13.
Project Stakeholder
Management
Pertemuan ke 25, 26
Sub-CPMK
• Mahasiswa mampu menyusun laporan yang
mencakup 10 knowledge pada suatu kasus
manajemen proyek (C4, A4)
Materi
1. Identify Stakeholders,
2. Plan Stakeholder Engagement,
3. Manage Stakeholder Engagement,
4. Monitor Stakeholder Engagement
• Project Stakeholder Management includes the processes
required to identify the people, groups, or organizations that
could impact or be impacted by the project, to analyze
stakeholder expectations and their impact on the project, and
to develop appropriate management strategies for effectively
engaging stakeholders in project decisions and execution.
• The processes support the work of the project team to
analyze stakeholder expectations, assess the degree to which
they impact or are impacted by the project, and develop
strategies to effectively engage stakeholders in support of
project decisions and the planning and execution of the work
of the project.
• Every project has stakeholders who are impacted by
or can impact the project in a positive or negative
way.
• Some stakeholders may have a limited ability to
influence the project’s work or outcomes; others
may have significant influence on the project and its
expected outcomes
• To increase the chances of success, the process of
stakeholder identification and engagement should
commence as soon as possible after the project
charter has been approved, the project manager has
been assigned and the team begins to form.
1. Identify Stakeholders
• Identify Stakeholders is the process of identifying project
stakeholders regularly and analyzing and documenting
relevant information regarding their interests, involvement,
interdependencies, influence, and potential impact on project
success.
• The key benefit of this process is that it enables the project
team to identify the appropriate focus for engagement of
each stakeholder or group of stakeholders. This process is
performed periodically throughout the project as needed. The
inputs, tools and techniques, and outputs of the process are
depicted in Figure 13-2. Figure 13-3 depicts the data flow
diagram for the process.
Cont’d
Figure 13-2. Identify Stakeholders: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs
Cont’d
Figure 13-3. Identify Stakeholders: Data Flow Diagram
1.1 Meetings
• Meetings are used to develop an
understanding of significant project
stakeholders.
• They can take the form of facilitation
workshops, small group guided discussions,
and virtual groups using electronics or social
media technologies to share ideas and analyze
data.
1.2 Stakeholder Register
The main output of the Identify Stakeholders process is
the stakeholder register. This document contains
information about identified stakeholders that includes
but is not limited to:
• Identification information.
• Assessment information.
• Stakeholder classification.
2. Plan Stakeholder Engagement
• Plan Stakeholder Engagement is the process of
developing approaches to involve project
stakeholders based on their needs, expectations,
interests, and potential impact on the project.
• The key benefit is that it provides an actionable plan
to interact effectively with stakeholders. This process
is performed periodically throughout the project as
needed.
• The inputs, tools and techniques, and outputs of the
process are depicted in Figure 13-4. Figure 13-5
depicts the data flow diagram for the process.
Cont’d
Figure 13-4. Plan Stakeholder Engagement: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs
Cont’d
Figure 13-5. Plan Stakeholder Engagement: Data Flow Diagram
Cont’d
• An effective plan that recognizes the diverse
information needs of the project’s stakeholders is
developed early in the project life cycle and is
reviewed and updated regularly as the stakeholder
community changes.
• The first version of the stakeholder engagement plan
is developed after the initial stakeholder community
has been identified by the Identify Stakeholder
process.
• The stakeholder engagement plan is updated
regularly to reflect changes to the stakeholder
community.
Cont’d
• In Figure 13-6, C represents the current engagement
level of each stakeholder and D indicates the level
that the project team has assessed as essential to
ensure project success (desired).
• The gap between current and desired for each
stakeholder will direct the level of communications
necessary to effectively engage the stakeholder.
• The closing of this gap between current and desired
is an essential element of monitoring stakeholder
engagement.
Cont’d
Figure 13-6. Stakeholder Engagement Assessment Matrix
Cont’d
• The stakeholder engagement plan is a component of
the project management plan that identifies the
strategies and actions required to promote
productive involvement of stakeholders in decision
making and execution.
• It can be formal or informal and highly detailed or
broadly framed, based on the needs of the project
and the expectations of stakeholders.
• The stakeholder engagement plan may include but is
not limited to specific strategies or approaches for
engaging with individuals or groups of stakeholders.
3. Manage Stakeholder
Engagement
Cont’d
• Manage Stakeholder Engagement is the process of
communicating and working with stakeholders to meet
their needs and expectations, address issues, and foster
appropriate stakeholder involvement.
• The key benefit of this process is that it allows the project
manager to increase support and minimize resistance from
stakeholders. This process is performed throughout the
project. The inputs, tools and techniques, and outputs of
the process are depicted in Figure 13-7. Figure 13-8 depicts
the data flow diagram for the process.
Cont’d
Figure 13-7. Manage Stakeholder Engagement: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and
Outputs
Cont’d
Figure 13-8. Manage Stakeholder Engagement: Data Flow Diagram
Cont’d
Manage Stakeholder Engagement involves activities
such as:
• Engaging stakeholders at appropriate project stages
to obtain, confirm, or maintain their continued
commitment to the success of the project;
• Managing stakeholder expectations through
negotiation and communication;
• Addressing any risks or potential concerns related to
stakeholder management and anticipating future
issues that may be raised by stakeholders; and
• Clarifying and resolving issues that have been
identified
Cont’d
The methods of communication identified for each stakeholder
in the communications management plan are applied during
stakeholder engagement management. The project management
team uses feedback to assist in understanding stakeholder
reaction to the various project management activities and key
decisions. Feedback may be collected in the following ways, but
not limited to:
• Conversations; both formal and informal,
• Issue identification and discussion,
• Meetings,
• Progress reporting, and
• Surveys
4. Monitor Stakeholder
Engagement
• Monitor Stakeholder Engagement is the process of monitoring
project stakeholder relationships and tailoring strategies for
engaging stakeholders through modification of engagement
strategies and plans.
• The key benefit of this process is that it maintains or increases
the efficiency and effectiveness of stakeholder engagement
activities as the project evolves and its environment changes.
This process is performed throughout the project.
• The inputs, tools and techniques, and outputs of the process
are depicted in Figure 13-9. Figure 13-10 depicts the data flow
diagram for the process.
Cont’d
Figure 13-9. Monitor Stakeholder Engagement: Inputs, Tools & Techniques,
and Outputs
Cont’d
Figure 13-10. Monitor Stakeholder Engagement: Data Flow Diagram
Source
• A Guide to the Project Management Body Of
Knowledge (PMBOK® GUIDE ) Sixth Edition,
Project Management Institute, 2017, BAB 13,
HAL 503-535.
Thank You
