M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem

Feature Description Contents

Contents

1 BSS Solution ...............................................................................................................................1-1

1.1 GSM/GPRS System ......................................................................................................................................1-2
1.1.1 GSM System ........................................................................................................................................1-2
1.1.2 GPRS System.......................................................................................................................................1-3
1.2 BSS System Features ....................................................................................................................................1-3
1.3 BSC ...............................................................................................................................................................1-6
1.3.1 Overview..............................................................................................................................................1-6
1.3.2 Features................................................................................................................................................1-7
1.4 PCU...............................................................................................................................................................1-9
1.4.1 Overview..............................................................................................................................................1-9
1.4.2 Features..............................................................................................................................................1-10
1.5 BTS Series...................................................................................................................................................1-10
1.5.1 BTS30 ................................................................................................................................................ 1-11
1.5.2 BTS312 ..............................................................................................................................................1-13
1.5.3 BTS30A .............................................................................................................................................1-16
1.5.4 BTS3001C .........................................................................................................................................1-18
1.5.5 BTS3002C .........................................................................................................................................1-18
1.5.6 BTS3012 ............................................................................................................................................1-22
1.5.7 BTS3012AE.......................................................................................................................................1-24
1.6 Operation & Maintenance ...........................................................................................................................1-28
1.6.1 Operation & Maintenance of BTS .....................................................................................................1-28
1.6.2 Operation & Maintenance of BSC .....................................................................................................1-30
1.6.3 Traffic Statistics Console ...................................................................................................................1-32
1.6.4 Dynamic Data Configuration Management .......................................................................................1-32
1.6.5 LMT ...................................................................................................................................................1-33
1.6.6 OMC ..................................................................................................................................................1-33
1.6.7 Telnet Terminal ..................................................................................................................................1-34

Issue 03 (2007-12-21) Huawei Technologies Proprietary i

 M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
Figures Feature Description

Figures

Figure 1-1 Huawei GSM/GPRS network ...........................................................................................................1-2

Figure 1-2 Huawei BSS solution........................................................................................................................1-4
Figure 1-3 BSC structure....................................................................................................................................1-7

Figure 1-4 PCU hardware architecture.............................................................................................................1-10

ii Huawei Technologies Proprietary Issue 03 (2007-12-21)

M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
Feature Description Tables

Tables

Table 1-1 External interfaces of the BSC ...........................................................................................................1-7

Table 1-2 Technical indices of the BTS30 ........................................................................................................1-12
Table 1-3 Technical indices of the BTS312 ......................................................................................................1-15

Table 1-4 Technical indices of the BTS30A .....................................................................................................1-17

Table 1-5 Technical indices of the BTS3002C .................................................................................................1-20
Table 1-6 Technical indices of the BTS3012 ....................................................................................................1-24

Table 1-7 Technical indices of the BTS3012AE...............................................................................................1-28

Issue 03 (2007-12-21) Huawei Technologies Proprietary iii

M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
Feature Description 1 BSS Solution

1 BSS Solution

About This Chapter

The following table lists the contents of this chapter.

Section Describes

1.1 GSM/GPRS System Describes the GMS/GPRS system architecture.

1.2 BSS System Features Describes the features of the BSS system.
1.3 BSC Describes the hardware structure and main features of the
BSC.
1.4 PCU Describes the hardware structure and main features of the
PCU.
1.5 BTS Series Describes the performance, main functions, and technical
specifications of various models of BTS.
1.6 Operation & Maintenance Describes the BSS remote operation and maintenance.

Issue 03 (2007-12-21) Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-1

 M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
1 BSS Solution Feature Description

1.1 GSM/GPRS System

Huawei's GSM/GPRS mobile communication series cover all products in the network (except
for MS). The comprehensive mobile communication solution includes the network
construction at service layer, transport layer and supporting layer, etc.
Huawei provides the best sustainable network solution and integrated system solution
adaptable to different wireless environment according to the size, capacity, coverage and
investment scope of the mobile network, satisfying the carriers' different requirements on
products and services. GSM/GPRS network is illustrated in Figure 1-1.

Figure 1-1 Huawei GSM/GPRS network

MSC

Um BTS BSC
GSM NSS
PCU
MS

LMT SGSN
GSM/GPRS LMT GPRS
BSS NSS

LAN/WAN

OMC WS OMC Server OMC WS Telnet

GSM/GPRS OMC

BTS: Base Transceiver Station OMC: Operation and Maintenance Center

BSC: Base Station Controller SGSN: Serving GPRS Support Node
MSC: Mobile Switching Center GGSN: Gateway GPRS Support Node
PCU: Packet Control Unit LMT: Local Maintenance Terminal
MS:Mobile Station

1.1.1 GSM System

M900/M1800 GSM serial products include the Mobile Switching System (MSC/VLR and
HLR/AUC/EIR), mobile Base Station System (BSC and BTS), operation and maintenance
center (OMC), GMSC, TMSC and SMC. VLR is integrated in MSC as a built-in device. HLR
is the equipment with functions of AUC and EIR integrated. OMC implements centralized
management and unified maintenance for the entire network through LAN or WAN. Besides
Huawei also provides Short Message Center (SMC). The SMC introduced here is integrated
with Voice Mailbox (VM).

1-2 Huawei Technologies Proprietary Issue 03 (2007-12-21)

M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
Feature Description 1 BSS Solution

M900/M1800 GSM system is in complete conformity with ETSI GSM standard, supporting
the service and function defined in Phase 1, Phase 2 and Phase 2+. It includes indoor/outdoor
macro BTS and integrated mini BTS. It also supports different antenna feeder systems such as
dual band and dual polarization antenna and spaced antenna.All equipment support the two
bands of GSM900/1800
M900/M1800 GSM provides services including:
z Voice, G3 fax, data service and various supplementary services to satisfy the basic needs
of mobile subscribers.
z CAMEL Phase 2 mobile intelligent service which combines the technologies of GSM
and intelligent network, upgrading the mobile communication network with advanced
technologies.
z General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) which provides high-speed packet data service for
the user. It is an important step for the smooth upgrading from GSM to 3G, which
protects the investment to the best extent.
z Other new services, such as Completion of Calls to Busy Subscribers (CCBS), Explicit
Call Transfer (ECT), Support Optimized Route (SOR), Call Deflection (CD) and
Unstructured Supplementary Service Data, make up the new profit maker for the
carriers.

1.1.2 GPRS System

Huawei GPRS is realized by adding GPRS Supporting Node and Packet Control Unit as well
as the corresponding software to the GSM network.The major NEs include Service GPRS
Supporting Node (SGSN), Gateway GPRS Supporting Node (GGSN), GSN Operation and
Maintenance Center (OMC-G), border gateway, charging gateway, PCU, BSC, BTS, DNS
and fire wall, etc.
The theoretical maximum access speed of GPRS is 171.2 kbit/s, which is desirable for the
high-speed mobile data service access. Its open system structure supports smooth capacity
expansion. The standardized interface guarantees the equipment capacity, and supports QoS
feature and the dynamic allocation of radio resources. In addition, the flexible networking and
configuration function can save a great amount of initial investment of GPRS system for the
carriers.
M900/M1800 GPRS is able to provide various packet services such as mobile internet access,
e-business (e.g. e-bank, e-currency, etc.), group management, remote control/test, service
reservation system (e.g. hotel, theater, flight, etc.) and services base on group-call (e.g. stock
information broadcasting), etc.
The high-speed mobile packet data service of GPRS effectively prolongs the life cycle of
GSM improves the utilization of radio resources and paves the way for the emergence of 3G
mobile communication. Huawei GPRS supports the smooth upgrading to 3G system, which is
important in protecting the investment of the carriers.

1.2 BSS System Features

BSS is designed mainly to connect the Mobile Station (MS) to the Mobile Switching Center
(MSC) of the GSM network or the Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN). BSS also shares
part of mobility management such as handover management.
BSS is the subsystem in GSM/GPRS related to the concepts of radio cells. BSS
communicates with MS through Um interface and handles radio link management and

Issue 03 (2007-12-21) Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-3

 M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
1 BSS Solution Feature Description

connection through it. On the other side BSS communicates with MSC and SGSN through A
and Gb interfaces respectively.
Figure 1-2 illustrates Huawei BSS solution. BSS includes BSC, PCU, serial BTSs and O&M
system.

Figure 1-2 Huawei BSS solution

BTS BTS BSC

MS
SDH MSC

BTS

BTS
MS

BTS
BTS
SGSN

PCU
MS BTS
BTS
BSS

Intigrated mini BTS Indoor BTS Outdoor BTS

Supporting M900 BTS and M1800 BTS as well as M900/M1800 integrated BTS
and dual-band MS access.
Currently, Huawei GSM supports not only PDH, SDH, HDSL, microwave transmission, but
also satellite transmission, providing a comprehensive and completely compatible solution.
Huawei M900/M1800 BSS provides complete GSM/GPRS solution with following salient
features.

