STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY 11

Name: Grade Level:

Section: Date:

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

IDENTIFIES REGION UNDER THE NORMAL CURVE

CORRESPONDING TO DIFFERENT STANDARD NORMAL VALUES.

Background Information for Learners

The most important of all continuous probability distribution is the normal distribution.
Its graph is called the normal curve, a bell-shaped curve. It lies entirely above the horizontal
axis. The area between the curve and the horizontal axis is exactly equal to 1. Half the area
is above the mean and the remaining half is below the mean.
There are many normal distributions. A normal distribution is determined by two
parameters: The mean µ and the standard deviation σ. If the mean is 0, the standard deviation
is 1, then the normal distribution is a standard normal distribution. The areas under this curve
can be found using the Areas Under the Standard normal Curve Table.

STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

Areas Under Normal Curve

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 However, the mean µ is not always equal to zero and the standard deviation σ is not
always equal to 1. In the normal curve below, µ=50 and σ=5.

In the normal curve below, µ=100 and σ=10

57
Example 1.
Find the area between z = 0 and z = 1.75.

Solution:
Step 1. Sketch the normal curve.

0 1.75

Since 1.75 is positive. It is somewhere to the right of 0.

Step 2. Locate the area for z = 1.75 from the Areas Under the Normal Curve table.
Proceed down the column marked z until you reach 1.7. Then proceed to the right along this
row until you reach the column mark 5. The intersection of the row that contains 1.7 and the
column 5 is the area. The area is 0.4599.

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59
Example 2. Find the area between z= 1.75 and z= 2.7

Solution:
Step 1. Sketch the normal curve.

A2

A1 A

0 1.75 2.7

Step 2.

Let A= area between z = 1.75 and z = 2.7

A1 = area between z = 0 and z = 1.75
A2 = area between z = 0 and z = 2.7

From the table:

A1 = 0.4599
A2= 0.4965
A = A2 - A1
=0.4965 - 0.4599
=0.0366

Hence, the area between z =1.75 and z = 2.7 is 0.0366.

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 Example 3. Find the area to the right of z = 1.75

Solution:
Step 1. Sketch the normal curve.

0.5

A1 A

1.75

Step 2. Let A = area to the right of z = 1.75

A1 = area between z = 0 and z = 1.75

From the table:

A1 = 0.4599
A = 0.5 - A1 , since the area of the half the curve is 0.5
= 0.5 – 0.4599
= 0.0401

Hence, the area to the right of z = 1.75 is 0.04

Learning Competency
Identifies region under the normal curve corresponding to different standard normal
values. (M11/12 SP-IIIc-3).

ACTIVITY 1

Directions: Find the area that corresponds to each of the following standard normal values(z-
values).(1 pt. each)

1. Z= 0.6 6. Z= 0.35
2. Z= 1.96 7. Z= 2.13
3. Z= -1.51 8. Z= -1.09
4. Z= 2.35 9. Z= -1.18
5. Z = -1.23 10. Z= -2.85

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ACTIVITY 2
Directions: Identify the region/area under the normal curve corresponding to each of the
following cases.(2 pts. each)
1. Between z = 0 and z = 1.36
2. Between z = 0 and z = -1.87
3. Between z = 1.36 and z = 2.5
4. Between z = -1.36 and z = -1.87
5. Between z = -1.36 and z = 2.5
6. Between z = 1.36 and z = -2.5
7. To the right of z = 1.36
8. To the right of z = -1.36
9. To the left of z = 2.5
10.To the left of z = -1.87

ACTIVITY 3

Directions: Find the indicated area under the normal curve, then convert it to
percentage. (3 pts.each)
1. What percent of the area under the normal curve is between z = 0.58 and z
= 2.8?
2. What percent of the area under the normal curve is between z = -2.00 and z =
2.00?
3. What percent of the area under the normal curve is between z = -1.15 and z =
1.15?
4. What percent of the area under the normal curve is between z = -1.34 and z = -
2.13?
5. What percent of the area under the normal curve is between z = 2.38 and z
= -1.32?

