NCERT Solutions for Class 10

Maths
Chapter 1 – Real Numbers

Exercise 1.1

1. Use Euclid’s division algorithm to find the HCF of:

(i) 135 and 225
Ans: We have to find the HCF of 135 and 225 by using Euclid’s division
algorithm.
According to Euclid’s division algorithm, the HCF of any two positive integers a
and b , where a  b is found as :
● First find the values of q and r , where a  bq  r , 0  r  b .
● If r  0 , the HCF is b . If r  0 , apply Euclid’s lemma to b and r .
● Continue steps till the remainder is zero. When we get the remainder zero,
divisor will be the HCF.
Let a  225 and b  135 .
Since, a  b
Using division algorithm, we get
a  bq  r
 225  135  1  90
Here,
 b  135
 q 1
 r  90
Since r  0 , we apply the Euclid’s lemma to b (new divisor) and r (new
remainder). We get
 135  90 1  45
Here,
 b  90
 q 1
 r  45
Since r  0 , we apply the Euclid’s lemma to b and r . We get
 90  2  45  0
Now, we get r  0 , thus we can stop at this stage.

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 When we get the remainder zero, divisor will be the HCF.
Therefore, the HCF of 135 and 225 is 45 .

(ii) 196 and 38220

Ans: We have to find the HCF of 196 and 38220 by using Euclid’s division
algorithm.
According to Euclid’s division algorithm, the HCF of any two positive integers a
and b , where a  b is found as :
● First find the values of q and r , where a  bq  r , 0  r  b .
● If r  0 , the HCF is b . If r  0 , apply Euclid’s lemma to b and r .
● Continue steps till the remainder is zero. When we get the remainder zero,
divisor will be the HCF.
Let a  38220 and b  196 .
Since, a  b
Using division algorithm, we get
a  bq  r
 38220  196 195  0
Here,
 b  196
 q  195
r 0
Since, we get r  0 , thus we can stop at this stage.
When we get the remainder zero, divisor will be the HCF.
Therefore, the HCF of 196 and 38220 is 196 .

(iii) 867 and 255

Ans: We have to find the HCF of 867 and 255 by using Euclid’s division
algorithm.
According to Euclid’s division algorithm, the HCF of any two positive integers a
and b , where a  b is found as :
● First find the values of q and r , where a  bq  r , 0  r  b .
● If r  0 , the HCF is b . If r  0 , apply Euclid’s lemma to b and r .
● Continue steps till the remainder is zero. When we get the remainder zero,
divisor will be the HCF.
Let a  867 and b  255 .
Since, a  b

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 Using division algorithm, we get
a  bq  r
 867  255  3  102
Here,
 b  255
q3
 r  102
Since r  0 , we apply the Euclid’s lemma to b (new divisor) and r (new
remainder). We get
 255  102  2  51
Here,
 b  102
q2
 r  51
Since r  0 , we apply the Euclid’s lemma to b and r . We get
 102  51 2  0
Now, we get r  0 , thus we can stop at this stage.
When we get the remainder zero, divisor will be the HCF.
Therefore, the HCF of 867 and 255 is 51 .

2. Show that any positive odd integer is of the form, 6q  1 or 6q  3 , or 6q  5

, where q is some integer.
Ans: Let a be any positive integer and b  6 .
Then, by Euclid’s division algorithm we get a  bq  r , where, 0  r  b .
Here, 0  r  6 .
Substitute the values, we get
 a  6q  r
If r  0 , we get
 a  6q  0
 a  6q
If r  1, we get
 a  6q  1
If r  2 , we get
 a  6q  2 and so on
Therefore, a  6q or 6q  1 or 6q  2 or 6q  3 or 6q  4 or 6q  5 .

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We can write the obtained expressions as
6q  1  2  3q  1
 6q  1  2k1  1
Where, k 1 is an integer.
6q  3  6q  2  1
 6q  3  2  3q  1  1
 6q  3  2k 2  1
Where, k 2 is an integer.
6q  5  6q  4  1
 6q  5  2  3q  2   1
 6q  5  2k 3  1
Where, k 3 is an integer.
Thus, 6q  1,6q  3,6q  5 are of the form 2k  1 and are not exactly divisible by 2
Also, all these expressions are of odd numbers.
Therefore, any positive odd integer can be expressed in the form, 6q  1 or 6q  3 ,
or 6q  5 , where q is some integer.

