Assignment 7 (MATH 215, Q1)

1. Use Green’s theorem to calculate the line integral along the given positively oriented
curve.
Z
(a) (x2 + y) dx + (xy 2 ) dy , where C is the closed curve determined by x = y 2 and
C
y = −x with 0 ≤ x ≤ 1.
√
Solution. Denote by Q the region {(x, y) : 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, − x ≤ y ≤ −x}. By Green’s
theorem, we have
Z ZZ h
2 ∂
2 ∂ 2 i
(x + y) dx + (xy ) dy = (xy 2 ) − (x + y) dA
C Q ∂x ∂y
ZZ Z 1 Z −x
= (y 2 − 1) dA = √
(y 2 − 1) dy dx
Q 0 − x
Z 1
1 1  7
= − x3 + x + x3/2 − x1/2 dx = − .
0 3 3 60
Z
(b) F · dr , where F(x, y) = (y 2 − x2 y) i + xy 2 j and C consists of the circle
C √ √ √ √
x2 + y 2 = 4 from (2, 0) to ( 2, 2) and the line segments from ( 2, 2) to (0, 0)
and from (0, 0) to (2, 0).
Solution. F = P i + Q j, where P (x, y) = y 2 − x2 y and Q(x, y) = xy 2 . By Green’s
theorem, we have Z ZZ 
∂Q ∂P 
F · dr = − dA,
C D ∂x ∂y
where D = {(x, y) : x2 + y 2 ≤ 4, 0 ≤ y ≤ x}. Thus, we have
Z ZZ h
∂ ∂ 2 i
F · dr = (xy 2 ) − (y − x2 y) dA
C D ∂x ∂y
ZZ Z π/4 Z 2
= (y 2 + x2 − 2y) dA = (r2 − 2r sin θ)r dr dθ
D 0 0
Z π/4  √
16  8 2 − 16
= 4− sin θ dθ = π + .
0 3 3

2. (a) Find the area of the region enclosed by the graph of the parametric equations
x(t) = sin t cos t, y(t) = sin t, 0 ≤ t ≤ π.
Solution. By Green’s theorem, we have
Z Z π h cos3 t iπ 2
A= x dy = sin t cos t cos t dt = − = .
C 0 3 0 3

1
 (b) Find the area of the region bounded by the graph of the parametric equations
x(t) = cos3 t, y(t) = sin3 t, 0 ≤ t ≤ 2π.
Solution. By Green’s theorem, we have
1 2π
Z Z
1
cos3 t 3 sin2 t cos t + sin3 t 3 cos2 t sin t dt


A= (x dy − y dx) =
2 C 2 0
Z 2π
3 2π 2 3 2π 1 − cos (4t)
Z Z
1 2 2 3π
= 3 sin t cos t dt = sin (2t) dt = dt = .
2 0 8 0 8 0 2 8
3. Find the area of the given surface.
p
(a) The part of the cone z = x2 + y 2 below the plane z = 3.
Solution. The surface can be represented by the vector equation
r(x, y) = x i + y j + z k, (x, y) ∈ Q,
p
where z = x2 + y 2 and Q is the disk {(x, y) : x2 + y 2 ≤ 9}. Note that
∂z x ∂z y
=p and =p .
∂x x2 + y 2 ∂y x2 + y 2
We have s
 ∂z 2  ∂z 2 √
|rx × ry | = + +1= 2.
∂x ∂y
Hence, ZZ √
ZZ √
A= |rx × ry | dA = 2 dA = 9 2 π.
Q Q

