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04 Task Performance1

1. A study compared the adverse effects of a new medication to a placebo in 565 patients, finding 36 in the drug group and 13 in the placebo group experienced nausea. 2. The null hypothesis was that nausea has no effect on treatment, while the alternative hypothesis is that nausea determines treatment. 3. Using a chi-squared test at a 0.10 significance level, the results show a test statistic of 10.53, which exceeds the critical value of 2.17. 4. Therefore, there is sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that treatment is dependent on the side effect of nausea.

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85 views

04 Task Performance1

1. A study compared the adverse effects of a new medication to a placebo in 565 patients, finding 36 in the drug group and 13 in the placebo group experienced nausea. 2. The null hypothesis was that nausea has no effect on treatment, while the alternative hypothesis is that nausea determines treatment. 3. Using a chi-squared test at a 0.10 significance level, the results show a test statistic of 10.53, which exceeds the critical value of 2.17. 4. Therefore, there is sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that treatment is dependent on the side effect of nausea.

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Caite Viaje
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. A new medication's adverse effects are compared to a placebo.

The results of a straightforward


random sample of 565 patients are as follows. Is there sufficient data to infer that the treatment is
not dependent on the side effect of nausea at a significance level of = 0.10?

Result Drug Placebo Total


Nausea 36 13 49
Non Nausea 254 262 516
Total 290 275 565

 The null hypothesis Ho: The adverse effect of nausea has no bearing on the treatment.
 The alternative hypothesis H.: The nauseating side effect determines the course of
treatment.
 The level of significance a = 0.10
 The degrees of freedom: = (2-1) x (2-1) = 1 x 1 = 1
 The test of statistics can be calculated using the table below:
Row/Column E O (O-E) (O-E)² (O-E)²
E
1,1 49∗290 36 10.85 117.72 4.681
= 25.150
565
1,2 49∗275 13 -10.85 117.72 4.936
=23.849
565
2,1 516∗290 254 -10.85 117.72 0.444
=264.849
565
2,2 516∗275 262 10.85 117.72 0.469
=251.150
565

¿ (O−E)²
x ²=Ʃ Observe−expected ¿ ² =Ʃ =10.53
expected E

 The critical value: 2.17


 Decision: Since x²= 10.53 > 2.71. There is enough quantifiable evidence to disprove the
unreliable hypothesis and support the hypothesis that the treatment and reaction are related.

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