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Binomial Expansion Formulas

The document discusses binomial expansion formulas, which are used to expand binomial expressions with exponents that cannot be manually expanded using algebraic identities. It provides the binomial expansion formulas for natural powers and rational powers. The natural power formula expands (x + y)n as a sum of (n + 1) terms using binomial coefficients. The rational power formula expands (1 + x)n, where n is rational, as an infinite series using factorials in the coefficients. Examples are provided to demonstrate applying the formulas.

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vijay kumar honnali
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31 views3 pages

Binomial Expansion Formulas

The document discusses binomial expansion formulas, which are used to expand binomial expressions with exponents that cannot be manually expanded using algebraic identities. It provides the binomial expansion formulas for natural powers and rational powers. The natural power formula expands (x + y)n as a sum of (n + 1) terms using binomial coefficients. The rational power formula expands (1 + x)n, where n is rational, as an infinite series using factorials in the coefficients. Examples are provided to demonstrate applying the formulas.

Uploaded by

vijay kumar honnali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Binomial Expansion Formulas

Before learning binomial expansion formulas, let us recall what is a "binomial".


A binomial is an algebraic expression with two terms. For example, a + b, x -
y, etc are binomials. We have a set of algebraic identities to find the
expansion when a binomial is raised to exponents 2 and 3. For example, (a +
b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2. But what if the exponents are bigger numbers? It is tedious
to find the expansion manually. The binomial expansion formula eases this
process. Let us learn the binomial expansion formula along with a few solved
examples.

What Are Binomial Expansion Formulas?


As we discussed in the earlier section, the binomial expansion formulas are
used to find the powers of the binomials which cannot be expanded using
the algebraic identities. The binomial expansion formula involves binomial
coefficients which are of the form (nk)(nk) (or) nCknCk and it is calculated using
the formula, (nk)(nk) =n! / [(n - k)! k!]. The binomial expansion formula is also
known as the binomial theorem. Here are the binomial expansion formulas.
Binomial Expansion Formula of Natural Powers
This binomial expansion formula gives the expansion of (x + y)n where 'n' is
a natural number. The expansion of (x + y)n has (n + 1) terms. This formula
says:

(x + y)n = nC00 xn y0 + nC11 xn - 1 y1 + nC22 xn-2 y2 + nC33 xn - 3 y3 + ... + nCn−1n−1 x yn -


1 
+ nCnn x0yn

Here we use nCkk formula to calculate the binomial coefficients which


says nCkk = n! / [(n - k)! k!]. By applying this formula, the above binomial
expansion formula can also be written as,

(x + y)n = xn + n xn - 1 y1 + [n(n - 1)/2!] xn-2 y2 +  [n(n - 1)(n - 2)/3!]  xn - 3 y3 +... + n x yn
-1
 + yn

Note: If we observe just the coefficients, they are symmetric about the middle
term. i.e., the first coefficient is the same as the last one, the second
coefficient is as same as the one that is second from the last, etc.

Binomial Expansion Formula of Rational Powers


This binomial expansion formula gives the expansion of (1 + x)n where 'n' is
a rational number. This expansion has an infinite number of terms.

(1 + x)n = 1 + n x + [n(n - 1)/2!] x2 +  [n(n - 1)(n - 2)/3!]  x3 +... 

Note: To apply this formula, the value of |x| should be less than 1.

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