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RECURSIVE& Non-RECURSIVE SYSTEM-10th Lecture

The document discusses different structures for realizing linear time-invariant systems, including recursive and non-recursive forms. It presents examples of first and higher order systems and how they can be represented recursively or non-recursively. Finite impulse response systems can be realized using either recursive or non-recursive structures, with non-recursive typically being the usual case. The key difference between recursive and non-recursive linear time-invariant systems is whether they depend on past input/output values.

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171 views5 pages

RECURSIVE& Non-RECURSIVE SYSTEM-10th Lecture

The document discusses different structures for realizing linear time-invariant systems, including recursive and non-recursive forms. It presents examples of first and higher order systems and how they can be represented recursively or non-recursively. Finite impulse response systems can be realized using either recursive or non-recursive structures, with non-recursive typically being the usual case. The key difference between recursive and non-recursive linear time-invariant systems is whether they depend on past input/output values.

Uploaded by

aehwnnn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Digital Signal Processing Theoretical 022-023

Structures for the realization of Liner-Time- Invareint system


 Let’s consider the first-order system shown in (a)
 This system can be rewritten in recursive and non-recursive manners
 As interchanging the order of cascaded LTI systems will yield the same
response, we obtain an alternative structure of such system shown in (b)
 Since the two delays in (b) can be merged into one, we may rewrite the
diagram to become (c), i.e., using one delay for more efficient in terms of
memory requirement and more practical

Direct from I structure

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Digital Signal Processing Theoretical 022-023

General LTI Recursive system

Describing this using the difference equation

 Requires M+N delays and M+N+1 multiplications Can be viewed as the


cascade of
 A non-recursive system

 A Recursive system
 By reversing the order of these two systems, we obtain the form II structure
 Using this structure is more convenient as it may suggest the memory
required to realize the system, ie.
◦ If N≥M, delays = order of N
◦ If M>N, the required memory is specified by M
 This structure is the cascade of
◦ Recursive system

◦ Non-Recursive system

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Digital Signal Processing Theoretical 022-023

Cases where only non-recursive LTI system exist

 If some parameters like ak is set to 0, only nonrecurvise LTI system will


exist

 The response of this system is said to be a weighted moving average of the


input signal
Sometimes called a moving average (MA) system
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Digital Signal Processing Theoretical 022-023

Recursive and Non-Recursive realization of FIR system

◦ FIR and IIR systems based on how the impulse Response h ( k ) is set
◦ Causal recursive system – can be described by an input-output equation
◦ Linear time-invariant system – can be described by the difference equation
◦ Causal non-recursive system – as mentioned before, can be described by an
input-output equation but do not depend on past values
◦ FIR systems can be realized from recursive and non-recursive systems
◦ Every FIR system can be realized non-recursively usual case
◦ FIR system can also be realized from recursive system

FIR (Finite Impulse Response) system with an impulse response

Summary:

◦ FIR and IIR systems are two different LTI systems


◦ The terms recursive and non-recursive are used to define the structures for
realizing or implementing the system

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Digital Signal Processing Theoretical 022-023

Correlation of Discrete Time signal

o Similar to convolution in the sense that two signal sequences are involved
o Important to measure the degree of similarity between two signals
o Widely used in radar, sonar, digital communications, geology, and other
areas in science and technology

Example:
◦ Radar target detection
◦ Digital communication transmission

Correlation and Auto-correlation sequence

Suppose we have two real signal sequences

🞂 The cross-correlation of these two signals is

◦ Or

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