PVSYST V6.84 MSpectrum Inc.

(Philippines) 24/09/20 Page 1/6

Grid-Connected System: Simulation parameters

Project : Meralco on Solar
Geographical Site Meralco on Solar Country Philippines
Situation Latitude 14.59° N Longitude 121.06° E
Time defined as Legal Time Time zone UT+8 Altitude 40 m
Albedo 0.20
Meteo data: Meralco on Solar Meteonorm 7.2 - Synthetic

Simulation variant : CWC Merlin 105 Wp + Abb 50 + 20KW

Simulation date 24/09/20 22h10
Simulation for the 1st year of operation

Simulation parameters System type No 3D scene defined, no shadings

2 orientations tilts/azimuths 10°/-39° and 10°/141°
Models used Transposition Perez Diffuse Perez, Meteonorm
Horizon Free Horizon
Near Shadings No Shadings
User's needs : Unlimited load (grid)

PV Arrays Characteristics (2 kinds of array defined)

PV module Si-mono Model FX 24L-105
Custom parameters definition Manufacturer Merlin Solar Technologies
Sub-array "Sub-array #1" Mixed orient. #1/2: 3/5 strings Tilt/Azimuth 10°/-39°, 10°/141°
Number of PV modules In series 35 modules In parallel 8 strings
Total number of PV modules Nb. modules 280 Unit Nom. Power 105 Wp
Array global power Nominal (STC) 29.40 kWp At operating cond. 26.50 kWp (50°C)
Array operating characteristics (50°C) U mpp 400 V I mpp 66 A
Sub-array "Sub-array #2" Mixed orient. #1/2: 5/10 strings Tilt/Azimuth 10°/-39°, 10°/141°
Number of PV modules In series 35 modules In parallel 15 strings
Total number of PV modules Nb. modules 525 Unit Nom. Power 105 Wp
Array global power Nominal (STC) 55.1 kWp At operating cond. 49.7 kWp (50°C)
Array operating characteristics (50°C) U mpp 400 V I mpp 124 A
Total Arrays global power Nominal (STC) 85 kWp Total 805 modules
Module area 608 m² Cell area 472 m²

Sub-array "Sub-array #1" : Inverter Model TRIO-27.6-TL-OUTD-400 (27,6 kWac max)

Original PVsyst database Manufacturer ABB
Characteristics Operating Voltage 200-950 V Unit Nom. Power 27.6 kWac
Inverter pack Nb. of inverters 2 * MPPT 50 % Total Power 28 kWac
Pnom ratio 1.07
Sub-array "Sub-array #2" : Inverter Model TRIO-50_0-TL-OUTD-400
Custom parameters definition Manufacturer ABB
Characteristics Operating Voltage 250-950 V Unit Nom. Power 50.0 kWac
Inverter pack Nb. of inverters 1 units Total Power 50 kWac
Pnom ratio 1.10
Total Nb. of inverters 2 Total Power 78 kWac

PV Array loss factors

Array Soiling Losses Average loss Fraction 2.0 %
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec.
2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0%

PVsyst Licensed to MSpectrum Inc. (Philippines)

 PVSYST V6.84 MSpectrum Inc. (Philippines) 24/09/20 Page 2/6

Grid-Connected System: Simulation parameters

Thermal Loss factor Uc (const) 20.0 W/m²K Uv (wind) 0.0 W/m²K / m/s
Wiring Ohmic Loss Array#1 63 mOhm
Loss Fraction 0.9 % at STC
Array#2 63 mOhm
Loss Fraction 1.7 % at STC
Global Loss Fraction 1.3 % at STC
Module Quality Loss Loss Fraction 2.5 %
Module Mismatch Losses Loss Fraction 1.0 % at MPP
Strings Mismatch loss Loss Fraction 0.10 %
Module average degradation Year no 1 Loss factor 0.4 %/year
Mismatch due to degradation Imp RMS dispersion 0.4 %/year Vmp RMS dispersion 0.4 %/year
Incidence effect, ASHRAE parametrization IAM = 1 - bo (1/cos i - 1) bo Param. 0.05

System loss factors

AC loss, transfo to injection Grid Voltage 0 kV
Wires: 3x25.0 mm² 20 m Loss Fraction 0.5 % at STC
External transformer Iron loss (24H connexion) 82 W Loss Fraction 0.1 % at STC
Resistive/Inductive losses 28.0 mOhm Loss Fraction 1.0 % at STC
Unavailability of the system 7.3 days, 5 periods Time fraction 2.0 %

