Government College Of Engineering Nagpur
Six Semester B. E.(Mechanical Engineering) (C.B.S.)
Session 2021-22
ENERGY CONVERSION -I
Question Bank
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UNIT-III
1)The substance used in fluidised bed is _______
a) Same as Packed Bed
b) Powdered Substance
c) Large balls
d) Finely divided Solid material
2)At fluidisation, the upward drag force is _________ the weight of the particles.
a) Equal to
b) Slightly higher than
c) Less than
d) Negligible to
3)The pressure drop in fluidised bed on fluidisation __________ with increasing flow rate.
a) Remains same
b) Linearly increases
c) Linearly decreases
d) Remains zero
4)At fluidisation, the temperature of the bed is _______
a) Constant but non-uniform
b) Same for fluid and particles
c) Non uniform
d) Increasing from the bottom
5)Coal combustion cannot be performed with fluidised bed as it would damage the walls.
a) True
b) False
6)The fluidised bed reactor is a ______ reactor.
a) Single phase
b) Two phase
c) Three phase
d) Gas phase
7)What does the following diagram represent?
a) Cracking and reforming of hydrocarbons (oil)
b) Carbonization and gasification of coal
c) Fischer -Tropsch synthesis
d) Limestone calcination
8)At minimum fluidisation flow rate, the gas flow velocity is also known as __________ of the pellets.
a) Superficial velocity
b) Terminal velocity
c) Average velocity
d) Transport velocity
9)Fluidised beds are always used in a vertical arrangement.
a) True
b) False
10)In Fluidised bed the particle size are___________
a) Usually Equal
b) Necessarily equal
c) Range of varying sizes
d) Identical
11) What is the name of the following bed?
a) Bubbled Bed
b) Spouted Bed
c) Packed bed flow
d) Slip-stick flow
12) When the bed is fluidized with liquids, it is known as ___________ fluidization, and with gas too it
is known as ___________ fluidization.
a) Homogeneous, Homogeneous
b) Heterogeneous, Homogeneous
c) Homogeneous, Heterogeneous
d) Heterogeneous, Heterogeneous
13) The pressure drop in bubbling fluidised bed ___________ with time for a given flow velocity.
a) Increases
b) Decreases
c) Oscillates
d) Remains same
14) Which one of the following working model is best suited for fluidized bed combustion boilers?
a) Bubbling fluidized beds
b) Laminar film fluidised bed
c) Pneumatic conveying regime
d) Moving bed (Dense flow)
15) On complete fluidisation, which one of the following is zero?
a) Gas-particle heat transfer
b) Heat transfer between different points in the bed
c) Heat transfer between the fluidized bed particles and the larger particles floating in the bed
d) Heat transfer to the submerged surfaces in contact with the bed
16)Compounding of steam turbine is done for
a) reducing the work done
(b) increasing the rotor speed
(c) reducing the rotor speed
(d) balancing the turbine
17)Which of the following is not a benefit of cogeneration
a. Increased efficiency of energy conversion and use
b. Reduced power factor
c. Reduced greenhouse gas emissions
d. Reduced transmission losses
18) Cogeneration is the simultaneous generation of
a. Heat and power
c. Steam and condensate
b. Mechanical energy and power
d. All of the above
UNIT-IV
1)Nozzle efficiency is described as.......
A. Isentropic heat drop/useful heat drop
B. useful heat drop/isentropic heat drop
C. saturation temperature/supersaturation temperature
D. supersaturation temperature/saturation temperature
2) The critical pressure ratio for initially dry saturated steam is.......
A.0.528
B.0.546
C.0.577
D.0.582
3) The steam leaves the nozzle at a.........
A. High pressure and low velocity
B. High-pressure and high velocity
C .Low pressure and low velocity
D .Low pressure and high velocity
4) The flow of steam in a nozzle is subsonic at......
A.Throat
B.Entrance
C.Convergent portion
D.Divergent portion
5) In convergent nozzle velocity velocity attained is.......
