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Pembb 1: Prof. Dr. Martin Kustati, M.Pd.

Pembb 2: Haryudi Nizar, M.Pd.
Feb 3, 2021. Kajur TBI

IMPLEMENTATION OF EFL ONLINE LEARNING AT ISLAMIC SENIOR

HIGH SCHOOL 3 PASAMAN

A Thesis
Submitted as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for S1-Digree

By

Susi Mulyani

171405000

Advisor :

Dr. Besral, M. Pd.

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION

FACULTY OF TARBIYAH AND TEACHER’S TRAINING

IMAM BONJOL STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY

PADANG
 2020/2021

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

A Background of the Problem

The corona virus is classified as a new type and its appearance occurred in December
2019 in the city of Wuhan, China. If humans are infected, it will cause respiratory tract
infections, from the common cold to causing death in the elderly or people who have a
history of chronic diseases (Li et al., 2020). The spread is quite wide and fast because it
can spread through small droplets from the nose or mouth when coughing or sneezing
(Manoj et al., 2020). The impact caused by the corona virus is very large and affects daily
activities , especially in the world of education.

Freshly graduated students may face difficulties in finding work (Bokde et al., 2020).
To anticipate and reduce the spread of the corona virus, the government has
implemented a lockdown system that has been implemented in every region. By
providing a policy of limiting activities outside the home, school activities are sent home,
work from home (Yunus & Rezki, 2020). To stop the spread of the corona virus, various
countries have begun to replace conventionalteaching and learning processes in schools
with online learning (Basilaia, 2020).

In several previous studies, there have been many discussions about how to combine
FTF learning method research with e - learning-based distance learning that was carried
out long before the case of the corona virus occurred (Alaneme et al., 2010). From basic
correspondence via postal service to the various tools available via the internet, people
have initiated new forms of communication over the years. One of the new forms of
education is online learning, known to have a history of early access in the 1980s,
whereas another term known as e-Learning, has no full origin (Moore et al., 2011).
Recently at the b e several countries eg Georgia became one of 188 countries around
the world which has suspended the educational process, and turning to a variety of
platforms provided with government support, such as online portals, school TV and
Microsoft team for public schools and alternatives such as zoom, Slack and Google Meet,
the EduPage platform that can be used for online education and direct communication
and provides examples of its use (Basilaia & Kvavadze, 2020).
From several studies that can It was found, in Indonesia the development of the e-
learning learning system has been around in 2015, but the development is still minimal
because many think this does not provide convenience (Asnawi, 2018). In a research
that uses mixed methods, by conducting parametric and non-parametric statistical
analysis followed by qualitative descriptive, it shows that in a learning transition
situation using this online method, it is known that around 60.5% of students are ready
to adapt to the use of online lecture learning technology but around 59.5% object to
assignments given by lecturers which are in student stress levels of around 60%. With
this, the influence of the use of online learning technology in Indonesia has a profound
impact on the mentality of students in Indonesia (Kusnayat, 2020).

With the stay at home policy enforced by the government, limited all the activities
we usually do outside the home. Such as educational activities at schools that have to be
carried out at home until the end of 2020. This policy encourages teaching staff to look
for new innovations that can be used in learning activities at home. Not all regions in
Indonesia can experience an uninterrupted internet connection and not all students in
Indonesia have smartphones. This, will only have a stressful impact on students without
making them understand the subject matter given. As a result, teaching and learning
activities are not carried out effectively like conventional methods that are usually used
in schools because the implementation of teaching and learning activities has not
adopted learning. Through this research, it is hoped that you can find out the level of
effectiveness of online learning that replaces face-to face learning methods in schools
during the Covid-19 pandemic and evaluate the obstacles faced during the online
learning process.

B Research Problem Formulation

Based on the research background described above, the problem formulations in this
study are:
 1. How effective is the implementation of online learning during COVID-19 ?
2. What are the obstacles faced in implementing online learning during COVID-19 ?

