FGR2 User Manual
FGR2 User Manual
FGR2-C-U
FGR2-CE-U
FGR2-T-U
FGR2-WC
Covering Firmware v10.7.04
User Manual
Warning! Do not remove or insert the Ethernet or diagnostics cable while circuit is live unless the
area is known to be free of ignition concentrations of flammable gasses or vapors.
Warning! Do not connect the FGR2 series radios to DC power without terminating the antenna port
to a suitable load, such as a 50 ohm antenna, or an attenuator with a power rating greater than or
equal to 2 W. Powering up without a load attached will damage the radio and void the warranty.
Table Of Contents
Preface 8
1. Introduction 11
1.1. Choose a Radio Location 12
1.2. Choosing Point-to-Point or Point-to-MultiPoint Operation 12
1.2.1. Point-to-Point (PTP) Network 12
1.2.2. Point-to-MultiPoint (PTMP) Network 12
Differences between PTP and PTMP 13
1.3. Data Communication Link Examples 14
1.3.1. Example 1 - Point-to-Point Gateway to Endpoint 14
1.3.2. Example 2 - Gateway Repeater Endpoint 14
1.3.3. Example 3 - Two Repeaters 14
1.3.4. Example 4 - Multiple Radios 15
1.3.5. Example 5 - Point-to-MultiPoint 16
1.3.6. Example 6 - Point-to-MultiPoint with a Repeater Site 17
1.4. Finding the Product Serial Number 18
1.5. Powering the Radio 19
1.6. Configuration Tool Options 19
1.6.1. Tool Suite and Terminal Emulators 20
1.7. Radio Setup Mode 20
1.7.1. Using Tool Suite to Connect to and Program Radios 21
1.7.2. Access the Setup Menu Using a Terminal Emulator 23
1.7.3. Connecting and Disconnecting from HyperTerminal 24
1.7.4. Troubleshooting HyperTerminal 25
Change the COM Port 25
Change the Baud Rate 26
Change the Flow Control 26
Change the Parity 27
1.8. Upgrade the Radios to the Latest Software Version 27
2. Basic Radio Programming and Setup 29
2.1. Setting the Radio's Role in the Network and the Network Type 30
2.2. Establishing Communication with Instrumentation and Computers 33
2.2.1. Baud Rate 33
2.2.2. Data Parity 34
2.2.3. Flow Control 34
2.2.4. Modbus RTU 35
2.2.5. Serial Interface 36
2.2.6. Setup Port 36
2.2.7. Turn Off Delay 37
Preface
Thank you for purchasing the FreeWave FGR2 Wireless Data Radios radio.
This document includes information about the FreeWave FGR2 serial radio:
l A basic introduction to the radio and how to determine the mode to run it in.
l Examples of how FreeWave radios can exist in a network with other radios.
l How to access the setup parameters available on the radio.
l Basic radio programming and setup information that applies to all network types.
l Considerations and quick starts for the network design, including charts of LED meanings.
l Details about defining a MultiPoint network including the use of Subnet IDs to route
information through the network.
l Steps to view statistics about a radio's performance.
l Pinouts and mechanical drawings.
Additional Information
This User Manual covers settings and configurations that apply to FreeWave spread spectrum
radios.
Some radio models have specific settings and configurations that apply to only that model. For
information about a specific model or additional information about using the radios, see these
addendums and Application Notes:
l Cathodic Protection User Manual Addendum
l FGR Radio Modem in Mirrored Bit Mode User Manual Addendum
l Application Note #5412: Synchronizing Collocated Masters (Multi-Master Sync Mode)
l Application Note #5476: Mode 6
Document Styles
This document uses these styles:
l FreeWave applications appear as: FreeWave.
l Parameter setting text appears as: [Page=radioSettings]
l File names appear as: configuration.cfg.
l File paths appear as: C:\Program Files (x86)\FreeWave Technologies.
l User-entered text appears as: xxxxxxxxx.
Caution: Indicates a situation that MAY cause damage to personnel, the radio, data, or
network.
Warning! Indicates a situation that WILL cause damage to personnel, the radio, data, or
network.
Documentation Feedback
Send comments or questions about this document's content to [email protected]. In the
email, include the title of the document or the document's part number and revision letter (found in
the footer).
Parameter Preference
The Parameter Preference table describes the available parameters.
<Parameter Name>
Setting Description
Default Setting: The factory default setting for the parameter.
Options: The options the parameter can be set to.
Setup Terminal The menu path and field name to access the parameter using the terminal menus
Menu: available through the serial port.
Description: A description of what the parameter is and how it applies to the radio in the
network.
1. Introduction
FreeWave radios operate in virtually any environment where serial data communications occur. A
pair of radios functions as a 9-pin null modem cable.
l If the FreeWave radios are used in an application where a null modem cable is used, (e.g.,
communications between two computers) the FreeWave radios can be connected directly.
l If FreeWave radios are used to replace a straight-through RS232 cable, then a null modem
cable must be placed between the radio and the Data Communication Equipment (DCE)
instrument it is connected to.
Note: FreeWave offers directional and Omni-directional antennas with cable lengths ranging from 3
to 200 feet.
In extreme cases, such as when interference is due to a Pager or Cellular Telephone tower, the
band pass filters that FreeWave offers, may reduce this out-of-band noise.
Note: A maximum of four Repeaters can be added to extend the reach of the network.
