DERIVATIVES OF LOGARITHMIC
FUNCTIONS
𝑑 𝑑𝑢ൗ𝑑𝑥
ln 𝑢 =
𝑑𝑥 𝑢
𝑑 𝑀 ∙ 𝑑𝑢ൗ𝑑𝑥
𝑙𝑜𝑔10 𝑢 =
𝑑𝑥 𝑢
𝑑 1 𝑑𝑢
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎 𝑢 = ∙
𝑑𝑥 𝑢 𝑙𝑛 𝑎 𝑑𝑥
Examples: Find the first derivative.
𝑦 = ln 7 − 3𝑥
1
𝑦′ = ∙ (−3)
7 − 3𝑥
′
−3
𝑦 =
7 − 3𝑥
𝑦 = ln 𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 , 𝑎 𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
′
1
𝑦 = 2 2
∙ (−2𝑥)
𝑎 −𝑥
−2𝑥
𝑦′ = 2
𝑎 − 𝑥2
𝑟 = ln(tan 𝜃)
2
𝑑𝑟 1 2
𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃
= ∙ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 =
𝑑𝜃 tan 𝜃 tan 𝜃
1
𝑑𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝜃 1 cos 𝜃
= = ∙
𝑑𝜃 sin 𝜃 2
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 sin 𝜃
cos 𝜃
𝑑𝑟 1 1
= ∙
𝑑𝜃 cos 𝜃 sin 𝜃
𝑑𝑟
= sec 𝜃 𝑐𝑠𝑐𝜃
𝑑𝜃
𝑟 = ln(sec 𝜃)
𝑑𝑟 1
= ∙ sec 𝜃 tan 𝜃
𝑑𝜃 sec 𝜃
𝑑𝑟
= tan 𝜃
𝑑𝜃
𝑦 = 𝑥 3 (3 ln 𝑥 − 1)
1
𝑦 = 𝑥 ∙ 3 ∙ + (3 ln 𝑥 − 1) ∙ 3𝑥 2
′ 3
𝑥
𝑦 ′ = 3𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 2 3 ln 𝑥 − 1
𝑦 ′ = 3𝑥 2 (1 + 3 ln 𝑥 − 1)
𝑦 ′ = 9𝑥 2 ln 𝑥
1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑦 = ln
1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑎
Rewrite the given using the property of logarithm: ln = ln 𝑎 − ln 𝑏
𝑏
𝑦 = ln 1 + sin 𝑥 − ln 1 − sin 𝑥
1 1 −1ൗ2 1 1 −1ൗ2
𝑦′ = 1ൗ ∙ 2 1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 ∙ cos 𝑥 − 1ൗ ∙ 2 1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 (− cos 𝑥)
(1 + sin 𝑥) 2 1 − sin 𝑥 2
1 cos 𝑥 1 cos 𝑥
𝑦′ = ∙ + ∙
2 1 + sin 𝑥 1ൗ2 1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 1ൗ
2 2 1 − sin 𝑥 1ൗ2 1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 1ൗ
2
′
cos 𝑥 cos 𝑥
𝑦 = +
2 1 + sin 𝑥 2 1 − sin 𝑥
cos 𝑥 1 − sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 (1 + sin 𝑥)
′
𝑦 =
2 1 + sin 𝑥 (1 − sin 𝑥)
′
cos 𝑥 − cos 𝑥 sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 sin 𝑥
𝑦 =
2 1 + sin 𝑥 (1 − sin 𝑥)
2 cos 𝑥
𝑦′ =
2 1 + sin 𝑥 (1 − sin 𝑥)
′
cos 𝑥 cos 𝑥
𝑦 = =
1 + sin 𝑥 (1 − sin 𝑥) 1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥
′
cos 𝑥 1
𝑦 = 2
= = sec 𝑥
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 cos 𝑥
𝑥2 𝑥 − 1
𝑦 = ln
𝑥+1 4
𝑎
Rewrite the given using the property of logarithm: ln =
𝑏
ln 𝑎 − ln 𝑏 and ln(𝑎𝑏) = 𝑙𝑛𝑎 + ln 𝑏
𝑦 = ln 𝑥 2 + ln(𝑥 − 1) − ln(𝑥 + 1)4
′
1 1 1 3
𝑦 = 2 ∙ 2𝑥 + ∙1− ∙ 4(𝑥 + 1)
𝑥 𝑥−1 (𝑥 + 1)4
′
2 1 4
𝑦 = + −
𝑥 𝑥−1 𝑥+1
2 𝑥 − 1 𝑥 + 1 + 𝑥 𝑥 + 1 − 4𝑥(𝑥 − 1)
𝑦′ =
𝑥(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 1)
2 𝑥 2 − 1 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥
𝑦′ =
𝑥(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 1)
2𝑥 2 − 2 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥
𝑦′ =
𝑥(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 1)
−𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 2
𝑦′ =
𝑥(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 1)
