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1 - Variables, Data Types and Operators

This document discusses variables, data types, and operators in Visual Basic.NET. It defines variables and how they are declared with an identifier and data type. It describes different data types like integers, booleans, strings and their usage. The document also covers naming conventions, constants, conversion functions, basic math operators, operator precedence, and special assignment operators.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
25 views18 pages

1 - Variables, Data Types and Operators

This document discusses variables, data types, and operators in Visual Basic.NET. It defines variables and how they are declared with an identifier and data type. It describes different data types like integers, booleans, strings and their usage. The document also covers naming conventions, constants, conversion functions, basic math operators, operator precedence, and special assignment operators.

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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 18

VISUAL PROGRAMMING

WITH VISUAL BASIC.NET

VB PPT: 01 Variables, Data Types and Operators

Ishara Wimaladasa (BSc,Pg dip in IT, NDTVE)


VARIABLES
 Variable
 A reserved location in memory for storing data
while the program is in execution
 Declared with a certain data type

 A variable Has
 An identifier
 A data type
 A memory location
 A value
2
DECLARING VARIABLES
 Need to declare variables before using them
 Syntax
Dim Identifier [As DataType] [ = Value]
 Ex.
Dim intVal As Integer = 10
Dim blnAns As Boolean = True

 Possible to declare variables without initializing


as well

 Assigning a new value overwrites the exiting


value 3
IDENTIFIERS
 Identifier
 A symbolic name used to refer an object
 Can have alphanumeric characters & underscore only
 Should start with a letter or the underscore
 Should contain at least one alphanumeric character, if
begins with the underscore
 Should not be a VB.NET keyword
 Case insensitive
 Must be unique within its scope

 Declaring descriptive identifiers according to a


standard naming convention is a good programming
practice 4
NAMING CONVENTION TO BE CONT.

 Hungarian notation
 Adds a prefix to the identifiers to indicate their functional type
 Makes identifiers more descriptive & hence program code
more readable
 First proposed by an Hungarian, Dr. Charles Simony

Data type Prefix NET FCL data type

Boolean bln System.Boolean

Byte byt System.Byte

Char chr System.Char

5
NAMING CONVENTION
Data type Prefix NET FCL data type
Date dtm System.Datetime
Demical dec System.Demical
Double dbl System.Double
Integer int System.Int32
Long lng System.Int64
Object obj System. Object
Short sht System.Int16
Single sng System. Single
String str System. Object

6
DATA TYPES
 Defined the types of values that variables can
hold
Data Memory
Type Allocation Domain Typical Usage
Boolean 2 Bytes True or False Boolean values
Byte 1 Byte 0 to 255 Binary data
Char 2 Bytes 0 to 65535 Unicode characters
0:00:00 on 1/1/0001 to
Date 8 Bytes Date & Time
23:59:59 on 12/31/9999
Real numbers up to 28
Demical 16 Bytes -7.9E+/-28 to 7.9E+/-28
decimal places
-1.7E308 to -4.9E-324 & Double – Precision floating
Double 8 Bytes
4.9E-324 to 1.7E308 – point numbers
7
DATA TYPES CONT.
Data Memory Typical usage – CLR
Type allocation Domain Type
-2,147,438,648 to
Integer 4Bytes Integers (Int32)
2,147,483,647
Long 8 Bytes -9E18 to 9E18 Long Integers (Int64)
Reference to objects or
Object 4 Bytes -
Universal data
Short 2 Bytes -32,768 to 32,767 Short Integers
-3.4E+38 to -1.4E-45 Single-precision
Single 4 Bytes
& 1.4E-45 to 3.4E+38 Floating-point numbers

Depends on 2 billion Unicode


String
platform characters Variable length text
8
ENCLOSING CHARACTERS
 Variables of some data types require to enclose literals
with an enclosing character at the assignment

Data type Enclosing character Example

Char “ “A”
Date # #5/31/1983#
String “ “perera”

9
CONSTANTS
 Constant
 Like a variable, holds data
 Unlike a variable, content is not allowed to change within the
program flow
 Identifier must be unique within its scope
 Syntax: const Identifier [As DataType] = Value

 Possible to declare several contents of same data type or of


different data types in one statement
 Greatly improve the readability of code when using
meaningful identifiers
 Make the code easier to maintain
10
CONVERT CLASS
 Methods in this class converts data type from
one base type to another
 Includes in the System namespace
 Name of each conversion method is followed by
the name of the intended data type
Number = cint (txtNumber.Text)
 Can also use conversion functions to get the
same result
Number = cint (txtNumber.Text)
 Ctype functions operate on two arguments
Number = Ctype (txtNumber.Text, Integer)
11
CONVERSION FUNCTION EXAMPLE
Function Return Type Example
Cbool Boolean blnResult = Cbool (intResult)
Cdate Date datResult = Cdate (txtDate.Text)
Cdbl Decimal dblAnswer = CDbl (decNumber)
Cdec Double DecNumber = Cdec (txtNumber. Text)
Cint Integer IntNumber = Cint (txtNumber. Text)
CLng Long IngNumber = CLng (txtNumber. Text)
CObj Object Objobject = CObj (txtNumber. Text)
CShort Short SrtNumber = CShort (txtNumber. Text)
CSng Single Sngnumber = CSng (txtNumber. Text)
CStr Strict striDNumber = CStr (intIDNumber)
CType Specific Type dsDataSet = CType (DataInput, Dataset)
intNumber = CType ((txtNumber.Text, integer)
12
ASSIGNMENT OPERATOR
 Assigns the expression at right-side of the
operator to the variable or property on its
left side
 Syntax
Variable = Expression
 Expression on the right-side could be any
combination of
 Literals
 Variables or properties
 Boolean expressions
 Function calls that return values
13
BASIC MATH OPERATORS
 Perform arithmetic operations on the
operands on their either-side
 + for addition & string concatenation
 - for subtraction & indicating the negativity
 * for multiplication
 / for floating-point division
 \ for integer division
 ^ to raise a number to the power of another
number
 Mod to divide two numbers & return the
remainder 14
OPERATOR PRECEDENCE
 Operator precedence
 The order in which an expression is evaluated when
several operators exist in the expression
 Basic math operator precedence in descending order
 Exponentiation (^)
 Unary negation (-)
 Multiplication & floating-point division (*,/)
 Integer division (\)
 Modules arithmetic (Mod)
15
 Addition & subtraction (+,-), String concatenation (+)
OPERATOR PRECEDENCE
 When operators of equal precedence exist in an
expression, their operations are evaluated from
left to right

 Parentheses can be used to override the default


order of precedence

 Operations within parentheses are always


performed before those that are in outside
16
SPECIAL PURPOSE ASSIGNMENT
OPERATORS
 += operator
 Adds the value of an expression to the value of a
variable & assigns the result to the variable
 Also concatenates a string expression to the
content of a string variable & assigns the result to
the string variable
 Syntax
variable += Expression
 Equivalent to variable = variable + expression
 Other special purpose assignment operators
 -=, *=, /=, \=, ^=, &=
17
END OF THE LECTURE

 Any

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