Traditionally, a MultiPoint network is used in applications where data is collected from many
instruments and reported back to one central site. The architecture of such a network is different
from Point-to-Point applications. These parameters influence the number of radios that can exist
in a MultiPoint network:
l Data block size.
l The longer the data blocks, the fewer number of deployed Slave radios can exist in the
network.
l Baud rate.
l The data rate between the radio and the device it is connected to could limit the amount
Example: If the network polls once a day to retrieve sparse data, several hundred Slave radios could
be configured to a single Master.
However, if each Slave transmits larger amounts of data or data more frequently, fewer Slave radios
can link to the Master while receiving the same network performance.
When larger amounts of data are sent more frequently, the overall network bandwidth is closer to
capacity with fewer Slave radios.
l It may be desirable to use external Omni-directional antennas with the Repeaters, and
attaching a Yagi antenna to the Master and Slave radio to increase the range of the link.
l When two Repeaters are used no further degradation in the RF throughput of the link is
experienced.
The serial number is three digits, followed by a hyphen, then four digits (e.g., 111-1111), and is
printed on the FreeWave label on the radio.
On radios that are not in an enclosure, the serial number is printed on a label on the back (the flat,
smooth side) of the radio.
This label is in larger print.
Important!: FGR2 radios are UL approved for use between +6.0 to +30.0 VDC.
Warning! If the power supply is above approximately +18.0 to +20.0 VDC, use a 1-ohm
resistor inline with B+ input to the radio.
For more information about pinouts, see RF Board Level Pinout (on page 110).
settings.
l Tool Suite is available for download from www.freewave.com.
Note: For more information about using Tool Suite, see the Tool Suite User Manual in the
Tool Suite software.
Use the Setup Terminal application in Tool Suite to use and view the terminal menus.
It shows the same menus and provides the same programming settings as you see using a
terminal emulator.
FREEWAVE Recommends: Tool Suite is the recommended programming option. EZConfig can
still be used to program older radio models. However, newer radio models and newer firmware
versions are not available in EZConfig.
Example: Option 0 on the Setup main menu in the terminal menu setup is Set Operation Mode.
The corresponding configuration tab for the device in Tool Suite is (0) Operation Mode.
Use the Setup Terminal application in Tool Suite to use and view the terminal menus.
It shows the same menus and provides the same programming settings as you see using a
terminal emulator.
Note: In this document, if the setup procedure in the terminal emulator is different than the procedure
in Tool Suite, the terminal instructions are also included.
Note: OEM boards may also enter Setup when Pin 2 on a 10- or 14-pin connector or Pin 8 on a 24-pin
connector is grounded, or using a break command.
For information about the break command, see Use Break to Access Setup (on page 38).
l The Setup Port parameter on the Baud Rate tab determines whether the main data port
or the diagnostics port is used to access the setup parameters for the radio. For more
information, see Setup Port (on page 36).
l Use the Setup Mode Timeout parameter on the Operation Mode tab to set the radio to
exit Setup Mode automatically. When the setting is enabled, if the radio has not received
any menu selections or programming information within 5 seconds, it exits Setup and
resumes its previous mode.
Note: For Setup mode troubleshooting information, see Troubleshooting (on page 114).
Use Tool Suite to set up a template version of a radio. Templates include settings that apply to
more than one radio in the network.
Note: For more information about using templates, see the Tool Suite User Manual in the Tool Suite
software.
Procedure
1. Connect a serial or diagnostic cable between the computer and the radio.
2. Connect the power supply to the radio and the power source and turn on the radio.
3. Open Tool Suite.
4. In the Applications window, click Configuration to open the Configuration application.
5. Verify the correct port is selected in the Com Port field on the Configuration ribbon.
6. Press the Setup button on the back of the FreeWave radio.
The radio is changed to Setup mode.
Note: If connected to the diagnostics port, the radio changes to Setup mode automatically
when Read Radio is clicked in Tool Suite.
7. Short Pins 2 and 4 (Brown to Black) on the 10-pin header next to the LEDs.
This places a board-level radio into Setup mode.
8. If using a data cable (FreeWave part number: ASC3610DB or ASC3610DJ), press the
Setup button on the data cable.
Note: If using the Setup Terminal application or a terminal emulator and using the gray
ribbon diagnostic cable (part number AC2009DC), or the black diagnostic cable (part number
ASC0409DC), the radio changes to Setup mode automatically when Read Radio is clicked
in Tool Suite.
All three LEDs on the radio are green and stay green as long as the radio is in Setup
mode.
9. On the Configuration ribbon, click Read Radio to read the radio's current settings.
10. Make the necessary parameter changes.
11. On the Network Title ribbon, use one of these options to send the changes to the radio:
l Click Quick to send only the changed parameters.
Note: This option is only available if Read Radio is clicked and parameter settings are
NOT sent from a template to the radio.
Note: For more information about using Tool Suite, see the Tool Suite User Manual in the Tool
Suite software.
Note: For more information about using Tool Suite, see the Tool Suite User Manual in the Tool
Suite software.
Procedure
1. Plug a serial cable into the COM 1 port on the radio.
2. Connect the cable to a COM port on the computer running Tool Suite.
3. Connect the radio to a power source.
4. Open Tool Suite.
5. On the Applications window, click Setup Terminal.
6. Click the Connection list box arrow in the top left of the window and select the COM port
on the computer the radio is connected to.
7. Click Connect.
8. To connect Setup Terminal to the radio, press the Setup button on the back of the
FreeWave radio.
If connected to the diagnostics port, press <Shift+U> to view the Setup menu.
l If using a data cable (FreeWave part number: ASC3610DB or ASC3610DJ), press the
Setup button on the data cable.
l If using the gray ribbon diagnostic cable (P/N AC2009DC), or the black diagnostic
Important!: When navigating through the Setup menu and making changes to the parameters, the
parameters are sent immediately to the radio.