Serial BTSs Which Support Seamless Coverage

z A complete range of BSS products offers flexible networking and easy installation with
seamless coverage supported. As regards capacity, the selection ranges from the
integrated small BTS supporting one TRX, to macro cell supporting 12 TRXs. As
regards usage environment, there is the indoor macro cell BTS, outdoor macro cell BTS,
integrated small BTS and the mobilized BTS applicable to movable site.
z Huawei BSS employs the layered cellular architecture to boost the coverage and service
quality of the system.
z Support 900 MHz, 1800 MHz and mixed 900 MHz/1800 MHz GSM frequency bands.

1-4 Huawei Technologies Proprietary Issue 03 (2007-12-21)

M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
Feature Description 1 BSS Solution

Flexible Networking
z Support multiple transmission modes between BTS and BSC: E1, SDH, PDH, HDSL,
microwave and satellite, etc.
z Support multiple transmission networking modes between BTS and BSC: star
networking, chain networking, tree networking and hybrid networking.
z Support the tree networking between PCU and BSC.
z The SMUX interface provides 4:1 link multiplexing (one 64kbit/s TS transmits 4
information channels) and the Abis interface provides a variety of multiplexing modes
like 10:1, 12:1 and 15:1 (TRX: E1) and increases the transmission link utilization.

Multiple Services
z A variety of services: point-to-point short message service, cell broadcast short message
service, data services and fax services of various kinds in addition to common voice
services. Except for the voice services, these services can be both based on circuit
switching and on packet switching (GPRS).
z Easy upgrading from GSM to GPRS network. To deliver GPRS services based on the
M900/M1800 BSS, simply update the software of the original BTS and BSC and then
add PCU.

Powerful and Easy Maintenance Function

z Operate and maintain BSS through centralized OMC system and a consistent operation
& maintenance interface, which makes operation and maintenance easier and simpler.
z Adopt development-oriented architecture. All entities support downloading software,
which simplifies the upgrading.
z The OMC provides friendly user interface for easier operation.
z The system supports dynamic data configuration, online data modification and online
capacity expansion.

Stable and Reliable Performance

z Huawei BSS reduces the power consumption by supporting uplink power control, DRX
(paging discontinuous reception) technology and VAD/DTX (voice activity
detection/discontinuous transmission) technology.
z High reliability: key components (e.g. main processor, switching network and BS
interface equipment) operate in 1+1 hot backup and common parts runs with N+1
protection.
z Self-check and switchover features enhances the system performance.
z High availability of the system is ensured by using the excellent overload / congestion
control algorithm and fault recovery strategy.
z The leading-edge handover, power control and channel allocation algorithms make the
system performance outstanding.
z BCCH carrier frequency mutual-assistance, baseband frequency hopping & carrier
frequency mutual-assistance empower the system with a fault-prevention capability.
z Support 120 km extended cell.
z The optimized signaling link route-selecting method balances the signaling load of the
links in various modules.

Issue 03 (2007-12-21) Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-5

 M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
1 BSS Solution Feature Description

1.3 BSC
1.3.1 Overview
With the use of switching, photoelectric, micro-electronic, computer and radio technologies,
Huawei M900/M1800 BSC drives the mobile communication network to evolve towards
digitalization, integration, intelligence and personalization. Based on an open network
platform, it integrates an array of cutting-edge technologies in switching, transmission and
radio management, and supports all the services delivered by GSM900 and DCS1800.
M900/M1800 BSC mainly performs radio resources management, BTS management, power
control, handover control, traffic statistics, etc. It plays a pivotal role in radio access and
network optimization.
The M900/M1800 BSC, whose system structure is shown in Figure 1-3, is comprised of the
following five modules:

Administration Module / Communication Module

AM/CM is a centre for speech channel switching and information exchange in the BSC. It
implements the communication between various BMs.

Basic Module
This module is mainly responsible for call processing, signaling processing, radio resources
management, radio link management, and circuit maintenance, etc.

TransCoder & Sub-Multiplexer

TCSM implements the transcending / rate adaptation and sub-multiplexing functions.

Cell Broadcast Database (CDB)

CDB is a traffic-processing centre, supports the broadcast short message service.

Back Administration Module (BAM)

The BAM frame is a bridge between BSC and OMC. The latter performs the operation &
maintenance of the BSC through OMC.

1-6 Huawei Technologies Proprietary Issue 03 (2007-12-21)

M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
Feature Description 1 BSS Solution

Figure 1-3 BSC structure

PCU frame 1
E1 SGSN
1+1 RPPU
BSC
N+1 E1
POMU

High speed data

bus

OMC LAN Switch

PCU frame 2
SGSN
E1
1+1 RPPU
BSC
N+1 E1
POMU

High speed data

bus

To communicate with BTS, MSC and PCU in the GSM/GPRS system, M900/M1800 BSC
offers three external interfaces, as shown inTable 1-1.

Table 1-1 External interfaces of the BSC

Interface Description

A-interface A-interface is a standard open interface, Complying respectively with

ETSI GSM 08.08, ETSI GSM 04.08 & ETSI GSM 08.58.
Abis interface Abis interfaces are self developed interfaces,Complying respectively
with ETSI GSM 08.08, ETSI GSM 04.08 & ETSI GSM 08.58.
Pb interface Pb interfaces are self developed interfaces, Complying respectively with
ETSI GSM 08.08, ETSI GSM 04.08 & ETSI GSM 08.58;
Complying respectively with Huawei Pb interface protocol, and
compatible with the specifications of GSM Phase 1 and GSM Phase 2,
the three interfaces provide GSM Phase 2 + functions like GPRS.

1.3.2 Features
The performance and features of the M900/M1800 BSC are:
z Standard A-interface ensures the interconnection and interworking with the equipment of
other manufacturers.
z M900/M1800 BSC can be expanded smoothly from 1 BM to 8 BMs.

Issue 03 (2007-12-21) Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-7

 M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
1 BSS Solution Feature Description

z Each BM can provide 8 A-sub interfaces or Pb interfaces, 64 Abis interfaces, 8 SS7

signaling ports and 192 LAPD ports at the most.
z One BM can control 128 TRXs (transceiver) at the most; the switching matrix is 4K ×
4K.
z At most 1024 Cell or 1024 TRX can be managed.
z SMUX (sub-multiplexer) enables the multiplexing of terrestrial lines between MSC and
BSC, and saves the investments on terrestrial lines. Each SMUX enables the 4:1 line
multiplexing.
z Base station Interface Equipment (BIE) enables the 15:1 line multiplexing. Supporting
star, chain and tree networking topologies of BTS.
z Transmission on the Abis interface can be implemented through terrestrial, satellite,
microwave or optical fiber.
z Transmission on the Rb interface can be implemented through the terrestrial and satellite
modes to meet different requirements of customers.
z Supporting a maximum traffic of 6400Erl.
z Max. BHCA is 800 000.
z Strong system processing capability. In full configuration and normal traffic model,
GMPU load <25%. The processing capacity for future services is reserved. Powerful
processing capability and support of high traffic load.
z High reliability. GMPUs in hot backup mode.;The switching network and BIE use the
1+1 backup mode;SMUX uses the N+1 backup mode, where N is the total number of
SMUX cards in the system.
z Traffic adjustment.
Optimized channel allocation mode enables the adaptive adjustment of the network
according to the changes of cell traffic loads and radio environment.
z Signaling link load adjustment. The optimized signaling link route-selecting method
balances the signaling load of the links in various modules.
z Priority queuing function.
The queuing of multiple priority levels for paging and channel allocation satisfies the
requirements of different subscribers.
z Handover function supports synchronous, asynchronous and dual-band handovers.
z Multi-level traffic control mechanisms are provided on A- and Abis interfaces.
z Resource verification and TRX cooperation mechanism: auto-fault clearing and
auto-protection, which is intended for system normal operation.
z Centralized OMC: Centralized network management is responsible for real-time
management and control of the BSC & BTS, and provides detail interface tracing, radio
resources configuration, and traffic statistics.
z Supporting GSM900 BTS, DCS1800 BTS, GSM1900 BTS and GSM850 BTS as well as
M900/M1800 integrated BTS and dual-band MS access.
z Synchronization mode uses active/standby synchronization mode.
z Reasonable and flexible allocation of functions among modules based on a multi-level
distributed and group-CPU control.
z High integration, superb engineering and high reliability using state-of-the-art large scale
integrated circuits (ASIC/EPLD/FPGA).
z Low power consumption, only 3300W are required for maximum configuration.
z Light & compact architecture, i.e. less room space is occupied.

