown are the different shelves depending on the number of LT slots.
• The subscriber’s services (triple play) can be offered through fiber using NGPON2, GPON, or
point-to- point Ethernet; and for the ANSI market, it also offers the subscriber’s services
using VDSL2 vectoring and POTS through copper pairs.

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This shelf has 16 LT slots and the external cabling is applied directly to the front access
connectors on the line termination boards.

The first eight slots and the last eight slots of the shelf are installed with LTs.

The NTA, NTIO, and NTB are installed in this order, from left to right, in the middle of the shelf. If
only one Network Termination is needed, this one will be installed in the NTA slot.

All FX shelves support redundant battery feeding.

The two branches (A and B) are distributed through the power unit to all slot positions and the
FAN unit. The circuit breakers have one dual pole per branch with 35 Amp per pole, that is, 70
Amp shelf level.

All FX shelves have a replaceable hot swappable fan with dust filter.

Pre-cabling is supported through dummy face plates with cable lockers. All cabling, both
electrical and optical, has to be routed to the cable management part at the opposite side of
the fan unit.

The power unit and cable connection area provide door alarm, Central Office (CO) alarms up and
down, and alarm signals up and down to rack lamps. These up and down signals are a daisy
chain connection to forward the signals from the two possible ISAMs in the rack towards the
rack lamps and the central office. This area, General Facilities Card (GFC), is slightly different in
all the ANSI FX shelves; Besides also having the power connection and alarm connection, they
have a craft connection, BITS external synchronization connection, and an Alarm cut-off (ACO)
led and switch. The ACO switch prevents alarms to turn-on the Rack alarm lamps.

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This shelf has 12 LT slots and like the previous shelf, the external cabling is applied directly to
the front access connectors on the line termination boards.
The first six slots and the last six slots of the shelf are installed with LTs.
The NTA, NTIO, and NTB are installed in this order, from left to right, in the middle of the shelf. If
only one Network Termination is needed, this one will be installed in the NTA slot.
The N General Facilities Card I (NGFC-I) is found on the left side of the shelf. This card provides
the power connections for both branches (A and B), circuit breakers, CO Alarm connector, BITS
connector, craft connector, LED indicators and ACO switch and led.

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The 7360 ISAM FX 8 shelf can be deployed either at the Central Office (CO) or in a remote
location, where it can be in an outside cabinet. The shelf can be mounted horizontally, in a 19” or
ETSI rack.
Also external cabling is applied directly to the front access connectors on the line termination
boards.
The first eight slots of the shelf from top to bottom contains the LTs.
The last slots have the NTA, NTIO, NTB, and NGFC-E or ANSI NGFC-H. If only one NT is needed,
this one is installed in the NTA slot.
The NGFC-E and the ANSI NGFC-H contains all the connections shown.
Pre-cabling is supported through dummy face plates with cable lockers. All cabling, both
electrical and optical, has to be routed to the cable management part at the opposite side of
the fan unit.

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The 7360 ISAM FX 4 shelf is similar to the previous shelf but with a maximum of 4 LT boards.
It can also be deployed at either the Central Office (CO), or in a remote location which can be in
an outside
cabinet. The shelf can be mounted horizontally, in a 19” or ETSI rack.
External cabling is also applied directly to the front access connectors on the line
termination boards. The first four slots of the shelf from top to bottom contains the LTs.
The last slots have the NTA, NTIO, NTB, and NGFC-F or ANSI NGFC-G. If only one Network
Termination is needed, this one is installed in the NTA slot.
The NGFC-F and ANSI NGFC-G offers the following connections, as shown.
Pre-cabling is supported through dummy face plates with cable lockers. All cabling, both
electrical and optical, has to be routed to the cable management part at the opposite side
of the fan unit.

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The ISAM voice in the ISAM FX combines a DSL board with integrated splitters, the low-pass
filters, just like we have seen on one of the options in the ISAM FD.
The Line coming from the customer premises with voice and DSL enters the DSL board and
filters the voice, which then travels to the POTS board through the cable shown. The voice and
DSL in the DSL board will enter the high pass filter to remove the voice part.
Same cabling for the FX-12, FX-8 and FX-4.
This uses a 48 pair cable since the DSL and POTS boards are 48 port
boards. Like it was mentioned before, this is only for the ANSI market.