PVsyst Licensed to MSpectrum Inc. (Philippines)

 PVSYST V6.84 MSpectrum Inc. (Philippines) 24/09/20 Page 3/6

Grid-Connected System: Main results

Project : Meralco on Solar
Simulation variant : CWC Merlin 105 Wp + Abb 50 + 20KW
Simulation for the 1st year of operation

Main system parameters System type No 3D scene defined, no shadings

PV Field Orientation 2 orientations Tilt/Azimuth = 10°/-39° and 10°/141°
PV modules Model FX 24L-105 Pnom 105 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 805 Pnom total 84.5 kWp
Inverter TRIO-27.6-TL-OUTD-400 (27,6 kWac max) Pnom 27.60 kW ac
Inverter TRIO-50_0-TL-OUTD-400 Pnom 50.0 kW ac
Inverter pack Nb. of units 2.0 Pnom total 77.6 kW ac
User's needs Unlimited load (grid)

Main simulation results

System Production Produced Energy 101.8 MWh/year Specific prod. 1205 kWh/kWp/year
Performance Ratio PR 73.83 %

Normalized productions (per installed kWp): Nominal power 84.5 kWp Performance Ratio PR

7 1.0
Lc : Collection Loss (PV-array losses) 0.93 kWh/kWp/day PR : Performance Ratio (Yf / Yr) : 0.738
0.9
Ls : System Loss (inverter, ...) 0.24 kWh/kWp/day
6
Yf : Produced useful energy (inverter output) 3.3 kWh/kWp/day
0.8
[kWh/kWp/day]

5 0.7
Performance Ratio PR

0.6
4
Energy

0.5

3
0.4
Normalized

2 0.3

0.2
1
0.1

0 0.0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

CWC Merlin 105 Wp + Abb 50 + 20KW

Balances and main results

GlobHor DiffHor T_Amb GlobInc GlobEff EArray E_Grid PR

kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh

January 121.2 60.14 25.90 117.4 110.4 7.97 7.58 0.764

February 127.8 64.67 26.47 124.4 117.4 8.38 7.97 0.758
March 169.6 69.53 27.83 167.1 158.4 11.01 10.46 0.741
April 176.5 71.31 29.00 175.2 166.4 11.42 10.63 0.718
May 164.1 80.52 29.07 163.5 155.0 10.78 10.25 0.742
June 148.2 91.91 28.08 147.9 139.8 9.96 9.08 0.727
July 137.5 84.43 27.74 136.6 129.0 9.19 8.00 0.693
August 125.5 79.41 27.55 124.8 118.0 8.43 8.00 0.758
September 127.2 76.59 27.05 125.3 118.3 8.46 8.04 0.759
October 123.3 75.74 27.50 120.4 113.4 8.14 7.74 0.761
November 119.1 64.62 26.71 115.7 108.9 7.86 7.12 0.727
December 117.4 63.38 26.19 113.7 106.7 7.74 6.97 0.725

Year 1657.1 882.26 27.43 1632.0 1541.7 109.33 101.84 0.738

Legends: GlobHor Horizontal global irradiation GlobEff Effective Global, corr. for IAM and shadings
DiffHor Horizontal diffuse irradiation EArray Effective energy at the output of the array
T_Amb T amb. E_Grid Energy injected into grid
GlobInc Global incident in coll. plane PR Performance Ratio

PVsyst Licensed to MSpectrum Inc. (Philippines)

 PVSYST V6.84 MSpectrum Inc. (Philippines) 24/09/20 Page 4/6

Grid-Connected System: Special graphs

Project : Meralco on Solar
Simulation variant : CWC Merlin 105 Wp + Abb 50 + 20KW
Simulation for the 1st year of operation

Main system parameters System type No 3D scene defined, no shadings

PV Field Orientation 2 orientations Tilt/Azimuth = 10°/-39° and 10°/141°
PV modules Model FX 24L-105 Pnom 105 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 805 Pnom total 84.5 kWp
Inverter TRIO-27.6-TL-OUTD-400 (27,6 kWac max) Pnom 27.60 kW ac
Inverter TRIO-50_0-TL-OUTD-400 Pnom 50.0 kW ac
Inverter pack Nb. of units 2.0 Pnom total 77.6 kW ac
User's needs Unlimited load (grid)

Daily Input/Output diagram

500
Values from 01/01 to 31/12
400
Energy injected into grid [kWh/day]

300

200

100

-100
0 2 4 6 8 10
Global incident in coll. plane [kWh/m².day]