Reflection:

What have you learned from this topic?

_
_
_
_

References:

Mercado, J.P. et.al. (2016). Next Century Mathematics Grade 11/Grade 12. Statistics and
Probability. Quezon City
Belecina, R.R. et.al. (2016). Statistics and Probability. First Edition. Manila

62
 ANSWER KEY

ACTIVITY 1

1. 0.2257 6. 0.1368
2. 0.4750 7. 0.4834
3. 0.4345 8. 0.3621
4. 0.4906 9. 0.3810
5. 0.3907 10. 0.4978

ACTIVITY 2

1. 0.4131 6. 0.9069
2. 0.4693 7. 0.0869
3. 0.0807 8. 0.9131
4. 0.0562 9. 0.9938
5. 0.9069 10. 0.0307

ACTIVITY 3

1. 0.2784--------27.84%
2. 0.9544--------95.44%
3. 0.7498--------74.98%
4. 0.0735-------- 7.35%
5. 0.8979--------89.79%

63
 STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY 11
Name: Grade Level:
Section: Date:

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

CONVERTS A NORMAL RANDOM VARIABLE TO A STANDARDS NORMAL

VARIABLE AND VICE-VERSA

Background Information for Learners

The standard score or z-score measures how many standard deviations is given value(x)
is above or below the mean. The z-scores are useful in comparing observed values. A positive
z-score indicates that the score or observed value is above the mean, whereas a negative z-
score or observed value is below the mean.
The z-score is found by using the following equations: A.

For Sample

𝑋 − 𝑋̅
𝑍=
𝑠

Where:
Z = standard score
X= raw score or observed value
𝑋̅= sample mean
S = sample standard deviation

B. For Populations:
X −µ
𝑍= σ
Where:
Z = standard score
x= raw score or observed value µ =
population mean
σ = population standard deviation

64
 Example 1.
On a final examination in Mathematics, the mean was 50 and the standard deviation
was 10. Determine the standard score of a student who received a score of s40, assuming that
the scores are normally distributed.
Solution:
𝑋 − 𝑋̅ 40 − 50
𝑍= = = −1
𝑠 10

-1 0
This means that 40 is -1, and the standard deviation is below the mean.

Example 2.
On the third quarter examination in Physics, the population mean was 80 and the
population standard deviation was 8. Determine the standard score of student who got a score
of 92, assuming that the scores are normally distributed.

Solution:
𝑋 − 𝑋̅ 92 − 80
𝑍= = = 1.5
𝑠 8

-1.5 0 1.5

80 92

65
This means that 92 is 1.5 standard deviation above the mean.

Example 3.
Ana scored 80 in a Filipino test and 60 in an English test. Scores in Filipino test have a
mean of 70 and a standard deviation of 8. Scores in English test have a mean of 50 and a
standard deviation of 5. In which subject was her standing better assuming that the scores in her
Filipino and English class are normally distributed?

Solution: For Filipino

𝑋 − 𝑋̅ 80 − 70
𝑍= = = 1.25
𝑠 8

For English
𝑋 − 𝑋̅ 60 − 50
𝑍= = =2
𝑠 5

Her standing in English was better than her standing in Filipino. Her score in Filipino
was 1.25 standard deviation above the mean of the scores in Filipino whereas in English, her
score was 2 standard deviation above the mean of the scores in English.

Example 4.
In a Statistics test, the score is 40 and the standard deviation is 4. Assuming the scores
are normally distributed, what percent of the score is
a. greater than 45?
b. Less than 50?
c. Between 35 and 46?
Solution:
a. 1. Convert the score 45 to z-score.

𝑋 − 𝑋̅ 45 − 40
𝑍= = = 1.25
𝑠 4

66
2. Sketch the normal curve.