1-8 Huawei Technologies Proprietary Issue 03 (2007-12-21)

M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
Feature Description 1 BSS Solution

z The system supports dynamic data configuration, online data modification and system
expansion.
z BCCH radio carrier mutual assistance, baseband FH radio carrier mutual assistance
ensure reliable system running.
z Supporting GPRS packet services.

1.4 PCU
1.4.1 Overview
Packet Control Unit (PCU) is a device introduced by BSS to support the GPRS. M900/M1800
PCU is fully designed according to GPRS standard protocols. It is responsible for
z Packet radio resource management functions.
z Packet call control function.
z Transmission of data packet on Um interface and Gb interface.
z Providing Gb, G-Abis and Pb interfaces.
Based on a modular structure, M900/M1800 PCU is made up of several superimposed PCU
frames. The hardware structure of PCU is quite simple, as shown in Figure 1-4. It consists of
three modules:
z POMU (Packet O&M Unit) module, responsible for the operation & maintenance of the
whole PCU frame.
z RPPU (Radio Packet Processing Unit) module, which delivers all the traffic handling
functions of PCU and supports operation & maintenance.
z HSC (Hot Swappable Control) module, a pure hardware module used for the hot backup
function.

Issue 03 (2007-12-21) Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-9

 M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
1 BSS Solution Feature Description

Figure 1-4 PCU hardware architecture

1+1 1+1

BSC RPPU RPPU SGSN

BSC RPPU RPPU SGSN

RPPU
. .
. .
. .

BSC RPPU RPPU SGSN

POMU HSC

OMC
WS LAN Switch Server

PCU

1.4.2 Features
M900/M1800 PCU owns the following performance and features:
z Modularized structure and smooth expansion of the network.
z Large capacity and strong processing capability.
z Preprocessing of measurement.
z Uplink power control.
z Excellent G-Abis interface solution supports Um port synchronization. Support of CS-3
and CS-4 upgrading.
z CS (Coding Scheme) dynamic adjustment algorithm.
z Dynamic conversion of PDCH (Packet Data Channel).
z Flexible networking modes.
z Transmission on the Rb interface can be implemented through the terrestrial and satellite
modes.

1.5 BTS Series

The BTS is the radio equipment serving one cell, which will be distributed over the whole
radio service area.
Based on customer’s current and future requirements, Huawei has developed a series of BTS
products including indoor and outdoor products so that network deployment and coverage
become very easy.

1-10 Huawei Technologies Proprietary Issue 03 (2007-12-21)

M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
Feature Description 1 BSS Solution

Huawei BTS series include BTS30, BTS312, BTS30A and BTS3001C, etc. Among them,
BTS30 and BTS312 are the indoor BTS, while BTS30A is the outdoor BTS, and BTS3001C
is the integrated small BTS.

1.5.1 BTS30
BTS30 adopts modular structure, i.e. all circuits (including baseband processing part, RF part,
power amplifier and power supply) that take care of one carrier are integrated in one plug-in
TRX module. This greatly simplifies system configuration and facilitates installation,
maintenance and expansion, as well as introduction of new hardware.
BTS30 cabinet is a 19-inch standard cabinet based on IEC297 standards, with dimensions
1600 mm % 600 mm % 450 mm (H % W % D).

Features and Functions

BTS30 is capable of the following features and functions.
z Performance characteristics.
− GSM900 and DCS1800 TRXs in the same cabinet.
− 40 W maximum output power of 900 MHz and 1900 MHz amplifiers.
− Build-in transmission equipment (supporting E1, SDH, PON, etc.) which saves
carriers’ investment in transmission equipment.
− Various networking modes, including star, tree, chain and mixed topologies.
− One cabinet provides up to 8 E1 interfaces.
− 15 TRXs share one E1 for transmission on the Abis interface (15:1)
− Support large capacity flexible configurations: Omni cell: 1–18 TRXs, 2-sectors:
1/1–18/18 TRXs, 3-sectors: 1/1/1–18/18/18 TRXs.
− Low power consumption (max. power consumption of a cabinet is 1200W) and light
weight (a cabinet in full configuration weighs about 180kg).
− Build-in power supply system, 220VAC/-48VDC/24VDC power supplies available.
− Centralized power supply to cabinets, and distributed supply to various modules,
which enhances system reliability.
− Modular structure, which facilitates installation, maintenance and capacity expansion.
z Functions
− Supporting 900 MHz, 1800 MHz and PCS1900 multi-band systems
− Supporting Phase 1 / Phase 2 / Phase 2+ compatible LAPDm protocol.
− Supporting Phase 1 / Phase 2 / Phase 2+ compatible system messages and resources
indication.
− Providing basic service functions required by the system, including location update,
MTC and MOC.
− Supporting synchronous, asynchronous and pre-synchronous handovers.
− Supporting short message cell broadcast and point-to-point short message broadcast.
− Calculation of timing advance.
− Supporting diversity receiving and soft decision demodulation functions.
− Supporting paging queuing.
− Supporting data services specified in Phase 2.
− Supporting detection of random access collision.

Issue 03 (2007-12-21) Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-11

 M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
1 BSS Solution Feature Description

− Supporting baseband hopping and RF hopping.

− Supporting A5 encryption/decryption.
− Supporting GPRS: routing area/location area update, uplink/down link TBF.
− Supporting the CS-1/CS-2/CS-3/CS-4 radio channel coding schemes.
− Supporting dynamic configuration of basic data.
− Supporting dynamic resources management.
− Supporting preprocessing of measurement report.
− Supporting immediate assignment and paging combination to increase the radio
channels utilization.
− Supporting static and dynamic power control of the base station.
− Supporting omni and sector cells.
− Supporting cell layering, concentric cell and microcell applications.
− Internal bus technique facilitates future expansion.
− Providing both power supply and battery management functions.
− Supporting locked, holdover, fast pull-in, and free-run clock modes.
− BTS room environment monitoring function achieves unattended operation.
− Use of triplex tower-top amplifier improves the receiving sensitivity.
− Supporting bipolarization antennas, reducing antennas in a cell.
− RF indices conform to GSM 05.05 specifications.
− Supporting 120km extended cell.

Technical Indices

Table 1-2 Technical indices of the BTS30

Index Value

Dimension H % W % D = 1600 mm % 600 mm % 450 mm

Weight (fully configured) 180kg
Bearing requirement 250kg/m2
Power consumption / cabinet Max 1200W
load
Tx Power 40W(46dBm)
Receiving sensitivity -110dBm(GSM900),-109dBm(DCS1800)
Power supply 220V AC: 150–280 V AC / 45–65 Hz
-48V DC: -40–60 V DC
24 V DC: 19–29 V DC
Operational temperature (normal) -5°C ~+45°C (Environmental requirement)
Operational humidity 15%~85%

1-12 Huawei Technologies Proprietary Issue 03 (2007-12-21)

M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
Feature Description 1 BSS Solution

1.5.2 BTS312
Performance Characteristics
The BTS312 is an indoor macro BTS, featured by large capacity, high integration, and low
power consumption. Single rack can support up to 12 TRXs (radio carriers). It is designed as
a typical all-in-one BTS by taking full consideration of capacity, configuration, installation,
power supply, transmission, and services requirements. BTS312 features:
z Mature technology and reliable RF performance
− Large-scale application of Huawei radio base station equipment spawns on the
maturity and stability of the RF technology.
− Supporting both RF hopping and base band hopping with excellent performance in
application.
− Advanced digital RF technology improves the consistency, massive productivity, and
reliability of the product.
z Large capacity & low power consumption
BTS312 supports 24/24/24 configuration. A single rack supports up to 12 TRXs,
consuming 2400W in total, on average each TRX consumes only 200W.
− 50% floor space need comparing the regular 6-TRX BTS, thus greatly saving the
equipment room space.
− With a low power consumption design, the requirements for power supply and air
conditioners are reduced.
− The integrated transmission equipment supports multiple transmission modes, saving
the investment on transmission equipment.
z The 15 TRXs on Abis interface share one E1 interface for transmission (15:1)
For example The BTS whose configuration is S (5/5/5) occupies only one E1 at the Abis
interface. This saves tremendously the transmission leasing expenses. The use of
advanced flow control algorithm can accomplish the statistical multiplexing of the Abis
signaling, as a result, it effectively improves the signaling density.
This technique saves up to 50% transmission links compared to the normal 10:1 or 12:1
multiplexing.
z The E-Abis provides powerful anti-error code performance, synchronization
performance and anti-delay capability.
It supports satellite, SDH, E1/T1 and microwave transmission modes.
E-Abis technology includes the following aspects:
− The high precision and unique software phase lock technology can solve problems
such as SDH clock phase jitter and satellite transmission clock signals out-of-sync.
− It tolerates a transmission BER of up to 10-4, much higher than the conventional BER
requirements, so it is suitable for the unstable transmission modes like microwave,
xDSL and satellite.
− It allows transmission flash interruption, that is, it can tolerate transmission
interruption of less than 2 s, which makes it suitable for unstable transmission.
− Protection against long transmission delay on the Abis.
z Integrated optical transmission equipment
Huawei is the first one in the telecom industry to integrate the SDH, PON equipment to
provide "FTTB (Fiber To The Base station)", accomplishing the broadband wireless
access at one swoop.

