SEMESTER I

Course Title Calculus-I

Course Code MTH-104
Credit Hours 4(4-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

Calculus serves as the foundation of advanced subjects in all areas of mathematics. This is the
first course of Calculus. The objective of this course is to introduce students to the fundamental
concepts of limit, continuity, differential and integral calculus of functions of one variable.

THEORY:

Lines and systems of equations, Nonlinear systems: at least one quadratic equation.
Limits and continuity: Functions, limit of a function. Graphical approach. Properties of limits.
Theorems of limits. Limits of polynomials, rational and transcendental functions. Limits at
infinity, infinite limits, one-sided limits. Continuity.
Derivatives. Definition, techniques of differentiation. Derivatives of polynomials and rational,
exponential, logarithmic and trigonometric functions. The chain rule. Implicit differentiation.
Rates of change in natural and social sciences. Related rates. Linear approximations and
differentials. Higher derivatives, Leibnitz's theorem. Applications of derivatives: Increasing and
decreasing functions. Relative extrema and optimization. First derivative test for relative
extrema. Convexity and point of inflection. The second derivative test for extrema. Curve
sketching. Mean value theorems. Indeterminate forms and Hospital’s rule. Inverse functions
and their derivatives. Integration: Anti derivatives and integrals. Riemann sums and the definite
integral. Properties of Integral. The fundamental theorem of calculus. The substitution rules.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. A. Kaseberg. 2004. Intermediate Algebra. 3rd Edition. Thomson-Brooks/Cole.

2. F. A. Jr., E. Mendelson, Schaum’s Outline of Calculus. Latest Edition. McGraw Hill
Inc.
3. G. B. Thomas Jr., M. D. Weir, J. R. Hass, F. R. Giordano. Thomas’s Calculus. Latest
Edition. Pearson Education.
4. H. Anton, I. Bivens, S. Davis. Calculus. Latest Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
5. M. Liebeck. 2011. A Concise Introduction To Pure Mathematics, 3rd Edition. CRC
Press.
SEMESTER II

Course Title Calculus-II

Course Code MTH- 105
Credit Hours 4(4-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

This is second course of Calculus. As continuation of Calculus I, it focuses on techniques of

integration and applications of integrals. The course also aims at introducing the students to
infinite series, parametric curves and polar coordinates.

THEORY:

Techniques of integration: Integrals of elementary, hyperbolic, trigonometric, logarithmic and

exponential functions. Integration byparts, substitution and partial fractions. Approximate
integration.Improper integrals. Gamma functions.
Applications of integrals: Area between curves, average value. Volumes. Arc length. Area of a
surface of revolution.Applications toEconomics, Physics, Engineering and Biology.
Infinite series: Sequences and series. Convergence and absolute convergence. Tests for
convergence: divergence test, integral test, pseries test, comparison test, limit comparison test,
alternating series test, ratio test, root test. Power series. Convergence of power series.
Representation of functions as power series. Differentiation and integration of power series.
Taylor and McLaurin series.
Approximations by Taylor polynomials. Conic section, parameterized curves and polar
coordinates. Curves defined by parametric equations. Calculus with parametric curves:
tangents, areas, arc length. Polar coordinates. Polar curves, tangents to polar curves. Areas and
arc length in polar coordinates.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. A. Kaseberg. 2004. Intermediate Algebra. 3rd Edition. Thomson-Brooks/Cole.

2. F. A. Jr., E. Mendelson, Schaum’s Outline of Calculus. Latest Edition. McGraw Hill
Inc.
3. G. B. Thomas Jr., M. D. Weir, J. R. Hass, F. R. Giordano. Thomas’s Calculus. Latest
Edition. Pearson Education.
4. H. Anton, I. Bivens, S. Davis. Calculus. Latest Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
5. M. Liebeck. 2011. A Concise Introduction To Pure Mathematics, 3rd Edition. CRC
Press.
SEMESTER III

Course Title Calculus-III

Course Code MTH- 206
Credit Hours 4(4-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

This is third course of Calculus and builds up on the concepts learned in first two courses. The
students would be introduced to the vector calculus, the calculus of multivariable functions and
double and triple integrals along with their applications.

THEORY:

Vectors and analytic geometry in space, Vector-valued functions: Vector-valued functions and
space curves. Derivatives and integrals of vector valued functions. Arc length. Curvature,
normal and binormal vectors.
Multivariable functions and partial derivatives: Functions of several variables. Limits and
Continuity. Partial derivatives, Composition and chain rule. Directional derivatives and the
gradient vector. Implicit function theorem for several variables. Maximum and minimum
values. Optimization problems. Lagrange Multipliers.
Multiple integrals: Double integrals over rectangular domains and iterated integrals. Non-
rectangular domains. Double integrals in polar coordinates. Triple integrals in rectangular,
cylindrical and spherical coordinates. Applications of double and triple integrals. Change of
variables in multiple integrals.
Vector calculus: Vector fields. Line integrals. Green's theorem. Curl and divergence. Surface
integrals over scalar and vector fields. Divergence theorem. Stokes' theorem.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. A. Kaseberg. 2004. Intermediate Algebra. 3rd Edition. Thomson-Brooks/Cole.

2. F. A. Jr., E. Mendelson, Schaum’s Outline of Calculus. Latest Edition. McGraw Hill
Inc.
3. G. B. Thomas Jr., M. D. Weir, J. R. Hass, F. R. Giordano. Thomas’s Calculus. Latest
Edition. Pearson Education.
4. H. Anton, I. Bivens, S. Davis. Calculus. Latest Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
5. M. Liebeck. 2011. A Concise Introduction To Pure Mathematics, 3rd Edition. CRC
Press.
Course Title: Ordinary Differential Equations
Course Code: MTH- 241
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

To introduce students to the formulation, classification of differential equations and existence

and uniqueness of solutions. To provide skill in solving initial value and boundary value
problems. To develop understanding and skill in solving first and second order linear
homogeneous and nonhomogeneous differential equations and solving differential equations
using power series methods.

THEORY:

Introduction and formulation of differential equations. First order ordinary differential

equations: formation and solution of differential equations, Separable variables, Exact
Equations, Homogeneous Equations, Linear equations, integrating factors. Some non-linear
first order equations with known solution, differential equations of Bernoulli and Ricaati type,
Clairaut equation, Modeling with firt order ODEs, Basic theory of systems of first order linear
equations, Homogeneous linear system with constant coefficients, Non homogeneous linear
system. Second and higher order linear differential equations: Initial value and boundary value
problem, Homogeneous and non- homogeneous equations, Superposition principal,
Homogeneous Equations with constant coefficient, Linear independence and Wronskian, Non-
homogeneous Equations, undetermined coefficients method, variation of parameters, Cauchy-
Euler equation, Modeling.
Sturm-Liouville problems: Introduction to Eigen value problem, adjoint and self adjoint
operators, self adjoint differential equations, Eigen value and Eigen functions, Sturm-Liouville
(S-L) boundary value problems, regular and singular S-L problems, properties of regular S-L
problems.
Series Solutions: Power series, ordinary and singular points, Existence of power series
solutions, power series solution, types of singular points, Frobenius theorem,

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. D. G. Zill, M. R. Cullin, 2009. Differential Equations With Boundary Value Problems.

7th Edition. Brooks/Cole.
2. T. M. Apostol, 2014. Calculus (Volume 2: Multi-Variable Calculus and Linear Algebra,
with Applications to Differential Equations and Probability). 2nd Edition. John Wiley &
Sons.
3. W. E. Boyce, R. C. Diprima, 2001. Elementary Differential Equations and Boundary
Value Problems. 7th Edition. John Wiley & Sons. Inc.
Course Title Elements of Set Theory and Mathematical Logic
Course Code MTH- 211
Credit Hours 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

Everything mathematicians do can be reduced to statements about sets, equality and

membership which are basics of set theory. This course introduces these basic concepts. The
course aims at familiarizing the students with cardinals, relations and fundamentals of
propositional and predicate logics.

THEORY:

Set theory: Sets, subsets, operations with sets: union, intersection, difference, symmetric
difference, Cartesian product and disjoint union.
Functions: graph of a function. Composition; injections, surjections, bijections, inverse
function.
Computing cardinals: Cardinality of Cartesian product, union. Cardinality of all functions from
a set to another set. Cardinality of all injective, surjective and bijective functions from a set to
another set. Infinite sets, finite sets. Countable sets, properties, examples (Z, Q). R is not
countable. R, RxR, RxRxR have the same cardinal. Operations with cardinal numbers. Cantor-
Bernstein theorem.
Relations: Equivalence relations, partitions, quotient set; examples, parallelism, similarity of
triangles. Order relations, min, max, inf, sup; linear order. Examples: N, Z, R, P(A). Well-
ordered sets and induction. Inductively ordered sets and Zorn’s lemma.
Mathematical logic: Propositional Calculus. Truth tables. Predicate Calculus.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. D. Smith, M. Eggen, R. S. Andre. 2001. A Transition to Advanced Mathematics. 7th

Edition. Brooks/Cole.
2. M. Liebeck. 2011. A Concise Introduction to Pure Mathematics. 3rd Edition. CRC Press.
3. N. L. Biggs. 2002. Discrete Mathematics, 2nd Edition. Oxford University Press.
4. P. R. Halmos, Naive Set Theory, New York, Van Nostrand.
5. R. Garnier, J. Taylor. 2010. Discrete Mathematics. 3rd Edition. CRC Press.
Course Title: Discrete Mathematics
Course Code: MTH- 212
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

Discrete Mathematics is study of distinct, un-related topics of mathematics; it embraces topics

from early stages of mathematical development and recent additions to the discipline as well.
The present course restricts only to counting methods, relations and graphs. The objective of the
course is to inculcate in the students the skills that are necessary for decision making in non-
continuous situations.