3. An army contingent of 616 members is to march behind an army band of 32

members in a parade. The two groups are to march in the same number of
columns. What is the maximum number of columns in which they can
march?
Ans: Given that an army contingent of 616 members is to march behind an army
band of 32 members in a parade. The two groups are to march in the same number
of columns.
We have to find the maximum number of columns in which they can march.
We need to find the HCF of 616 and 32 to find the maximum number of columns.
We will use the Euclid’s division algorithm to find the HCF.
Let a  616 and b  32 .
Since, a  b
Using division algorithm, we get
a  bq  r
 616  32 19  8
Here,
 b  32

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 q  19
r 8
Since r  0 , we apply the Euclid’s lemma to b (new divisor) and r (new remainder).
We get
 32  8  4  0
Since, we get r  0 , thus we can stop at this stage.
When we get the remainder zero, divisor will be the HCF.
Therefore, the HCF of 616 and 32 is 8 .
Therefore, in 8 columns members can march.

4. Use Euclid’s division lemma to show that the square of any positive integer
is either of form 3m or 3m  1 for some integer m .
[Hint: Let x be any positive integer than it is of the form 3q,3q  1 or 3q  2 .
Now, square each of these and show that they can be rewritten in the form 3m
or 3m  1 .]
Ans: Let a be any positive integer and b  3 .
Then, by Euclid’s division algorithm we get a  bq  r , where, 0  r  b .
Here, 0  r  3 .
Substitute the values, we get
 a  3q  r
If r  0 , we get
 a  3q  0
 a  3q
If r  1, we get
 a  3q  1
If r  2 , we get
 a  3q  2
Therefore, a  3q or 3q  1 or 3q  2 .
Now, squaring each of these, we get
 a 2   3q  or  3q  1 or  3q  2 
2 2 2

Now, applying the identity  a  b   a 2  2ab  b2 , we get

2

 a 2  9q 2 or 9q 2  6q  1 or 9q 2  12q  4
Thus, we get
 a 2  3  3q 2

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 a 2  3m , where, m  3q 2
And,
a 2  3  3q 2  3  2q  1
 a 2  3  3q 2  2q   1
 a 2  3m  1, where, m  3q 2  2q
And,
a 2  3  3q 2  6  2q  4
 a 2  3  3q 2  6  2q  3  1
 a 2  3  3q 2  4q  1  1
 a 2  3m  1, where, m  3q 2  4q  1
Therefore, we can say that the square of any positive integer is either of form 3m or
3m  1 for some integer m .

5. Use Euclid’s division lemma to show that the cube of any positive integer is
of the form 9m , 9m  1 or 9m  8 .
Ans: Let a be any positive integer and b  3 .
Then, by Euclid’s division algorithm we get a  bq  r , where, 0  r  b .
Here, 0  r  3 .
Substitute the values, we get
 a  3q  r
If r  0 , we get
 a  3q  0
 a  3q
If r  1, we get
 a  3q  1
If r  2 , we get
 a  3q  2
Therefore, a  3q or 3q  1 or 3q  2 .
Now, consider a  3q , we get
 a 3   3q 
3

 a 3  27q3

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 a 3  9  3q 3 
 a 3  9m , where, m  3q3
Now, consider a  3q  1 , we get
 a 3   3q  1
3

Now, applying the identity  a  b   a 3  3a 2b  3ab2  b3 , we get

3

 a 3  27q3  27q 2  9q  1
 a 3  9  3q 3  3q 2  q   1
 a 3  9m  1, where, m  3q3  3q 2  q
Now, consider a  3q  2 , we get
 a 3   3q  2 
3

Now, applying the identity  a  b   a 3  3a 2b  3ab2  b3 , we get

3

 a 3  27q3  54q 2  36q  8

 a 3  9  3q 3  6q 2  4q   8
 a 3  9m  8 , where, m  3q3  6q 2  4q
Therefore, we can say that cube of any positive integer is of the form 9m , 9m  1 or
9m  8 .