C Research objectives
With the formulation of the problem that has been in the description above, the goal
is in this research is:
1. Knowing the effectiveness of implementing online learning during COVID-19
2. Knowing the obstacles faced in implementing online learning during COVID-19

D Benefits of research
The benefits expected from this research are as follows :
1. For the Department of English Education, the results of research are expected to
be useful input to improve the development of online learning implementation if
virtual classes are reinstated
2. For schools, especially MAN 3 Pasaman Barat, the results of the research are
expected to be useful input to improve the quality of the implementation of
online learning programs at this time.
3. For the author, the whole series of activities and research results are expected to
further strengthen the mastery of the scientific functions learned during the
lecture program at the Department Of English Education Faculty Of Tarbiyah And
Teacher’s Training Imam Bonjol State Islamic University

E Thesis Organization Structure

Systematics writing this thesis is divided into 5 chapters, each of which has been
designed with a specific purpose.  The systematics of this thesis writing can be described
and briefly explained as follows:

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Contains a general description of this thesis, which

includes the background, problem formulation, research objectives and benefits, thesis
organizational structure. 
 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW This chapter consists of the defenition of EFL, the
defenition of implementation, the defenition of onlinen learning, the type of online
learning, the characteristics of online learning, the objectives of online learning and the
benefits of online learning.

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD This chapter consists of the type of research, the
location of the study, the data source, the procedure and data collection, data analysis
and also checkingthe validity of the data.

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION This chapter contains data

exposure presented on topics according to questions about the implementation of
online learning at Islamic Senior Hogh School and the analysis section describes the
researchers ideas, the linkages between patterns, categories and dimensions, previous
theories and finding, as well as the interpretation and explanation of the theories
revealed in the field.

CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS This chapter contains conclusions and

suggestions that present the results of the researchers' interpretation of the results of
data analysis of research findings.
 BAB II
LITERATURE REVIEW

A Theory Basic
1. Teaching English as a Foreign Language
English is the first foreign language in Indonesia and it has been taught starting
from the Junior High School up to the Senior School. English must be taught in order
that the learners are able to compete in this global era. There are four skills in
English that the students must mastered, they are listening, speaking, reading, and
writing (Harmer, 200:265). And the purpose of teaching learning process is to
develop the skills above. But the fact, most students who learn English do not use
English for daily communication but they only use English when they have English
class because English is not their mother tongue.

One factor that influences the successes in teaching and learning English are
teachers. Teachers should be able to make the students understand about the
lesson. They have to find the way how to make the students enjoy the lesson. The
students can easily lose their spirit and willingness to study if the teachers are
uninteresting.

This verse told about how to warn a community with good communication.
According to tafsir Al Maraghi Qoula baliighon mean words that the impact you will
put into their soul (Maraghi, 1986). Meanwhile, according to Al Qurthubi, sentencen
Qoula baliighon means talk what is in heart (Hifnawi, 2008). Based on the experts it
can be concluded that Qoula baliighon can be interpreted as fluent and precise
talking, clear interpretation, and able to inform the message well. Besides that, by
domain it touched, it can be called as effective speaking.

As Harmer states, one of main task for teacher is to provoke interest and
involvement in the subject even when the student are not initially interested in it. It
is by their choice of topic, activity and linguistics content that they may be able to
turn a class around. It is by class attitude by their participation, they
conscientiousness, their humor and their seriousness that they may influence the
students. It is by their own behavior and enthusiasm that they may inspire (Harmer,
2007:28).
As stated by Brown that teaching is showing or helping someone to learn
how to do something, giving, instruction, guiding, in the study of something
providing with knowledge causing to know or understand (Brown, 2000:7).

According to the statements above, the researcher assumes that teaching is

the process of transferring the teacher’s knowledge to the students in order to
make the students understand the lesson. It is clearly stated that the teacher
should be creative in teaching, so the students will not lose their spirit in
learning.