THEORY:

Counting methods: Basic methods: Product, inclusion-exclusion formulae , Permutations and

combinations, Recurrence relations and their solutions , Generating functions , Double
counting, Applications, Pigeonhole principle , Applications. Relations: Binary relations, n-ary
relations, Closures of relations , Compositions of relations Inverse relations. Graphs: Graph
terminology, Representation of Graphs, Graphs isomorphism, Algebraic methods: the incidence
matrix , connectivity , Eulerian and Hamiltonian paths , Shortest path problem , Trees and
spanning trees Complete graphs and bivalent graphs.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. A. Tucker. 2002. Applied Combinatorics. John Wiley & sons. Inc. New York.

2. B. Kolman, R. C. Busby , S. C. Ross, 2008. Discrete Mathematical Structures. 5th

Edition. Prentice-Hall of India , New Delhi.

3. K. H. Rosen, 2007. Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications, 6th Edition. McGraw-
Hill.

4. K.A. Ross, C. R. B. Wright. 2003. Discrete Mathematics, Prentice Hall, New Jersey.

5. N. L. Biggs. 2002. Discrete Mathematics, 2nd Edition. Oxford University Press.

6. R. Diestel, 2010. Graph Theory. 4th Edition . Springer-Verlag . New York.

Course Title: Linear Algebra
Course Code: MTH- 231
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

Linear algebra is the study of vector spaces and linear transformations. The main objective of this
course is to help students learn in rigorous manner, the tools and methods essential for studying
the solution spaces of problems in mathematics, engineering, the natural sciences, and social
sciences and develop mathematical skills needed to apply these to the problems arising within
their field of study; and to various real-world problems.

THEORY:

System of Linear Equations, Gauss-Jordan method , Gaussian elimination.

Determinants: Permutations of order two and three and definitions of determinants of the same
order , Computing of determinants, Definition of higher order determinants , Properties ,
Expansion of determinants
Vector Spaces: Definition and examples , subspaces , Linear combination and spanning set ,
Linearly independent set , Finitely generated vector spaces , Bases and dimension of a vector
space, Operations on subspaces , Intersections , sums and direct sums of subspaces , Quotient
spaces.
Linear Mappings: Definitions and examples , Kernel and image of a linear mapping , Rank and
nullity Reflections , Projections and homotheties , Change of basis , Eigen values and Eigen
vectors , Theorem of Hamilton-Cayley.
Inner Product Spaces: Definitions and examples , Properties , Projection , Cauchy inequality ,
Orthogonal and Orthonormal basis , Gram-Schmidt Process , Diagonalization.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. D. Dummit, R. M. Foote, 2003. Abstract Algebra. 3rd Edition. Wiley.

2. H. Anton, C. Rorres. 2010. Elementary Linear Algebra : Applications Version. 10th
Edition. John Wiley & Sons.
3. T. M. Apostol, 2014. Calculus (Volume 2: Multi-Variable Calculus and Linear Algebra,
with Applications to Differential Equations and Probability). 2nd Edition. John Wiley &
Sons.
4. S. Lang, 2004. Linear Algebra. 3rd Edition. Springer-Verlag.
5. S. Friedberg, A. Insel . 2003. Linear Algebra, 4th Edition. Pearson Education. Canada
SEMESTER IV

Course Title: Affine and Euclidean Geometry

Course Code: MTH- 261
Credit Hours: 4(4-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

To familiarize mathematics students with the axiomatic approach to geometry from a logical,
historical, and pedagogical point of view and introduce them with the basic concepts of Affine
Geometry, Affine spaces and Platonic Ployhedra.

THEORY:

Vector Spaces and Affine Geometry: Co linearity of three points , ratio AB/BC , Linear
combinations and linear dependent set versus affine combinations and affine dependent sets ,
Classical theorems in affine geometry : Thales , Menelaus , Ceva , Desargues , Affine
subspaces , affine maps , Dimension of a linear subspace and of an affine subspace .
Euclidean Geometry: Scalar product , Cauchy-Schwartz inequality : norm of a vector , distance
between two points, angles between two non-zero vectors , Pythagoras theorem , parallelogram
law , cosine and sine rules , Elementary geometric loci .Orthogonal Transformations :Isometries
of plane (four types), Isometries of space (six types) , Orthogonal basis. Platonic polyhedral
:Euler theorem on finite planar graphs , Classification of regular polyhedra in space Isometries
of regular polygons and regular polyhedra .

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. E. G. Rees. 2004. Notes on Geometry. Springer.

2. H. W. Eves , Fundamentals of Modern Elementary Geometry, Jones and Bartlett
Publishers
3. M. A. Armstrong, Groups and Symmetry, Springer

S. Stahl, 2007. A Gateway to Modern Geometry: The Poincare Half-Plane. 2nd Edition.
Jones and Bartlett International Publishers. Inc. United States
SEMESTER IV

Course Title: Topology

Course Code: MTH-251
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The aim of this course is to introduce the students to metric spaces and topological spaces. After
completion of this course, they would be familiar with separation axioms, compactness and
completeness. They would be able to determine whether a function defined on a metric or
topological space is continuous or not and what homeomorphisms are.

THEORY:

Review of metric spaces. Topological spaces: Examples; open and closed subsets,
neighborhoods. Examples. Limit points and accumulation points. Interior, closure, dense
subsets.Constructing new topological spaces: Cartesian products, induced topology and quotient
topology.Continuous maps, open and closed maps, homeomorphisms.Examples: R, RxR, S^1,
S^2, torus, cylinder. Cauchy sequences,complete metric spaces. Separation axioms. Compact
spaces.Properties. Power of Compactness. Image of a compact set through a continuous map.
Compactness and completeness of metric spaces.Connected spaces, connected components.
Properties. Image of a connected set through a continuous map. Path-connectedness.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. G. F. Simmons. 2004. Introduction to Topology and Modern Analysis. Edition 9th.

McGraw- Hill.
2. J. Kelly. 2005. General Topology. Edition Ist. Springer.
3. J. G. Hocking, G. S. Young. 2012.Topology. Edition 5th. Dover Publications.
4. J. R. Munkres. 2000.Topology-A First Course, Edition 2nd. Prentice-Hall
5. S. Lipschutz .2004. General Topology. Edition Ist. McGraw-Hill.
SEMESTER V

Course Title: Real Analysis I

Course Code: MTH-321
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

This is the first course in analysis. It develops the fundamental ideas of analysis and is aimed at
developing the students’ ability in reading and writing mathematical proofs. Another objective is
to provide sound understanding of the axiomatic
foundations of the real number system, in particular the notions of completeness and
compactness.

THEORY:

Algebraic and ordered properties of Real Numbers, Absolute values,Inequalities (Cauchy’s,

Minkoski’s, Bernoulli’s) Properties and concepts of supremum and infimum, Ordered sets,
Fields, Field of Real, The extended real number system, Euclidean spaces, Sequences,
Subsequences, Cauchy sequence,Series of Numbers and their convergence. The Comparison,
Root, Ratio and Integral tests.Absolute and Conditional convergence of infinite series.Limits and
Continuity.Properties of continuous functions.Types of discontinuities. Differentiable
functions.Mean-value theorems, Continuity of derivatives. Partial Derivatives and
Differentiability. Derivative and differentials of Composite functions. The Directional
Derivative, the Laplacian in polar cylindrical and Spherical coordinates.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. R .G. Bartle, D. R. Sherbert. 2000. Introduction to Real Analysis. Edition 5th. John
Wiley New York.
2. T. M. Apostol. Mathematical Analysis. Latest Edition. Addison-Wesley Publishing
Company.
3. W. Kaplan. 2002. Advance Calculus. Edition 5th. Published by Pearson Education.
4. W.Rudin. 2013. Principles of Mathematics Analysis. Edition 3rd. McGraw-Hill. New
York.
Course Title Complex Analysis I
Course Code MTH- 323
Credit Hours 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

This is an introductory course in complex analysis, giving the basics of the theory along with
applications, with an emphasis on applications of complex analysis and especially conformal
mappings. Students should have a background in real analysis (as in the course Real Analysis- I),
including the ability to write a simple proof in an analysis context.