Exercise 1.2

1. Express each number as product of its prime factors:

(i) 140
Ans: We know that the procedure of writing a number as the product of prime
numbers is known as the prime factorization. Prime numbers that can be
multiplied to obtain the original number are known as prime factors.
 140  2  2  5  7
140  22  5  7
Therefore, the prime factors of 140 are 2,5,7 .

(ii) 156
Ans: We know that the procedure of writing a number as the product of prime
numbers is known as the prime factorization. Prime numbers that can be

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 multiplied to obtain the original number are known as prime factors.
 156  2  2  3 13
156  22  3  13
Therefore, the prime factors of 156 are 2,3,13 .

(iii) 3825
Ans: We know that the procedure of writing a number as the product of prime
numbers is known as the prime factorization. Prime numbers that can be
multiplied to obtain the original number are known as prime factors.
 3825  3  3  5  5 17
3825  32  52 17
Therefore, the prime factors of 3825 are 3,5,17 .

(iv) 5005
Ans: We know that the procedure of writing a number as the product of prime
numbers is known as the prime factorization. Prime numbers that can be
multiplied to obtain the original number are known as prime factors.
 5005  5  7 1113
5005  5  7 1113
Therefore, the prime factors of 5005 are 5,7,11,13 .

(v) 7429
Ans: We know that the procedure of writing a number as the product of prime
numbers is known as the prime factorization. Prime numbers that can be
multiplied to obtain the original number are known as prime factors.
 7429  17 19  23
7429  17 19  23
Therefore, the prime factors of 7429 are 17,19,23 .

2. Find the LCM and HCF of the following pairs of integers and verify that
LCM  HCF  Product of two numbers .
(i) 26 and 91
Ans: First we write the prime factors of 26 and 91 . We get
 26  2 13 and
 91  7  13
Now, we know that HCF is the highest factor, among the common factors of two
numbers.

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 Therefore, the HCF of 26 and 91 is 13 .
Now, we know that LCM is least common multiple. To find the LCM multiplies
each factor to the number of times it occurs in any number.
Then the LCM of 26 and 91 will be
 2  7 13  182
Therefore, the LCM of 26 and 91 is 182 .
Now, the product of two numbers is
 26  91  2366
Product of LCM and HCF is
 13 182  2366
We get LCM  HCF  Product of two numbers .
The desired result has been verified.

(ii) 510 and 92

Ans: First we write the prime factors of 510 and 92 . We get
 510  2  3  5 17 and
 92  2  2  23
Now, we know that HCF is the highest factor, among the common factors of two
numbers.
Therefore, the HCF of 510 and 92 is 2 .
Now, we know that LCM is least common multiple. To find the LCM multiplies
each factor to the number of times it occurs in any number.
Then the LCM of 510 and 92 will be
 2  2  3  5 17  23  23460
Therefore, the LCM of 510 and 92 is 23460 .
Now, the product of two numbers is
 510  92  46920
Product of LCM and HCF is
 2  23460  46920
We get LCM  HCF  Product of two numbers .
The desired result has been verified.

(iii) 336 and 54

Ans: First we write the prime factors of 336 and 54 . We get
 336  2  2  2  2  3  7 and
 54  2  3  3  3
Now, we know that HCF is the highest factor, among the common factors of two

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 numbers.
Therefore, the HCF of 336 and 54 is 2  3  6 .
Now, we know that LCM is least common multiple. To find the LCM multiplies
each factor to the number of times it occurs in any number.
Then the LCM of 336 and 54 will be
 2  2  2  2  3  3  3  7  3024
Therefore, the LCM of 336 and 54 is 3024 .
Now, the product of two numbers is
 336  54  18144
Product of LCM and HCF is
 6  3024  18144
We get LCM  HCF  Product of two numbers .
The desired result has been verified.