A.Velocity of sound
B.Supersonic velocity
C.Around 500 m/sec
D.1000 meter/sec
6)The value of critical pressure ratio for superheated steam is.......
A.0.5
B.0.546
C.0.454
D.0.64
7)The flow of steam is supersonic.........
A. At the entrance to the nozzle
B. At the throat of the nozzle
C. In the convergent portion of the nozzle
D. In the divergent portion of the nozzle
8)The effect of friction in nozzle is to .......
A. Keep dryness fraction constant
B. Increase dryness fraction
C. Decrease dryness fraction
D. First increase dryness fraction upto certain limit and then decrees it
9)Under thermal equilibrium, flow of steam is.......
A. Isentropic
B. Adiabatic
C. Hyperbolic
D. Polytropic
10)Shock effect in a nozzle is felt in.........
A. Divergent portion
B. Straight portion
C. Convergent portion
C. Throat
11)The Effect of friction in a nozzle......dryness fraction of steam
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Same
DNone of the above
12)The critical pressure ratio for initially superheated steam is.......as compared to
initially dry saturated steam
A. More
B. Less
C. Same
D.None of the above
13)A nozzle is said to be choked when .......
A .Flow-through it is zero
B. Flow is attained at maximum value corresponding to critical exit pressure
C.It is not possible to increase the flow by increasing inlet pressure
D.It is discharging into atmosphere
14) In a nozzle,the effect of supersaturation is to.......
A. Decrease the dryness fraction of steam
B. Decreases the specific volume of steam
C. Increase the entropy
D.Increase the enthalpy drop
15) For critical pressure ratio, the discharge through a nozzle is.......
A. Maximum
B. Minimum
C. Zero
E. Some value between maximum and minimum
16)The difference of supersaturated temperature and saturation temperature at that
pressure is known as .......
A.Degree of supersaturation
B.Degree of superheat
C.Degree of undercooling
D.None of these
17)For a convergent divergent nozzle,critical pressure ratio occurs when .......
A. Velocity at exit becomes sonic
B. Shock wave of occurs
C. Nozzle efficiency is maximum
D. Increase in exit and inlet pressure ratio does not increase steam flow rate
18)For a convergent divergent nozzle, the mass flow rate remains constant if the ratio of
exit and inlet pressures.........
A. Is less then critical pressure ratio
B. Is equal to the critical pressure ratio
C.Is more then critical pressure ratio
C.Is infinity
19) Mack number is more than unity in the following portion of a convergent divergent
nozzle......
A. Convergent potion
B. Straight portion
C.Throat
D.Divergent potion
20)Nozzles are used to control the ___________
a) temperature
b) rate of flow
c) mass flow rate
d) none of the mentioned
21) In fountains the type of nozzle used is _______
a) none of the mentioned
b) turbulent jet
c) high speed nozzle
d) laminar jet
22)Coefficient of velocity of nozzle is _______________
a) theoretical velocity/Actual velocity
b) actual velocity/Theoretical velocity
c) it is an experimental value
d) none of the mentioned
23)Pressure loss occurs in nozzle due to __________
a) due to viscous force
b) when fluid flows from convergent to divergent
c) frictional forces
d) none of the mentioned
24)Convergent nozzles are used in jet engines upto nozzle pressure ratio of _______
a) 0.8
b) 1.8
c) 2
d) none of the mentioned
25)Which of the following is NOT an effect of frictional loses in a convergent-divergent
nozzle?
a) Enthalpy drop is increased
b) The expansion is not isentropic
c) The final dryness fraction of the steam is increased
d) The specific volume of steam is increased
26) Presence of friction in a convergent-divergent nozzle, decreases the final velocity of
the steam and increases the dryness fraction of the steam.
a) True
b) False
27) Determine the velocity coefficient if the efficiency of a convergent-divergent steam
nozzle is 92%. The inlet velocity of steam is negligible.
a) 0.959
b) 0.120
c) 0.465
d) 0.542
Explanation: Given, η = 0.92
When inlet velocity is negligible, the velocity coefficient is the square root of the nozzle
efficiency.