THEORY:

The Concept of Analytic Functions: Complex numbers, complex planes, complex functions,
Analytic functions, entire functions, Harmonic functions, Elementary functions: complex
exponential, logarithmic and hyperbolic functions. Infinite Series: Power series, derived series,
radius of convergence, Taylor series and Laurent series. Conformal Representation:
Transformation, conformal transformation, linear transformation, Möbius transformations.
Complex Integration: Complex integrals, Cauchy-Goursat theorem, Cauchy’s integral formula
and their consequences, Liouville’s theorem, Morera’s theorem, Derivative of an analytic
function.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. D. G. Zill and P. D. Shanahan. 2003. Complex Analysis. Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
2. H. S. Kasana 2005. Complex Variables: Theory and Applications. Prentice Hall.
3. J. W. Brown and R. V. Churchill. 2004. Complex Variables and Applications, 7th
edition. McGraw Hill Company.
4. M. R. Spiegel 1974. Complex Variables. McGraw Hill Book Company.
Louis L. Pennisi. 1976. Elements of Complex Variables. Holt, Linehart and Winston.
Course Title Algebra I
Course Code MTH-332
Credit Hours 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

This course introduces basic concepts of groups and their homomorphisms. The main objective
of this course is to prepare students for courses which require a good back ground in group theory
like Rings and Modules, Linear Algebra, Group Representation, Galois Theory etc.

THEORY:

Review of Groups. Complexes and coset decomposition of groups, normalize centralizer. The
center of a group. Equivalence relation in a group, Conjugacy classes, double cosets. normal
subgroups, quotient group.
Group homomorphisms: Homomorphisms, isomorphism and automorphism. Kernel and image
of homomorphism. Isomorphism theorems. commutator subgroups of a group. permutation
groups. The cyclic decomposition of permutation group. Cayley’s theorem. Sylow Theorems:
Cauchy’s theorem for Abelian and non-Abelian group, Sylow theorems.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. D. S. Dummit, R. M. Foote. 2004. Abstract Algebra, Edition 3rd. Addison-Wesley

Publishing Company.

2. J. S. Rose. 2012. A Course on Group Theory. Revised edition. Dover Publications.

3. J. B. Fraleigh. 2002. A First Course in Abstract Algebra, Edition 7th. Addison-Wesley

4. Publishing company.

5. P. M. Cohn . 2000. Algebra. Edition 2nd. John Wiley and Sons. London.
Course Title: Differential Geometry
Course Code: MTH-352
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

After having completed this course, the students would be expected to understand classical
concepts in the local theory of curves and surfaces including normal, principal,mean, curvature,
and geodesics. They will also learn about tensors of different ranks.

THEORY:

Theory of Space Curves: Introduction, index notation and summation convention. Space curves,
arc length, tangent, normal and binormal.Osculating, normal and rectifying planes.Curvature and
torsion.The Frenet-Serret theorem.Natural equation of a curve. Involutes and evolutes, helices.
Fundamental existence theorem of space curves.
Theory of Surfaces: Coordinate transformation. Tangent plane and surface normal.The first
fundamental form and the metric tensor.The second fundamental form. Principal, Gaussian,
mean, geodesic and normal curvatures. Gauss and Weingarten equations.Gauss and Codazzi
equations.
Tensor Analysis: Einstein summation convention. Tensors of different ranks.Contravariant,
covariant and mixed tensors. Addition,
subtraction, inner and outer products of tensors. Contraction theorem,
quotient law. The line element and metric tensor.Christoffel symbols.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. A. N. Pressley. 2010. Elementry Differential Geometry. Edition 2nd, Springer.

2. A. W. Joshi. Matrices and Tensors in Physics. Edition Latest.Wiley Eastern Limited.
1. 3 . D. Somasundaram. 2005. Differential Geometry, Narosa Publishing House, New
Delhi
3. E. Kreyszig. 2002.Differential Geometry, Edition Ist. Dover.
4. M. M. Lipschutz.Schaum’s Outline of Differential Geometry. Latest Edition. McGraw
Hill.
 Course Title Vector and Tensor Analysis
Course Code MTH- 381
Credit Hours 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The aim of this course is to introduce the vectors and tensor analysis which is useful for advance
courses.

THEORY:

3-D vectors, summation convention, kronecker delta, Levi-Civita symbol, vectors as quantities
transforming under rotations with ∈𝑖𝑗𝑘 notation, scalar- and vector- triple products, scalar- and
vector-point functions, differentiation and integration of vectors, line integrals, path
independence, surface integrals, volume integrals, gradient, divergence and curl with physical
significance and applications, vector identities, Green’s theorem in a plane, divergence theorem,
Stokes’s theorem, coordinate systems and their bases, the spherical-polar- and the cylindrical-
coordinate meshes, tensors of first, second and higher orders, algebra of tensors, contraction of
tensor, quotient theorem, symmetric and skew-symmetric tensors, invariance property,
application of tensors in modeling anisotropic systems, study of physical tensors (moment of
inertia, index of refraction, etc.), diagonalization of inertia tensor as aligning coordinate frame
with natural symmetries of the system

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. D. E. Bourne, P. C. Kendall, Vector Analysis and Cartesian Tensors. Edition Latest.

Thomas Nelson.
2. G. D. Smith. 2000. Vector Analysis. Edition Latest. Oxford University Press.
3. N. A. Shah, 2005. Vector and Tensor Analysis. Edition Latest. A-One Publishers. Lahore
4. K. A. Stroud, 2003. Advanced Engineering Mathematics. Fourth Edition. Palgrave
Macmillan
SEMESTER VI

Course Title: Real Analysis II

Course Code: MTH-322
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

A continuation of Real Analysis I, this course will continue to cover the fundamentals of real
analysis,concentrating on the Riemann-Stieltjes integrals, Functions of Bounded Variation,
Improper Integrals, and convergence of series.

THEORY:

The Riemann - Stieltjes (R-S) Integrals.Properties of R-S integrals. Functions of bounded

variations. Point wise and uniform convergence of sequences and series of functions,
Weierstrass M-Test, Uniform convergence and continuity. Uniform Convergence and
differentiation, Uniform Convergence and integration. Convergence of improper integrals.Beta
and Gamma functions and their properties. Implicit functions, Jacobians, Functional
dependence. Taylor’s theorem for a function of two variables.Maxmima and minima of
functions of two and three variables.Method of Lagrange Mulitipliers.

RECOMMENDED BOOK:

1. R .G. Bartle, D.R.Sherbert. 2000. Introduction to Real Analysis.Edition 5th, John Wiley
New York.
2. T. M. Apostol. Mathematical Analysis. Latest Edition. Addison-Wesley Publishing
Company.
3. W. Kaplan. 2002. Advance Calculus .Edition 5th. Pearson Education.
4. W. Rudin. 2013. Principles of Mathematics Analysis. Edition 3rd, McGraw-Hill New
York.
Course Title: Complex Analysis II
Course Code: MTH-324
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The course unit aims to introduce the ideas of complex analysis with particular emphasis on
Cauchy’s theorem and the calculus of residues. Students should have a background in complex
analysis (as in the course Complex Analysis- I), including the ability to write a simple proof in
an analysis context.

THEORY:
Singularity and Poles: Review of Laurent series, zeros, singularities,Poles and residues.
Contour Integration: Cauchy’s residue theorem, applications of Cauchy’s residue theorem.
Expansion of Functions and Analytic Continuation: Mittag-Leffler theorem, Weierstrass’s
factorization theorem, analytic continuation. Elliptic Functions: Periodic functions, Elliptic
functions and its properties, Weierstrass function  ( z ) , differential equation satisfied by  ( z ) ,
integral formula for  ( z ) , addition theorem for  ( z ) , duplication formula for  ( z ) , Elliptic
functions in terms of Weierstrass function with the same periods, Quasi periodic functions: The
zeta and sigma functions of Weierstrass, Jacobian elliptic functions and its properties.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. H. S. Kasana. 2005. Complex Variables: Theory and Applications. Prentice Hall.

2. M. R. Spiegel. 1974. Complex Variables. McGraw Hill Book Company.
3. Louis L. Pennisi. 1976. Elements of Complex Variables. Holt, Linehart and Winston.
4. W. Kaplan 1966. Introduction to Analytic Functions. Addison-Wesley.
5. E. D. Rainville. 1965. Special Functions. The Macmillan Company, New York.
6. E. T. Whittaker and G. N. Watson. 1958. A Course of Modern Analysis. Cambridge
University
Press.
Course Title: Functional Analysis
Course Code: MTH-325
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

This course extends methods oflinear algebra and analysis to spaces of functions, in which
theinteraction between algebra and analysis allows powerful methods tobe developed. The course
will be mathematically sophisticated and willuse ideasboth from linear algebra and analysis.

THEORY:

Metric Space: Review of metric spaces, Convergence in metric spaces, Complete metric
spaces, Dense sets and separable spaces, No-where dense sets, Baire category theorem. Normed
Spaces: Normed linear spaces, Banach spaces, Equivalent norms, Linear operator, Finite
dimensional normed spaces, Continuous and bounded linear operators, Dual spaces. Inner
Product Spaces: Definition and examples, Orthonormal sets and bases, Annihilators, projections,
Linear functionals on Hilbert spaces. Reflexivity of Hilbert spaces.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. A. V. Balakrishnan. 2000. Applied Functional Analysis. Edition 2nd. Springer-Verlag,

Berlin.