3. Find the LCM and HCF of the following integers by applying the prime
factorization method.
(i) 12,15 and 21
Ans: The procedure of writing a number as the product of prime numbers is
known as the prime factorization.
The prime factors of 12,15 and 21 are as follows:
 12  2  2  3
 15  3  5 and
 21  3  7
Now, we know that HCF is the highest factor, among the common factors of two
numbers.
Therefore, the HCF of 12,15 and 21 is 3 .
Now, we know that LCM is least common multiple. To find the LCM multiplies
each factor to the number of times it occurs in any number.
Then the LCM of 12,15 and 21 will be
 2  2  3  5  7  420
Therefore, the LCM of 12,15 and 21 is 420 .

(ii) 17,23 and 29

Ans: The procedure of writing a number as the product of prime numbers is
known as the prime factorization.
The prime factors of 17,23 and 29 are as follows:

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  17  17  1
 23  23  1 and
 29  29  1
Now, we know that HCF is the highest factor, among the common factors of two
numbers.
Therefore, the HCF of 17,23 and 29 is 1 .
Now, we know that LCM is least common multiple. To find the LCM multiplies
each factor to the number of times it occurs in any number.
Then the LCM of 17,23 and 29 will be
 17  23  29  11339
Therefore, the LCM of 17,23 and 29 is 11339 .

(iii) 8,9 and 25

Ans: The procedure of writing a number as the product of prime numbers is
known as the prime factorization.
The prime factors of 8,9 and 25 are as follows:
 8  2 2 2
 9  3  3 and
 25  5  5
Now, we know that HCF is the highest factor, among the common factors of two
numbers. as there is no common factor.
Therefore, the HCF of 8,9 and 25 is 1 .
Now, we know that LCM is least common multiple. To find the LCM multiplies
each factor to the number of times it occurs in any number.
Then the LCM of 8,9 and 25 will be
 2  2  2  3  3  5  5  1800
Therefore, the LCM of 8,9 and 25 is 1800 .

4. Given that HCF  306,657   9 , find LCM  306,657  .

Ans: We have been given the HCF of two numbers  306,657   9 .
We have to find the LCM of  306,657  .
Now, we know that LCM  HCF  Product of two numbers
Substitute the values, we get
LCM  9  306  657

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 306  657
 LCM 
9
 LCM  22338
Therefore, the LCM of  306,657   22338 .

5. Check whether 6n can end with the digit 0 for any natural number n .
Ans: We have to check whether 6n can end with the digit 0 for any natural number
n.
By divisibility rule we know that if any number ends with the digit 0 , it is divisible
by 2 and 5 .
Thus, the prime factors of 6n is
 6n   2  3
n

Now, we will observe that for any value of n , 6n is not divisible by 5 .

Therefore, 6n cannot end with the digit 0 for any natural number n .

6. Explain why 7  11  13  13 and 7  6  5  4  3  2  1  5 are composite

numbers.
Ans: The given numbers are 7 1113  13 and 7  6  5  4  3  2 1  5 .
We can rewrite the given numbers as
 7 1113  13  13   7 11  1
 7  11 13  13  13   77  1
 7 1113  13  13  78
 7 1113  13  13 13  6
And,
 7  6  5  4  3  2  1  5  5   7  6  4  3  2  1  1
 7  6  5  4  3  2 1  5  5  1008  1
 7  6  5  4  3  2 1  5  5 1009
Here, we can observe that the given expressions has its factors other than 1 and the
number itself.
A composite number have factors other than 1 and the number itself.
Therefore, 7 1113  13 and 7  6  5  4  3  2 1  5 are composite numbers.