A2 = 0.5

A1 A

0 1.25

40 4

Let A = area to the right of z = 1.25

A1 = Area between z = 0 and z = 1.25
A2 = area of the half of the curve

From the table: A1 = 0.3944

A = A2 - A1
= 0.5 – 0.3944
= 0.1056

Hence, 10.56% of the scores is greater than 45.

Learning Competency
Converts a random variable to a standard normal variable and vice versa. (M11/12
SP-IIIc-4).

ACTIVITY 1
Direction:

In a given normal distribution the sample mean is 70 and the sample standard
deviation is 5. Find the corresponding standard score (z) of the following:(1 point
each).
1. 65 6. 56
2. 85 7. 80
3. 69 8. 62
4. 76 9. 59
5. 78 10. 55

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 ACTIVITY 2

Directions: Using the formula for z, find the value of the random variable x in each of the
following:
1. µ = 86, σ = 15, z = 1.6
2. µ = 50, σ = 8, z = 2
3. µ = 53, σ = 6, z = -1.5
4. µ = 68, σ = 4, z = -2.5
5. µ = 70, σ = 10, z = 1.5

ACTIVITY 3

Direction: Solve the following problems:

1. On a final examination in Statistics, the mean was 86 and the standard
deviation is 4. Determine the standard score of the student who received a score of
92 assuming the scores are normally distributed.
2. Ben gets a score of 75 in a Chemistry test and 70 in a Physics test. Scores in a
Chemistry test have a mean of 65 and a standard deviation of 6. Scores in the Physics
test have a mean of 66 and a standard deviation of 2. In which subject is her standing
better assuming that the scores in the two subjects are normally distributed?
3. In a Mathematics test, the mean is 50 and the standard deviation is 5.
Assuming the scores are normally distributed, what percent of the scores is:
a. greater than 55?
b. less than 60?
c. between 40 and 55?

Reflection:

What have you learned from this topic?

_
_
_
_

References:

Mercado, J.P. et.al. (2016). Next Century Mathematics Grade 11/Grade 12. Statistics and
Probability. Quezon City
Belecina, R.R. et.al. (2016). Statistics and Probability. First Edition. Man

68
 ANSWER KEY

ACTIVITY 1

1. z = -1 6. Z = -2.6
2. z=3 7. Z = 2
3. z = -0.2 8. Z = -1.6
4. z = 1.2 9. Z = -2.2
5. z = 1.6 10. Z = -3

ACTIVITY 2
1. X = 110
2. X = 66
3. X = 44
4. X = 58
5. X = 85

ACTIVITY 3

1. The standard score of the student who received a score of 92 is 1.5.

2. The z-sore of Chemistry is 1.67 while the z-sore of Physics is 2. Hence, Ben standing
in Physics is better than in Chemistry because his standard score in Physics is higher
than in Chemistry.
3. a. 15.87% of the scores is greater than 55. b.
92.72% of the scores is less than 60.
c. 81.85% of the scores are between 40 and 55.

69
 STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY 11
Name: Grade Level:
Section: Date:

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

COMPUTES PROBABILITIES AND PERCENTILES USING

THE STANDARD NORMAL CURVE

Background Information for Learners

For any set of measurements, (arranged in ascending or descending order), a percentile

(or a centile) is a point in the distribution such that a given number of cases is below it. A
percentile is a measure of relative standing. It is a descriptive measure of the relationship of a
measurement to the rest of the data.
In the previous lesson we learned how to compute the z- scores based on means
and standard deviations for both sample and population. The resulting z-scores allowed us to
read the corresponding areas (or probabilities) using the standard normal table.

Example 1. Find the 90th percentile of a normal curve.

Solution:
a. Sketch the normal curve

0.9

0.5 0.4

0 z

b. Express the given percentage as a probability.

90% is the same as 0.9000.
c. Split 0.9000 into 0.5000 and 0.4000.
0.9000=0.5000 + 0.4000
d. Locate the area 0.4000 in the z- table.
-The area is not found in the table. It is between the value 0.3997 and 0.4015

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 e. Get the nearest area which is 0.3997.
0.3997 corresponds to z = 1.28.

