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Part 11

The document discusses memory management techniques in Linux and Windows operating systems. It first describes how Linux uses virtual memory by extending RAM with disk storage, allowing applications to access more memory than is physically available. It then explains how Windows uses a virtual memory manager to map virtual addresses to physical memory pages, handling paging between RAM and a page file to allow each process up to 4GB of memory. The document next compares Linux and Windows virtual memory management. It finds their main similarity is swapping processes between memory and storage. It also notes that not implementing virtual memory could cause lagging if RAM cannot accommodate all running processes. However, the author would not incorporate virtual memory into their own design due to concerns about computer performance

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Muse Amor Orilla
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49 views3 pages

Part 11

The document discusses memory management techniques in Linux and Windows operating systems. It first describes how Linux uses virtual memory by extending RAM with disk storage, allowing applications to access more memory than is physically available. It then explains how Windows uses a virtual memory manager to map virtual addresses to physical memory pages, handling paging between RAM and a page file to allow each process up to 4GB of memory. The document next compares Linux and Windows virtual memory management. It finds their main similarity is swapping processes between memory and storage. It also notes that not implementing virtual memory could cause lagging if RAM cannot accommodate all running processes. However, the author would not incorporate virtual memory into their own design due to concerns about computer performance

Uploaded by

Muse Amor Orilla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Part 1:

1. If you are to add a new 10MB process in the memory, where could it possibly be added and
why?
• I believe that the 8MB block plus the amount of memory on its right side will be enough
to accommodate the new 10MB process since I believe that the process on the right
side of the 8MB block has already been swapped out of the RAM.
2. What could be the size of the free block just before it was partitioned by X? Rationalize
your answer.
• In the figure above, it says that the partition with the x mark has a size of 2MB, and that
there is a free block in its left side that is in 1MB size and %Mb on its right side, thus
2MB + 1MB + 5MB is equal to 8MB. Therefore, I believe the size of the free block to be
8MB.
3. Would you suggest the provisioning of virtual memory in this configuration? Why or why
not?
• Yes, because if the smaller processes continue to come in the initial variable partition
scheme, the larger partition will be divided into smaller partitions. The following
strategies are employed to avoid the issue of external fragmentation: compaction,
which involves relocating all processes to the top or bottom of the stack to make the
free memory available in a single continuous location.
4. Is it possible to add a new 7MB process using the first-fit placement algorithm without
swapping out any process? Why or why not?
• Yes, the implement of the first-fit placement algorithm is scanning the memory from the
beginning then chooses the first available block that is large enough for the process, in
the figure above there’s an 8MB available block that is large enough to handle the 7MB
of process.
5. A new process is requesting a 3MB allocation. Illustrate the possible memory configuration
using a horizontal segmented memory strip (like the diagram above), where a partition will
be created for the new process under the following placement algorithms: best-fit and first-
fit. Label your illustration clearly.
Part 2:

1. Linux Virtual Memory


• Linux supports virtual memory, that is, extending RAM with a disk such that the actual
amount of usable memory increases in proportion. A block of memory that is now
unoccupied will have its contents written to the hard drive by the kernel so that it can
be used later. The original contents are read back into memory for future use. To the
user, everything is fully transparent; applications running under Linux only perceive the
increased amount of memory accessible and are unaware that some of their
components occasionally live on the disk. The programs don't run as quickly since
reading and writing to the hard disk is, of course, far slower (on the order of a thousand
times slower) than doing so with real memory. The part of the hard disk that is used as
virtual memory is called the swap space.
Windows Virtual Memory
• In Microsoft Windows Operating Systems, the Virtual Memory Manager maps the
virtual addresses belonging to the address space of a running process to physical pages
of memory in the computer. This ensures that each process has sufficient virtual
memory to run efficiently and does not trespass on the memory of other processes. The
Virtual Memory Manager handles paging between RAM and the page file, swapping
pages by using a process called demand paging. The result is that each application has
access to up to 4 GB of memory. A similar process in older versions of Windows like
Microsoft Windows 95 and Windows 98 uses a comparable structure called the swap
file.
2.
a. Between the operation and management of Linux and Windows virtual memory, which do
you think is less complex and why?
• I think it’s the Window since it is way more advance than the Linux and it is the
operating
system that I am more familiar with. Also, we can use the Windows easily than the Linux.
b. Were you able to find similarities between Linux and Windows virtual memory? o If your
answer is yes, explain each similarity. o If your answer is no, explain the possible reason why
there is no similarity.
• I think their similarity is swapping the process in other memory and get it back again
when
they already have enough space to handle it.
c. What are the possible drawbacks of not implementing virtual memory?
• I think there’s a possibility that the computer will experience lagging especially if there’s
many
processes and the and since there’s no virtual memory RAM cannot accommodate it all.
d. If you are to design a memory management system, would you incorporate virtual memory
into your design? Why or why not?
• I think no, since virtual memory doesn’t help too much in computers performance.

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