2. Learning Implementation
a. Definition of Implementation
The term implementation is usually used in the development or introduction
of new programs, especially in conducting program assessments that will be
disseminated to users or implementers. As stated by Fullan (1982)
implementation is a process of putting into practice a new idea, program or set
of activities for someone to achieve or expect change.

Implementation according to Nurdin Usman (2002) in Dessta (2015: 28) is an

activity that leads to an activity, action, or action of a system mechanism.
Implementation is not just an activity but an activity that is planned and to
achieve the objectives of the activity.

Meanwhile, according to Malik Oemar, it is a process of implementing ideas,

concepts, policies, or innovations in the form of practical actions so that they
have an impact in the form of changes in knowledge, skills, and values and
attitudes (Fauziah 2014: 19).
 Based on the above statement it can be concluded that implementation is an
action to carry out something that has been planned and mutually agreed upon
in order to achieve predetermined goals or targets so as to have a positive
impact on everyone.

b. Defeniniton of learnig
The term learning is a term used to show teacher and student activities. The
term learning is a translation of the word instruction.

Morris L. Bigge (1982) in Johari explains that learning refers to several

systematic changes in behavior or the arrangement of behavior that applies as a
result of experiences in certain situations. According to Gagne, Briggs, and Wager
(1992) in Prof. Udin (2020: 19), learning is a series of activities designed to allow
the learning process to occur in students.

From the description above, it can be understood that the meaning of

learning is the process of interaction between students and educators and
learning resources in a learning environment which includes teachers and
students who exchange information. Learning is an assistance provided by
educators so that the process of acquiring knowledge and knowledge can occur,
as well as the formation of attitudes and beliefs in students. In other words,
learning is a process to help students learn well.

3. Online Learning
a. Definition of Online Learning
Online learning is a program for organizing learning classes for reach a
massive and broad group through the internet network. Learning can be done
massively with an unlimited number of participants, it can be done free or paid
(Bilfaqih & Qomarudin, 2015: 1).
 Meanwhile, according to Thome, online learning is learning that utilizes
multimedia technology, video, animated online text, voice messages, email,
conference calls, and online video streaming (Kuntarto, 2017: 101). So that,
online learning can be interpreted as learning which in its implementation uses
an internet network, intranet and extranet or a computer that is directly
connected and has a global (wide) scope.

Online learning is basically distance learning. Online learning was born from
the fourth generation after the internet. So online learning is learning that is
done via the internet network. Therefore, in Indonesian online learning is
translated as online learning. The term online learning is often synonymous with
other terms such as e-learning, internet learning, web-based learning, tele-
learning, distributed learning and so on.

Learning learning is not just sharing learning material on the internet

network. In online learning, in addition to online learning material, there is also
an online teaching and learning process. So the main difference between online
learning and just online learning material is the interaction that occurs during
learning. Interactions in learning consist of interactions between learners and
teachers and / or facilitators (teachers), with other fellow learners, and with the
learning material itself (Tian Belawati, 2019: 6).

b. Legal Basis of Online Learning

To ensure the implementation of learning, education and programs online
training, its development must take into account the applicable laws and
regulations. Some of which are related are as follows:
1. Decree of the Director General of Islamic Education No. B-937 / DJ / Dt.II /
PP.00 / 05/2020 dated 19 May 2020 concerning the submission of the
Decree of the Director General of Education regarding the emergency
curriculum at madrasah
2. Decree of the Director General of Islamic Education No. B-686.1 / DJ.I /
Dt.II / PP.00 / 03/2020 dated 24 March 2020 concerning the learning and
 assessment mechanisms of madrasas in the emergency period to prevent
the spread of covid-19
3. SE Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia No. 4 of
2020 dated 24 March 2020 concerning the implementation of educational
policies in the emergency period of the spread of the corona virus disease
(covid-19)
4. SE Regional Office of the Ministry of Religion Prop. West Sumatra No.
190 / Kw.03 / 2- a / PP.00 / 06/2020 dated 10 June 2020 regarding the
preparation for learning in the new normal era in the madrasah in
Southeast Province. West Sumatra
5. Joint Ministerial Decree No. 01 / KB / 2020,516 in 2020, HK.03.01 /
Menkes / 363/2020 and 440-882 in 2020 dated 15 June 2020 regarding
guidelines for implementing learning in the 2020/2021 school year and
the 2020/2021 academic year during the covid- pandemic 19,
6. SE Regional Office of the Ministry of Religion Prop. West Sumatra No.
1127 / Kw.03 / 2- a / PP.00 / 06/2020 dated 30 June 2020 regarding the
implementation of a joint decree of 4 ministers