Note: If the settings have not been saved they must be re-selected when HyperTerminal reconnects
to the radio.
Important!: When a change is made to the HyperTerminal settings in an open terminal session, the
connection must be disconnected then reconnected before the settings take effect.
1. Click .
2. On the File menu, click Properties.
3. Click the Connect To tab.
4. Verify the correct COM port is selected.
5. Click OK to close the Properties dialog box.
6. Click .
7. Return the radio to Setup mode.
The Setup menu screen appears.
If the radio has been previously configured, the wrong port could be used to access the Setup
menu.
Note: For more information, see Setup Port (on page 36). Try connecting to the other port.
1. Click .
2. On the File menu, click Properties.
3. Click Configure.
4. Change these settings and click OK:
l Baud Rate to 19200
l Data Bits to 8
l Parity to None
l Stop Bits to 1
l Flow Control to 1
6. Click .
7. Return the radio to Setup mode.
The Setup menu screen appears.
1. Click .
2. On the File menu, click Properties.
3. Click Configure.
4. Change the Flow Control to None, and click OK.
5. Click OK to close the Properties dialog box.
6. Click .
7. Return the radio to Setup mode.
The Setup menu screen appears.
the same.
l HyperTerminal’s parity settings are under the Properties menu.
l The FreeWave radio parity is found under the Baud Rate menu in the Setup menu.
1. In HyperTerminal, click .
2. On the File menu, click Properties.
3. Click Configure.
4. Change the Parity to None, and click OK.
5. Click OK button to close the Properties dialog box.
6. Click .
7. Return the radio to Setup mode.
The Setup menu screen appears.
FREEWAVE Recommends: If using a USB-to-serial converter cable, a software upgrade can take
a long time to complete.
Use USB-to-serial cables that include the FTDI Chip Set to shorten the upgrade time.
This inclusion is listed on the cable's packaging.
See the Application Note #5471 Optimizing Firmware Upgrade Speed While Using a USB-
Serial Adaptor for additional information (available at www.freewave.com).
Note: For more information about using Tool Suite, see the Tool Suite User Manual in the Tool
Suite software.
Procedure
1. With the radio connected to the computer through the COM port, open Tool Suite.
2. In the Applications window, click Configuration to open the Configuration application.
3. In the Firmware area of the Configuration application, click Upgrade Radio.
2. Basic Radio
Programming and Setup
When setting up either a Point-to-MultiPoint network or a Point-to-Point network, the process for
setting up and programming a radio is the same.
This section describes these aspects of programming and setting up a radio:
l Setting the Radio's Role in the Network and the Network Type (on page 30).
l Establishing Communication with Instrumentation and Computers (on page 33).
l Establishing Communication with Other Radios in the Network (on page 39).
l Designate the RF Transmission Characteristics (on page 40).
2.1. Setting the Radio's Role in the Network and the Network
Type
Networks consist of a Master radio and any number of other components including Repeaters,
Slave radios, and radios that act as both a Slave and a Repeater. The first parameter to set in a
radio is its Operation or Modem mode.
The mode tells the radio what network type it is in (Point-to-Point or Point-to-MultiPoint) and what
role it plays (Master, Slave, or Repeater) in that network.
Note: The network type must match for all radios in a network.
If configuring a Point-to-MultiPoint network, verify the Modem Mode selection for radios in the
network starts with Point-to-MultiPoint.
When setting up the radio, remember that the settings on the Master control a number of
parameters.
Therefore, deploying the Master on the communications end where it is easier to access is
advised, but not necessary.
Set the Modem mode on the Operation Mode tab, using the Modem Mode field. These settings
are available in the Operation Mode menu in the terminal interface.
Point-to-Point Slave / Mode 6 allows the radio to be controlled entirely through software
Master Switchable (6) commands.
l A number of key parameters in the FreeWave user interface may be
changed either directly using a terminal emulator or using script files.
l When the Point-to-Point Slave/Master Switchable option is
selected and the radio is not calling a Slave, it functions as a Slave
and accepts any appropriate calls from other radios.
Mirrorbit Master (A) Mirrored Bit Communication is supported in firmware version 8.77 and
Mirrorbit Slave (B) later.
For information about Mirrored Bit Communication, see the
FreeWave:
l Application Note #5424, Using the FGR-115MB Radio with
Schweitzer Engineering Labs Mirrored Bits Communications.
l FGR Radio Modem in Mirrored Bit Mode Addendum.
Ethernet Options (F) This menu is used for Ethernet radios only.
Important!: These settings are unique to each radio, and do not need to match across the network.
Example: A pair of radios may be used in an application to send data from remote process
instrumentation to an engineer's computer.
In this application, the Baud Rate for the radio on the instrumentation might be set to 9600 and the
radio on the polling host might be set to 57,600.
These settings are available in the Baud Rate menu in the terminal interface, and apply to both
Point-to-Point and Point-to-MultiPoint networks.
Note: See the Parameter Preference (on page 10) for a description of the parameter table's content.
Note: With a poor RF link, this may actually result in slower data
communications.
l The Setup Port Baud Rate always defaults to 19,200 no matter how the Data
Port Baud Rate is set.
l The only exception is Mode 6.
l For more information, see Application Note #5476, Mode 6.
