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Theodolite Types, Uses, Application Detailed Assignment

There are several types of theodolites classified based on different parameters: 1) Transit theodolites can reverse the line of sight of the telescope through rotation. 2) Non-transit theodolites cannot reverse the telescope and only measure vertical angles. 3) Vernier theodolites read the graduated circle with a vernier scale. 4) Micrometer theodolites use a micrometer for reading the graduated circle. 5) Electrical digital theodolites interpret and record angles electronically with greater accuracy. 6) Total stations combine the functions of a theodolite and distance measurement for surveying.

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Abdul Rehman
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1K views

Theodolite Types, Uses, Application Detailed Assignment

There are several types of theodolites classified based on different parameters: 1) Transit theodolites can reverse the line of sight of the telescope through rotation. 2) Non-transit theodolites cannot reverse the telescope and only measure vertical angles. 3) Vernier theodolites read the graduated circle with a vernier scale. 4) Micrometer theodolites use a micrometer for reading the graduated circle. 5) Electrical digital theodolites interpret and record angles electronically with greater accuracy. 6) Total stations combine the functions of a theodolite and distance measurement for surveying.

Uploaded by

Abdul Rehman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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(Q# 01)

What are different types of Theodolites based upon


different parameters?

Theodolite:
Theodolite is a very commonly used instrument that has a
fundamental importance in the field of surveying and structural engineering. A
theodolite is used to measure all sorts of vertical and horizontal angles. The work
of land survey is almost impossible without the use of a theodolite

Types Of Theodolite:
(1)Transit Theodolite

If line of sight of the telescope can be reversed


through the rotation of telescope by 180° about the horizontal
axis in vertical plane, the theodolite is known as transit
theodolite. This type of theodolite is commonly used for
survey.

2)Non-transit Theodolite:

If the telescope of a theodolite cannot be revolved about


the horizontal axis it is known as a non-transit theodolite only
vertical angles will be measured from this theodolite.
.

3)Vernier Theodolite:

Vernier theodolite is the type of theodolite in which the


graduated circle is read with the help of Vernier.

4)Micrometer Theodolite:

Micrometer theodolite is that type of theodolite in which


micrometer is provided for reading out graduated circle.

(5) Electrical Digital Theodolite


Type of theodolite in which Naturally interprets and
records horizontal and vertical angles with more accuracyand .
Eliminates the standard reading of scales on graduated circles.

(6)Total Station
The total Station accommodates the functions of a
theodolite for measuring angles, an EDM for measuring gaps,
digital data, and information documentation.
This Digital theodolite is also known as Modern Theodolite and can perform the
following functions:

 Distance measurement
 Angular measurement
 Data processing
 Digital display of point details
 Storing data is an electronic field book

(Q#3).

Write a note on uses of Theodolite and total


station, also elaborate the application of both with
example?

Uses of Theodolite in Surveying

Theodolite uses for many purposes, but mainly it is used for measuring
angles, scaling points of constructional works
. For example,
To determine highway points, huge buildings’ escalating edges
theodolites are used. Depending on the job nature and the accuracy required,
theodolite produces more curved readings and swings or different positions for
perfect measuring survey.

 Navigating
 Meteorology
 Laying out building corners and lines
 Measuring and laying out angles and straight lines
 Aligning wood frame walls
 Forming panels
 Plumbing a column or building corner

Advantages of Using a Theodolite


Theodolites have many advantages when compared to other leveling instruments:

 Greater accuracy.
 Internal magnifying optical system.
 Electronic readings.
 Horizontal circles can be instantly zeroed or set to any other value.
 Horizontal circle readings can be taken either to the left or right of zero.
 Repeat readings are unnecessary.

Theodolites have an internal optical device that makes reading circles much more
accurate than other instruments. Also, because the theodolite allows you to take
fewer repeat readings, these measurements can be made much more quickly.
Theodolites with optical instruments have advantages over other layout tools. They
have more precise measurements, they are unaffected by wind or other weather
factors, and they can be used on both flat ground and sloped ground.

Uses of total station


Total stations are the primary survey instrument used in surveying.

For example

(1) Mining
Total stations are the primary survey instrument used
in mining surveying. A total station is used to record the absolute location of the
tunnel walls, ceilings (backs), and floors as the drifts of an underground mine are
driven
(2) Meteorology
Meteorologists also use total stations to track weather
balloons for determining upper-level winds. With the average ascent rate of
the weather balloon known or assumed, the change in azimuth and
elevation readings provided by the total station as it tracks the weather
balloon over time are used to compute the wind speed and direction at
different altitudes.

Advantages of Using Total Stations

The following are some of the major advantages of using total station

1. Field work is carried out very fast.


2. Accuracy of measurement is high.
3. Manual errors involved in reading and recording are eliminated.
4. Calculation of coordinates is very fast and accurate. Even corrections for
temperature and pressure are automatically made.
5. Computers can be employed for map making and plotting contour and cross-
sections. Contour intervals and scales can be changed in no time.

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