The legality of e-learning implementation above is used to strengthen the

policy that the government is very serious about paying attention to,
implementing and developing e-learning (Soekartawi, 2007: 59-74).

c. Characteristics of Online Learning

Learning using e-learning is one of the lessons currently being developed in
Indonesian education. E-learning in its development and implementation has its
own characteristics or characteristics. These characteristics can be the use of
electronic technology services, where teachers and students, students and fellow
students or teachers and fellow teachers can communicate relatively easily.

Cisco (2010) in Dessta (2015: 14), describes e-learning in various

characteristics, including:
 1) E-Learning is the delivery of information, communication, education and
online training.
2) E-Learning provides a set of tools that can enrich learning outcomes
obtained only conventionally, so that it can answer the challenges of
globalization.
3) E-Learning does not mean replacing conventional learning models in the
classroom, but strengthening conventional learning models through
content enrichment and educational technology development.
4) E-Learning will cause the capacity of students to vary depending on the
form of content and delivery tools.

According to Bilfaqih and Qomarudin (2015: 5) online learning has the

following main characteristics:
1) Online, online learning is learning that is organized through web
networks.
2) Massive, online learning is learning with an unlimited number of
participants organized through web networks.
3) Open, the online learning system is open in the sense that it has open
access for education circles, industry, business circles and the general
public. The right to learn knows no background and age limits.

Meanwhile, according to Isman (2016: 3) online learning has the following

characteristics:
1) Demand learners to build and create knowledge independently
(constructivism)
2) Learners will collaborate with other learners in building their knowledge
and solving problems together (social contructivism)
3) Forming an inclusive learning community (community of learers)
4) Utilizing a web page (website) that can be accessed via the internet,
computer-based learning, virtual classes and digital classes
5) Interactivity, independence, accessibility and enrichment.
 Based on some of the characteristics above, it is known that the development
of online learning is not merely presenting online subject matter, but must be
communicative and interesting. The subject matter is designed as if students
learn in front of the teacher through a computer screen connected via an
internet network.

In summary, online learning needs to be created as if students are learning

conventionally, it's just that it is transferred to a digital system via the internet.
Therefore online learning needs to adapt the elements that are usually done in
conventional learning systems. For example, starting from the formulation of
operational and measurable objectives, there is an apperception or pre-test,
arousing motivation, using communicative language, clear material descriptions.
Concrete examples , problem solving, question and answer, discussion, post test,
to assignments and follow- up activities.

d. Online Learning Model

According to Charismiadji (2020: 10) in a process, this modern learning model
has been regulated in Permendikud No.22 of 2016 concerning Process Standards
with the following principles:
1) From the students are notified towards the students to find out.
2) From the teacher as the only source of learning to learning based on
various learning resources.
3) From a textual approach to a process as a strengthening of the use of a
scientific approach.
4) From partial learning to integrated learning.
5) From learning that emphasizes a single answer to learning with answers
that are multi-dimensional in truth.
6) From learning that emphasizes single answers to learning with answers
that are multi-dimensional in truth.
7) From verbalism learning to applicative skills.
8) Improvement and balance between physical skills (hard skills) and mental
skills (soft skills).
 9) Learning that prioritizes the culture and empowerment of students as
lifelong learners.
10) Learning that applies values by modeling (ing ngarso sing tulodo),
building will (ing madyo mangun karso), and developing students'
creativity in the learning process (tut wuri handayani).
11) Learning that takes place at home, at school and in the community.
12) Learning that applies the principle that anyone is a teacher, anyone is a
student, and anywhere is the class.
13) Utilization of information and communication technology to increase the
efficiency and effectiveness of learning.
14) Recognition of the individual differences and cultural backgrounds of the
peseta students.