Modbus RTU
Setting Description
Default Setting: 0 (Disabled)
Options: 0 to 9
Terminal Menu: (1) Set Baud Rate > (B) Modbus RTU
Description: A setting other than 0 in this parameter causes the radio to wait for an amount of
time gathering data before sending out the RF link.
l 0 (Disabled) - The radio sends data out through its RF link as soon as the data
is received into the serial port. This is the default setting.
l 1 - The radio waits for a number of slots equal to two times the Master Packet
Repeat setting before sending the received data out the RF link.
l 2 or higher - The radio waits for a number of slots calculated using this
formula:
(Modbus RTU setting + Master Packet Repeat setting + 1) x 2
Example: In a radio where the Modbus RTU setting is 2 and the Master
Packet Repeat setting is 3, the radio waits for (2 + 3 + 1) x 2, or 12 slots.
Setup Port
Setting Description
Default Setting: (3) Both
The factory setting is based on the radio type.
l A setting of 2 is used with Ethernet products and Mirrored Bit products.
l A setting of 3 is used in other products.
Setup Port
Setting Description
Options: l (1) Main Only - Programming and reading a radio's setup information is done
through the data port.
l (2) Diagnostics Only - Programming and reading a radio's setup information
is done through the diagnostic port.
l If the Serial interface is set to anything other than RS232, then the Setup
Port must be set to Diagnostics Only.
l (3) Both - Programming and reading a radio's setup information is done
through either the data port or the diagnostic port .
Terminal Menu: (1) Set Baud Rate > (D) Setup Port
Description: Determines which port on the radio, Main or Diagnostics, is used to access the
parameter settings in Tool Suite or enter the Setup main menu in the terminal
interface.
l The main data port is the RS232 port.
l The diagnostics port is a 3-pin connector on the rear panel of the OEM Mini
series radios.
l The diagnostic cable for this port (ASC0409DC) is available from
FreeWave.
l The OEM modules use a 2-row, 2 mm female connector.
l The diagnostic cable for this port (ASC2009DC) is available from
FreeWave.
l A Slave links with the first Master or Repeater that it hears that has a matching Network
ID.
l Because the Network ID does not use serial numbers, MultiPoint Masters and
Repeaters may be replaced without reprogramming all of the Slaves in the network.
The Network ID function should be used in conjunction with the Subnet ID feature (if
necessary) to route data through the radio network.
l Without having the serial numbers in the Call Book, Slaves may establish
communications with different Masters that match the radio's golden settings
described below, though not at the same time. This is very useful in mobile MultiPoint
applications.
l For information about setting the Network ID parameter in a MultiPoint Network, see
to a radio.
l Using the Call Book offers both security and flexibility in determining how FreeWave
Note: For more information about defining the Call Book in a Point-to-Point network, see Using the
Call Book in Point-to-Point Networks (on page 89).
Important!: The parameters on the Transmission Characteristics tab are only for the advanced
user who has a good understanding of the principles of RF transmission.
Several settings on a Slave or Repeater radio come from the Master, and are therefore set only
at the Master. Settings that you must set on each Slave or Repeater include:
l Hop Table Offset
l Hop Table Size
l Hop Table Version
l Retry Time Out
l Slave Security
l Transmit Power
Accept the default settings on the Transmission Characteristics tab when completing basic
setup.
However, these parameters must be set and they must be the same for all radios in the network:
l Frequency Key
l Hop Table properties (Size, Version, and Offset)
l Max Packet Size
l Min Packet Size
l RF Data Rate
Set these parameters on the Transmission Characteristics tab. These settings are available in
the Edit > Radio Transmission Characteristics menu in the terminal interface and apply to
Note: See the Parameter Preference (on page 10) for a description of the parameter table's content.
CLI.
l Specific regional frequencies are set by FreeWave.
l These frequencies are NOT available to customers.
Note: See 900MHz Channel Frequency IDs (on page 131) for the Channel
IDs to use.
Important!: Do NOT use Frequency Key E with the 915 to 928 MHz, 916
to 920 MHz, and 921 to 928 MHz hop tables.
Note: Use the Hop Table Version, Hop Table Size, and Frequency
Zone parameters to define more network differentiation by limiting the
number and location of frequencies the radios may hop in the 902 to 928
MHz band.
Important!: Frequency Zones are NOT valid if Single is selected in the 900MHz Channel Select
Parameters (on page 41).
Caution: Set the Hop Table Version to 902 to 928 MHz when using
Frequency Zones.
If another Hop Table Version is selected, the limitations of that
selection are also applied to the hopping pattern.
Example: If 916 to 920 is used as the Hop Table Version, only the
middle of the band is available in the pattern.
Then, if Frequency Zones 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 are set to 0, no allowable
frequencies are available for the radio to use.
Warning! FCC regulations require a minimum of 50 separate channels be used within a hop
pattern.
Use the 900MHz Frequency Zones Table to determine the number of frequency zones
required for legal FCC use.
Example: Using zones 1 to 7 is equal to 49 channels; this is NOT legal according to the FCC.
Using zones 0 to 6 is equal to 50 channels; this is legal according to the FCC.
Note: Frequency Zone entries begin with 0 (LSB) and continue through 15 (MSB).
Note: When a noise problem is shown to be helped using the High Noise
option, the noise may be further decreased using a bandpass filter
available from FreeWave.
Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics > (0) FreqKey > F > (0) Hop Table
Version
Description: Determines the section of the 900 MHz band the radio uses.
In the terminal interface, enter the number that corresponds to the frequency band:
Terminal
Interface Frequency Band
Number
0 902-928 MHz, uses the full band
1 915-928 MHz
2 903.744-926.3232 MHz
3 916-920 MHz
4 921-928 MHz
5 902-911_919.928 MHz
Uses 902-928 MHz with center frequencies of 911-919 MHz
notched out.
