Section I

Q. Examine Montesquieu’s Theory of Separation of Powers. Why has he been called the Aristotle of
eighteenth century? Discuss
Q. Write note on the following:
(i) Appreciation and criticism of Rousseau’s theory of General Will.
(ii) Mao’s views on Individualism.
Q. Discuss the Theory of Kingship as propounded by Nizamul-Mulk Tusi.
Q. Discuss Plato’s contribution to the History of Political Thought.
Q. Is it correct to call Machiavelli citizen of all states and contemporary of all ages? Argue
Q. “Aristotle was great but not grateful student of Plato” Comment.
Q. “Al-Mawardi brought constitutional theory of Islam in line with political reality of his time.” Discuss
this with reference to his views on ‘Khilafat’ and ‘Wizarate’
Q. Write short notes on the following:
(i) Ideal State of Al Farabi
(ii) Iqbal’s views on Ijtehad
Q. Discuss Locke and Hobbes’ perspective on “State of Nature”
Q. Marx historical materialism is the application of dialectical materialism to explain historical events,
processes and development in society. Elaborate.
Q. Critically appreciate Al-Ghazali’s theory of Khilafat
Q. Write short notes on the following:
(i) Platonic and Aristotelian paradigms
(ii) Iqbal’s concept of Millet
Q. Plato intended to build an institution for scientific study of politics and training of statesman."
Elaborate.
Q. Montesquieu with all his faults and irregularities is the father of modern historical research." Explain
and Discuss.
Q. Ibn-e-Khaldun perhaps was the first philosopher to realize the relevant importance of economics to
politics. Discuss.
Q. Write short notes on the following
(i) Rousseau’s theory of general will
(ii) Al-Farabi’s theory of state
Q. Examine Montesquieu's theory of separation of powers. Why he has been called "Aristotle" of
eighteen century? Discuss.
Q. Critically analyse the Social Contract theory of Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau.
Q. Discuss the Allama Iqbal's concept of "Khudi".
Q. Write short notes on the following:
(i) Ibne Khaldun's concept of Asbiyah
(ii) Marx's theory of Class Struggle
Q. Critically examine the concept the “Justice” by Plato.
Q. Discuss in detail the concept of “Raisul Awwal” by Al-Farabi.
Q. Compare the concepts of Millat & Territorial Nationalism by Iqbal.
Q. Write short NOTES on any TWO of the following:
(i) Asabiya
(ii) Social Justice
(iii) Oligarchy
Q. Critically examine the concepts of Hobbes and Locke about ‘Social Contract.’
Q. Discuss in detail Ibne Khaldun’s concept of ‘Asbiyah’.
Q. “Equal distribution of wealth”, explain this statement in the light of Marx’s philosophy.
Q. Write NOTES on any TWO of the following:
(i) Bentham’s ‘Utility’
(ii) Philosopher King
(iii) Pressure group
Q. Give a critical analysis of Aristotle’s classification of Governments.
Q. Is it correct to say that Machiavelli was an apostle of Power Politics?
Q. Describe Al-Mawardi’s theory of Imamate.
Q. Write short notes on any TWO of the following:
(i) End of History
(ii) Totalitarianism
(ii) Women Empowerment
Q. Compare and contrast the different political philosophies of Hobbes and Locke. How are these
philosophies implemented in present day political systems and policy making?
Q. According to Marx “the mode of production in material life determines the general character of
social, political and spiritual process in life”. Elucidate.
Q. Discuss the upward and downward development of state, rulers and ruled in the socio-political
thought of Ibn Khaldun.
Q. Critically analyze the salient features of Plato’s Republic. Do you think that some of its features are
valid, even today?
Q. What is the concept of State of Nature as given by Thomas Hobbes? Make its comparison with the
Social Contract as presented by John Locke and Rousseau.
Q. Write a detailed note on the concept of Asbiah as given by Ibn-e-Khaldun. What is its significance in
the progress and decline of nations?
Q. Write a detailed essay on the principle of Ijtihad in Islam as given by Allama Iqbal. How it can be made
possible in the modern age?
Q. Examine the view that Hegelian spirit is nothing but evolution of human consciousness to the
realization of political maturity for global human co-existence.
Q. The growing judicial activism in Pakistan is clearly at the expanse of parliamentary sovereignty and
supremacy. Critically analyze the statement.
Q. Explain the concept of Nationality and distinguish between Nationality and Citizenship.
Q. Globalization restrict the autonomy of the state, generates domestic social conflicts, and inequalities.
Discuss the interactions between globalization and domestic politics.
Q. Why monistic or absolute concept of sovereignty has been abandoned? Analyze legal concept of
sovereignty.
Q. Examine Montesquieu’s theory of separation of powers. Why has he been called “Aristotle” of
eighteenth century? Discuss.
Q. Critically analyze the Social Contract Theory of Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau.
Q. Examine the view that the Hegelian spirit is nothing but evolution of human consciousness to the
realization of political maturity for global human co-existence.
Q. What is the Aristotelian classification of state?
Q. What is the difference of between Rousseau’s notion of ‘the state of nature’ and that of Hobbes and
Locke?
Q. Ibn Khaldun while acknowledging the external factors, emphasizes more on the internal systemic
factors as decisive for the decline of states. Elaborate.
Q. Explain the socio-political thought of Shah Waliullah which is greatly ingrained in his religio-
philosophical thought.
Q. Discuss in detail the Plato’s concept of ‘justice’.
Q. Compare and contrast the concepts of the ‘executive’ presented by the Muslim thinkers Al-Farabi, Al-
Mawardi, and Shah Waliullah
Q. Illustrate Hobbesian concept of limited ‘right to revolution’
Q. Describe in detail Karl Marx views on class, state and religion.
 Section II
Q. Discuss organization & functions of pressure groups. Point out indicators of its effectiveness
Q. Define and discuss Liberty and its Safeguards. Enlist the causes of its decline in Modern times
Q. Write notes on the following:
(i) Principles of Fascism
(ii) Merits of Federation
Q. “An Ideal Islamic State is bound to bring revolutionary changes in all spheres of human life.” Discuss.
Q. Would you agree if it is stated that dictatorship is the only remedy for social, political and economic
instability in a developing country?
Q. Write short notes on the following:
(i) Attributes of Sovereignty
(ii) Opinion Polls.
Q. Write a comprehensive note on the power of judicial review and its limits in the context of Pakistan.
Q. What are the prerequisites for the success of democratic Political System?
Q. Write a short notes on the following:
(i) The nature and emergence of “nation state”
(ii) Rights and duties are two facets of the same coin.
Q. Define political science. To what extent can one be systematic in a study of political process? How
"scientific" is political science?
Q. Discus the principal advantages and disadvantages of parliamentary over presidential form of
government. Give special reference to Pakistan.
Q Write short notes on the following:
(i) Views of Marx on socialist revolution