Meanwhile, according to Ayuningtyas (2019: 3) there are two types of online

communication, including:
1) Synchronous or synchronous communication, Is communication using a
computer, smartphone or device Another aid that is used as an
intermediary medium, in this communication the two people who want
to communicate have the same time.
2) Asynchronous or asynchronous communication Is a communication that
uses a computer, smartphone or other assistive device that is used as an
intermediary medium, in this communication the time to communicate
does not coincide.

e. Kinds of Online Learning Applications

Minister of Education and Culture (Mendikbud) Nadiem Makarim explained
that the temporary suspension of teaching and learning activities at school
does not necessarily stop the student learning process. Students can still
learn online, teachers can still provide assistance in the student learning process,
and parents can monitor their children's learning development (Videlia, 2020:
18).
 To carry out online learning, an online learning system application is needed
(Bilfaqih & Qomarudin, 2015: 65). The following are various online learning
applications in collaboration with the Ministry of Education and Culture:
1) Learning House
2) Google G Suite For Education
3) Smart Class
4) Microsoft Office 365
5) Quipper school
6) Teacher's Room
7) Your school
8) Zenius

Teachers must continue to provide tutoring for their students, even though it
must be done remotely. One thing that teachers can do is to prepare learning
materials and assignments that can be studied online by their students (Gunawan,
2020: 5).

There are several applications that can be used for online learning, including:
1) WhatsApp
2) Facebook
3) Edmodo
4) Telegram
5) Google classroom
6) Google Forms

Online learning applications are currently an effective solution to facilitate online

teaching and learning activities for teachers and students. The presence of online
learning platforms that are easier to find will certainly help Indonesian students stay
safe studying at home, without being limited by place and time. With the presence
of a trusted online learning application in Indonesia, teaching and learning activities
will remain effective and efficient.
 Summarized by Indozone, the following are recommendations for online learning
applications in Indonesia:
1) Learning House
The Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud) of the Republic of
Indonesia has launched a free online learning application called Rumah Belajar.
Learning through this application is supported by video, audio, images, and
interactive animation.
2) TARA Online
while online provides a comprehensive range of learning from design,
implementation of learning, through to a complete assessment.
3) Ruangguru
The Ruangguru application provides a variety of useful features for online
learning, including: animation learning videos, practice questions and discussion,
summary of the tutoring module, and social learning.
4) Quipper
The material taught here has been adapted to the official curriculum from
government.
5) Zenius
This application provides various features such as question bank, computer-
based exams, analysis & recapitulation, video & practice questions, and study
reports.

6) Smart Class
There are three interactive learning methods in this application, namely
learn, practice, and tests. Each student will be given an understanding of the
material through video, audio, animation, online textbooks (e-books), and
multimedia.
7) Google Suite for Education
Through Google Suite for Education, users can continue to learn though when
internet access is slow.
8) Kipin School
 In this application, there are thousands of online textbooks (e-books) of
various levels, from SD to SMA / SMK. All of these books are published directly
by the Ministry of Education and Culture in accordance with the latest
curriculum in Indonesia. Practice questions for each subject matter, instructional
videos, and other literacy readings can also be found in this application.
9) Our Table
Students who use the Kita Table application can connect with students in
student communities throughout Indonesia. So that students can discuss with
each other.
10) SekolahMU
The SekolahMu application has a Unlimited Learning program which
provides live streaming of subjects for students. Online learning through the
SekolahMu application is also intended for all parents to accompany teaching and
learning activities at home.
11) Cisco Webex
For online learning needs Cisco Webex is possible educators to share
presentation content via digital whiteboards on computer / smartphone screens.