6 902-915 MHz
2.4.8. Max Packet Size and Min Packet Size (Golden Setting)
Note: In MultiPoint networks, the Max Packet Size and Min Packet Size must be set identically in
all radios.
In Point-to-Point networks the Master radio's settings take precedence over the Slave radio.
Example: If small amounts of data are sent and large packet sizes are
selected, a certain amount of time wasted between each packet would be
seen.
l In each over-the-air frame, both the Master and Slave are guaranteed the
number of bytes specified in the Minimum Packet Size parameter.
l In the Master, this is used for maintaining the RF link whether the Gateway
has data to transmit or not.
l The Maximum Packet Size parameter is used to allocate the maximum
number of bytes for each Master transmission.
l The Minimum Packet Size parameter is used to allocate the minimum
number of bytes for each Slave transmission.
l If the Master does not use all the bytes allocated in the Maximum Packet
Size setting minus the Minimum Packet Size setting, then the remaining
bytes are available for the Slave.
MCU Speed
Setting Description
Options: l (0) Normal (low speed) - Reduces current consumption.
l (1) Fast (high speed) - Required for 230 KBaud and greater data port rate.
Note: If the radio is AES enabled and using the encryption functionality,
set this parameter to 3 using the terminal interface.
The value is accepted even though it is not viewable as an option and
applies only when using AES encryption.
For more information about setting up AES encryption, see Enable and Set
Up AES Encryption (on page 97).
Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics > (B) MCU Speed
Description: Controls the speed of the Micro Controller Unit (MCU) in the radio.
Note: While intended primarily for MultiPoint networks, the Retry Time
Out parameter may be changed in Point-to-Point networks.
However, the value in Point-to-Point mode should NOT be set to less than
151.
RTS to CTS
Setting Description
Default Setting: (0) Disabled
Options: l (0) Disabled
l (1) Enabled
l (2) Line Alarm
Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Transmission Characteristics > (7) RTS to CTS
RTS to CTS
Setting Description
Description: Use this option to set the RTS line on the Master radio to control the CTS line of
the Slave.
With RTS to CTS enabled:
l In MultiPoint networks, the Master RTS line controls all Slave's CTS lines.
l The CTS line stops functioning as flow control.
l The Master senses the RTS line prior to all scheduled packet transmissions.
l If the state has changed, the Master then transmits a message to the Slave
with the new status. This transmission occurs regardless of data being
sent.
l If data is ready to be sent, the RTS status message is sent in addition to the
data.
l In Point-to-Point mode, the Master continues sending the new status message
until it receives an acknowledgment from the Slave.
l In MultiPoint mode, the Master repeats the message the number of times
equal to the Master Packet Repeat value in the MultiPoint Parameters tab.
l Master transmit times are completely asynchronous to the occurrence of any
change of the RTS line; the latency time from RTS to CTS is variable.
l The Max and Min Packet Size parameters determine this duration.
l Setting both parameters to their maximum value of 9 produces a maximum
latency time of approximately 21ms, given no Repeaters in the network.
l At the minimum settings for Max and Min Packet Size (0), the time is
approximately 5.9ms.
l This latency can increase significantly if packets are lost between the Master
and Slave.
l In Point-to-MultiPoint mode, no absolute guarantee is made that the state
change is communicated to all Slaves.
l In MultiPoint networks with Repeaters present, the latency is cumulative for
each serial Repeater.
Example: If the latency between the Master and the first Repeater is
15ms, and two serial Repeaters are present, the total latency is 45ms.
(M—R1 (15ms) + R1—R2 (15ms) + R2—S (15ms) = 45ms).
l If DTR Connect on the Tool Suite MultiPoint Parameters tab is enabled and
set to 2, the RTS to CTS feature does not work.
RTS to CTS
Setting Description
l If DTR Connect is enabled and set to 1, RTS to CTS mode takes precedence
over the functionality of the CTS line on the Slave relating to the DTR
Connect feature.
Slave Security
Setting Description
Default Setting: (0) On
Options: (0) On
(1) Off
Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Transmission Characteristics > (6) Slave Security
Description: l Slave Security allows Slave radios to accept transmissions from a Master not
included in the Call Book.
l The default setting of 0 (On) means only Masters in the Slave radio's Call
Book may link to that Slave.
l The Slave Security parameter may be disabled (setting of 1) allowing any
Master to call the Slave.
l The Slave Security parameter must be set to 1 when the unit is operating in
Mode 6, Slave/Master Switchable or a Point-to-Point network where the Slave
may need to accept calls from more than 10 different Masters.
l See Application Note #5476: Mode 6 for additional information.
l When the Slave Security parameter is set to 1, the radio accepts calls from
any other radio.
l Additional network security measures may be taken to prevent unauthorized
access (e.g., changing default settings for Frequency Key, Hop Table, or
Frequency Zones).
Transmit Power
Setting Description
Description: Sets the output power of the radio in dBm.
l In FGR2 radios, a setting of 10 is approximately 1 W of output power.
When testing radios, and they are in close proximity to one another,
set the Transmit Power parameter to a low number.
When deploying radios to the field, raise the Transmit Power
number accordingly.
Important!: This table is for reference only. All Transmit Power settings below 9 are approximate.