System Output Power Distribution

3000
Values from 01/01 to 31/12
2500
Energy injected into grid [kWh / Bin]

2000

1500

1000

500

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Power injected into grid [kW]

PVsyst Licensed to MSpectrum Inc. (Philippines)

 PVSYST V6.84 MSpectrum Inc. (Philippines) 24/09/20 Page 5/6

Grid-Connected System: Loss diagram

Project : Meralco on Solar
Simulation variant : CWC Merlin 105 Wp + Abb 50 + 20KW
Simulation for the 1st year of operation

Main system parameters System type No 3D scene defined, no shadings

PV Field Orientation 2 orientations Tilt/Azimuth = 10°/-39° and 10°/141°
PV modules Model FX 24L-105 Pnom 105 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 805 Pnom total 84.5 kWp
Inverter TRIO-27.6-TL-OUTD-400 (27,6 kWac max) Pnom 27.60 kW ac
Inverter TRIO-50_0-TL-OUTD-400 Pnom 50.0 kW ac
Inverter pack Nb. of units 2.0 Pnom total 77.6 kW ac
User's needs Unlimited load (grid)

Loss diagram over the whole year

1657 kWh/m² Horizontal global irradiation

-1.51% Global incident in coll. plane

-0.06% Global incident below threshold
-3.61% IAM factor on global
-2.00% Soiling loss factor

1542 kWh/m² * 472 m² Cells Effective irradiation on cells

efficiency at STC = 18.04% PV conversion

131.3 MWh Array nominal energy (at STC effic.)

-0.20% Module Degradation Loss ( for year #1)
-1.19% PV loss due to irradiance level

-11.53% PV loss due to temperature

-2.50% Module quality loss

-1.10% Mismatch loss, modules and strings
-0.91% Ohmic wiring loss
-0.01% Mixed orientation mismatch loss
109.5 MWh Array virtual energy at MPP

-3.62% Inverter Loss during operation (efficiency)

0.00% Inverter Loss over nominal inv. power
-0.14% Inverter Loss due to max. input current
0.00% Inverter Loss over nominal inv. voltage
-0.01% Inverter Loss due to power threshold
0.00% Inverter Loss due to voltage threshold
105.4 MWh Available Energy at Inverter Output

-2.00% System unavailability

-0.23% AC ohmic loss
-1.13% External transfo loss
101.8 MWh Energy injected into grid

PVsyst Licensed to MSpectrum Inc. (Philippines)

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Grid-Connected System: P50 - P90 evaluation

Project : Meralco on Solar
Simulation variant : CWC Merlin 105 Wp + Abb 50 + 20KW
Simulation for the 1st year of operation

Main system parameters System type No 3D scene defined, no shadings

PV Field Orientation 2 orientations Tilt/Azimuth = 10°/-39° and 10°/141°
PV modules Model FX 24L-105 Pnom 105 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 805 Pnom total 84.5 kWp
Inverter TRIO-27.6-TL-OUTD-400 (27,6 kWac max) Pnom 27.60 kW ac
Inverter TRIO-50_0-TL-OUTD-400 Pnom 50.0 kW ac
Inverter pack Nb. of units 2.0 Pnom total 77.6 kW ac
User's needs Unlimited load (grid)

Evaluation of the Production probability forecast

The probability distribution of the system production forecast for different years is mainly dependent
on the meteo data used for the simulation, and depends on the following choices:
Meteo data source Meteonorm 7.2
Meteo data Kind Not defined Year 1995
Specified Deviation Year deviation from aver. 3%
Year-to-year variability Variance 2.8 %

The probability distribution variance is also depending on some system parameters uncertainties
Specified Deviation PV module modelling/parameters 1.0 %
Inverter efficiency uncertainty 0.5 %
Soiling and mismatch uncertainties 1.0 %
Degradation uncertainty 1.0 %
Global variability (meteo + system) Variance 3.3 % (quadratic sum)

Annual production probability Variability 3.4 MWh

P50 101.8 MWh
P90 97.5 MWh
P75 99.6 MWh

Probability distribution

0.50

0.45
P50 = 101841 kWh
0.40 E_Grid simul = 101841 kWh

0.35
P75 = 99558 kWh
0.30
Probability

0.25

0.20
P90 = 97498 kWh
0.15

0.10

0.05

0.00
92000 94000 96000 98000 100000 102000 104000 106000 108000 110000 112000
E_Grid system production kWh

PVsyst Licensed to MSpectrum Inc. (Philippines)