4. Literature Review
1. Rani (2020) research conducted at MI Tarbiyatul Islamiyah Noborejo Academic
Year 2019/2020, regarding the implementation of online learning models on
learning outcomes in mathematics in class VI, it can be concluded that online
learning is a teaching and learning process carried out in and with the help of
networks Internet. Online learning is carried out by the teacher using WhatsApp
and google forms as the medium. WhatsApp and google forms and google need
internet help to connect. WhatsApp and Google Forms are examples of
asynchronous online learning that can be done even when students or teachers
are offline (inactive). With asynchronous learning the teacher can provide course
material, post deadlines for processing, provide links and others.

2. Galuh (2020) Implementation of online learning at MI Istiqomah Ma'arif NU

Mojokerto, Sragen Regency, all teachers use online learning model
 synchronously (simultaneously), namely the WhatsApp application as a learning
medium. This application is in line with the characteristics of online learning,
namely interactivity, independence, accessibility, and enrichment, and the
application is considered effective for the continuity of learning, because the
majority of students' parents have this application.

3. Nety (2020) The Effectiveness of Online Learning During the Covid-19 Pandemic
The results of data analysis show that the percentage scale is in sufficient
category because the results are vulnerable to 56 - 76%. It can be said that the
readiness aspect for the implementation of online learning at SMK Negeri 1
Cirebon is quite effective.

Based on the research above, it can be concluded that there are differences in
this study, the differences in the character, model and implementation. The focus of
this research is focused on the implementation of online learning at Islamic Senior
High School 3 Pasaman.
 CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODS

A Type of Research
Based on the title taken by the researcher, in this study the researcher using a
qualitative research approach with the type of case study research. Descriptive
qualitative method is a research procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of
written or spoken words from people and actors who can be observed (Lexy Moleong,
2006: 4). Descriptive research is concerned with studying phenomena in more detail or
differentiating them from other phenomena (Rasimin, 2018: 12).

A case study is a type of research where the researcher conducts an in-depth

exploration of programs, events, processes, activities, for one or more people. The
purpose of this case study research is to determine the implementation of online
learning in MAN 3 Pasaman Barat, especially English as a foreign language.

B Research Location and Time

1. Research Location
The place of this research was carried out in MAN 3 Pasaman Barat, Kinali.

2. Research Time
This research activity was carried out in the 2019/2020 Academic Year.

C Data Sources
Data are descriptions of something, it can be something that is known or perceived
or presumed. Or a fact that is described through numbers, symbols, codes (Iqbal Hasan,
2002: 82).

Data sources are broadly divided into two, namely:

1. Primary Data
 Primary data is data obtained from the first source through procedures and data
collection techniques that can be in the form of interviews, observations and so on.
Meanwhile, according to Sekaran and Roger (2017: 130), primary data is leads to
information obtained directly from informants related to the theme and focus of
research to obtain specific objectives from a study. Primary data is in the form of
interviews. These data are in the form of information from the principal and English
teacher of class XI IPA and IPS at MAN 3 Pasaman Barat to provide relevant
information.

2. Secondary Data
Secondary data is data obtained from indirect sources usually in the form of
documentation data and official archives (Saifuddin, 2005: 36). Written sources
are the second source and are additional material that can be divided into
book sources, scientific magazines, archives, personal and official documents
(Moeloeng, 2009: 159).

The written sources of this research include: official documents in the form of
RPP (Learning Implementation Plan) documents, subject matter, student data and
final grade students of class XI MAN 3 Pasaman Barat.