Issue 03 (2007-12-21) Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-13

 M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
1 BSS Solution Feature Description

z Integrated RF components
This technique protects the existing investment and ensures 100% usage of the old
equipment during capacity expansion. The existing antenna system including the CDU,
SCU, antenna, feeder and tower-top amplifier (optional) need not be replaced during
expansion. In the expansion from S (1/1/1) to S (8/8/8) of broadband combining, each
sector needs only one bipolarization antenna.
− Modular structure
RF components are integrated in the CDU, which reduces the line connections and
improves system reliability. Installation and maintenance also becomes easy.
− Powerful maintenance functions
including the 2-level standing wave ratio alarm, low-noise amplifier divider alarm,
tower-top amplifier alarm, tower-top amplifier power supply alarm, etc.
− Intelligent CDU
in case of fault with the LNA (Low Noise Amplifier), this unit is powered off
remotely so as to make a LNA bypass and ensure the normal working of the system.
When the antenna incurs different losses, the gain of the divider unit can be adjusted
remotely so as to ensure the sensitivity of the receiving system.
z Reliable power supply system
BTS 312 supports three kinds of input voltages (+24 DC, -48 DC and 220V AC). Hot
standby, centralized management and distributed power supply improve the system’s
security and reliability.
z Supporting S (24/24/24) synchronous BTS configuration, completely meeting the
requirement of future development
A cell can hold 24 synchronous TRXs, and the maximum networking capability is S
(24/24/24) (synchronous site). Synchronous inter-cell handover can be achieved even in
the case of S (10/10/10) configuration or higher, thus shortening the handover time
consumption, shortening the call-drop rate and improving the operation index of the
entire network.
z Quick 1-minute startup and easy maintenance.
− In case of any fault or failure, system can reload itself automatically without any
delay.
− After power failure BTS can automatically resume working quickly when power
supply returns normal.
− All software has been pre-installed before shipment from the factory, so there is no
need to load it again from BSC. This facilitates BTS testing and cutover.
− Software loading does not interrupt services.
z Supporting GPRS

Functions
z Supporting 900 MHz, 1800 MHz and PCS1900 multi-band systems.
z Supporting Phase 1/Phase 2 compatible LAPDm protocol.
z Supporting Phase 1/Phase 2 compatible system messages and resources indication.
z Providing basic service functions required by the system, including location update,
MTC and MOC.
z Supporting synchronous, asynchronous, pseudo-synchronous and pre-synchronous
handovers.
z Supporting short message cell broadcast and point-to-point short message broadcast.

1-14 Huawei Technologies Proprietary Issue 03 (2007-12-21)

M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
Feature Description 1 BSS Solution

z Calculation of timing advance.

z Supporting diversity receiving and soft decision demodulation functions.
z Supporting paging queuing.
z Supporting data services specified in Phase 2.
z Supporting detection of random access collision.
z Supporting baseband hopping and RF hopping.
z Supporting EFR voice coding scheme, which ensures a better voice quality.
z Supporting DTX which minimizes interference.
z Supporting A5 encryption/decryption.
z Supporting basic services and functions of GPRS, routing area or location area update,
and uplink/downlink TBF.
z Supporting the CS-1/CS-2/CS-3/CS-4 radio channel coding schemes.
z Supporting dynamic configuration of basic data.
z Supporting dynamic resources management.
z Supporting preprocessing of measurement report.
z Supporting immediate assignment and paging combination to increase the radio channels
utilization.
z Supporting static and dynamic power control of the base station.
z Supporting omni and sector cells.
z Internal bus technique facilitates expansion.
z Providing both power supply and battery management functions.
z Supporting locked holdover, fast pull-in, and free-run clock modes.
z BTS room environment monitoring function achieves unattended operation.
z Use of triplex tower-top amplifier improves the receiving sensitivity.
z Supporting bipolarization antennas, reducing antennas in a cell.
z RF indices conform to GSM 05.05 specifications.

Technical Indices

Table 1-3 Technical indices of the BTS312

Index Value

Dimension H % W % D = 1880 mm % 650 mm % 500 mm

Weight Single cabinet full configuration 330 kg
Bearing requirement 400 kg/m2
Power consumption / cabinet Max load 2400 W
Tx Power 40W(46dBm)
Receiving sensitivity -110dBm(GSM900),-109dBm(DCS1800)
Power supply 220V AC: 150–280 V AC / 45–65 Hz
-48V DC: -40–60 V DC

Issue 03 (2007-12-21) Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-15

 M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
1 BSS Solution Feature Description

Index Value

24 V DC: 19–29 V DC
Operational temperature (normal) -5°C ~+45°C (Environmental requirement)
Operational humidity 15%~85%

1.5.3 BTS30A
System Overview
BTS30A is an outdoor BTS of Huawei GSM product series. As outdoor equipment, it is
characterized by excellent protection against wind, sands, rain, sunshine and burglary. It has
minimum requirements for environment. The outdoor/indoor BTS and integrated small BTS
make up the comprehensive solution for the construction of seamless wireless coverage.

Performance Characteristics
z Supporting GSM900 and DCS1800 modules in the same cabinet.
z The maximum output power of 900 MHz and 1900 MHz amplifiers is 40W.
z Build-in transmission equipment (supporting E1, SDH, PON, etc.) saves network
operators’ investment in transmission equipment.
z Supporting various networking modes, including star, tree, chain and mixed topologies.
z One cabinet provides up to 8 E1 interfaces. 15 TRXs share one E1 for transmission on
the Abis interface (15:1).
z Embedded power supply system, 220VAC applied.
z Centralized power supply to cabinets, and distributed supply to various modules, which
enhances system reliability.
z Perfect environment monitoring system enables remote operation & maintenance.
z Powerful temperature regulation increases the system’s adaptability to environment.
z Modular structure, which facilitates installation, maintenance and capacity expansion.

Functions
z Supporting 900 MHz, 1800 MHz and PCS1900 multi-band systems.
z Supporting Phase 1 / Phase 2 / Phase 2+ compatible LAPDm protocol.
z Supporting Phase 1/Phase 2/ Phase 2+ compatible system messages and resources
indication.
z Providing basic service functions required by the system, including location update,
MTC and MOC.
z Supporting synchronous, asynchronous, pseudo-synchronous and pre-synchronous
handovers.
z Supporting short message cell broadcast and point-to-point short message broadcast.
z Calculation of timing advance.
z Supporting diversity receiving and soft decision demodulation functions.
z Supporting paging queuing.

1-16 Huawei Technologies Proprietary Issue 03 (2007-12-21)

M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
Feature Description 1 BSS Solution

z Supporting data services specified in Phase 2.

z Supporting detection of random access collision.
z Supporting baseband hopping and RF hopping.
z Supporting A5 encryption/decryption.
z Supporting GPRS.
z Supporting dynamic configuration of basic data.
z Supporting dynamic resources management.
z Supporting preprocessing of measurement report.
z Supporting immediate assignment and paging combination to increase the radio channels
utilization.
z Supporting static and dynamic power control of the base station.
z Supporting omni and sector cells.
z Supporting cell layering, concentric cell and microcell applications.
z Internal bus technique facilitates future expansion.
z Providing both power supply and battery management functions.
z Supporting locked holdover, fast pull-in, and free-run clock modes.
z Unattended operation. Provides BTS room environment monitoring function.
z Use of triplex tower-top amplifier improves the receiving sensitivity.
z Supporting bipolarization antennas, reducing antennas in a cell.
z RF indices conform to GSM 05.05 specifications.
z Conforming to IP55 outdoor equipment protection standard.