Hence, the 90th percentile is z = 1.28.

Example 2.
The results of NAT scores in Mathematics are normally distributed with µ = 70 and
𝜎 = 10. What is the percentile rank of a score 75?

Solution:
a. Convert the raw score 75 to z–score

𝑋 − 𝜇 75 − 70
𝑍= = = 0.5
σ 10
b. Z= 0.5 corresponds to the area 0.1915.
c. Sketch the curve.
A

A2 A1

0 0.5
70 75

Let A = area below z = 0.5

A1 = area between z = 0 and z = 0.5
A2 = area of half the curve

From the table:

A1 = 0.1915
A2 = 0.5
A = A1 + A2
= 0.1915 + 0.5
= 0.6915
=69.15%

Hence, the percentile rank of the score 75 in the NAT is 69.15.

71
Example 3.
A certain flashlight battery lasts on the average of 5 years with a standard
deviation of 0.75 years. Assuming that the battery lives and normally distributed, find
the probability that a given battery will last less than 3.5
years?
Solution;
1. Compute for z.

𝑋 − 𝜇 3.5 − 5
𝑍= = = −2
σ 0.75

2. Sketch the normal curve.

A2

A1

A
-2 0

3.5 5

Let A = area below z = -2

A1 = area between z = 0 and z = -2
A2 = area of half the curve

From the table:

A1 = 0.4772
A2 = 0.5
A = A2 - A1
= 0.5 - 0.4772
= 0.0228 or 2.28%

Hence, the probability that a given battery will last less than 3.5 years is
0.0228 or 2.28%.

72
 Learning Competency
Computes probabilities and percentiles using the standard normal
table.(M11/12 SP-IIIc-d-1).

ACTIVITY 1

Directions:

Find each of the following percentile points under the normal curve.(1 point each).

1. P98
2. P80
3. P64
4. P42
5. P30

ACTIVITY 2

Directions: Answer this problem:

The result of an exam in Mathematics has a mean of 60 and a
standard deviation of 8. What is the percentile rank of the following scores. (1 point
each).

1. 70
2. 64
3. 58
4. 52
5. 50
ACTIVITY 3

Directions: Solve the following problems:

1. The mean height of female Grade 11 students in a certain Senior High School
is 160 cm. and the standard deviation is 4. Assuming the heights are normally
distributed, what percent of the heights is less than 164 cm?(3 points)
2. The mean weight of 700 students in a certain High School is 132 pounds and the
standard deviation is 8 pounds. Assuming that the weights are normally
distributed, find the probability that the weight of a certain student is less than 126
pounds.(3 points)
3. Three hundred students participated in a field demonstration. Their heights averaged
156 cm. with a standard deviation of 6 cm.
a. What is the probability that a student, picked at random has a height greater
than 160 cm.?(3 points)
b. What is the probability that the height of the student picked at random, is less
than 150 cm.?(3 points)
c. What is the minimum height of the students who belong to the upper
30% of the group?(3points)

73
Reflection:

What have you learned from this topic?

_
_
_
_

References:

Mercado, J.P. et.al. (2016). Next Century Mathematics Grade 11/Grade 12. Statistics and
Probability. Quezon City
Belecina, R.R. et.al. (2016). Statistics and Probability. First Edition. Manila

Answer Key
ACTIVITY 1
1. Z = 2.05
2. Z = 0.84
3. Z = 0.36
4. Z = -0.2
5. Z = -0.52

ACTIVITY 2
1. 0.8944 or 89.44%
2. 0.6915 or 69.15%
3. 0.4013 or 40.13%
4. 0.1587 or 15.87%
5. 0.1056 or 10.56%

ACTIVITY 3
1. 0.8413 or 84.13%
2. 0.2266 or 22.66%
3. a. 0.2514
b. 0.1587
c. 161 cm.

74