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Chapter 4 – ISAM voice cards

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The NVPS is the ISAM voice packet server, supported in the 7302, 7330 ISAM FD and 7360 ISAM
FX , which takes care of the H.248 or Megaco signalling interfacing with the AGCF in an IMS
platform or the MGC . It communicates with the voice boards by means of the XLES protocol.
This server that can be hot inserted and extracted handles the OAM for VoIP service, supporting
redundancy and provides all database services for the storage of management persistent data.
The NVPS does not intrepet ISDN messages, the Q.931, but uses the SIGTRAN to transmit these
messages to the AGCF or MGC.
One NVPS can control not only local ISAM voice subscribers but also
remote ones. It interconnects with either L2 Ethernet aggregation or L3 IP
routed network.
The media traffic does not got through the NVPS which results in a non-blocking voice path.
In all ISAM voice configurations there can be user to user communication so that there is local
routing for local calls.

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This is the dimensioning of the NVPS.
Besides what is shown, it has a capacity for 563 simultaneous calls that consists of 512 normal
calls and 51
reserved for emergency calls.
The POTS Busy Hour Call Attempts (BHCA) per NVPS is 20,000 with a 0.1Erlang per line and
27,000 with a 0.135Erlang per line. For ISDN, it is 10,000 with a 0.1Erlang per line and 13,500
with a 0.125Erlang per line.

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The NPOT-A was the first card made, supporting up to 48 POTS interfaces and integrating
functions such as ringing, digit detection, and tone generation. It provides a classical POTS
interface towards the subscriber and performs the packetization of the voice over RTP, sending
the voice directly to the network as VoIP over Ethernet. It can be inserted in the 7302, 7330, or
7356 ISAM FD.
In SIP, all the NPOT types will also handle the SIP messages converting telephone events, such as
off-hook, on-hook, and dialing to SIP messages.

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The NPOT-B is a 72-port POTS board with the CB variant, which includes integrated splitters.
The splitters are designed to support ADSL2+ signals as well as VDSL2 signals. This POTS line
card can be used in combination with the existing 72-port VDSL2, or 72 port ADSL2+ line cards
offering a 2 slot 72-port ADSL2+ and POTS or VDSL2 and POTS combo solution.
The NPOT-B CB variant can coexist with the NPOT-B AB in the same shelf allowing growth of
existing nodes. A mix of combo lines as well as POTS-only lines in a full 72-port configuration
within the same shelf is also allowed.
NPOT-C is the new 48-port POTS line card compared to NPOT-A. It’s based on the NPOT-B
technology. It uses the same cable and connector as NPOT-A. NPOT-C can be mixed with
NPOT-A in the same shelf for existing customer's pre-cabled shelves. It can also be used as an
NPOT-A repair option.
Both NPOTs are can be inserted in the 7302, 7330, and 7356 ISAM FD. NPOT-C can also be in
the 7360 ISAM FX ANSI.

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This is the equivalent dimensioning of the NPOT.
Low Bit Rate Codec (LBRC), such as G.729 and iLBC, are used to save bandwidth.

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The NBAT is the voice LT which has 24 ISDN ports, only available in H.248.
It translate Basic Access line to packet-based Voice over IP and terminates the Q.921 signaling
which is the Service Access Point Identifier (SAPI) and the Terminal Endpoint Identifier (TEI). It
communicates with the NVPS through the XLES protocol: Q.931 over XLES.
It is supported in the 7302 and 7330 ISAM FD.

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This is the dimensioning of the NBAT.

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Chapter 5 – ISAM micro-nodes voice equipment

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The 7356 ISAM Fiber-to-the-Building (FTTB) Remote Expansion Module (REM), also known as the
7356 ISAM FD2, is a compact 3-slot remote shelf, designed for large-scale FTTN/FTTB
deployments. The shelf is 19 inches wide and can be mounted on several housing applications,
as it is hardened for outdoor usage. It addresses the need to deliver Very High Speed
broadband services from FTTB and FTTN deployments using VDSL2 to leverage the existing
copper plant.
This mini ISAM is fully compatible with ISAM FD, and they both share line cards. The ISAM voice
package is also supported on this product, and to have the highest density of 72 combo lines,
it can use the POTS card with integrated splitters, the NPOTB variant CB. It will make use of
the NVPS in another ISAM if H.248 is used.