7. There is a circular path around a sports field. Sonia takes 18 minutes to drive
one round of the field, while Ravi takes 12 minutes for the same. Suppose

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 they both start at the same point and at the same time, and go in the same
direction. After how many minutes will they meet again at the starting point?
Ans: It can be observed that Ravi takes lesser time than Sonia for completing 1
round of the circular path. Both are going in the same direction, they will meet again
when Ravi will have completed 1 round of that circular path with respect to Sonia.
The total time taken for completing this 1 round of circular path will be the LCM of
time taken by Sonia and Ravi for ending 1 round of circular path respectively i.e.,
LCM of 18 minutes and 12 minutes.
The prime factors of 12 and 18 are as follows:
 12  2  2  3 and
 18  2  3  3
Now, we know that LCM is least common multiple. To find the LCM multiplies
each factor to the number of times it occurs in any number.
Then the LCM of 12 and 18 will be
 2  2  3  3  36
Therefore, Ravi and Sonia meet again at the starting point after 36 minutes.

Exercise 1.3

1. Prove that 5 is irrational.

Ans: We have to prove that 5 is irrational.
We will use contradiction method to prove it.
a
Let 5 is a rational number of the form , where b  0 and a and b are co-prime
b
i.e. a and b have only 1 as a common factor.
a
Let 5 
b
Now, squaring both sides, we get
2

  a
2
5  
b
2
a
5 2
b
 a  5b2 …….(1)
2

If a 2 is divisible by 5 than a is also divisible by 5 .

Let a  5k , where, k is any integer.

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Again squaring both sides, we get
 a 2   5k 
2

Substitute the value in eq. (1), we get

  5k   5b 2
2

 b2  5k 2 …..(2)
If b 2 is divisible by 5 than b is also divisible by 5 .
From, eq. (1) and (2), we can conclude that a and b have 5 as a common factor.
This contradicts our assumption.
Therefore, we can say that 5 is irrational.
Hence proved.

2. Prove that 3  2 5 is irrational.

Ans: We have to prove that 3  2 5 is irrational.
We will use contradiction method to prove it.
a
Let 3  2 5 is a rational number of the form , where b  0 and a and b are co-
b
prime i.e. a and b have only 1 as a common factor.
a
Let 3  2 5 
b
a
 2 5  3
b
1 a 
 5    3  ……..(1)
2 b 
1 a 
From eq. (1) we can say that   3  is rational so 5 must be rational.
2 b 
But this contradicts the fact that 5 is irrational. Hence the assumption is false.
Therefore, we can say that 3  2 5 is irrational.
Hence proved.

3. Prove that following are irrationals:

1
(i)
2

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 1
Ans: We have to prove that is irrational.
2
We will use contradiction method to prove it.
1 a
Let is a rational number of the form , where b  0 and a and b are co-
2 b
prime i.e. a and b have only 1 as a common factor.
1 a
Let 
2 b
b
 2  ………..(1)
a
b
From eq. (1) we can say that is rational so 2 must be rational.
a
But this contradicts the fact that 2 is irrational. Hence the assumption is false.
1
Therefore, we can say that is irrational.
2
Hence proved.

(ii) 7 5
Ans: We have to prove that 7 5 is irrational.
We will use contradiction method to prove it.
a
Let 7 5 is a rational number of the form , where b  0 and a and b are co-
b
prime i.e. a and b have only 1 as a common factor.
a
Let 7 5 
b
a
 5 ………..(1)
7b
a
From eq. (1) we can say that is rational so 5 must be rational.
7b
But this contradicts the fact that 5 is irrational. Hence the assumption is false.
Therefore, we can say that 7 5 is irrational.
Hence proved.

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 15

 (iii) 6  2
Ans: We have to prove that 6  2 is irrational.
We will use contradiction method to prove it.
a
Let 6  2 is a rational number of the form , where b  0 and a and b are co-
b
prime i.e. a and b have only 1 as a common factor.
a
Let 6  2 
b
a
 2   6 ………..(1)
b
a
From eq. (1) we can say that  6 is rational so 2 must be rational.
b
But this contradicts the fact that 2 is irrational. Hence the assumption is false.
Therefore, we can say that 6  2 is irrational.
Hence proved.