Transmit Rate
Setting Description
Description: FGR2 radios have two available Transmit Rate settings.
l The setting for normal operation of the radio is 1.
l When set to 0, the radios transmit back and forth continuously regardless if
they have any actual data.
l 0 should be used only as a diagnostic tool and not for normal operation.
l The strength of the signal may be gauged by the Clear to Send (CTS) LED.
l A solid red ( ) CTS LED indicates a strong signal.
l A blinking ( ) CTS LED indicates a weaker signal.
0 is useful to qualitatively gauge signal strength in Point-to-Point mode.
3. Configuring
Point-to-MultiPoint Networks
When installing MultiPoint networks it is important to do some up front planning around the
devices to implement and the route the data is going to take back to the Master. A MultiPoint
network can contain the following devices:
l Only one Master. All communications are from and to the Master.
l An unlimited number of Slave radios (remote sites).
l An unlimited number of Repeaters between any Slave and the Master.
l Serial Repeaters can be Slave radios and Repeaters at the same time.
This section provides details about the setup that applies specifically to a MultiPoint network:
l Point to MultiPoint network characteristics.
l Using the Network ID or the Call Book to establish which radios in the network can
communicate with each other.
l Using subnet IDs to route traffic through the network, back to the Master.
l Settings and recommendations for additional parameters that apply to a MultiPoint
network.
l Conserving power in devices within the network.
l Running network diagnostics.
Note: See Routing Communications through the Network (on page 68) and Assigning Subnet ID
Values (on page 68) for additional information.
CRC, that Slave ignores any additional repeats of the data, and passes the data to its
data port.
l Repeaters in the network send data to Slave radios and other Repeaters.
Setup mode.
l When in Setup mode, all three LEDs on the radio are solid green.
l If using a data cable to connect to the radio, follow the prompt to press the radio's
Note: A MultiPoint network can have only one Master, unless running in Multi-Master Sync
mode.
For more information, see Multi-Master Sync (on page 101).
l RF Data Rate
Note: If several independent MultiPoint networks are located in close proximity, it is very
important to include as much frequency and time diversity as possible through use of different
Frequency Key, Min and Max Packet Size, and Hop Table settings.
FREEWAVE Recommends: Set the Network ID to the last three or four digits of the Master
radio's serial number if it is below 4095.
This value must be the same in all radios in the network.
Important!: A setting of 255 disables the Network ID feature and enables the Call Book.
Note: This option is only available if Read Radio is clicked and parameter settings are
NOT sent from a template to the radio.
Use the Tool Suite Setup Terminal application if a terminal emulator is not available.
4. Connect to COMx (where 'x' is the number of the COM connected port).
5. Set these options:
l Data Rate: 19,200
l Data Bits: 8
l Parity: None
l Stop Bits: 1
lThe three LEDs on the radio should all turn green , indicating Setup mode.
l The Main menu appears on the screen.
Note: A MultiPoint network can have only one Master, unless running in Multi-Master Sync
mode.
For more information, see Multi-Master Sync (on page 101).
l RF Data Rate
Note: The Frequency Key option is located in the F submenu after pressing 0 to access the
Frequency Key menu in Main menu 3.
Note: A 255 setting disables the Network ID feature and enables the Call Book.
FREEWAVE Recommends: Set the Network ID to the last three or four digits of the Master
radio's serial number if it is below 4095.
This value must be the same in all radios in the network.
18. Press <Esc> to exit the Setup menu and resume normal radio operation.
Note: *In an idle condition, the CTS LED is solid red with a solid link, as the link weakens the CTS LED on the Repeater and Slave begins
to blink .
Note: For more information about the installation of Point-to-MultiPoint networks, contact FreeWave
Technical Support.
See Contact FreeWave Technical Support on page 9
l To help ensure the ID is unique to the network, avoid using numbers that coincide with
nearby landmarks or highways.
Example: Use the last four digits of the Master serial number if it is below 4095.
This is ensured to be unique and does not overlap with other nearby FreeWave networks.
l Use the Network ID function in conjunction with the Subnet ID feature (if necessary) to
route data through the radio network.
Important!: Using the Call Book in a MultiPoint network can cause delay in resuming
communications if a Master is damaged.
Note: For information about setting the Call Book, see Using the Call Book in Point-to-Point
Networks on page 89.
In a MultiPoint network, the Slave radios and Repeaters are not listed in the Master radio's Call
Book. Slave radios must have the Master and any Repeater it is going to use in its Call Book.
These examples show the Call Book of a MultiPoint network comprised of a Master, Repeater,
and Slave in which the Slave can communicate either through the Repeater or directly to the
Master.
MultiPoint Master Call Book (Unit Serial Number 900-0001)
Note: No serial number entries are necessary in the Master’s Call Book.
At times, the Slave radios need to be forced to go through a specific MultiPoint Repeater.
In this scenario, the Slave radio's Call Book should contain only the serial number for that
Repeater as the entry on line 0.
Note: Forcing the communications path optimizes the performance of the network by ensuring the
Repeater or Slave links to a Repeater or Master with robust RF communications. Subnet IDs can
help to minimize latency.
l Tx - This setting identifies the ID this device transmits on and which devices listen to it.
l The Tx Subnet ID parameter is relevant for MultiPoint Master radios and Repeaters
only.
l In the terminal interface, this is the Xmt Subnet ID.
F, F Subnet ID.
l Setting both Rx and Tx Subnet ID to 0 allows a mobile Slave to roam from subnet to
subnet, and possibly from network to network, provided the Network ID, Max and Min
Packet Size, and RF Data Rates are the same between networks.
The examples in this section show the subnet definitions from the Master radio through the
network to the Slave radios. When the subnet path is defined, the Slave radios can follow the
route back to the Master.
Note: See the Parameter Preference (on page 10) for a description of the parameter table's content.