2. E. Kreyszig. 2004. Introduction to Functional Analysis with Applications. Latest Edition.

John Wiley and Sons.

3. J. B. Conway. 2000. A Course in Functional Analysis. Edition 2nd. Springer-Verlag,

Berlin.

4. K. Yosida. Functional Analysis. Edition 5th. Springer-Verlag. Berlin.

Course Title: Algebra II
Course Code: MTH-333
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

This is a course in advanced abstract algebra, which builds on the concepts learnt in Algebra I.
The objectives of the course are to introduce students to the basic ideas and methods of modern
algebra and enable them to understand the idea of a ring and an integral domain, and be aware of
examples of these structures in mathematics; appreciate and be able to prove the basic results of
ring theory; appreciate the significance of unique factorization in rings and integral domains.

THEORY:

Rings: Definition, examples. Quadratic integer rings. Examples of non-commutative rings.The

Hamilton quaternions. Polynomial rings. Matrix rings. Units, zero-divisors.Nilpotent,
idempotent.Subrings, ideals.Maximal and prime ideals Left, right and two-sided ideals;
Operations with ideals. The ideal generated by sets. Quotient rings. Ring homomorphism. The
isomorphism theorems, applications. Finitely generated ideals. Rings of fractions.Integral
Domain: The Chinese remainder theorem. Divisibility in integral domains, Greatest common
divisor, least common multiple. Euclidean domains. The Euclidean algorithm.Principal ideal
domains.Prime and irreducible elements in an integral domain.Gauss lemma, irreducibility
criteria for polynomials.Unique factorization domains. Finite fields. Polynomials in several
variables. Symmetric polynomials. The fundamental theorem of symmetric polynomials.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. D.S. Dummit, R.M. Foote 2004. Abstract Algebra. Edition 3rd. Addison-Wesley
Publishing Company.
2. J. B. Fraleigh. 2002. A First Course in Abstract Algebra. Edition Latest. Addison
Wesley Publishing Company.
3. P. M. Cohn. 2000. Algebra, Edition 2nd. John Wiley and Sons. London.
SEMESTER VI

Course Title: Partial Differential Equations

Course Code: MTH- 342
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) are at the heart of applied mathematics and many other
scientific disciplines. The course aims at developing understanding about fundamental concepts
of PDEs theory, identification and classification of their different types, how they arise in
applications, and analytical methods for solving them. Special emphasis would be on wave,
heat and Laplace equations.

THEORY:
Pre-Requisite: Ordinary Differential Equations Introduction, Review of ordinary differential
equation in more than one variables, Linear partial differential equations (PDEs) of the first
order, Cauchy’s problem for quasilinear first order PDEs. PDEs of Second Order: PDEs of
second order in two independent variables with variable coefficients, Linear transformation
from one equation to another equation, Normal form, Cauchy’s problem for second order PDEs
in two independent variables. Adjoint Equation: Adjoint operator, Self adjoint equation and
operator Linear PDEs in n independent variables, Lagrange’s identity, Green’s theorem for self
adjoint operator. Boundary Value Problems: Laplace equation, Dirichlet problem for a circle,
Poisson’s integral for a circle, Solution of Laplace equation in Cartesian, cylindrical and
spherical coordinates, The wave equation in one dimension, The wave equation in higher
dimensions, The heat equation, Axially symmetric solutions

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. I. N. Sneddon, Elements of Partial Differential Equations (Dover Publishing, Inc., 2006)

2. R. Dennemyer, Introduction to Partial Differential Equations and Boundary Value
Problems (McGraw Hill Book Company, 1968)
3. M. Humi and W. B. Miller, Boundary Value Problem and Partial Differential
Equations(PWS-Kent Publishing Company, Boston, 1991)
4. C. R. Chester, Techniques in Partial Differential Equations (McGraw Hill Book
Company, 1971)
5. R. Haberman, Elementary Applied Partial Differential Equations, 2nd edition (Prentice
Hall Inc., New Jersey, 1987)
6. E. Zauderer, Partial Differential Equations of Applied Mathematics (Wiley-Interscience,
Englewood Cliff, New York, 2006
Course Title: Classical Mechanics
Course Code: MTH-382
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

To provide solid understanding of classical mechanics and enable the students to use this
understanding while studying courses on quantum mechanics, statistical mechanics,
electromagnetism, fluid dynamics, space-flight dynamics, astrodynamics and continuum
mechanics.

THEORY:

Kinematics. Kinetics: Work, power, kinetic energy, conservative force fields. Conservation of
energy, impulse, torque, Conservation of linear and angular momentum. Non-conservative
forces. Simple Harmonic Motion: The simple harmonic oscillator, period, frequency. Resonance
and energy. The damped harmonic oscillator, over damped, critically damped and under damped
Motion, forces and vibrations.
Central Forces and Planetary Motion: Central force fields, equations of motion, potential energy,
orbits Kepler’s law of planetary motion. Apsides and apsidal angles for nearly circular orbits.
Motion in an inverse square field.
Planer Motion of Rigid Bodies: Introduction to rigid and elastic bodies, degree of freedom,
translations, rotations, instantaneous axis and center of rotation, motion of center of mass. Euler’s
theorem and Chasles’ theorem. Rotation of a rigid body about a fixed axis, moments and products
of inertia. Parallel and perpendicular axis theorem.
Motion of Rigid Bodies in Three Dimensions: General motion of rigid bodies in space. The
momental ellipsoid and equimomental systems. Angular momentum vector and rotational kinetic
energy.Principal axes and principal moments of inertia. Determination of principal axes by
diagonalizing the inertia matrix.Euler Equations of Motion of a Rigid Body: Force free motion.
Free rotation of a rigid body with an axis of symmetry. Free rotation of a rigid body with three
different principal moments.The Eulerian angles, angular velocity and kinetic energy in terms of
Euler angles. Motion of a spinning top and gyroscopes-steady precession, sleeping top.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. C. F. Chorlton. 2004, Text Book of Dynamics. Edition 2nd. CBS Publishers.

2. E. DiBenedetto. 2011. Classical Mechanics: Theory and Mathematical Modeling.
Edition Latest. Birkhauser Boston.
3. G. R. Fowles, G. L. Cassiday. 2005. Analytical Mechanics. Edition 5th.Thomson
Brooks/Cole, USA.
4. John R. Taylor. 2005. Classical Mechanics. Edition Latest. University of Colorado.
5. M. R. Spiegel. 2004. Theoretical Mechanics. Edition 3rd. Addison-Wesley Publishing
Company
SEMESTER VII

Course Title: Number Theory

Course Code: MTH-453
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The focus of the course is on study of the fundamental properties of integers and develops
ability to prove basic theorems. The specific objectives include study of division algorithm,
prime numbers and their distributions, Diophantine equations, and the theory of congruences.

THEORY:

Preliminaries: Well-ordering principle of finite induction. Divisibility theory: The division

algorithms. Basis representation theorem. Prime and composite numbers. Canonial
decomposition. The greatest common divisor.The Euclidean algorithm. The Fundamental
theorem of arithmetic. Latest common multiple. Linear Diophantine equations: congruences.
Linear congruences. System of linear congruences. The Chinese remainder theorem.
Divisibility tests. Solving polynomial congruences. Fermat’s and Euler’s theorems. Wilson’s
theorem. Arithmetic Functions: Euler’s phi-function. The function of J and Sigma.The Mobius
function.The sieve of Eratosthenes. Perfect numbers. Fermat and Mersenne primes.
Primitive Roots and indices: The order of intger mod n. Primitive roots for primes. Composite
numbers having primitive roots. Quadratic residues: Legendre symbols and its properties. The
quadratic reciprocity law.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. A. Adler, J. E. Coury. 2002. The Theory of Numbers. Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
2. D. M. Burton. 2007. Elementary Number Theory. McGraw-Hill.
3. I. Niven, H. S. Zuckerman, H. L. Montgomery. 2014. An Introduction to The Theory of
Numbers. John Wiley and Sons.
4. K. H. Rosen. 2005. Elementary Number Theory and Its Applications. Edition 5th.
Pearson/Addison Wesley.
5. W. J. Leveque. 2015. Topics in Number Theory. Edition 7th. Addison-Wesley. Vols.I
and II.
Course Title: Numerical Analysis I
Course Code: MTH-461
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

This course is designed to teach the students about numerical methods and their theoretical bases.
The course aims at inculcating in the students the skill to apply various techniques in numerical
analysis, understand and do calculations about errors that can occur in numerical methods and
understand and be able to use the basics of matrix analysis.