Technical Indices

Table 1-4 Technical indices of the BTS30A

Index Value

Dimension H % W % D = 1800 mm % 1200 mm % 800 mm

Internal available space H % W % D = 1075 mm % 1001 mm % 725 mm
Weight (fully configured) 550kg
Power consumption / cabinet Max 3200W
load
Tx Power 40W (46dBm) /80W (49dBm,by PBU)
Receiving sensitivity -110dBm(GSM900),-109dBm(DCS1800)
Power supply 220V AC: 150–280 V AC / 45–65 Hz
Operational temperature (normal) -33ÿC–+55ÿC (Environmental requirement)
Operational humidity 15%~85%

Issue 03 (2007-12-21) Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-17

 M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
1 BSS Solution Feature Description

1.5.4 BTS3001C
Overview
BTS3001C is highly adaptable to complicated climate and electro-magnetic environment. It
features flexible addressing and easy installation. It is mainly used to improve the network
capacity and to eliminate the blind spot of the macro cell coverage, thus realizing the
continuity of the coverage and lower the cost on coverage.
In places where the macrocells cannot cover, the microcell base stations can be installed to
improve the network coverage and quality of service.

Features
BTS3001C features:
z Star networking and chain networking supported. In chain networking, the maximum
serial connection levels are 5 levels,
z Wide working temperature (-33 ÿC –+55 ÿC). In high temperature environment, the
cooling fins on the inner container will radiate the heat. In low temperature environment,
internal heating device will be started to ensure a suitable working temperature.
z All parts are fixed and little noise will be generated.
z BTS22C can be installed on the walls, pillars or towers.
z Flexible antenna configuration. Internal directional antenna and external omni /
directional antennas are supported.
z Supporting GPRS.
z Closed structure in full compliance with IP55 outdoor equipment protection standard. All
operations cannot be done until the locked operation cavity is opened. The operation
cavity at the lower part of the integrated small BTS provides the maintenance interface
and the indicators showing the working condition of the inner container.
z The input voltage range is 150–300 V AC, which makes adaptable to the areas with
highly fluctuating voltage.

1.5.5 BTS3002C
Features
z Product Key Technology
− It is an outdoor mini BTS with small size and light weight, so it involves low cost and
can greatly saves construction investment.
− Its Max. transmit power is 20W and it supports dual-TS wide coverage.
− It supports single and dual carrier configuration, and adopts modular RF structure.
− With imbedded optical transmission, it supports SDH loop networking self-protection
and provides one channel of dedicated E1 to other devices.
− It supports Abis transmission bypass and greatly enhances networking stability.
− It supports TS frequency hopping and diversity receiving with high receiving
sensitivity.
− It supports BTS power-off alarm report when UPS and battery are not utilized (from
the alarm report, transmission disconnection and BTS power-off can be
differentiated).

1-18 Huawei Technologies Proprietary Issue 03 (2007-12-21)

M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
Feature Description 1 BSS Solution

− It supports GPRS, supports CS3/CS4 radio channel-coding methods. So it can realize

the smooth migration from 2G to 2.5G.
− It supports uplink frequency scanning function for network optimization.
z Environment Adaptability
BTS3002C is an outdoor mini BTS with strong environment adaptability.
− Fully obturated and integrated architecture. It has strong capability for resisting water,
dust, moist, salt (acid) smog, mould and sunshine radiation.
− Wide voltage range. It can work normally within the voltage range 150 ~ 300V AC .
− Flexible working temperature range. BTS3002C can work normally under the
temperature -40°C~+55°C (environment temperature).
− Strong lightning protection capability. It is designed with imbedded lightning
protection board and attached power lightning protection box.
− Flexible installation mode. It can be installed on the wall, mast, tower or telegraph
pole etc.
− Battery power supply supported. Battery power supply can prolong power supply
duration when public power supply is halted.
z O&M Function
BTS3002C can perform the following O&M functions: software downloading, BTS
object attribute configuration management, equipment management and running state
monitoring.
− Local end maintenance. It provides Man Machine Interface (MMI), and implements
maintenance, monitoring and management to all objects of the BTS through the local
maintenance console.
− Remote end maintenance. O&M network is built up in the GSM system. The
authorized user can use any workstation in the network via the remote maintenance
console to perform remote O&M to BTS NEs in the system.
− System state monitoring. It provides system running indices indication, resource state
indication, local cell configuration and state indication.
− Security management. It provides user login authentication, command authority
restriction, unsecured operation indication and user group management.
− Test, including function self-test and loop test.
− Office monitoring. It provides data collecting and transmission channels for room
monitoring equipment to ensure unattended BTS with centralized monitoring.
− Upgrading. It automatically checks the system for upgrading, system upgrading can
be performed via remote loading and the system can be restored to its previous
version if system upgrading fails.

Functions
iSite integrated mini BTS has the following basic functions:
z GSM900/1800 services.
z Phase II+ all data services prescribed.
z GPRS basic services.
z Phase I/Phase II /Phase II+ compatible LAPDm protocol.
z CS-1/CS-2/CS-3/CS-4 radio channel-coding methods.
z Phase I/Phase II/ Phase II+ compatible system message broadcasting and resource
indication.

Issue 03 (2007-12-21) Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-19

 M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
1 BSS Solution Feature Description

z Enhanced full rate (EFR) speech coding scheme with better speech quality.
z Data service: including transparent transmission of 9.6k, 4.8k, 2.4k, non-transparent
transmission of 12k (9.6k), 6k (4.8k), faxing and WWW browsing), point-to-point short
message and cell short message broadcasting.
z 16K and 64K signaling traffic.
z Paging queue.
z A5/1 and A5/2 encryption/decryption.
z Basic data dynamic configuration.
z Dynamic resource management.
z Measurement report preprocessing.
z Immediate assignment combination and paging combination, boosting the radio channel
usage.
z Discontinuous transmission(DTX) and Discontinuous Reception(DRX) enhancing the
anti-interference ability.
z Omnidirectional cell and directional cell. It supports O1, O2, S1, S2, S1/1, S1/1/1, S2/2
and S2/2/2 site configuration mode.
z Support locked, fast capture, track (normal), hold-over and free-run clock modes.
z Synchronous handover, asynchronous handover and dual band handover.
z Um interface tracing and inner interface tracing.
z Local and remote software downloading.
z Satellite transmission function.
z Static and dynamic power control.
z Directly optical transmission.

Technical indices

Table 1-5 Technical indices of the BTS3002C

Index Value

Cabinet size 744mm*460mm*360mm

(height*width*depth)
Weight 55kg
Power consumption Single carrier No heating: 140W (-10°C ~ +55°C)
configuration, With heating: 400W (-20°C ~ -10°C)
uninterrupted
working (power
supply for the
whole cabinet)
Dual-carriers No heating: 260W (-19°C ~ +55°C)
configuration, With heating: 640W (-40°C ~ -20°C)
uninterrupted
working (power
supply for the
whole cabinet)

1-20 Huawei Technologies Proprietary Issue 03 (2007-12-21)

M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
Feature Description 1 BSS Solution

Index Value

Single carrier Startup when environment temperature is at

configuration, -40°C ~ -5°C, the consumption is 440W.
low temperature When the cabinet internal temperature reaches
startup (power -5°C, the consumption is 400W. When the
supply for the cabinet internal temperature reaches 30°C, the
whole cabinet) consumption is 140W.
Startup when environment temperature is at
-5°C ~ 0°C, the consumption is 400W. When
the cabinet internal temperature reaches 30°C,
the consumption is 140W.
Startup when environment temperature is
above 0°C, the consumption is 140W.
Dual-carriers Startup when environment temperature is at
configuration, -40°C ~ -5°C, the consumption is 680W.
low temperature When the cabinet internal temperature reaches
startup (power -5°C, the consumption is 640W. When the
supply for the cabinet internal temperature reaches 30°C, the
whole cabinet) consumption is 260W.
Startup when environment temperature is at
-5°C ~ 0°C, the consumption is 640W. When
the cabinet internal temperature reaches 30°C,
the consumption is 260W.
Startup when environment temperature is
above 0°C, the consumption is 260W.
Single carrier No heating: 60W (-10°C ~ +55°C)
configuration With heating: 200W (-40°C ~ -10°C)
(power supply by
priority)
Dual-carriers No heating: 115W (-10°C ~ +55°C)
configuration With heating: 255W (-40°C ~ -10°C)
(power supply by
priority)
Working Normal operation in -40°C ~ 55°C
environment
temperature
Working 5% ~ 100%
environment relative
humidity
Clock Frequency: 1.3%107Hz, ex-factory precision higher than 0.05ppm
Frequency feature: <!5%10-8 (from0ÿC to70ÿC)
Annual aging rate: <!1%10-7
Input power supply When 220V AC input : 150V AC ~ 300V AC , 47Hz ~ 63Hz
When -48V DC input : -40V DC ~ -60V DC
Security performance Comply with IEC60950 standards