Exercise 1.4

1. Without actually performing the long division, state whether the following
rational numbers will have a terminating decimal expansion or a non-
terminating repeating decimal expansion:
13
(i)
3125
13
Ans: Given a rational number .
3125
If the denominator of a rational number has prime factors of the form 2n 5m , where,
m and n are positive integers. Then the rational number has terminating decimal
expansion. If the denominator has factors other than 2 and 5 , then it has non-
terminating decimal expansion.
The denominator of the given number is 3125 .
Then, factors of 3125 are
 3125  5  5  5  5  5
 3125  55
Here, the factors of denominator are of the form 5m .

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 13
Therefore, has terminating decimal expansion.
3125

17
(ii)
8
17
Ans: Given a rational number .
8
If the denominator of a rational number has prime factors of the form 2n 5m , where,
m and n are positive integers. Then the rational number has terminating decimal
expansion. If the denominator has factors other than 2 and 5 , then it has non-
terminating decimal expansion.
The denominator of the given number is 8 .
Then, factors of 8 are
 8  2 2 2
 8  23
Here, the factors of denominator are of the form 2n .
17
Therefore, has terminating decimal expansion.
8

64
(iii)
455
64
Ans: Given a rational number .
455
If the denominator of a rational number has prime factors of the form 2n 5m , where,
m and n are positive integers. Then the rational number has terminating decimal
expansion. If the denominator has factors other than 2 and 5 , then it has non-
terminating decimal expansion.
The denominator of the given number is 455 .
Then, factors of 455 are
 455  5  7 13
Here, the factors of denominator are not in the form 2n 5m . The denominator has
factors other than 2 and 5 .
64
Therefore, has non-terminating repeating decimal expansion.
455

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 15
(iv)
1600
15
Ans: Given a rational number .
1600
If the denominator of a rational number has prime factors of the form 2n 5m , where,
m and n are positive integers. Then the rational number has terminating decimal
expansion. If the denominator has factors other than 2 and 5 , then it has non-
terminating decimal expansion.
The denominator of the given number is 1600 .
Then, factors of 1600 are
 1600  2  2  2  2  2  2  5  5
 1600  26  55
Here, the factors of denominator are of the form 2n 5m .
15
Therefore, has terminating decimal expansion.
1600

29
(v)
343
29
Ans: Given a rational number .
343
If the denominator of a rational number has prime factors of the form 2n 5m , where,
m and n are positive integers. Then the rational number has terminating decimal
expansion. If the denominator has factors other than 2 and 5 , then it has non-
terminating decimal expansion.
The denominator of the given number is 343 .
Then, factors of 343 are
 343  7  7  7
 343  73
Here, the factors of denominator are not in the form 2n 5m . The denominator has
factors other than 2 and 5 .
29
Therefore, has non-terminating repeating decimal expansion.
343

23
(vi)
2352

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 23
Ans: Given a rational number .
2352
If the denominator of a rational number has prime factors of the form 2n 5m , where,
m and n are positive integers. Then the rational number has terminating decimal
expansion. If the denominator has factors other than 2 and 5 , then it has non-
terminating decimal expansion.
The denominator of the given number is 2352 .
Here, the denominator is of the form 2n 5m .
23
Therefore, 3 2 has terminating decimal expansion.
25

129
(vii)
2 2 57 7 5
129
Ans: Given a rational number .
2 2 57 7 5
If the denominator of a rational number has prime factors of the form 2n 5m , where,
m and n are positive integers. Then the rational number has terminating decimal
expansion. If the denominator has factors other than 2 and 5 , then it has non-
terminating decimal expansion.
The denominator of the given number is 225775 .
Here, the denominator is of the form 2n 5m but also has factors other than 2 and 5
129
Therefore, 2 7 5 has non-terminating repeating decimal expansion.
257

6
(viii)
15
6
Ans: Given a rational number .
15
If the denominator of a rational number has prime factors of the form 2n 5m , where,
m and n are positive integers. Then the rational number has terminating decimal
expansion. If the denominator has factors other than 2 and 5 , then it has non-
terminating decimal expansion.
The denominator of the given number is 15 .
Then, factors of 3125 are

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 19

  15  3  5
But we can write the numerator of the given number as
6 23 2
 
15 3  5 5
Here, the factors of denominator are of the form 5m .
6
Therefore, has terminating decimal expansion.
15