THEORY:

Number Systems and Errors, Interpolation by Polynomials: Existence and uniqueness of the
interpolating polynomial. Lagrangian interpolation, the divided difference table. Error of the
interpolating polynomial; interpolation with equally spaced data, Newton’s forward and
backward difference formulas, Bessel’s interpolation formula. 
 Solution of non-linear
Equations: Bisection method, iterative methods, secant and regula falsi methods; fixed point
iteration, convergence criterion for a fixed point iteration, Newton-Raphson method,order of
convergence of Newton-Raphson and secant methods. 
 System of Linear Equations: Gauss
elimination methods, triangular factorization, Crout method. Iterative methods: Jacobi method,
Gauss-Seidel method, SOR method, convergence of iterative methods. Numerical
Differentiation: Numerical differentiation formulae based on interpolation polynomials, error
estimates. 
 Numerical Integration: Newton-Cotes formulae; trapezoidal rule, Simpson’s
formulas, composite rules, Romberg improvement, Richardson extrapolation. Error estimation
of integration formulas, Gaussian quadrature.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. A. Komech, A. Komech. 2009. Principles of Partial Differential Equations, Springer-

New York.
2. C. F. Gerlad, P.O. Wheatley. 2005. Applied Numerical Analysis. Pearson Education.
Singapore.
3. J. H. Mathews, Numerical Methods for Mathematics, Latest Edition. Prentice Hall
International,
4. L. Debnath. 2005. Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations for Scientists and
Engineers, Birkhauser-Boston.
4. R. L. Burden, J. D. Faires: Numerical Analysis, Latest Edition. PWS Pub. Co.
5. W. E. Boyce, R. C. DiPrima. 2001. Elementary Differential Equations and Boundary
Value Problems, John Wiley & sons, Inc.
Course Title: Mathematical Statistics I
Course Code: MTH-471
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The principal aim of this course is to provide students with a solid grounding in probability
theory and mathematical statistics.

THEORY:

Probability Distributions: The postulates of probability, Some elementary theorems, Addition

and multiplication rules, Baye’s rule and future Baye’s theorem. Random variables and
probability functions, Discrete Probability Distributions: Uniform, Bernoulli and Binomial
distribution, Hypergeometric and geometric distribution, Negative binomial and Poisson
distribution. Continuous Probability Distributions: Uniform and exponential distribution,
Gamma and beta distributions, Normal distribution Mathematical Expectations: Moments and
moment generating functions, Moments of binomial, hypergeometric, Poisson, gamma, beta
and normal distributions.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS:
1. J. E. Freund, Mathematical Statistics, (Prentice Hall Inc., 1992)
2. Hogg and Craig, Introduction to Mathematical Statistics, (Collier Macmillan, 1958)
3. Mood, Greyill and Boes, Introduction to the Theory of Statistics, (McGraw Hill)
4. R. E. Walpole, Introduction to Statistics, 3rd edition, (Macmillan Publishing Company
London, 1982)
5. M. R. Spiegel and L. J. Stephens, Statistics, (McGraw Hill Book Company, 1984)
Course Title: Advanced Group Theory
Course Code: MTH-435
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The aim of this course is to study advance topics of group theory.

THEORY:

Direct products and normal products of groups, Holomorphic of a group, Finitely generated
abelian groups, Group action on a set, orbits and transitive actions, Stabilizers , The orbit
stabilizer theorem, Characteristic and fully invariant subgroups, symmetric and alternating
groups, generators of symmetric and alternating groups, Simple groups, simplicity of An, n≥5,
series in groups. Zassenhau’s Lemma, normal series and their refinements, composition series,
principal or chief series.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. N. Carter. 2009.Visual Group Theory. American Association of America Inc.

2. P.M. Cohn. 2000. Classic Algebra. London. John Wiley & Sons Inc.
3. D.S. Dummit, R.M. Foote.2004. Abstract Algebra.Edition 3rd.John Wiley & Sons, .
4. J. Gallian. 2013. Contemporary Abstract Algebra. Edition 8th.Brooks/Cole Cengage
Learning.
Course Title: Continuous Group
Course Code: MTH-436
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The aim of this course is to give introduction on continuous groups which is useful to learn
theoretical physics related subjects.

THEORY:

Continuous Groups; Gl(n,r), Gl(n,c), So(p,q), Sp(2n); generalities on

Continuous Groups; Groups of isometrics; Introduction to Lie groups with special emphasis on
matrix Lie groups; Relationship of isometrics and Lie group; Theorem of Cartan;
Correspondence of continuous groups with Lie algebras; Classification of groups of low
dimensions; Homogeneous spaces and orbit types; Curvature of invariant metrics on Lie groups
and homogeneous spaces.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. G. E. Bredon. 2006. Introduction to Compact Transformation Groups. Academic Press.

2. H. Taqdir. 2007. Introduction to Topological Groups. W.B.Saunder’s-Company.
3. Jr. M.Willard. 2008. Symmetry Groups and Their Application. Academic Press-New
York and London. Latest Edition.
4. L. P. Eisenhart. 2003. Continuous Groups of Transformations. Priceton U. P.
Course Title: Rings and Modules
Course Code: MTH-437
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The aim of this course is to realize the importance of rings and modules as central objects in
algebra and to study some applications.

THEORY:

Basic concepts of Ring Theory, Some Special Classis of Rings, Product, Matrix and Polynomial
Rings, Subrings, Ring Homomorphism, Ideal and Quotient Rings, The Field of Quotients of an
Integral Domain, Euclidean Rings, Polynomial Rings, Basic concepts of Module Theory,
Submodules, Quotient Modules, Direct Sums, Homomorphism, Finitely generated Modules,
Torsion Modules, Free Modules.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. M. F. Atiyah and I. G. Macdonald, 1969, Introduction to Commutative Algebra.

Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.
2. O. Zariski and P. Samuel.1975-6, Commutative Algebra, Vols I and II. Springer
3. D. S. Dummit, R. M. Foote. 2004. Abstract Algebra; 3rd Edition. John Wiley & Sons.
4. R. Gilmer. 1972. Multiplicative Ideal Theory. Marcel Dekker, New York.
Course Title: Advanced Topology
Course Code: MTH-454
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The aim of this course is to introduce advance topics in topology.

THEORY:

Compactness in metric spaces, Limit point, Compactness, Sequential compactness and their
various characterizations, Equivalence of different notions of compactness. Connectedness,
various characterizations of connectedness, Connectedness and T()spaces, Local connectedness,
Path-connectedness, Components. Homotopic maps, Homotopic paths, Loop spaces,
Fundamental groups, Covering spaces, the lifting theorem, Fundamental groups of the circle ()
etc.Chain complex, Notion of homology.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. J. Hocking. G.Young. 2001. Topology. Dover Publications.

2. J. Kelly. 2005. General Topology. Springer .
3. J. R. Munkres. 2003.Topology - A First Course. Prentice-Hall.
4. S. Lipschutz. 2004. General Topology. McGraw-Hill.
Course Title: Algebraic Topology
Course Code: MTH-455
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The aim of the unit is to give an introduction to algebraic topology with an emphasis on cell
complexes, fundamental groups and homology.

THEORY:

Homotopy theory, Homotopy theory of path and maps, Fundamental group of circle,
Covering spaces, Lifting criterion, Loop spaces and higher homotopy group. Affin spaces,
Singular theory, Chain complexes, Homotopy invariance of homology, Relation between n, and
H,relative homology The exact homology sequence.
Relative homology, The exact homology sequences, Excion theorem and application to spheres,
Mayer Victoris sequences, Jordan-Brouwer separation theorem, Spherical complexes, Betti
number and Euler characteristic, Cell Complexes and adjunction spaces.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. A. H. Wallace. 2004. Algebraic Topology. Homology and Cohomology. W.A. Benjamin

Inc. New York.
2. A. Hatcher. 2002.Algebraic Topology. Cambridge University Press.
3. C. A. Kosniowski. 2003. First Course in Algebraic Topology. C.U.P.
4. F. H. Croom. 2005. Basic Concept of Algebraic Theory. Spinger-Verlag, New York,
5. M.J.Greenberg, J. R.Harper. 2007. Algebraic Topology. A First Course. The Bonjan
Cunning Pub. Co.
Course Title: Operations Research
Course Code: MTH-463
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

This course deals with the optimization techniques that allocate the available resources in an
optimal manner.

THEORY:

Linear Programming: Mathematical modeling. Formulation and graphical solution. Analytical

solution. Simplex method. Two- phase and M-technique for Linear programs.
Duality. Duality simplex method. Sensitivity Analysis.
Transportation Problems: Definition. Various methods including North –West Corner method.
Least –cost method and Vogel’s approximation. The Assignment model. Application to
Networks. Shortest- Route Algorithm for acyclic and cyclic networks. Maximal- flow
problems.
Integer Programming: Definition and formulation- Cutting-Plane Algorithm and Branch-
and Bound method,Application. The mixed Algorithm, Zero-one polynomial programming.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. C. M. Harvey, 1979, Operation Research, North Holland, New Delhi.