Note: The Master must have a 1 PPS pulse on the DTR pin, otherwise the RF network will
not function.
3.7.2. Diagnostics
Diagnostics
Setting Description
Default Setting: 0 (Disabled)
Options: Any number between 0 and 128
Terminal Menu: (5) Edit MultiPoint Parameters > (B) Diagnostics
Description: Allows diagnostics data in the Network Diagnostics in Tool Suite to be viewed at
the Master radio in parallel with application data.
l The setting in this parameter determines how many slots out of 128 are
dedicated to diagnostics.
l Diagnostics is always secondary to actual transmitted data.
Example: If set to 10, 1 out of every 10 data slots is for diagnostics data.
If set to 100, 1 out of every 100 data slots is for diagnostics data.
DTR Connect
Setting Description
Terminal Menu: (5) MultiPoint parameters > (4) DTR Connect
Description: Determines how the radio sends its data.
Note: This mode is valuable when a network has many low data rate
devices and to increase overall network capacity.
The radio has two separate transmit and receive user data buffers of 2kb each.
Important!: This Master does NOT take the place of the network Master.
Note: For more information, see Application Note #5457, Local Mode
(available from www.freewave.com).
The Master Packet Repeat parameter may be set to 0 if the user software is
capable of, or requires acknowledgment.
In this case, if the Master sends a packet that the Slave radio does not receive,
the user software controls the retries as needed.
Example: If a Master's Master Packet Repeat parameter setting is 3, the link between the Master
and Repeater should be robust.
If the Repeater's Master Packet Repeat parameter setting is 0, this could cause marginal links
between the Repeater and the Slaves.
The Slaves communicating through this Repeater only receive the initial packet from the Master with
no repeats.
Therefore, if the packet is not received on the first try, the Slave radio does not respond as expected.
Note: The Master Packet Repeat parameter setting in any MultiPoint Repeater must be less than
or equal to the Master's setting.
3.7.8. Radio ID
Radio ID
Setting Description
Default Setting: Blank
Options: Any 4 digit, user-defined number.
Terminal Menu: (5) Edit MultiPoint Parameters > (D) Radio ID
Description: Use this option to designate a radio with an arbitrary, user-defined, 4-digit number
that identifies the radio in Diagnostics mode.
3.7.10. Repeaters
Note: This parameter needs to be set in the MultiPoint Master only.
The setting has no effect if set in a MultiPoint Slave.
Repeaters
Setting Description
Default Setting: (1) Enabled
Options: l 0 - Disabled
l 1 - Enabled
Terminal Menu: (5) Edit MultiPoint Parameters > (0) Number Repeaters
Description: Indicates if any number of Repeaters exist in the network.
Repeater Frequency
Setting Description
Description: Enable this parameter when a Frequency Key is needed other than that of the
Master.
l This condition occurs when parallel Repeaters in a network may have
overlapping areas of responsibility.
l The default setting of 0 (Disabled) causes the Repeater to use the key set in
the Frequency Key parameter on the Tool Suite Transmission
Characteristics tab.
Retry Odds
Setting Description
Description: While packets transmitted from the Master to the Slave radios in a MultiPoint
network are not acknowledged, packets transmitted from Slaves to the Master are
acknowledged.
It is possible that more than one Slave attempts to transmit to the Master at the
same time. Therefore, it is important that a protocol exists to resolve contention
for the Master between Slaves in the network.
This is addressed through the Max Slave Retry (on page 76) and Retry Odds
parameters.
l After the Slave has unsuccessfully attempted to transmit the packet the
number of times specified in the Max Slave Retry parameter, it attempts to
transmit to the Master on a random basis.
l The Retry Odds parameter determines the probability that the Slave attempts
to retransmit the packet to the Master; a low setting assigns low odds to the
Slave attempting to transmit.
l Conversely, a high setting assigns higher odds.
l When the Retry Odds parameter is set to 0, after the Slave has exhausted the
number of retries set in the Max Slave Retry parameter and still not gained the
Master’s attention, the Slave’s data buffer is purged.
Slave / Repeater
Setting Description
Description: The Slave/Repeater mode allows a radio in a MultiPoint network to switch
between Slave and Repeater functions.
l When in this mode, a radio repeats any packets sent across the network as
well as uses the data port.
l Thus, where one Repeater and one Slave may be required in another vendor’s
network, FreeWave networks require only one radio.
To operate a radio as a MultiPoint Slave/Repeater, these parameters must be set:
l The Modem Mode parameter in the Operation Mode tab must be set to
MultiPoint Repeater.
l The Slave/Repeater parameter in the MultiPoint Parameters tab must be
enabled.
Note: For more information, see Low Power Mode (on page 80).
l Remote LEDs - If the radio has the optional 20-in connector, use this option to connect
remote LEDs through the diagnostics port.
This feature may be used to save power in MultiPoint Repeaters where the other
options are not available.
Note: For more information, see Remote LED (on page 52).
Setting Description
0 Low power, disabled.
1 l LEDs dimmed, radio remains awake.
l Radio is listening to the Master’s
transmissions on every slot.
l Radio’s data port is shut down if the
RTS line is de-asserted (low).
l In this case, the radio needs to be
awakened before it is able to send data
to the Master.
2 LEDs dimmed, radio sleeps every other
slot.
3 LEDs dimmed, radio sleeps 2 of 3 slots.
4-31 LEDs dimmed, radio sleeps the number of
slots corresponding to the setting.
Important!: The Network Diagnostics application is NOT meant to replicate the functionality of a
Network Management System.