Issue 03 (2007-12-21) Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-21

 M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
1 BSS Solution Feature Description

Index Value

Anti-vibration Comply with IEC Class 4M3 standards

performance
Electromagnetic Comply with ETS 300-342-3 standards
compatibility
Waterproof and Comply with IP55 standards
dustproof
performance

1.5.6 BTS3012
Features
z Coverage Capability
The BTS3012AE has the following benefits in terms of coverage:
− High receive sensitivity
The static sensitivity of the TCH/FS channel is -112.5 dBm (a typical value in normal
temperature).
− Power boost technology (PBT)
The maximum transmission power of the DTRU can reach up to 80 W.
− Configuration of up to six cells in one cabinet
Hybrid networking of multiple frequency bands is supported.
− Transmit diversity and 4-way receive diversity.
z Capacity
The BTS3012 has the following benefits in terms of capacity:
− One BTS3012 cabinet supports up to 12 TRXs.
− The BTS3012 supports multiple cells and one cabinet supports up to six cells.
− Each site supports 1 to 36 TRXs.
z Networking capability
The BTS3012 has the following benefits in terms of networking capability:
− Supporting multiple transmission modes such as E1, STM-1, microwave, and satellite
transmission.
− Supporting multiple topologies such as star, tree, chain, ring, and hybrid topologies.
z Clock and synchronization
The BTS3012 has the following features in terms of clock and synchronization:
− The BTS3012 supports clock phase-lock, tracing, memory, and free running.
− The Transmission, Timing, and Management Unit for DTRU (DTMU) of the
BTS3012 uses the active/standby mode, which greatly improves the reliability of the
clock.
− The BTS3012 can process the inputs of external BITS clock.
z Hybrid Combined Cabinet

1-22 Huawei Technologies Proprietary Issue 03 (2007-12-21)

M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
Feature Description 1 BSS Solution

The BTS3012 can form a combined cabinet with the BTS30 or BTS312. In the hybrid
combined cabinet, the BTS3012 must be the main cabinet.
z Antenna
The BTS3012 has the following benefits in terms of antenna:
− Supporting RET antennas.
− Supporting dual polarization antennas
This reduces the number of antennas in a cell.
− Supporting TMAs
This improves the receive sensitivity.
z Power Supply
The BTS3012 uses the -48 V DC power supply. It supports the 110/220 V AC and +24 V
DC power input through the Sidepower, which is the external power supply equipment.
z Installation
The installation of the BTS3012 has the following features:
− The BTS3012 supports installation against the wall.
− The BTS3012 supports combined cabinet installation.
− The external cables are led from the top of the cabinet.
− All the cables are maintained from the front of the cabinet.
− Easy and fast installation of the BTS3012 software and hardware leads to much faster
installation and network deployment.
The field installation personnel need to fix the cabinet, insert the boards, install the
external cables, and download the data configuration file.
z Multiple Frequency Bands Applications
The BTS3012 supports the frequency bands at 850 MHz, 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, and
1900 MHz to meet the requirements in different regions.

Functions
The special features of the BTS3012 with respect to the following aspects are described here.
z EDGE
The BTS3012 supports system information broadcast and resource indication, which are
compatible with the 3GPP R99.
z Handover
− The BTS3012 supports synchronous, asynchronous handover.
− The BTS3012 supports dual band handover.
z Frequency Hopping
− The BTS3012 supports baseband frequency hopping.
− The BTS3012 supports RF hopping.
z Encryption
− The BTS3012 has the A5/0 non-encryption function.
− The BTS3012 has the A5/1, A5/2 encryption, and decryption function.
z Power Control
The BTS3012 can support the static power control of the BTS.
− The BTS3012 can support the dynamic power control of the BTS.

Issue 03 (2007-12-21) Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-23

 M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
1 BSS Solution Feature Description

z Detection
− The BTS3012 can detect the random access collision.
− The BTS3012 can detect whether the main boards and modules are in position.
− The BTS3012 can detect and report the output power of the DTRU module.
z Extended Cell
With the extended cell function, the BTS3012 can cover an area of up to 120 km.

Technical indices

Table 1-6 Technical indices of the BTS3012

Index Value

Cabinet size 1600 mm ( Height) % 600mm (Width) %

450mm (Depth)
Temperature –5°C to + 45°C
Relative humidity 5% RH to 95% RH
Weight Empty cabinet 120 kg
(includes boards in
the common
subsystem)
Full configuration 200 kg
(S4/4/4)
Full configuration 220 kg
(S4/4/4,with
transmission and
DCOM module)
Power Rated voltage -48 V DC
range -40 V DC to -60 V DC
Power Typical power 2.0kW(850MHz/900MHz)
Consumption consumption 2.4kW(1800MHz/1900MHz)
Maximum power 2.8kW(850MHz/900MHz)
consumption 3.2kW(1800MHz/1900MHz)
Transmission E1 2Mbit/s
STM-1 155Mbit/s

1.5.7 BTS3012AE
Features
z Coverage Capability
The BTS3012AE has the following benefits in terms of coverage:

1-24 Huawei Technologies Proprietary Issue 03 (2007-12-21)

M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
Feature Description 1 BSS Solution

− High receive sensitivity

The static sensitivity of the TCH/FS channel is -112.5 dBm (a typical value in normal
temperature)
− Power boost technology (PBT)
The maximum transmission power of the DTRU can reach up to 80 W.
− Configuration of up to six cells in one cabinet
Hybrid networking of multiple frequency bands is supported.
− Transmit diversity and 4-way receive diversity
z Capacity
TThe BTS3012AE has the following benefits in terms of capacity:
− One BTS3012AE cabinet supports up to 12 TRXs. The maximum configuration of a
site containing only one cabinet is S4/4/4.
− The configuration of a site formed by BTS3012AE can reach up to S12/12/12 by
means of combined cabinet or cabinet group. Each site supports 1-36 TRXs.
z Networking capability
The BTS3012AE has the following benefits in terms of networking capability:
− The BTS3012AE supports multiple transmission modes such as E1, STM-1,
microwave, and satellite transmission.
− The BTS3012AE supports multiple topologies such as star, tree, chain, ring, and
hybrid topologies.
z Clock and synchronization
The BTS3012AE has the following benefits in terms of clock and synchronization:
− The BTS3012AE supports clock phase-lock, tracing, memory, and free running.
− The Transmission, Timing, and Management Unit for DTRU (DTMU) of the
BTS3012AE adopts the active/standby mode, which greatly improves the reliability
of the clock.
− The BTS3012AE can process the inputs of external BITS clock.
z Antenna
The BTS3012AE has the following benefits in terms of antenna:
− Supporting RET antennas.
− Supporting dual polarization antennas
This reduces the number of antennas in a cell.
− Supporting TMAs
This improves the receive sensitivity.
z Power Supply System
The BTS3012AE has the following benefits in terms of power supply system:
− Supporting internal and external storage batteries
The BTS3012AE provides two storage battery cabins: -48 V 150 AH and -48 V 50
AH. The BTS3012AE can be configured with a maximum of 200 AH storage
batteries. Under S4/4/4 site configuration, the internal 200AH can supply power for
four hours when the traffic volume is in normal level.
The external storage batteries can provide up to 600 AH power. Under S4/4/4 site
configuration, the external storage batteries can supply power for more than four
hours when the traffic volume is in normal level.

Issue 03 (2007-12-21) Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-25

 M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
1 BSS Solution Feature Description

− Supporting 110 V AC dual-live power input, 220 V AC single-phase power input, and
220 V AC three-phase power input. The BTS3012AE supports a wide range of
voltage and frequency.
− Using N+1 hot backup, and low temperature start.
− Having complete battery management and environment monitoring functions.
z Environment Adaptability
The BTS3012AE has excellent environment adaptability, which greatly reduces the BTS'
requirements on the environments.
− The BTS3012AE uses the sealed integrated structure. It complies with the
International Protection (IP55) standard in terms of water prevention and dust
prevention.
− The BTS3012AE can operate in a wide temperature range: -40°C to +45°C (equipped
with heat exchanger).
In the high temperature environment, the temperature control unit dissipates the heat.
In the low temperature environment, the heater device heats the BTS3012AE to
ensure a proper internal temperature for the BTS3012AE.
− The BTS3012AE has a powerful temperature control system, which make it adapt to
various adverse environments.
− The BTS3012AE has complete lightning protection measures. It is configured with
built-in DELU, and power lightning protection unit.
− The environment monitoring system of the BTS3012AE enables you to monitor the
environments around the BTS in the remote end.
z Installation
The BTS3012AE is easy to install. It has the following benefits in terms of installation.
− The BTS3012AE can be installed on the cement floor, building roof, or tower.
− All the external cables are introduced into the cabinet through the bottom of the
cabinet. A 200 mm-height space is reserved for the cabling, which greatly facilitates
the maintenance.
− Field installation personnel only need to secure the cabinet, install the external cables,
and download the data configuration file.
The simple and fast installation of the hardware and software greatly reduces the
installation time, and enables the fast network deployment.
z Multiple Frequency Bands Applications
The BTS3012AE supports the frequency bands at 850 MHz, 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, and
1900 MHz to meet the requirements in different regions.
z Space Reservation
By default, the BTS3012AE has 2 U reserved space for placing the built-in E1, SDH,
microwave transmission equipment and the equipment of the operators. The space can be
extended to 7 U through the removal of the 50 AH storage battery cabin.