2. F. S Hiller, G. J. Liebraman, 1974. Operational Research. CBS Publisher and
Distributors. New Delhi.
3. H. A. Taha. 1987. An Introduction to Operations Research. Macmillan Publishing
Company Inc. New York.
4. S. Kalavathy, Operations Research. Vikas Publishing House Ltd.
5. S. A. Bhatti, 1996, Operations Research: An Introduction, Shaharyar Publishers,
Lahore.
 Course Title Software Packages
Course Code MTH-464
Credit Hours 3(1-2)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

This subject covers the foundations of programming applications and analyze the requirements
of an entry-level programming task,

THEORY & PRACTICAL

Microsoft Office: Working with Documents, Formatting a Document. Customizing a

Document, Entering and Editing Data, Formatting a Worksheet, Entering pictures and graphs,
Using Formulas and Functions, Creating a Presentation, Working with Slides.
MATLAB BASICS: Introduction to Matlab, Arithmetic Operations, Display Formats,
Elementary Math Built-in Functions ,Variable Names, Predefined Variables , Commands for
Managing Variables, General Commands, Polynomials , System of Linear Equations.
Math Type: Working with File, Entering the Mathematical Symbols, Using Math Type as
Equation Editor, Inserting Math Type file in the Ms Office File, Using Formulas and Functions,
Creating a Presentation, Working with Slides.
Latex: Working with .tex file, Formatting a file. Customizing a file, Entering and Editing Data,
Using Formulas and Functions, Creating a Presentation, Working with Slides. Entering pictures
and graphs. Working with Beamer for slides and presentations.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. B. R. Hunt, R. L. Lipsman, J. M. Rosenberg, 2001. A Guide to MATLAB for

Beginners and Experienced Users. 1st Edition, Cambridge University Press
2. L. Beach, 2001. Math Type Mathematical Equation Editor. Edition 5th. Design
Science, Inc. U.S.A.
3. M. Matthews, C. Matthews, 2007. Microsoft Office 2007. Quick Steps. 1st Edition.
McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing.
4. R. V. Dukkipati, 2010. MATLAB An Introduction With Applications. New Age
International Publishers
5.
Course Title: Methods of Mathematical Physics
Course Code: MTH-481
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The main objective of this course is to provide the students with a range of mathematical
methods that are essential to the solution of advanced problems encountered in the fields of
applied physics and engineering. In addition this course is intended to prepare the students with
mathematical tools and techniques that are required in advanced courses offered in the applied
physics and engineering programs.

THEORY:

Fourier Methods: The Fourier transforms. Fourier analysis of the generalized functions. The
Laplace transforms. Hankel transforms for the solution of PDEs and their application to
boundary value problems.
Green’s Functions and Transform Methods: Expansion for Green’s functions. Transform
methods. Closed form Green’s functions.
Perturbation Techniques: Perturbation methods for algebraic equations. Perturbation methods
for differential equations.
Variational Methods: Euler- Langrange equations. Integrand involving one, two, three and n
variables. Special cases of Euler- Langrange’s equations. Necessary conditions for existence of
an extremum of a functional. Constrained maxima and minima.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. A. D. Snider. 2007. Partial Differential Equations. Sources and Solutions. Prentice Hall
Inc.
2. D. L. Powers. 2005. Boundary Value Problems and Partial Differential Equations.
Edition 5th. Academic Press.
3. J. W. Brown, R. V. Churchil. 2006. Fourier Series and Boundary Value Problems.
McGraw-Hill.
4. W. E.Boyce. 2005. Elementary Differential Equations. Edition 8th. John Wiley and
Sons.
Course Title: Quantum Mechanics I
Course Code: MTH-482
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The aim of the course is to provide mathematics students with a thorough introduction to
nonrelativistic quantum mechanics, with emphasis on the mathematical structure of the theory.

THEORY:

Inadequacy of Classical Mechanics: Black body radiation, Photoelectric effect, Compton effect,
Bohr’s theory of atomic structure, Wave-particle duality, the de- Broglie postulate.
The Uncertainty Principle: Uncertainty of position and momentum, statement and proof of
the uncertainty principle, Energy time uncertainty. Eigenvalues and eigen functions,
Operators and eigen functions, Linear Operators, Operator formalism in Quantum Mechanics,
Orthonormal systems, Hermitian operators and their properties, Simultaneous eigen
functions. Parity operators. Postulates of quantum mechanics, the Schrödinger wave equation.
Motion in one Dimension: Step potential, potential barrier, Potential well, and Harmonic
oscillator.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. E. Merzdacker. 2005. Quantum Mechanics. Edition 5th. John Wiley and Sons Inc. New
York.
2. H. Muirhead. 2002. The Physics of Elementary Particles. Pergamon Press.
3. J.G. Taylor. 2010. Quantum Mechanics George Allen and Unwin. .
4. R. M. Eisberg. 2005. Fundamental of Modern Mechanics. John Wiley and Sons Inc.
5. T. L.Powell, B. Crasemann. 2002. Quantum Mechanics. Addison-Wesley.
Course Title: Fluid Mechanics I
Course Code: MTH-484
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The aim of the course is to introduce some of the most current research subjects in the field of
fluid dynamics.

THEORY:

Real fluids and ideal fluids, Velocity of a fluid at a point, Streamlines and path lines, Steady ad
unsteady flows, Velocity potential, Vorticity vector, Local and particle rates of change, Equation
of continuity. Acceleration of a fluid, Conditions at a rigid boundary, General Analysis of fluid
motion Euler’s equations of motion, Bernoulli’s equations steady motion under conservative
body forces, Some potential theorems, impulsive motion. Sources, Sinks and doublets, Images
in rigid infinite plane and solid spheres, Axi-symmetric flows, Stokes’s stream function.
Stream function, Complex potential for two-dimensional, Irrational, Incompressible flow,
Complex velocity spotential for uniform stream. Line sources and line sinks, Line doublets
image systems, Miline-Thomson circle theorem, Blasius’s Theorem.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. G. Currie. 2012. Fundamental Mechanics and Fluids. CRC Press.

2. H. Schlichting . 2000. Boundary Layer Theory. Springer.
3. J. H. Spurk, N. Aksel. 2008. Fluid Mechanics. Edition 2nd.Springer.
4. R. K. Bansal. 2005. A Textbook of Fluid Mechanics. Laxmi Publications (P) LTD, New
Delhi.
Course Title: Special Theory of Relativity
Course Code: MTH-486
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The aim of this course is to introduce the concept of special relativity and its application to
Physical Sciences.

THEORY:

Historical background and fundamental concepts of Special Theory of Relativity. Lorentz

transformations (for motion along axis). Length contraction. Time dilation and simultaneity.
Velocity addition formulae. 3-dimensional Lorentz transformations. Introduction to 4-vector
formalism. Lorentz transformations in the 4 vector formalism. The Lorentz and Poincare
groups. Introduction to classical Mechanics. Minkowski space time and null cone. 4-velocity, 4
acceleration 4- momentum and 4-force. Application of Special Relativity to Doppler shift and
Compton Effect. Particle scattering. Binding energy, Particle production and decay.
Electromagnetism in Relativity. Electric current. Maxwell’s equations and electromagnetic
waves. The 4-vector formulation of Maxwell’s equations. Special Relativity with small
acceleration.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS:
1. A. Qadir, 1989. Relativity: An Introduction to the Special Theory. World Scientific
Press.
2. J. D. Jackson. 1977. Classical Relativity. Springer-Verlag.
3. J. G. Taylor. 1965. Special Relativity. Oxford University Press.
4. R. D’ Inverno. 1992. Introduction Einstein’s Relativity. Oxford University Press.
SEMESTER VIII

Course Title: Advanced Set Theory

Course Code: MTH-413
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The aim of the course is to present advance topics of set theory.

THEORY:

Equivalent sets and examples, Countable sets, examples of countable sets, uncountable sets,
examples of uncountable sets, cardinal number as equivalence classes, example of cardinal
numbers, Cantor’s theorem, Partially ordered sets, chains, lattices, Partial ordering on cardinal
numbers, Cantor-Bernstein theorem and applications, Addition, multiplication and
exponentiation of cardinals, Zorn’s lemma and applications, axiom of choice, equivalence of
axiom of choice and Zorn’s lemma, well ordered sets and related concepts, ordinal numbers,
addition and multiplication of ordinal numbers.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. S. Shen, N. K. Vereshchagin, A. Shen. Basic Set Theory. American Mathematical

Soc.; 2002.
2. I. Kaplansky, Set theory and metric spaces. Vol. 298. American Mathematical Soc.,
2001.
3. A. N. Kolmogorov ,& S. V. Fomin, (2012). Introductory Real Analysis. Courier
Corporation.
4. P. R. Halmos, Naïve Set Theory, New York, Van Nonstrand.
5. Hrbacek, Karel, and Thomas Jech. Introduction to Set Theory, Revised and
Expanded. Crc Press, 1999.
Course Title: Numerical Analysis II
Course Code: MTH-462
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

Numerical methods for the solution of some of the main problems of the scientific computing
are introduced (nonlinear sytems, data approximation, numerical differentiation and integration,
numerical solution of ODE); their implementation and analysis are given by using interactive
environments for the computing and the scientific visualization.

THEORY:

Osculating polynomials, Differentiation and integration in multidimension. Ordinary

differential equations: Predictor methods, Modified Eulers method, Truncation error and
stability, The Taylor series method, Runge-Kutta methods. Differential equations of higher
order: System of differential equations; Runge-Kutta methods, shooting methods, finite
difference methods. Partial differential equations: Elliptic hyperbolic and parabolic equations;
Explicit and implicit finite difference methods, stability, convergence and consistency analysis,
The method of characteristic. 
 Eigen value problems; Estimation of Eigen values and
corresponding error bounds, Gerschgorin’s theorem and its applications Schur’s theorem,
Power method, Shift of origin, Deflation method for the subdominant Eigen values.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. A. Komech, A. Komech. 2009. Principles of Partial Differential Equations, Springer-New York.

