06.08.
2020
CLASS 6 GEOGRAPHY: LESSON 6 : MAJOR LANDFORMS OF THE EARTH
Important Terms:
Mountains: It is the natural elevation of earth’s surface.
Elevation: It is the height above a specified level
Glacier: Permanently frozen rivers of ice.
Range: Mountains arranged in a row.
Plateau: Elevated flat land.
Plain: Large stretches of flat land
MIND MAP: LANDFORMS OF THE EARTH
QUESTION BANK:
Q.1What are the major landforms?
Q.2 What is the difference between a mountain and a plateau?
Q.3 What are the different types of mountains? Explain each mountain.
Q.4 How are the mountains useful to man? (Ans Pg. 41 last para from
Mountains…….pg 42 1st Para mountains)
Q.5 How are plains formed? (Ans.Pg. 43 subtitle Plains from Plains ….
Formed)
Q.6 Why are the river banks and plains thickly populated?
Q.7 Why are the mountains thinly populated?
Q.8 “The Earth has two processes”. Define the statement.
Q.9 Define erosion and deposition.
Q.10 Mention the uses of plateaus. Give examples for the same. (Ans pg 42
last para from Plateau…… tourists on pg 43.)
Q.11 List few examples of waterfall in plateau areas.
Q.12 Write a short note on natural calamities.(Ans. Pg.44 sub title
Landsforms line 6 from natural……risks.)
Q.13”It is our duty to leave a better earth for future generations”. Explain.
Q.14 Point out some differences in the ways people live on different kinds of
Landforms.
ANSWER KEY:
Ans.1 The major landforms are the mountains, plateaus, and plains. Refer
mind map.
Ans.6 River banks and plains are thickly populated because of the following
reasons:
i) Plains have very fertile soil due to which the land here are highly productive
for cultivation.
ii) Construction of transport network is also easy.
iii) Plains are useful for human habitation because more flat land and available
for building houses.
iv) In India, the Indo Gangetic plains are the most densely populated regions of
the country.
Ans.2 The difference between mountain and plateau are as follows
Points of difference Mountains Plateaus
Meaning It is only natural elevation It is an elevated flat
of the earth’s surface land
Features i)It is considerably higher i)It is a flat topped
than the surrounding table land standing
area. above the
ii)Mountains are rich in surrounding area.
forests ii) Plateaus are the
great reservoirs of
different minerals.
Types There are three types of There are two types
mountains – Fold, Block, of plateaus – old and
Volcanic young.
Examples The Alps, The Himalayas, The Chhotanagpur
The Aravalis plateau, Tibetian
Plateau, Deccan
Plateau, East African
Plateau in Kenya,
The Western plateau
in Australia.
Ans. 3 There are three types of mountains:
a) Fold moountains
b) Block Mountains
c) Volcanic mountains.
a) Fold mountains: i) When the horizontal layers of sediments which are
deposited on the sea bed are subjected to the force of compression from
both sides are squeezed and folded.
ii) Gradually they get uplifted and form extensive fold mountains.
iii)The Himalayas and the Alps are the yound fold mountains with rugged relief
and high conical peaks.
iv)The Aravali range in India are the oldest fold mountains.
v)The Ural and Appalachians have rounded features and low elevation.
b) Block Mountains: i) These are created when large areas are broken and
displaced due to compression.
ii) These broken and displaced blocks are either uplifted or lowered.
iii) The uplifted blocks are called horsts and lowered block are graben.
Iv)The Rhine valley is an example of rift valley enclosed by two block
mountains.
c) Volcanic mountains: i) These are formed due to volcanic activity
ii) When there is volcanic eruption the molten lava comes out, when this
lava cools down and solidifies into a cone shaped mountain.
iii) Mt. Killimanjaro and Mt. Fujiyama are volcanic mountains.
Ans.7 Mountains are thinly populated due to the following reasons:
a) Life is very difficult in mountaineous areas due to harsh climatic
conditions.
b) The slopes are steep thus building houses is difficult.
c) Very less land is available for farming,
d) There is also fear of wild animals due to thick forests.
Ans.8 The land forms on earth are as a result of two processes namely :
a) Internal process of Earth’s Surface: It is the upliftment and sinking of the
Earth’s surface in various places.
b) External processes of Earth’s surface: It is the continuous wearing down
and rebuilding of land surface.
Ans.9 Erosion: The wearing away of the earth’s surface is called erosion. The
surface is being lowered by the process of erosion.
Deposition: The rebuilding of the earth’s surface is called deposition. These
two processes are carried out by running water, ice and wind.
Ans.11 a) Hundru falls in Chhotanagpur plateau.
b) Jog falls in Karnataka.
These are a few examples of water falls in the plateau areas.
Ans.13 i)We throw garbage on land or in water making them dirty or polluting
air through different means. We should avoid using such important gifts of nature
in a careless manner.
ii) The available land is not only for our use. It is our duty to leave the earth as
a better place for future generations as well.
Ans.14 Humans have been living on different kinds of landforms in different
ways. They use the land and water in various ways as per the requirement of
climatic conditions. Life is difficult in mountaineous areas. Plains provide much
better conditions. People on the plain areas make their houses differently than the
houses on mountains and plateaus. It is easy to grow crops, build a house or a
road in a plain than a mountain.
