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Tutorial 3

1. This document provides 10 tutorials on probability distributions, including: - Finding probabilities, means, variances, and modes of discrete random variables - Properties of independent random variables - Probability distributions of random variables derived from dice rolls - Solving for unknown probabilities in distributions 2. The tutorials cover a range of concepts like defining probability mass functions, calculating expected values and variances, determining probabilities of events, and illustrating different types of distributions. 3. Worked examples are provided to find probabilities, expected values, variances, and describe distributions for random variables presented in tables and scenarios.

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Shanju Shanthan
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
37 views

Tutorial 3

1. This document provides 10 tutorials on probability distributions, including: - Finding probabilities, means, variances, and modes of discrete random variables - Properties of independent random variables - Probability distributions of random variables derived from dice rolls - Solving for unknown probabilities in distributions 2. The tutorials cover a range of concepts like defining probability mass functions, calculating expected values and variances, determining probabilities of events, and illustrating different types of distributions. 3. Worked examples are provided to find probabilities, expected values, variances, and describe distributions for random variables presented in tables and scenarios.

Uploaded by

Shanju Shanthan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TUTORIAL 3- PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS

1. Consider the following probability distribution.

X 1 2 3 4 5
P(X=x) 0.2 0.25 0.4 a 0.05

a) Find the value of a


b) Find P(X>2)
c) Find P( 1≤ X ≤ 3)
d) Write down the mode.
e) Find E(X)
f) Find Var(X)

2. Consider the following probability distribution.

X -2 -1 0 1 2
P(X=x) 0.3 0.1 0.15 0.4 0.05

a) Find P(X <0)


b) Find P( X is even | X > 0)
c) Find E(X)
d) Find E(3X+5)
e) Find Var(X)
f) Find Var( 3X+5)

3. X is a random variable with P(X=2)=0.2 , P(X=5)=0.4 and the only other


possible value for X is 3. Find ,

a) P( X=3)
b) P( X² ≥ 9)
c) P( X ≥ 3 | X is an odd number )
d) E( 2X-4 )
e) Var( X)
f) Var (4X-2)
4. X is a random variable with P( X=-3)=0.1 , P( X= -1)=0.4 , P(X=0)=0.2 ,
P(X=1)=0.2 and P( X=3)=0. Find ,
a) P( X is even )
b) P( |X| = 3)
c) P( X² > 2 )
d) E( X)
e) E( X(X-1))
f) Var( X)

5. Independent random variables X and Y are such that E(X)=4 , E(Y)=5 ,


Var(X)=1 , Var(Y) = 2 . Find
a) E( 4X+ 2Y )
b) E( 5X-Y )
c) V( 3X +2Y)
d) V(5Y- 3X)
e) V(3X-5Y)

6. Independent variables X and Y have probability distributions as shown below


.

x 0 1 2 3
P(X=x) 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.1

y 0 1 2
P(Y=y) 0.4 0.2 0.4

a) Find E(X) , E(Y) , V(X) , V(Y)


b) Find E(2Y+3X) , E( 2X-4Y)
c) Find V(Y-X) , V(3X) , V(2Y+X)
7. The probability distribution of a random variable is given by

P(X=r) = kr for r= 1, 2, 3, 4

i. Find the value of the constant k


ii. Illustrate the distribution and describe the shape of the distribution
iii. Two successive values of X are generated independently of each other
Find the probability that
a. Both the values of X are the same
b. The total of the two values of X is greater than 6

8. The random variable Y is given by the absolute difference between the


scores when two ordinary dice are thrown
i. Find the probability distribution of Y
ii. Illustrate the distribution and describe the shape of the distribution
iii. Find the values of
(a) P(Y>3)
(b) P( Y is odd)

9. The probability distribution of the discrete random variable X is shown in


the table below.

x -3 -1 0 4
P(X=x) a b 0.15 0.4

Given that E(X)= 0.75 , find the values of a and b .

10. The random variable X takes values -2, 0 and 4 only. It is given that
P(X=-2)=2p , P( X=0)= p , P(X=4)= 3p.
i. Find p
ii. Find E(X) and Var( X)

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