VITEEE – 2023 -

PHYSICS
1. Mechanics and Properties of Matter
Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications. Static and kinetic friction
- laws of friction - rolling friction
Work done by a constant force and a variable force; kinetic energy - work-energy theorem
- power.
Conservative forces: conservation of mechanical energy (kinetic and potential energies)
- non-conservative forces: motion in a vertical circle - elastic and inelastic collisions.
Elastic behaviour - Stress-strain relationship - Hooke's law - Young's modulus - bulk modulus
- shear modulus of rigidity - Poisson's ratio - elastic energy. Viscosity - Stokes' law - terminal
velocity - streamline and turbulent flow - critical velocity. Bernoulli's theorem and its
applications.
Heat - temperature - thermal expansion: thermal expansion of solids - specific heat capacity:
Cp, Cv - latent heat capacity. Qualitative ideas of Blackbody radiation: Wein's displacement
Law - Stefan's law.

2. Electrostatics
Charges and their conservation; Coulomb’s law - superposition principle. Electric field – electric
field due to a point charge, electric field lines; electric dipole, electric field intensity due to a
dipole - behaviour of a dipole in a uniform electric field. Electric potential - potential difference-
electric potential due to a point charge and dipole - equipotential surfaces – electrical potential
energy of a system of two point charges.
Electric flux-Gauss’s law and its applications. Electrostatic induction-capacitor and
capacitance – dielectrics- electric polarisation – parallel plate capacitor with and without
dielectric – applications of capacitor – energy stored in a capacitor - Capacitors in series and in
parallel – Van de Graaff generator.

3. Current Electricity & Magnetic Effects of Electric Current

Electric Current – drift velocity and mobility and their relation with electric current. Ohm’s law,
electrical resistance - V-I characteristics – electrical resistivity and conductivity-classification of
materials in terms of conductivity – Carbon resistors – colour code for carbon resistors -
combination of resistors – series and parallel – temperature dependence of resistance – internal
resistance of a cell – potential difference and emf of a cell - combinations of cells in series and in
parallel.
Kirchoff’s law – Wheatstone’s Bridge and its application - Metrebridge - special case of
Wheatstone bridge - Potentiometer principle - comparing the emf of two cells.

Magnetic effect of electric current – Concept of magnetic field - Oersted’s experiment – Biot-
Savart law- Magnetic field due to a current carrying straight wire and circular coil – Tangent
galvanometer – Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid – magnetic field lines.
Ampere’s circuital law and its application. Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic field
and electric field – cyclotron – Force on current carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field –
Forces between two parallel current carrying conductors - definition of ampere.
Torque experienced by a current loop in a uniform magnetic field - moving coil galvanometer –
conversion to ammeter and voltmeter – current loop as a magnetic dipole - Magnetic dipole
moment of a revolving electron.

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4. Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current
Electromagnetic induction - Faraday’s law - induced emf and current - Lenz’s law. Self
induction - Mutual induction - self inductance of a long solenoid - mutual inductance of two
long solenoids. Methods of inducing emf - (i) by changing magnetic induction (ii) by
changing area enclosed by the coil and (iii) by changing the orientation of the coil.
AC generator - (Single phase, three phase). Eddy current - applications - transformer -
Alternating current - AC circuit with resistance - AC circuit with inductor - AC circuit with
capacitor - LCR series circuit - Resonance and Q - factor - power in AC circuits.

5. Optics
Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula. Refraction of light, total internal
reflection and its applications, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens
maker’s formula. Magnification, power of a lens, Resolving power, combination of thin
lenses in contact, combination of a lens and a mirror. Refraction and dispersion of light
through a prism.
Wavefront and Huygens’s principle - Reflection, total internal reflection and refraction of
plane wave at a plane surface using wavefronts. Interference - Young’s double slit
experiment and expression for fringe width - coherent source - Formation of colours in thin
films - Newton’s rings. Diffraction - differences between interference and diffraction of
light. Polarisation of light waves - polarisation by reflection - Brewster’s law - double
refraction - nicol prism - uses of plane polarised light.

6. Dual Nature of Radiation, Atomic & Nuclear Physics

Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics - Electromagnetic spectrum - Photoelectric
effect - Light waves and photons - particle nature of light - photocells and their applications.

Atomic structure – discovery of the electron – specific charge (Thomson’s method) and charge of
the electron (Millikan’s oil drop method) – alpha scattering – Rutherford’s atom model.

Nuclear properties - nuclear radii, masses, binding energy, density, charge - isotopes, isobars
and isotones - nuclear mass defect - binding energy - stability of nuclei

Nature of nuclear forces - Radioactivity - alpha, beta and gamma radiations and their
properties - Radioactive decay law - half life - mean life - artificial radioactivity - radio
isotopes - effects and uses. Radio carbon dating. Nuclear fission - chain reaction - atom
bomb - nuclear reactor - nuclear fusion.

7. Semiconductor Devices and their Applications

Semiconductor basics - energy bands in solids: difference between metals, insulators and
semiconductors - semiconductor doping - Intrinsic and Extrinsic semiconductors. Formation
of P-N Junction - Barrier potential and depletion layer-P-N Junction diode - Forward and
reverse bias characteristics - diode as a rectifier - Zener diode- LED. Junction transistors -
characteristics - transistor as a switch - transistor as an amplifier - transistor as an oscillator.

Logic gates - NOT, OR, AND, EXOR using discrete components - NAND and NOR gates as
universal gates - De Morgan’s theorem - Laws and theorems of Boolean algebra.

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