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    EL Project Report

    Uploaded by

    Gangaraj Bopparam
    The document describes an elevator controller project for a 3-floor system. A group of 5 students are assigned to the project. The problem statement involves designing the controller structure and a rack-and-pinion motor system. A state diagram with 7 states represents the elevator system. The VHDL code uses a process with sensitivity lists and Boolean expressions to update states based on sensor and button inputs. An UCF file defines the pin assignments. The contributions of each group member are outlined.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    EL Project Report

    Uploaded by

    Gangaraj Bopparam
    345 views5 pages
    The document describes an elevator controller project for a 3-floor system. A group of 5 students are assigned to the project. The problem statement involves designing the controller structure and a rack-and-pinion motor system. A state diagram with 7 states represents the elevator system. The VHDL code uses a process with sensitivity lists and Boolean expressions to update states based on sensor and button inputs. An UCF file defines the pin assignments. The contributions of each group member are outlined.

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    EL_Project_Report

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    The document describes an elevator controller project for a 3-floor system. A group of 5 students are assigned to the project. The problem statement involves designing the controller structure and a rack-and-pinion motor system. A state diagram with 7 states represents the elevator system. The VHDL code uses a process with sensitivity lists and Boolean expressions to update states based on sensor and button inputs. An UCF file defines the pin assignments. The contributions of each group member are outlined.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    345 views5 pages

    EL Project Report

    Uploaded by

    Gangaraj Bopparam
    The document describes an elevator controller project for a 3-floor system. A group of 5 students are assigned to the project. The problem statement involves designing the controller structure and a rack-and-pinion motor system. A state diagram with 7 states represents the elevator system. The VHDL code uses a process with sensitivity lists and Boolean expressions to update states based on sensor and button inputs. An UCF file defines the pin assignments. The contributions of each group member are outlined.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    EL203

    Embedded Hardware design


    Project : Elevator Controller

    Group : 21
    Group Members :
    • Bopparam Gangaraju (202001107)
    • Nikhil Jethanandani (202001108)
    • Darshan Kheni (202001109)
    • Vihar Shah (202001110)
    • Jaineet Deora (202001111)

    Problem Statement

    Design a simple elevator controller structure representing a


    lift shaft to which are fixed three call buttons and associated lift
    coming indicators. The motor which moves the lift up and down
    should be designed as a Rack-and-pinion gear system.The Elevator
    system is designed to operate for a three floor system and associated
    three call buttons at each of these floors. The alignment of the lift is
    directed by four sensors named as Bottom, Middle minus, Middle
    plus and a Top.The system should be able to handle invalid inputs.
    When the lift is in Floor 1 , then it shouldn’t move down further and
    when the lift is in Floor 3 , it shouldn’t move up.A power supply of
    12V is given to the motor to operate.
    State Diagram

    The Elevator control system can be represented using the following


    Moore state machine.

    Description of State Diagram:

    Here, the state diagram consists of 7 states, each represented by F1, F2, F3, U2,
    U3, D2, and D1 respectively. The output of each state determines the state of the lift
    and that of the motor indicated by M.

    • State F1 = Lift is stationary on floor 1. It is represented by logic vector 000(S0).


    • State F2 = Lift is stationary on floor 2. It is represented by logic vector 001(S1).
    • State F3 = Lift is stationary on floor 3. It is represented by logic vector 010(S2).
    • State U2 = Lift is moving up to floor 2. It is represented by vector 011 (S3).
    • State U3 = Lift is moving up to floor 3. It is represented by vector 100 (S4).
    • State D2 = Lift is moving down to floor 2. It is represented by vector 101(S5).
    • State D1 = Lift is moving down to floor 1. It is represented by vector 110(S6).
    ➢ State M = 00 represents motor turned off.
    ➢ State M = 01 indicates the upwards motion of the elevator.
    ➢ State M = 10 indicates the downward movement of the elevator.
    The push button inputs are PB1, PB2, and PB3, each representing the call
    button for floor 1, floor 2, and floor 3 respectively.

    Movement of lift

    ➢ The lift goes into one of the 4 moving states depending on the floor’s call
    button. If the call button is same as lift’s stationary floor, nothing happens.
    ➢ The sensor inputs are SBT, SMM, SMP, and STP, each corresponding to the
    Bottom sensor, Middle Minus Sensor, Middle Plus sensor, and Top sensor.
    ➢ Once in moving state, the lift remains in that state until the sensor(s)
    corresponding to the destination floor signals the lifts arrival.

    SBT = sensor for bottom floor. The bottom floor is reached when the sensor is
    activated.
    STP = sensor for top floor. The top floor is reached when the sensor is activated.
    SMM = Middle minus sensor. The sensor activates to signal alignment of lift’s
    floor for the middle floor.
    SMP = Middle plus sensor. The sensor activates to signal alignment of lift’s ceiling
    for the middle floor.

    ➢ The lift becomes stationary on the middle floor only when SMM and SMP both
    are active.
    ➢ A final input of RESET is configured as well to reset the software to state 0.
    The reset button is configured for software and hardware. The lift will go to
    floor 1 upon reset.
    Block Diagram

    VHDL Snippets

    LiftControl.vhd

    PROCESS(CLK,RESET,SBT,SMM,SMP,STP,PB1,PB2,PB3)

    • A process is created with its sensitivity list containing all the three call button
    inputs, the four sensor inputs, and reset button.
    • The entire logic to be executed is configured inside this process.
    • Boolean expressions are written in the rising edge part of clock.
    • In each cycle, first the current states are updated by next states and next state
    is calculated according to the state equations and present inputs.
    • Flips Flop logic is used to store previous values of state.
    Lift.ucf

    In this file, we assigned the IO pins to be used by each of the inputs. The input pins for
    sensor input, push buttons, and reset button were defined, where as output pins for the
    6 LEDs , 3 for current states and 3 for next states, and 2 pins for motor output are
    defined. All the pins to connect the jumper wires are defined on the 4 digital J-ports.
    The lift r-eset button is taken as the reset button provided on the FPGA. All the input-
    output ports are defined to have IOSTANDARD value equal to LVCMOS33 .

    Contribution:
    Name Contribution Percentage
    Bopparam Gangaraju Code(vhdl code, TestBench),Hardware 25.5%
    Nikhil Jetanandni Code(vhdl code, ucf),Report 18.5%
    Darshan Kheni Code(vhdl code, ucf),Report 18%
    Vihar Shah Code(vhdl code, TestBench),Hardware 27%
    Jaineet Deora Print, Report 11%

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