2. C. F. Gerlad, P.O. Wheatley. 2005. Applied Numerical Analysis. Pearson Education. Singapore.
3. J. H. Mathews, Numerical Methods for Mathematics, Latest Edition. Prentice Hall
International,
4. L. Debnath. 2005. Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations for Scientists and Engineers,
Birkhauser-Boston.
5. R. L. Burden, J. D. Faires: Numerical Analysis, Latest Edition. PWS Pub. Co.
6. W. E. Boyce, R. C. DiPrima. 2001. Elementary Differential Equations and Boundary Value
Problems, John Wiley & sons, Inc.
Course Title: Mathematical Statistics II
Course Code: MTH-472
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The aim of the course is to present a solid calculus-based background in statistical theory together
with its applications to solving practical real-world problems.

THEORY:

Functions of Random Variables: Distribution function technique, Transformation technique:

One variable, several variables, Moment-generating function technique. Sampling
Distributions: The distribution of the mean, The distribution of the mean: Finite populations,
The Chi-Square distribution., The t distribution, The F distribution. Regression and Correlation:
Linear regression, The methods of least squares, Normal regression analysis, Normal
correlation analysis, Multiple linear regression, Multiple linear regression (matrix notation).

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. J. E. Freund, Mathematical Statistics, (Prentice-Hall Inc., 1992).

2. Hogg and Craig, Introduction to Mathematical Statistics, (Collier Macmillan, 1958).
47
3. Mood, Greyill and Boes, Introduction to the Theory of Statistics, (McGraw Hill).
4. R. E. Walpole, Introduction to Statistics, 3rd edition, (Macmillan Publishing
Company
London, 1982)
5. M. R. Spiegel, L. J. Stephens, Statistics, (McGraw Hill Book Company, 1984)
Course Title: Category Theory
Course Code: MTH-612
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The aim of this course unit is to introduce the basic ideas of Category theory.

THEORY:

Basic concepts of category, Definition of category, examples, epimorphism, monomorphism,

retractions, Initial, Terminal, and null objects, Category of graphs, Limits in categories,
Equalizers, Pull backs, Inverse images and intersections, Constructions with kernel pairs,
Functions and adjoint Functions, Functions, Bifunctions, Natural transformations, Diagrams,
Limits, Colimits, Universal problems and adjoint functions.
Subjects, Quotient objects and factorization, (E,M) Categories, (Epi external mono) and
(external epi mono) Categories, (Generating external mono) factorization. Pointed categories:
Normal and exact categories, Additive categories, Abelian categories, Definition of
automation and examples, Category of automata, Epimorphism, Monomorphism, initial, terminal
and null objects in Aut. Congruences and factor automata, Automata with constant input and
output.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. J. V. Oosten. 2007. Basic Category Theory. University of Otrecht.

2. M. A. Arbib, E. G. Manes, 1977, Arrows, structure and functions, Academic press New
York.
3. P. Freyd, 1964, Abelian Categories: An Introduction to the Theory of Funtors, Harper
and Row.
4. T. Leinster. 2014. Basic Category Theory. Cambridge University Press.
Course Title: Measure Theory
Course Code: MTH-426
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

To gain understanding of the abstract measure theory and definition and main properties of the
integral. To construct Lebesgue's measure on the real line and in n-dimensional Euclidean space.
To explain the basic advanced directions of the theory.

THEORY:

Review of definitions of set theory and properties of sets, Relations and functions, Relationship
between equivalence relations on a set A and partitions of A, Different types of functions. Choice
functions, Axiom of choice, Equivalent sets, Countable sets. Definition and its properties, Review
of elementary concepts of Topology, G,sets. Borel sets, Cantor set, Continuous functions, Review
of elementary real analysis, Ring, ó - ring of sets and their relationship, Algebra, ó - algebra of
sets and relationship between them and ring, ó - ring. Existence of smallest ó – algebra containing
a given collection of subsets of a set, General definitions of outer measure and measure of a set
and their properties.Lebesgue outer measure. Definition and its properties Lebesgue measurable
set, Its Caratheodar's definition and properties, Approximation of measurable sets by open / Gand
closed /sets, Lebesgue measure, Definition and its properties, Lebesgue measure of Cantor set,
Existence of Lebesgue non-measureable set, Measurable function, Definition, algebra of
measurable functions and various other properties of measurable functions, Measurability of step.
Characteristic, Dinchlet's and simple functions etc.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. R. G. Bartle. 1995.The Elements of Integration and Lebesgue Measure. International

Edition. Wiley Interscience.
2. H. Bauer. 2001.Measure and Integration Theory. Berlin. de Gruyter.
3. H. S. Bear. 2001. A Primer of Lebesgue Integration. Edition 2nd. San Diego. Academic
Press.
4. V. I. Bogachev. 2007. Measure Theory. Volume 1. Berlin.Springer.
Course Title: Integral Equations
Course Code: MTH-427
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

Many physical problems that are usually solved by differential equation methods can be solved
more effectively by integral equation methods. This course will help students gain insight into
the application of advanced mathematics and guide them through derivation of appropriate
integral equations governing the behavior of several standard physical problems.

THEORY:

Linear Integral Equations of the 1st kind, Linear Integral Equations of the 2nd kind, Relationship
between differential equation and Volterra Integral Equation. Neumann series.
FredholmIntegral Equations of the 2nd kind with separable Kernels. Eigenvalues and
eigenvectors. Iterated functions. Quadrature methods. Least square methods. Homogenous
Integral Equations of the 2nd kind. Fredholm Integral Equations of the 1st kind. Fredholm
Integral Equations of the 1st kind. FredholmIntegral Equations of the 2nd kind. Abel’s Integral
Equations.Hilbert Schmidt theory of Integral Equations with symmetric Kernels, Regularization
and filtering techniques.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. A.M.Wazwaz. A First Course in Integral Equations. World Scientific Pub.

2. C.T.H.Baker. Integral Equations. Clarendon Press.
3. F.Smithies. Integral Equations. Cambridge University Press.
4. W. V. Lovitt. 2005. Linear Integral Equations. Dover Publications.
Course Title: Theory of Modules
Course Code: MTH-438
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The main objective of this course is introduce the basic theory of modules which is useful in
advance level algebra courses.

THEORY:

Definition and examples, Sub modules, Homeomorphisms and quotient modules. Direct sums
of modules. Finitely generated modules, Torsion Modules, Free modules. Basis, Rank and
endomorphism of free modules. Matrices over Rings and their connections with the basis of free
modules. A Module. A Module as the direct sum of a free and a torsion module. Exact sequences
and elementary notions of homological algebra. Noetherian and modules, Radicals, Semi simple
rings and modules.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. T. S. Blyth. 2004. Module Theory. Oxford University Press.

2. D. S. Dummit, R. M. Foote. 2004. Abstract Algebra.Edition 3rd. John Wiley & Sons.
3. B. Hartley, T.O. Hawkes. 2006. Rings, Modules and Linear Algebra, Chapmanand
Hall.
4. G. Kemper. 2010. A Course in Commutative Algebra. Springer.
Course Title: Galois Theory
Course Code: MTH-439
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

To present an introduction to Galois theory in the context of arbitrary field extensions and apply
it to a number of historically important mathematical problems.

THEORY:

Introduction to Extension Fields, Algebraic extensions, Finite fields, The basic isomorphism of
algebraic field theory, Automorphism and fields, The Isomorphism Extension Theorem, Splitting
fields, Separable extensions - Galois Theory, Illustrations of Galois Theory.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. D. A. Cox. 2012. Galois Theory. 2nd Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
2. D. S. Dummit, R. M. Foote. 2004. Abstract Algebra.Edition 3rd.John Wiley & Sons.
3. I. Kaplansky. Fields and Rings. Latest Edition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
4. I. Stewart. 2004. Galois Theory. 3rd Edition. Chapman & Hall/CRC.
Course Title: Graph Theory
Course Code: MTH-443
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The aim of this course is to introduce basic graph theory and applications.

THEORY:

Graphs: Graphs Models, Some special classes of graphs, Connected graphs, Multigraphs,
Digraphs Degrees: The Degree of a vertex, Degree Sequence, Graphs and MatricesRegular and
Irregular graphs, Isomorphic Graphs: Graphs and Groups,Trees: Bridges, Trees, The minimum
spanning tree, Connectivity: Cut-Vertices, Blocks, Menger Theorem, Eulerian Graphs,
Hamiltonian graphs, Planar graphs, Digraphs: Strong digraphs, Tournaments

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. B. Bollobas. 2002. Modern Graph theory. Springer Verlag , Newyork.

2. B. Bollobas, 1979, Graph theory. Springer Verlag , Newyork.
3. J. L. Gross, J. Yellen. 2005, Graph theory and Its Applications. Chapman and Hall.
4. R. J. Wilson, Introduction to Graph Theory. Latest Edition. Pearson Education Ltd.
Course Title: Theory of Optimization
Course Code: MTH-465
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The aim of this course is to obtain a rigorous mathematical background to optimization techniques
used in other related fields.