(ii) Classical Liberalism

Q. Define and discuss Liberty and its safeguards. Enlist the causes of decline in modern times.

Q. Define political parties and their functions. In your view, which party system is suitable for Pakistan's
political system?

Q. Write short notes on the following:

(i) Independence of judiciary

(ii) Merits of Federation

Q. Discuss “Democratic Political System”. How can it bring even change in the society?
Q. Discuss the “Political Culture”. Also its importance.

Q. Write short NOTES on the following:

(i) Liberty

(ii)Separation of Power

Q. Discuss in detail the concept of sovereignty and explain its attributes.

Q. How public opinion is made and how it can be measured?

Q. How local self-government strengthens democracy. Why this system is unable to work consistently
and successfully in Pakistan?

Q. “Democratic Political System cannot function successfully without organized Political Parties.”
Discuss.

Q. Explain, ‘Confederation’. How it is different from Federation?

Q. Write short notes on the following:

(i) Civil society

(ii) Public opinion

Q. What is the Islamic concept of state? Identify issues and challenges to the Islamic concept of state in
the modern times.

Q. What characteristic of society leads to adoption of federal form of government? How it can function
successfully?

Q. Compare and contrast the differing roles played by political parties and interest groups in making
public policy?

Q. What is Fascism and why is it considered to be the child of first half of 20 th century events to place in
Europe?

Q. What is significance of Local Government System in a country? Discuss the reasons of repeated
failures of the efforts in Pakistan to establish a stable local government.

Q. What is the significance of independent judiciary in a democratic republic? Do you think that without
an independent judiciary a system of checks and balances can be established in the government?
Explain with appropriate examples.

Q. Write short notes on any TWO of the following:

(i) Role of middle class in strengthening the democracy.

(ii) Violation of parliamentary values and traditions in Pakistan

(iii) Significance of religious harmony in a state.

Q. How far 18th amendments will transform the existing federal system in Pakistan?
Q. Fascism generally flourishes in countries with strong nationalism and weak democracies. Discuss the
enabling conditions for fascism with reference to Germany and Italy.

Q. How far is it true to say that the origin of the state lies in force? Discuss critically the Theory of Force
regarding the origin of state.

Q. Why monistic or absolute concept of sovereignty has been abandoned? Analyze legal concept of
sovereignty.

Q. Examine Montesquieu’s theory of separation of powers. Why has he been called “Aristotle” of
eighteenth century? Discuss.

Q. Critically analyze the Social Contract Theory of Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau.

Q. Examine the view that the Hegelian spirit is nothing but evolution of human consciousness to the
realization of political maturity for global human co-existence.

Q. What are the political and legal constraints over the sovereignty of parliament in Pakistan?

Q. The adoption of parliamentary system in Pakistan is the result of political experiences of Pakistanis in
the past. Elaborate.

Q. What is capitalism and what is its relation with democracy?

Q. Write an essay on the development of modern nation-state

Q. Discuss in detail the development of local self-governments in Pakistan.

Q. Write short notes on the following:

(i) Islamic political ideology

(ii) Forms of political culture.