35
(ix)
50
35
Ans: Given a rational number .
50
If the denominator of a rational number has prime factors of the form 2n 5m , where,
m and n are positive integers. Then the rational number has terminating decimal
expansion. If the denominator has factors other than 2 and 5 , then it has non-
terminating decimal expansion.
The denominator of the given number is 50 .
Then, factors of 50 are
 50  10  5
But we can write the numerator of the given number as
35 7  5 7
 
50 10  5 10
 10  2  5
Here, the factors of denominator are of the form 2n 5m .
35
Therefore, has terminating decimal expansion.
50

77
(x)
210
77
Ans: Given a rational number .
210
If the denominator of a rational number has prime factors of the form 2n 5m , where,
m and n are positive integers. Then the rational number has terminating decimal
expansion. If the denominator has factors other than 2 and 5 , then it has non-

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 20

 terminating decimal expansion.
The denominator of the given number is 210 .
Then, factors of 210 are
 210  2  3  5  7
Here, the denominator has factors other than 2 and 5 .
77
Therefore, has non-terminating repeating decimal expansion.
210

2. Write down the decimal expansions of those rational numbers in Question 1

above which have terminating decimal expansions.
13
(i)
3125
13
Ans: To find the decimal expansion of , we will divide the numerator of the
3125
number by denominator using long division method. We get
0.00416
3125 13.00000
0
130
0
13000
12500
5000
3125
18750
18750
0
13
Therefore, the decimal expansion of is 0.00416 .
3125

17
(ii)
8

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 17
Ans: To find the decimal expansion of , we will divide the numerator of the
8
number by denominator using long division method. We get
2.125
8 17
16
10
8
20
16
40
40
0
17
Therefore, the decimal expansion of is 2.125 .
8

15
(iii)
1600
15
Ans: To find the decimal expansion of , we will divide the numerator of the
1600
number by denominator using long division method. We get

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 22

 0.009375
1600 15.000000
0
150
0
1500
0
15000
14400
6000
4800
12000
11200
8000
8000
0
15
Therefore, the decimal expansion of is 0.009375 .
1600

23
(iv)
2352
23
Ans: To find the decimal expansion of , we will divide the numerator of the
2352
number by denominator using long division method. We get
23 23
3 2

25 200

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 23

 00.115
200 23.000
0
23
0
230
200
300
200
1000
1000
0
23
Therefore, the decimal expansion of is 00.115 .
2352

6
(v)
15
6
Ans: To find the decimal expansion of , we will divide the numerator of the
15
number by denominator using long division method. We get
6 23 2
 
15 3  5 5
0.4
5 2.0
0
20
20
0
6
Therefore, the decimal expansion of is 0.4 .
15

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 24

 35
(vi)
50
35
Ans: To find the decimal expansion of , we will divide the numerator of the
50
number by denominator using long division method. We get
0.7
50 35.0
0
350
350
0
35
Therefore, the decimal expansion of is 0.7 .
50

3. The following real numbers have decimal expansions as given below. In each
case, decide whether they are rational or not. If they are rational, and of the
p
form , what can you say about the prime factors of q ?
q
(i) 43.123456789
Ans: Given a decimal expansion 43.123456789 .
The given number has terminating expansion, we can write the number as
43123456789 p
, which is of the form .
1000000000 q
Therefore, the number 43.123456789 is a rational number.
Since the number has terminating decimal expansion, the factors of q must be of
the form 2n 5m .

(ii) 0.120120012000120000......
Ans: Given a decimal expansion 0.120120012000120000...... .
When we observe the given expansion we can say that the number has non-
terminating and non-repeating decimal expansion. Hence we cannot express it in
p
the form of .
q

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 25

 Therefore, the number is irrational.

(iii) 43.123456789
Ans: Given the decimal expansion 43.123456789 .
The given number has non-terminating but repeating decimal expansion. So the
p
number will be of the form .
q
Therefore, the number 43.123456789 is a rational number.
But the factors of denominator are not of the form 2n 5m . Denominator also has
factors other than 2 and 5 .

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