THEORY:

Introduction to optimization. Relative and absolute extreme. Convex. Concave and unimodal
functions. Constants. Mathematical programming problems. Optimization of one, two and
several variables functions and necessary and sufficient conditions for their optima. Direct
substitution method and Lagrange multiplier method, necessary and sufficient conditions for an
equality-constrained optimum with bounded independent variables. Inequality constraints and
Lagrange multipliers. Kuhn- Tucker Theorem. Multidimensional optimization by Gradient
method. Convex and concave programming, Calculus of variation and Euler Language equations,
Functions depending on several independent variables. Variational problems in parametric form.
Generalized mathematical formulation of dynamics programming. Non-Linear continuous
models, Dynamics programming and Variational calculus. Control theory.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. B. S. Gotfried, J.Weisman. Latest Edition. Introduction to Optimization Theory.

Prentice-Inc.New Jersy.
2. D. A. Wismer, R Chattergy. Latest Edition. Introduction to Nonlinear Optimization.
North - Holland, New York.
3. L. Elsgolts. Latest Edition . Differential Equations and the Calculus of Variations.
New Edition. University Press of the Pacific.
4. M. D. Intriligator. Latest Edition.Mathematical Optimization and Economic Theory.
Society Forindustrial and Applied Mathematics.
Course Title: Probability Theory
Course Code: MTH-473
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

A prime objective of the course is to introduce the students to the fundamentals of probability
theory and present techniques and basic results of the theory and illustrate these concepts with
applications. This course will also present the basic principles of random variables and random
processes needed in 24applications.

THEORY:

Finite probability spaces: Basic concept, probability and related frequency, combination of
events, examples, Independence, Random variables, Expected value. Standard deviation and
Chebyshev's inequality. Independence of random variables. Multiplicativity of the expected
value. Additivity of the variance, Discrete probability distribution. Probability as a continuous
set function:sigma-algebras, examples. Continuous random variables, Expectation and variance.
Normal random variables and continuous probability distribution. Applications: de Moivre-
Laplace limit theorem, weak and strong lawof large numbers. The central limit theorem,
Markov chains and continuous Markov process.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. M. Capinski, E. Kopp,Measure, Integral and Probability,Springer-Verlag, 1998.

2. R. M. Dudley,Real Analysis and Probability, CambridgeUniver-sity Press, 2004.
3. S. I. Resnick,A Probability Path, Birkhauser, 1999.
4. S. Ross,A first Course in Probability Theory, 5th ed., PrenticeHall, 1998.
5. Robert B. Ash,Basic Probability Theory, Dover. B, 20
Course Title: Combinatorics
Course Code: MTH-474
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The aim of this class is to introduce the basic combinatorial tools of computer science, to train
students in mathematical thinking and reasoning that is pertinent to computer science, and to
present that reasoning in rigorous written text.

THEORY:

Basic counting principles, Permutations, Combinations, The injective and bijective principles,
Arrangements and selections with repetitions, Graphs in Combinatorics, The Binomial theorem,
combinatorial identities. Properties of binomial coefficients, Multinomial coefficients, The
multinomial theorem, The Pigeonhole principle, Examples, Ramsay numbers, The principle of
inclusion and exclusion, Generalization, Integer solutions, Surjective mapping, Stirling numbers
of the second kind, The Sieve of Eratostheries, Euler φ-function, The Probleme des Manages,
Ordinary Generating Functions, Modeling problems. Partition of integers, Exponential
generating functions, Linear homogeneous recurrence relations, Algebraic solutions of linear
recurrence relations and constant functions, The method of generating functions, A non-linear
recurrence relation and Catalpa numbers.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. A. Tucker. Applied Combinatorics. Latest Edition. John Wiley & Sons. New York,
2. C. C. Chen, K. M. Koh, 1992. Principles and Techniques in Combinatorics. World
Scientific Pub. Co. Pte. Ltd. Singapore.
3. C. L. Liu. 1968. Introduction to Combinatorial Mathematics. McGraw-Hill. New York.
4. J. H.V. Ling, R. M. Wilson. 2001. A Course on Combinatorics, 2nd Edition, Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge.
5. V. K. Balakrishnan. 1995. Theory and Problems of Combunatorics. Schaum’s Outline
Series. McGraw-Hill International Edition. Singapore.
Course Title: Quantum Mechanics II
Course Code: MTH-483
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The aim of the course is to provide mathematics students with a thorough introduction to
nonrelativistic quantum mechanics, with emphasis on the mathematical structure of the theory.

THEORY:

Motion in three dimensions, angular momentum, commutation relations between components of

angular momentum, and their representation in spherical polar coordinates, simultaneous Eigen
functions of 𝐿𝑧 and 𝐿2 , Spherically symmetric potential and the hydrogen atom.
Scattering Theory: The scattering cross-section, scattering amplitude, scattering equation, Born
approximation, partial wave analysis.
Perturbation Theory: Time independent perturbation of non-degenerate and degenerate cases.
Time-dependent perturbations.
Identical Particle: Symmetric and anti-symmetric Eigen function, The Pauli exclusion
principle.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. E. Merzdacker. Latest Edition. Quantum Mechanics. Edition 2nd. John Wiley and Sons.
2. J. G. Taylor. Latest Edition. Quantum Mechanics. George Allen and Unwin.
3. R. Dicke, J .P. Witke. Latest Edition. Quantum Mechanics. Addison Wesley.
4. R. M. Eisberg. Latest Edition. Fundamental of Modern Mechanics.John Willey and
Sons H.Muirhead. The Physics of Elementary Particles. Pergamon Press.
5. T. L. Powell, B.Crasemann . Latest Edition. Quantum Mechanics. Addison Wesley.
Course Title: Fluid Mechanics-II
Course Code: MTH-485
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The aim of the course is to introduce some of the most current research subjects in the field of
fluid dynamics.

THEORY:

Vortex motion, Line Vortex, Vortex row Image System, Kelvin’s minimum energy theorem,
Uniqueness theorem, Fluid streaming past a circular cylinder, Irrational motion produced by a
vortex filament. The Helmholtz vorticity equation, Karman’s vortex-street. Constitutive
equations; Navier- Stoke’s equations; Exact solution of Navier-Stoke’s equations; Steady
unidirectional flow; Poiseuille flow; Couette flow; Unsteady undirectional flow, Sudden motion
of a plane boundary in a fluid at rest; Flow due to an oscillatory boundary; Equations of motion
relative to a rotatingsystem; Ekman flow; Dynamical similarity of turbulent motion.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. H. Schlichting. 2000. Boundary Layer Theory. Edition 8th. Springer.

2. I. G. Currie. 2012. Fundamental Mechanics and Fluids. Edition 4th. CRC Press.
3. J. H. Aksel, N. Spurk. 2008. Fluid Mechanics. Edition 2nd.Springer.
4. R. K. Bansal. 2005. A Textbook of Fluid Mechanics. Edition 9th. Laxmi Publications
LTD, New Delhi. H
Course Title: Theory of Elasticity
Course Code: MTH-487
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The objective of the course is to introduce the theory of elasticity and to analyze some real
problems and to formulate the conditions of theory of elasticity applications.

THEORY:

Cartesian tensors, Analysis of stress and strain, Generalized Hooke’s law; crystalline
structure, Point groups of crystals, Reduction in the number of elastic moduli due to crystal
symmetry; Equations of equilibrium; Boundary conditions, ompatibility equations; Plane stress
and plane strain problems; Two dimensional problems in rectangular and polar co-ordinates;
torsion of rods and beams.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. A. P. Boresi And K. P. Chong, 2000, Elasticity iri Engineering Mechanics, 2nd Edition,
John Wiley & Sons.
2. A. C. Ugural, S. K. Fenster, . Advanced Strength and Applied Elasticity, Latest Edition.
Elsevier Science Publishing Co., Inc..
3. A. S. Saada, Elasticity: Theory and Applications. Latest Edition. Krieger Publishing,
Malabar, Florida,
4. S. P. Timoshenko And J. N. Goodier, Theory of Elasticity, McGraw Hill Book Company.
Latest Edition.
Course Title: Electromagnetism
Course Code: MTH-488
Credit Hours: 3(3-0)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The aim of this course is to provide the students with the fundamental principles of electrical
energy (electro- magnetism).

THEORY:

Electrostatics and the solution of electrostatics problems in vacuum and in media, Electrostatic
energy, Electro currents, The magnetic field of steady currents. Magnetic properties of matter.
Magnetic energy, Electromagnetic Introduction, Maxwell’s equations, Boundary Value Potential
Problems in two dimensions, Electromagnetic Waves, Radiation, Motion of electric charges.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. D. Corson, P. Lerrain. Latest Edition. Introduction to Electromagnetic Fields and

Waves. Freeman.
2. J. R. Reitz, F. J. Milford. Latest Edition. Foundation of Electromagnetic Theory.
Addison-Wesley
3. K. H. Panofsky,M.Philips. Latest Edition. Classical Electricity and Magnetism.
Addison-Wesley.
4. V. C. A. Ferraro. Latest Edition. Electromagnetic Theory. The Athlone Press.