D Data Collection Procedures

The data collection required in the study was obtained from :
1. Interviews
Interview is a method that is carried out by establishing a way of communication
with data sources through dialogue (Question and Answer) verbally, either directly
or indirectly. Lexy J. Moleong defines an interview as a conversation with a specific
purpose. This conversation is carried out by two parties, namely the interviewer
( interviewer ) who asks the question and the interviewee ( interviewee ) who
provides answers to these questions (Lexy J. Moleong, 2002: 135).

Interviews are broadly divided into two, namely structured interviews and
unstructured interviews (Deddy Mulyana, 2006: 180). In this case the researcher
 uses a structured interview method, namely interviews in which the form of
registered questions has been prepared previously. Interviews in this study were
used to obtain data about the implementation of online learning in MAN 3 West
Pasaman.

2. Observation
Observation is the observation of an object that is both researched directly or
indirectly by involving all senses (sight, hearing, smell, smell, taste) to obtain data
that must be collected in research (Danu Eko Agustinova, 2015: 36-37). The data
that has been collected is processed and analyzed in a descriptive-qualitative
manner, namely presenting the data in detail and making theoretical
interpretations so that, an adequate description and conclusion can be obtained.

In making an observation, the researcher observes the implementation process

in online learning. After that the researchers summarize the results of these
observations thoroughly when they are at home or campus. Processing raw data, so
that it can be digested and translated as an observation report.

3. Documentation
Documentation is any written material, be it a memo, announcements,
instructions, rules of an institution, and photos (Syamsuddin et al, 2007: 30). The
data documented in this study are photos.

E Data Analysis
The process of qualitative data analysis begins by examining all available data from
various sources, namely interviews, observations, official documentation, pictures,
photos, then an abstraction process is carried out, namely making a summary of the
core, processes, and statements that need to be maintained so that they remain in it
(Rasimin , 2018: 82). The purpose of data analysis is to reveal the meaning of research
data by collecting data according to certain classifications.
 The following is the data analysis process which consists of three stages, namely as
follows:
1. Data Reduction
Data reduction means summarizing, selecting the main things, focusing on
important thing, look for themes and patterns and remove unnecessary. The
purpose of data reduction is to simplify the data obtained during data mining in the
field, so as to ensure that the data processed is data that is included in the research.

2. Presentation of Data
Data presentation is a structured collection of information that gives the
possibility of drawing conclusions, this is done on the grounds that the data
obtained during qualitative research are usually narrative in form, so that it
requires simplification without reducing its content. Data presentation is done to
see the overall picture or certain parts of the overall picture.

3. Conclusion
The conclusion is the answer to the answer to the formulation of the research
problem arranged in propositions or statements that have been verified (Rasimin,
2018: 16). Conclusion or verification is the final stage in the data analysis process. In
this section the researcher expresses the conclusions from the data that has been
obtained. This activity is intended to find the meaning of the data collected by
looking for relationships, similarities, or differences (Sandu Siyoto & Ali Sodik, 2015:
120-122).

F Check Data Validity

Data validity is the most important factor of the most important results from the
results of research data collection. Data validity is a condition in which data can
demonstrate the correct value and become the basis for the application of the data.

In this study, researchers used triagulation to test the validity of the data.
Triagulation is a data validity checking technique that utilizes something other than the
data for checking purposes or as a comparison to the data. The function of triagulation is
to save qualitative research from various biases and deficiencies of data by relying on a
single data source, researcher, theory, and method. There are 4 triagulations, namely
the triagulation of data sources, researchers, theories and methods. In this case the
researcher used method triagulation. Method triagulation is checking data to the same
source with different techniques, for example data obtained by interview, then checked
by observation, and documentation. This triagulation is necessary because each data
collection method has its own drawbacks and advantages. In addition, one method or
another will cover each other's weaknesses so that the capture of social reality becomes
more trustworthy and complete (Danu Eko Agustinova, 2015: 43-50).