Functions
The special features of the BTS3012AE with respect to the following aspects are described
here.
z EDGE
The BTS3012AE supports system information broadcast and resource indication, which
are compatible with the 3GPP R99.

1-26 Huawei Technologies Proprietary Issue 03 (2007-12-21)

M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
Feature Description 1 BSS Solution

z Handover
− The BTS3012AE supports synchronous, asynchronous handover.
− The BTS3012AE supports dual band handover.
z Frequency Hopping
− The BTS3012AE supports baseband frequency hopping.
− The BTS3012AE supports RF hopping.
z Encryption
− The BTS3012AE has the A5/0 non-encryption function.
− The BTS3012AE has the A5/1, A5/2 encryption, and decryption function.
z Power Control
− The BTS3012AE can support the static power control.
− The BTS3012AE can support the dynamic power control.
z Detection
− The BTS3012AE can detect the random access collision.
− The BTS3012AE can detect whether the main boards and modules are in position.
− The BTS3012AE can detect and report the output power of the DTRU module.
z Extended Cell
With the extended cell function, the BTS3012AE can cover an area of up to 120 km.

Issue 03 (2007-12-21) Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-27

 M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
1 BSS Solution Feature Description

Technical indices

Table 1-7 Technical indices of the BTS3012AE

Index Value

Cabinet size 1700 mm (Height) %1000mm (Width ) %88

0mm (Depth )
Temperature –40°C to + 45°C
Relative humidity 5% RH to 95% RH
Weight Empty cabinet (Excluding 200kg
the heat exchanger or
internal subracks)
Assembly cabinet 310kg
(Including the heat
exchanger and internal
subracks )
Full configuration (no 390kg
storage batteries,
Configured with a front
door and all the boards)
Power Single-phase (200 ~ 250) ±20% V AC
Three-phase star (Y) (346/200~433/250 ) ±20% V AC
Two-phase dual live (208/120~220/127 ) ±20% V AC
Power Typical power 2.0kW(850MHz/900MHz)
Consumption consumption 2.4kW(1800MHz/1900MHz)
Maximum power 2.8kW(850MHz/900MHz)
consumption 3.2kW(1800MHz/1900MHz)
Transmission E1 2Mbit/s
STM-1 155Mbit/s

1.6 Operation & Maintenance

1.6.1 Operation & Maintenance of BTS
The BTS maintenance module of BSC provides rich BTS maintenance functions. Through
these operations, subscribers can guarantee the highly efficient, stable and reliable operations
of BTSs. The operation costs will be reduced and communication service quality will be
improved.

1-28 Huawei Technologies Proprietary Issue 03 (2007-12-21)

M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
Feature Description 1 BSS Solution

BTS Software Loading Management

Normally a BSC controls multiple BTSs, which are distributed widely with no personnel on
their duty. Some of them are even located at the areas with poor transportation, such as the
mountaintop. There it is very complicated to replace the BTS board software at the location.
As a solution to this problem, BSC supports the function of remote loading BTS software. It
is possible to load all software at OMC. Multiple software can be loaded at one time, thus
realizing the convenient upgrading of the BTS software.

BTS Data Configuration Management

The BTS will be initialized once the data configuration is finished to ensure the normal
operation of the BTS. The functions of online configuration and modification are supported.
During normal running, operation parameters are issued by BSC to BTS. The BTS
maintenance module in BSC enables the BTS data configuration process and configures such
information as BTS parameters cell parameters, frequency parameter, channel parameters
alarm threshold and BTS software & hardware configurations. In addition, BSC needs to
configure the BTS network structure data to ensure the BTS functioning in different network
topologies.

BTS Equipment Operation Management

The BTS management module of M900/M1800 BSC helps the subscribers to check the status
of BTS equipment and objects. It also provides necessary maintenance measures. BTS
maintenance is object-oriented. These objects include BTS, cells, BT (Baseband Transceiver),
RC (TRX), channels, and boards.

BTS Test Management

To enable the long-term, continuous and stable operation of the system, the use of testing and
diagnosis functions are necessary for the maintenance of the whole system. M900/M1800
BSC provides powerful test and diagnosis function for BTS maintenance.
BTS maintenance module of BSC provides powerful test and diagnosis function. During
normal running, BTS boards execute self-check instantly, and generate the alarms
automatically or perform switchover in case of serious fault or abnormality. On the other hand,
test tasks can be initiated from the BTS maintenance console.

BTS Alarm Management

BTS alarm management of M900/M1800 BSC is another function of BTS maintenance
management. If any abnormality or fault occurs during BTS running, BTS boards will
instantly report and inform the fault-handling program to handle it. At the same time, various
alarm messages and signals will be generated in the alarm system. Whenever the alarm is
generated, the alarm processing module shall send the fault message reported from BTS to the
maintenance and operation terminal. The alarm will also be sent to the alarm box through the
alarm box interface board. Alarm box generates the sound and light indications to inform the
maintenance personnel about the alarm. The alarm sent to the maintenance and operation
terminal will be displayed on the terminal and also stored in the hard disk to be queried.

TRX Mutual-Assistance Management

z In case of BCCH fault in a cell, another TRX in the cell can be started to provide service
in place of the TRX where the original BCCH is located. Meanwhile, the TRX can be
restored by clearing the fault. If the original TRX can not be restored, service

Issue 03 (2007-12-21) Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-29

 M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
1 BSS Solution Feature Description

provisioning will be interrupted. If the original TRX can not be restored, it will quit
service provisioning.
z In case of fault with a certain baseband hopping TRX during the normal running process
in a cell, this BTS will report the fault. The baseband frequency hopping TRX fault
processing function will delete the faulty baseband frequency hopping TRX from the
corresponding frequency hopping group so that the other frequency hopping boards can
work normally. After the faulty TRX has been recovered, frequency hopping will no
longer be available.

Support of GPRS Service

z BSS supports the dynamic conversion between PDCH and TCH. During the conversion,
the property of the related channel will be issued from BSC to BTS. The dynamic
conversion can be activated by BSC, and the conversion threshold can be set.
z The channel connection will be reestablished when the packet channel encoding mode is
changed.
z Message transference between PDCH and TCH.

Other Management Processing

Other management processes mainly include circuit/channel blocking, no auto unblocking the
blocked cell or TRX after BTS reset, active/standby switchover of GMPU boards, alarm
filtering, transfer of idle burst, BTS log report, and resource check.

BTS Emergency Operations

In the case of power failure, BTS will use the spare storage battery for power supply to
maintain the normal operation of the BTS.
If the BTS is over heated, BSC will automatically stop the power amplifying unit to avoid
damaging BTS.

1.6.2 Operation & Maintenance of BSC

The operation and maintenance system of M900/M1800 BSC is mainly used to receive the
OMC maintenance commands and perform routine maintenance, control start, tracing &
monitoring, overload management and memory operations. It is also used to return the
operation results to OMC.

Routine Maintenance
The routine maintenance involves software version checking and module status viewing so as
to ensure normal and smooth system running.

Control Startup
The control startup function involves circuit control, LAPD link maintenance, immediate
active/standby switchover, hierarchical resetting, board inquiry control, HDLC link status,
BSC system reset, resources check and GLAP software loading.

Tracing & Monitoring

The maintenance management part of the BSC system features powerful tracing & monitoring
functions, including interface tracing and system performance monitoring.

1-30 Huawei Technologies Proprietary Issue 03 (2007-12-21)

M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
Feature Description 1 BSS Solution

Memory Operations
The operations in the maintenance management of the BSC system on the memory include
memory inquiry and memory dumping.