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The 7353 ISAM FTTB MDU works in both GPON and EPON scenarios through different uplink
interfaces. It supports GE uplink with direct connection to EMAN switch.
The 7353 Multiple Dwell Unit (MDU) is one of the FTTB products in the Nokia ISAM family. It is a
two Unit height, four LT slot equipment, which can be located in densely populated subscriber
communities, large high rise units, office buildings, or cabinets on the street. It provides high-
speed broadband services and voice-band services.
The 7353 MDU is a centralized access platform, integrating the Fast Ethernet (FE), ADSL2+,
VDSL2, and POTS interfaces. The ADSL2+ and VDSL2 boards include the integrated splitters.

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The MPOT-A has 64 POTS ports and supports SIP and H.248 protocols for flexible adaptation to
operator voice signaling requirements. Up to 256 POTS users can be supported by the 7353
ISAM FTTB Modular ONU.
The H.248 and SIP signaling, call flow management, line status, and line test functions are
handled by the NT bundle. The NT bundle also converts the voice coming from the voice LTs as
TDM to RTP packets.

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This is the dimensioning of the 7353 ISAM FTTB MDU.

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The 7353 ISAM CX (Compact fleXibility) is a non-modular fitting in 1U slot.
The compact solution is valid for point-to-point GE and GPON networks, thanks to flexibility on
the uplinks.
It has VDSL2, POTS, and FE interfaces with ADSL or ADSL2+ backwards compatibility.
The product is offered in three variants but the first two have the ISAM voice functionality
with SIP or H.248:
• The CX-16VPE provides 16 ports for VDSL2 and POTS services and 12 Fast Ethernet ports.
• The CX-24VP, with 24 ports for VDSL2 and POTS
• The NVPS functionality is integrated in this micro node in order to have H.248 signaling.

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Here is the dimensioning of the 7353 CX 24VP and 16VPE.

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The 7363 ISAM MX-6 (MX for Modular FleXiblity) is a high-capacity, modular micro-node that is
designed to support voice, DSL, and point-to-point services.
The 7363 ISAM shelf includes six service slots, two common control slots, and fan unit for
flexible deployment of mixed services occupying two RUs in a 19-inch rack. The 7363 ISAM
MX-6 shelf was designed with ultra-broadband services in mind. System-level vectoring
functionality is integrated in the shelf backplane and common control modules allowing for
seamless deployment of ultra-broadband services.
It supports 1 GigE, 2.5 GigE, 10 GigE, or GPON uplinks with 192 VDSL2 with vectoring ports
supporting bit rates in excess of 100 Mb/s, 96 Vplus, or 96 voice DSL combo ports. The system
level vectoring (SLV) is integrated in the NT handling up to 96 ports. The NTIO will do the SLV
for the rest of the ports, 97 to 192.

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The 7363 ISAM MX-6 has voice functionality, with SIP or H.248, fully aligned with ISAM voice
solution by having the RPOT-A card. This card has 32 POTS ports with integrated splitters which
also includes narrowband line test. Voice over IP coding and decoding provided through
centralized DSPs located in RPNI-A or B NTIO voice specific variant. The RANT-A NT is the one
with the NVPS functionality when using
H.248. Since this micro-node has 6 LT slots and the VDSL2 LT and POTS LT each have 32
ports, it is possible to have a total of 96 voice DSL combo lines.

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Here is the dimensioning of the RPOT.

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The 7367 ISAM SX-16VP is a rugged, sealed micro-node, supporting 16-port VDSL2 with board
level vectoring + POTS combo with integrated splitters. Its uplinks allows it to be connected
through GPON or Ethernet using up to 2x 1GE with LAG or daisy chain. The NVPS functionality is
integrated in the micro-node so it is able to have, not only SIP, but also H.248.

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The 7367 ISAM SX-12VP is the ANSI version of the previous one, supporting 12 VDSL2 ports
with board level vectoring + POTS combo with integrated splitters. Its uplinks allow it to be
connected through GPON or Ethernet using up to 2 x 1GE with LAG. Just like the previous one,
this micro-node has the NVPS integrated in order to have, not only SIP, but also H.248.

