Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 140 views

    Module 5 Gas Power Cycles

    Uploaded by

    Jatskinesis
    This document provides an outline and sample problems for thermodynamic cycles, including the Carnot, Otto, diesel, Rankine, and Rankine cycles with regeneration and reheating. The key cycles covered are: - Carnot, Otto (spark ignition engine), and diesel (compression ignition engine) cycles for internal combustion engines. - Rankine cycle for steam power plants, including examples calculating efficiency and power output. - Variations on the Rankine cycle such as reheating steam and extracting steam for feedwater heating to improve efficiency. Seven sample problems are provided applying concepts like efficiency, work, temperature and pressure calculations to analyze example thermodynamic cycles.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Module 5 Gas Power Cycles

    Uploaded by

    Jatskinesis
    140 views26 pages
    This document provides an outline and sample problems for thermodynamic cycles, including the Carnot, Otto, diesel, Rankine, and Rankine cycles with regeneration and reheating. The key cycles covered are: - Carnot, Otto (spark ignition engine), and diesel (compression ignition engine) cycles for internal combustion engines. - Rankine cycle for steam power plants, including examples calculating efficiency and power output. - Variations on the Rankine cycle such as reheating steam and extracting steam for feedwater heating to improve efficiency. Seven sample problems are provided applying concepts like efficiency, work, temperature and pressure calculations to analyze example thermodynamic cycles.

    Original Title

    Module-5-Gas-Power-Cycles

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document provides an outline and sample problems for thermodynamic cycles, including the Carnot, Otto, diesel, Rankine, and Rankine cycles with regeneration and reheating. The key cycles covered are: - Carnot, Otto (spark ignition engine), and diesel (compression ignition engine) cycles for internal combustion engines. - Rankine cycle for steam power plants, including examples calculating efficiency and power output. - Variations on the Rankine cycle such as reheating steam and extracting steam for feedwater heating to improve efficiency. Seven sample problems are provided applying concepts like efficiency, work, temperature and pressure calculations to analyze example thermodynamic cycles.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    140 views26 pages

    Module 5 Gas Power Cycles

    Uploaded by

    Jatskinesis
    This document provides an outline and sample problems for thermodynamic cycles, including the Carnot, Otto, diesel, Rankine, and Rankine cycles with regeneration and reheating. The key cycles covered are: - Carnot, Otto (spark ignition engine), and diesel (compression ignition engine) cycles for internal combustion engines. - Rankine cycle for steam power plants, including examples calculating efficiency and power output. - Variations on the Rankine cycle such as reheating steam and extracting steam for feedwater heating to improve efficiency. Seven sample problems are provided applying concepts like efficiency, work, temperature and pressure calculations to analyze example thermodynamic cycles.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 26

    MODULE 5

    Thermodynamic Cycles
    Outline
    ■ Review: Carnot Cycle
    ■ Internal Combustion Engines: Otto Cycle,
    Diesel Cycle
    ■ Steam Power Plant: Rankine Cycle
    ■ Rankine Cycle with Reheating
    ■ Rankine Cycle with Regeneration
    Carnot Cycle
    Sample Problem 1
    Gaseous nitrogen actuates a Carnot power
    cycle in which respective volumes at the four
    corners of the cycle, starting at the beginning of
    the isothermal expansion, are V1=10.1L,
    V2=14.53L, V3=226.54L, and V4=157.73L. The
    cycle receives 21.1kJ of heat.
    a. Calculate the work, W
    b. Calculate the mean effective pressure, MEP
    Internal Combustion Engines
    Otto Cycle Diesel Cycle
    1 𝛾
    1 𝑟𝑐
    −1
    𝜂 =1− 𝜂 = 1 − 𝛾−1
    𝑟 𝛾−1 𝛾𝑟 𝑟𝑐 − 1
    Sample Problem 2
    An Otto cycle has a compression ratio of 9.5.
    The air is at 100kPa, 17˚C, and 600cm3 prior
    to the compression stroke. Temperature at the
    end of the isentropic expansion is 800K.
    a. Calculate the highest temperature in the
    cycle
    b. Calculate the thermal efficiency
    c. Calculate the mean effective pressure
    Sample Problem 3
    An ideal Diesel engine uses air initially at 20˚C
    and 90kPa at the beginning of the compression
    process. If the compression ratio is 15 and the
    maximum temperature in the cycle is 2000˚C,
    determine the following:
    a. cut-off ratio
    b. net work produced
    c. mean effective pressure
    The Rankine Cycle
    Sample Problem 4
    In a Rankine cycle, steam at 6.89 MPa and 516˚C enters
    the turbine with an initial velocity of 30.48 m/s and leaves
    at 20.68 kPa with a velocity of 91.44 m/s. Mass flow rate
    of the steam is 136078 kg/hr. At 6.89 MPa and 516˚C, H =
    3451.16 kJ/kg and S = 6.86 kJ/kg-K. At 20.68 kPa, HV =
    2610.21 kJ/kg, HL = 254.43 kJ/kg, SV = 7.9 kJ/kg-K, SL =
    0.841 kJ/kg-K, VV = 7.41 m3/kg, and VL = 1.02x10-3 m3/kg.
    a. Compute the thermal efficiency of the cycle.
    b. What is the net power produced in hp?
    Sample Problem 5
    Determine the efficiency of a Rankine cycle
    using steam as the working fluid in which the
    condenser pressure is 10kPa. The boiler
    pressure is 2MPa. The steam leaves the boiler
    as saturated vapor.
    Sample Problem 6
    Determine the efficiency of a Rankine cycle
    using steam as the working fluid in which the
    condenser pressure is 10kPa. The boiler
    pressure is 2MPa and the steam entering the
    turbine is at 400˚C.
    Sample Problem 7
    Steam generated in a power plant at a pressure of 8600kPa and a
    temperature of 500˚C is fed to a turbine. Exhaust from the turbine
    enters a condenser at 10kPa, where it is condensed to saturated
    liquid, which is then pumped to the boiler.
    a. What is the thermal efficiency of a Rankine cycle operating at
    these conditions?
    b. What is the thermal efficiency of a practical cycle operating at
    these conditions if the turbine efficiency and pump efficiency
    are both 0.75?
    c. If the rating of the practical power cycle is 80,000kW, what is
    the steam rate?
    Rankine Cycle with Reheating
    Sample Problem 8
    Consider a reheat cycle utilizing steam. Steam
    leaves the boiler and enters the turbine at
    4MPa, 400˚C. After expansion in the turbine to
    400kPa, the steam is reheated to 400˚C and
    then expanded in the low-pressure turbine to
    10kPa. Determine the cycle efficiency.
    Rankine Cycle with Regeneration
    Sample Problem 9
    Consider a regenerative cycle using steam as the
    working fluid. Steam leaves the boiler and enters the
    turbine at 4MPa, 400˚C. After expansion to 400kPa,
    some of the steam is extracted from the turbine to
    heat the feedwater in an open FWH. The pressure in
    the FWH is 400kPa, and the water leaving it is
    saturated liquid at 400kPa. The steam not extracted
    expands to 10kPa. Determine the cycle efficiency.

    You might also like