Overload Management
z Conventional concept
When the traffic is more than BSS can handle, and then the system is called in Overload
State. To avoid such occurrence, overload control mechanism is introduced so that the
system can detect overload timely and take effective measures.
The BSS traffic comes from MS and MSC. Mobility management, call control, radio
frequency management and measurement data processing are the primary traffic at the
MS side. The traffic from the MSC includes call handling, handover request, resources
request/indication and the allocation function.
The overload control mechanism includes traffic detection and preventive mechanisms.
The traffic is monitored in BTS, MSC and BSC. When overload is detected, the overload
message will be sent to the BSC, which will take preventive measures automatically to
reduce the calls. Once the overload is released, the measures will gradually be cancelled.
z BSC processor overloaded
The CPU of the BSC has a limited processing capability. When the traffic of the CPU
crosses a certain level, the CPU may halt and system may be down if no measures are
taken to reduce the traffic. The congestion and overload threshold can be set through the
OMC terminal. When the CPU occupation ratio exceeds the CPU overload start
threshold, the system is congested and it will generate alarms. When the CPU occupation
ratio is lower than the CPU overload threshold, the system is recovered to the normal
state and generates recovery reports. The start and end values of the congestion are
higher than the overload start and end values. The default values of CPU congestion and
overload threshold in M900/M1800 BSC are CPU overload start value 90%. CPU
overload end value 70%. CPU congestion start value 95%. CPU congestion end value
80%.
z Radio interface overload
The basic strategy to control radio interface overload is to cut down the traffic on the
CCH until overload is released.
AGCH overloaded
AGCH is a unidirectional downlink channel shared by all the mobiles in the cell. This
channel is used to setup the MS calls. If overload occurs on the AGCH, new calls can not
be accepted and MS will probably access, the adjacent cells and this will consequently
cause deterioration to the system.
After acknowledging the overload status, BSC starts the following preventive measures:
− Discard all the affected paging messages of BTS.
− Notify the MSC about the overload messages and points out the cause: CCCH
overload and cell flag.
− Phase-reduce the service access.
PCH overloaded
The Paging Channel (PCH) sends the messages to MS in downlink direction. BTS
monitors the load status of PCH. When the threshold is overstepped, BTS will notify
BSC, and BSC starts the following protection measures:
− Discard the paging message to the overload cells.

Issue 03 (2007-12-21) Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-31

 M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
1 BSS Solution Feature Description

− Notify the MSC about the overload messages and points out the cause: CCCH
overload and cell flag.
RACH overloaded
The Random Access Channel (RACH) is an uplink channel, designed to request
dedicated channels for MS. BTS monitors the load status of RACH. When the threshold
is overstepped, BTS will notify BSC of the overload message. Since the RACH capacity
is no bottleneck, no measures need to be taken.
z MSC overloaded
MSC might also undergo overload. In this case, it sends the overload message to BSC,
the reason being “CPU overload”. BSC will prohibit access by subscribers depending on
the actual situation and MSC will also reduce paging and external handover (between
MSCs).

1.6.3 Traffic Statistics Console

Traffic statistics is an important function of BSS, which measures and monitors the whole
system and helps to improve and stabilize the network.
The traffic statistics module receives the performance measurement tasks from the OMC
traffic statistics console and dispatches them in a unified way. It informs corresponding
module to start/stop measurement and collects the measurement results to send to the OMC
traffic statistics console.
The traffic statistics module routinely monitors the key resources of the system including
CPU, message queue, Abis interface receive/transmit queue, and CCB list. It regularly
monitors the traffic levels of cells and system flow levels to provide appropriate controls over
other application modules. In addition, it monitors the radio network quality, radio resource,
connection, and handover quality.

1.6.4 Dynamic Data Configuration Management

Dynamic data configuration is also called online data configuration, that is, modifications of
system configuration data and system attribute data can be done without resetting the BSC.
This is very important for smooth expansion of the system capacity and network planning &
optimization. If a BSC is in operation and a user wants to modify its data, reset of BSC means
interruption of BSC and its BTS services. Dynamic data configuration facilitates the
implementation of data modification and minimizes the impact on the current service.

Operation Method
OMC data management console provides a dynamic data configuration mode. This mode
adopts wizard interface which realizes step by step dynamic data modification. The system
handles data validity, consistency, integrity, and tolerance check automatically, which
simplifies the process of dynamic data configuration and greatly improves the efficiency and
security of dynamic data configuration.

Functions
z Modify parameters of BSC: This function can modify BIE visibility, modify GLAP
visibility, modify BSC interface phase flag, modify voice optimize parameter, configure
monitor timeslot, modify Abis bypass switch, dynamic configuration without
command(trunk circuit, BTS software index, flow control, common parameter,
semi-permanent connection, alarm, GMEM configuration, board software loading, timer
data, module description table.), import network parameters, export network parameters,

1-32 Huawei Technologies Proprietary Issue 03 (2007-12-21)

M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
Feature Description 1 BSS Solution

modify reserved parameters(module, site, cell, TRX), dynamically configure SS7 links,
and modify PB interface link properties.
z Modify parameters of the BTS: This function can add a site, add TRX, delete a site,
delete TRX, add or delete board, modify board type, configure site tower-top amplifier,
modify site data, modify site output property, startup traffic stat. task re-register, rename
site or cell, modify ring topology mark, add slave chain to site, delete slave chain of site,
configure site idle timeslot, batch process site property.
z Modify parameters of the Cell: This function can add cell, delete cell, modify NCC and
BCC, modify cell property, modify cell call control parameter, modify cell alarm limit,
modify cell FH property, modify cell handover parameter, modify cell power control
parameter, modify cell channel management parameter, modify cell CGI, modify cell
system information, modify cell broadcast DRX property, modify cell install status,
modify cell allocation table(BA1 & BA2 table) , modify double timeslots related
property, modify TRX property, modify DC bias voltage and RACH Min Access Level,
modify TRX channel type, modify TRX frequency, modify GPRS function, modify TRX
priority, modify external cell(add, delete, modify) , batch modify cell network parameter,
configure RSL flow control parameter, modify TRX shutdown property.

Dynamic Data Configuration Reliability

In addition to the reliability check mechanisms provided by the OMC the BTSM provides
such mechanisms as timed retransmission, added response, and alarming so that data can be
configured correctly and completely in the BTS. In case of BTS maintenance link fault, the
dynamic data configuration commands to the BTS can not be sent, this will cause
inconsistency between the data at the site and that in the BSC, which will affect the working
quality of the system. At this time, the BTSM will periodically re-send dynamic data
commands to the BTS and send alarms to the OMC

1.6.5 LMT
LMT is a desktop or portable PC providing local maintenance operations. The LMTs for BSC,
PCU and BTS are identical and run the WINDOWS 95 or WINDOWS 98. The only
difference is the application software for operation and maintenance. PCU runs Telnet or the
Hyper Terminal simulator program while the local maintenance program on the BSC and BTS
is the one with a graphic interface offered by Huawei.
LMT can perform local maintenance on BSC, BTS or PCU, while the OMC and Telnet
terminal are mainly used to perform remote maintenance on the BSS. Huawei OMC includes
OMC-R and OMC-S, which manage respectively BSS and NSS. They can be provided either
separately or along with BSS and NSS. When Huawei BSS and NSS are used at the same
time, only a suite of OMC is required. OMC connects to BSS through the LAN or WAN.

1.6.6 OMC
Operational Function
OMC conducts the operation & maintenance of the GSM network and effective management
of network capacity and coverage area expansion. For instance, a user can expand the channel
capacity and adjusts the initial coverage range based on the actual needs.
OMC can optimize the utilization of the resources based on the network resources data
acquired and decide whether to carry out capacity expansion.
Network planning plays a pivotal role in the construction and development of the network.
Network planning tools interact with OMC to acquire the network resources information

Issue 03 (2007-12-21) Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-33

 M900/M1800 Base Station Subsystem
1 BSS Solution Feature Description

through OMC, make analysis of these data, and revise the network plan. The implementation
of this revised plan or expansion can be implemented through OMC easily.
A user can send commands and view the responses through WS. It involves network
configuration data management and network real-time feedback data management. The
former is the prerequisite for ensuring the normal operation of the network and the latter
contains some measurement results for network planning and optimization.

OMC Platform
Huawei OMC includes OMC Sever and WS. OMC Server runs on Unix operating system and
the WS runs on Windows.
OMC Sever connects to the WS through LAN and the OMC system communicates with BSS
through LAN or WAN.
The capacity of OMC depends on the number of connected network elements, system
hardware and the number of connected subscribers. Both OMC Server and WS can be
upgraded based on the requirements.

1.6.7 Telnet Terminal

A Telnet terminal is a command line terminal mainly used for the operation and maintenance
of PCU.

1-34 Huawei Technologies Proprietary Issue 03 (2007-12-21)