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Finally the dimensioning of the 7367-SX 16VP and 7367-SX 12VP.

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Chapter 6 – ISAM voice equipment view through AMS

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Now that we have seen all the ISAM equipment which supports ISAM voice, let us have a peek
on how we see this in an AMS.
Here we see a 7330 ISAM with voice cards.
The AMS will give a Network Tree structure view and a graphical view of the ISAM.
In the Network Tree structures of the AMS, the SIP ports are found under the corresponding
voice LT and the H.248 ports will be found under the NVPS card, as we will see. In order to show
this difference, this ISAM has voice LTs with SIP and others with H.248. At the moment of
planning these boards, we indicate whether they will work with SIP or H.248.
In slot 4, there is an NPOT-B configured as SIP since we see the configured port under the
NPOT-B plus it indicates a SIP voice port.
In Slot 6, is the NVPS for H.248 which has three voice LTs associated to it; NPOT-A from slot 1,
NBAT-B from slot 5, and NPOT-B from slot 8.
Each of these boards has one port configured.
In slots 7 and 8, there is a combo DSL with the POTS card.

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In here, we see a voice card, the NBOT-B in a 7302 ISAM. It is SIP since the configured ports are
under the NBOT-B plus it indicates SIP voice ports.
This is also a combo DSL with the POTS card.

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This view is similar to the 7302 ISAM but in this case it is a 7360 ISAM FX which has a voice card,
the NPOT- C in slot 8. It has two SIP ports configured.
This is also a combo DSL with the POTS card.

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This is the view of a 7356 ISAM REM micro-node.
In this first view, the NPOT-B is configured as H.248, so no ports will be seen under the board.
The H.248
ports of this board will be under an NVPS card in a remote ISAM.
In this second view, it is another 7356 ISAM REM micro-node but this time the NPOT-B is
configured for SIP so we see any configured ports under this card.
In this ISAM node, there is also a combo DSL with the POTS card.

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This is the view of the micro-node 7353 ISAM FTTB ONU.
In slot 4, we have the POTS card which has two configured ports. The whole micro-node is
configured as SIP or H.248 not like the FD and FX ISAMs where it was indicated per card. The
configured ports will be under the voice card no matter if it is SIP or H.248.

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Finally, this is the view of the micro-node 7363 ISAM MX-6.
In slot 5, we have the POTS card which has two configured ports. Just like the previous micro-
node, SIP or H.248 is configured at node level. In this case, the micro-node is configured as
H.248 since we see the termination id, the L3 address of the subscriber, besides the port
number. The configured ports will be under the voice card no matter if it is SIP or H.248.

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Chapter 7 Overview

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Here we see a review of what we have seen about the ISAM voice.
The following is what ISAM equipment supports the ISAM voice package and if it is applicable to
the ETSI
and or ANSI market.
The ISAM voice with H.248 is supported by the ETSI market in the 7302 FD, 7330 FTTN FD,
7356 REM, 7353 FTTB ONU, 7353 CX, 7363 MX-6, and 7367 SX-16VP while the ANSI
market has the 7360 FX and 7367 SX-12VP.
The ISAM voice has the POTS line card NPOT-B of 72 ports , recommended for new
deployments for the ETSI market.
There is another variant with integrated splitters, NPOT-B CB, recommended for DSL and
POTS combo applications for the ETSI market.
There is also the NPOT-C with 48 ports used for extension of installed base for ETSI and ANSI
and for new deployments in the ANSI market.
For ISDN Basic Access, there is the NBAT-B with 24 ports
The NVPS-A is the voice packet server which has the H.248 signaling.
The ISAM voice with SIP can be in 7302 FD, 7330 FD, 7353 ISAM FTTB ONU, 7363 MX-6, 7353
CX, and 7367
SX-16VP for the ETSI market. The 7356 REM is for both the ETSI and ANSI market and the
7360 FX and 7367 SX-12VP for the ANSI market.
The POTS line cards for SIP are the same ones used in H.248.

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Now that you have completed this course, you should be able to;
• Explain how the ISAM Voice package fits into the ISAM equipment practice.

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This completes the learning. Thank you.

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