(b) The surface with parametric equations

x = u + v, y = u − v, z = (u2 + v 2 )/2, u2 + v 2 ≤ 16.
Solution. Let r(u, v) = (u + v) i + (u − v) j + ((u2 + v 2 )/2) k. We have
 
i j k 
 
ru × rv =  1 1 u  = (u + v) i + (u − v) j − 2 k.
 1 −1 v 
Hence, p p
|ru × rv | = (u + v)2 + (u − v)2 + (−2)2 = 2u2 + 2v 2 + 4.
With Q := {(u, v) : u2 + v 2 ≤ 16} we obtain
ZZ ZZ p
A= |ru × rv | dA = 2u2 + 2v 2 + 4 dA
Q Q
Z 2π
p Z 4 h1 ir=4
= 2r2 + 4 r dr dθ = 2π (2r2 + 4)3/2
0 0 6 r=0
π 208π
= (216 − 8) = .
3 3

2
4. Evaluate the given surface integral.
ZZ
(a) xy dS, where S is the triangle with vertices (1, 0, 0), (0, 2, 0), and (0, 0, 2).
S
Solution. The plane that contains (1, 0, 0), (0, 2, 0), and (0, 0, 2) has an equation
y z
x+ + = 1 or z = 2 − 2x − y.
2 2

Thus, with Q = {(x, y) : 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, 0 ≤ y ≤ 2 − 2x}, we have

ZZ ZZ s
 ∂z 2  ∂z 2
xy dS = xy + + 1 dA
S Q ∂y ∂x
ZZ √ √ Z 1Z 2−2x
= xy 6 dA = 6 xy dy dx
Q 0 0
√ Z 1
(2 − 2x)2 √ Z 1
= 6 x dx = 6 (2x3 − 4x2 + 2x) dx
0 2
√0
√ h1 4 4 3 i1 6
= 6 x − x + x2 = .
2 3 0 6
ZZ
(b) xy dS, where S is the part of the surface z = x2 + y over the unit square
S
Q = {(x, y) : 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, 0 ≤ y ≤ 1}.
Solution. We have
ZZ ZZ s
 ∂z 2  ∂z 2
xy dS = xy + + 1 dA
S Q ∂x ∂y
ZZ p
= xy 4x2 + 2 dA
Q
Z 1 Z 1 p
= y dy x 4x2 + 2 dx
0 0
 x=1
1 1 2 3/2
= (4x + 2)
2 12 x=0
1 √ √
1 √ √
= 6 6−2 2 = (3 6 − 2).
24 12

3
5. Evaluate the given surface integral.
ZZ
(a) x2 z 2 dS, where S is the part of the cylinder x2 + y 2 = a2 between the planes
S
z = 0 and z = 1.
Solution. The surface S can be represented by

r(t, z) = a cos t i + a sin t j + z k, (t, z) ∈ Q,

where Q = {(t, z) : 0 ≤ t ≤ 2π, 0 ≤ z ≤ 1}. We have

 

 i j k 
rt × rz =  −a sin t a cos t 0  = a cos t i + a sin t j.
 0 0 1
p
It follows that |rt × rz | = (a cos t)2 + (a sin t)2 = a. Hence,
ZZ ZZ
2 2
(a cos t)2 z 2 rt × rz  dA
 
x z dS =
S Q
Z 2π Z 1
= (a2 cos2 t)z 2 a dz dt
0 0
2π 1
πa3
Z Z
3 1 + cos(2t) 2
=a dt z dz = .
0 2 0 3
ZZ
(b) (x2 z + y 2 z) dS, where S is the hemisphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 4, z ≥ 0.
S
Solution. The surface S has parametric equations

r(φ, θ) = x(φ, θ) i + y(φ, θ) j + z(φ, θ) k = 2 sin φ cos θ i + 2 sin φ sin θ j + 2 cos φ k,

where 0 ≤ φ ≤ π/2, 0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π. We have

 
rφ × rθ  = 4 sin φ.

Moreover,
x2 z + y 2 z = (x2 + y 2 )z = 4 sin2 φ 2 cos φ = 8 sin2 φ cos φ.
Hence,
ZZ Z 2π Z π/2
2 2
(x z + y z) dS = 8 sin2 φ cos φ 4 sin φ dφ dθ
S 0 0
Z π/2
= 2π 32 sin3 φ cos φ dφ
0
h sin4 φ iπ/2
= 64π = 16π.
4 0