Velocity coefficient = √η=√0.92= 0.959.
28) Dry and saturated steam at 12 bar expands through a convergent-divergent nozzle
having 90% efficiency to 2 bar. Determine the actual exit velocity of the steam. Neglect
the initial velocity of steam.
a) 451.20 m/s
b) 754.62 m/s
c) 650.32 m/s
d) 856.96 m/s
Explanation: P1 = 12 bar, η = 0.90, P2 = 2 bar
At 12 bar, from steam tables
h1 = hg1 = 2782.7 kJ/kg, s1 = sg1 = 6.519 kJ/kg-K
At 2 bar, from steam tables
hf2 = 504.7 kJ/kg, hfg2 = 2201.6 kJ/kg
sf2 = 1.530 kJ/kg-K, sfg2 = 5.597 kJ/kg-K
s1 = s2
s1 = sf2 + x2(sfg2)
6.519 = 1.530 + x2(5.597)
x2 = 0.891
h2 = hf2 + x2(hfg2)
= 504.7 +0.891(2201.6)
= 2466.32 kJ/kg
C2 = √44.72η(h1−h2)
C2 = √44.720.90(2782.7−2466.32)
C2 = 754.62 m/s.
29)Initial velocity of the steam entering a convergent-divergent steam nozzle is 60 m/s.
Steam expands from 15 bar and 250°C to 1 bar. Determine the exit velocity of steam if
nozzle has an efficiency of 95%.
a) 973.08 m/s
b) 654.32 m/s
c) 785.45 m/s
d) 900.75 m/s
Explanation: P1 = 15 bar, T1 = 250°C, η = 0.95, P2 = 1 bar, C1 = 60 m/s
At 15 bar and 200°C, from steam tables
h1 = 2923.5 kJ/kg, s1 = 6.710 kJ/kg-K
At 1 bar, from steam tables
hf2 = 417.5 kJ/kg, hfg2 = 2257.9 kJ/kg
sf2 = 1.303 kJ/kg-K, sfg2 = 6.057 kJ/kg-K
s1 = s2
s1 = sf2 + x2(sfg2)
6.70 = 1.303 + x2(6.057)
x2 = 0.89
h2 = hf2 + x2(hfg2)
= 417.5 + 0.89(2257.9)
= 2427.03 kJ/kg
C2 = √2∗1000∗η(h1−h2)+C21
C2 = √2∗1000∗0.95(2923.5−2427.03)+602
C2 = 973.08 m/s.
30) Dry and saturated steam enters a convergent-divergent steam nozzle at 11 bar and
leaves at 3 bar. Determine the nozzle efficiency if the actual enthalpy drop is 200 kJ/kg.
a) 78.56%
b) 96.36%
c) 90.35%
d) 85.27%
Explanation: P1 = 11 bar, P2 = 3 bar
Actual enthalpy drop = 200 kJ/kg
At 11 bar, from steam tables
h1 = hg = 2779.7 kJ/kg
s1 = sg = 6.550 kJ/kg-K
At 3 bar, from steam tables
hf2 = 561.5 kJ/kg, hfg2 = 2163.2 kJ/kg
sf2 = 1.672 kJ/kg-K, sfg2 = 5.319 kJ/kg-K
s1 = s2
s1 = sf2 + x2(sfg2)
6.550 = 1.672 + x2(5.319)
x2 = 0.917
h2 = hf2 + x2(hfg2)
= 561.5 + 0.917(2163.2)
= 2545.15 kJ/kg
Isentropic enthalpy drop = h1 – h2 = 2779.7 – 2545.15 = 234.55 kJ/kg
Actual enthalpy drop
Nozzle efficiency, η = =200234.55= 0.8527 or 85.27%
Isentropic entalpy drop