It is a tool intended for occasional network monitoring or troubleshooting in the field, not for
continuous, long-term collection of diagnostic data.
This section provides basic steps for reading diagnostics using Tool Suite. Tool Suite stores the
diagnostic data in the database for import from or export to a diagnostic file.
For information regarding the data available, recommended best practices, and importing and
exporting files using the Network Diagnostics application, see the Tool Suite User Manual
available in the Tool Suite software.
To help identify the radios in the network when running Network Diagnostics, set the Radio
Name and Radio ID fields on the MultiPoint Parameters tab.
The diagnostic program must be run from the Master radio. Diagnostics require:
l A setting between 1 and 128 in the Diagnostics parameter available in the MultiPoint
Parameters menu on the Master.
l A second computer or serial connection to run the diagnostics software.
l A diagnostics cable. (Available from FreeWave.)
l Diagnostics software. (Available from www.freewave.com).
Note: For more information about diagnostics, contact FreeWave Technical Support.
See Contact FreeWave Technical Support (on page 9).
Procedure
1. Connect the Master to the computer running Tool Suite.
2. Open Tool Suite.
3. On the Applications tab, click Network Diagnostics.
4. In the Networks section of the ribbon, use the list box to select the serial network to run
diagnostics on.
If there is no network defined, click Add and follow the instructions in the wizard.
5. On the ribbon, click Start.
6. To stop running diagnostics, click Stop.
Note: The Network Diagnostics application continues to poll for diagnostic data until it is stopped.
Important!: Tool Suite is NOT optimized for the collection and management of large amounts of
diagnostic data from continuous polling.
Collection of excessive amounts of data results in overall performance degradation in Tool Suite and
network throughput degradation.
4. Configuring
Point-to-Point Networks
Point-to-Point networks are the most basic type of network and do not require much more than
the setup described in the basic programming and setup section.
This section provides:
l A brief quick start to setup a Point-to-Point network.
l An LED chart for LED function within a Point-to-Point network.
l Information about programming the Call Book.
7. Click Read Radio on the Configuration ribbon to read the radio's current settings.
l If using a diagnostics cable to connect to the radio, the radio automatically goes into
Setup mode.
l If using a data cable to connect to the radio, a prompt appears to press the radio's
Example: Set one radio as a Point-to-Point Master (Mode 0) and the other as a Point-to-Point
Slave (Mode 1).
l RF Data Rate
Note: For more information about setting up the Call Book see Using the Call Book in Point-
to-Point Networks (on page 89).
Shortly after both radios are plugged in, they should establish a link with each other and the
connection is complete.
17. Using the Point-to-Point Operation LEDs (on page 88), verify that the radios are operating
as expected.
18. On the Configuration application in the Network Title ribbon:
Note: Quick is only available if Read Radio is selected and parameter settings are
NOT sent from a template to the radio.
Note: Use the Setup Terminal application in Tool Suite if a terminal emulator is unavailable.
4. Connect to COMx (where 'x' is the number of the COM port being connected).
5. Set these parameters to:
l Data Rate - 19,200
l Data Bits - 8
l Parity - none
l Stop bits - 1
7. Type 0 and (missing or bad snippet) to access the Operation Mode menu.
8. Type 0 and (missing or bad snippet) to set the radio as a Point-to-Point Masteror
Type 1 and (missing or bad snippet) to set the radio as Point-to-Point Slave.
Note: For more information about modem modes, see Setting the Radio's Role in the
Network and the Network Type (on page 30).
15. Enter the Master’s Serial number in the Slave’s Call Book or
disable the Slave Security (on page 56) parameter in the Slave.
Note: For more information about setting up the Call Book see Using the Call Book in Point-
to-Point Networks (on page 89).
l RF Data Rate
Note: The Frequency Key option is located in the F submenu after you press <0> to access
the Frequency Key menu on Main menu <3>.
Linked. Solid Intermittent flash red Intermittent Solid Intermittent Intermittent N/A N/A N/A
No Repeater green flash red green flash red flash red
Sending sparse data
Master calling Solid red Solid red Solid red Solid red Off Blinking Solid red Off Blinking
Slave through Repeater bright dim bright bright red bright red
Master linked to Repeater, Flashing orange Solid red Solid red Solid red Off Blinking Solid Solid red Solid red
not to Slave dim bright bright red Red dim bright
bright
Repeater linked to Slave Solid Intermittent Intermittent Solid Intermittent Intermittent Solid Intermittent Intermittent
green flash red flash red green flash red flash red green flash red flash red
Mode 6 Solid red Off Blinking Solid red Off Blinking N/A N/A N/A
Waiting for ATD command bright red bright red
Setup Mode Solid Solid Solid Solid Solid Solid Solid Solid Solid
green green green green green green green green green
These settings are required for two FreeWave radios to communicate in Point-to-Point mode:
1. The Master radio serial number must be listed in the Slave radio's Call Book or Slave
Security is turned off in the Slave.
2. The Slave serial number must be listed in the Master Call Book .
3. The Master must be programmed to call the Slave (Entry to Call option).
a. Select the number in the Entry to Call field, select All to direct the Master to call all
Slave radios.
Note: To set the Entry to Call option in the terminal interface, press <C> at the Call Book
menu, followed by the menu number corresponding to that Slave.
To call any available Slave in the list, press <C> then press <A> to direct the Master to Call
All.
It is important that the Call Book slots (0-9) are filled sequentially starting with slot 0.
l When a Master is instructed to Call All, it calls all Slave radios listed until it reaches the first
serial number of 000-0000 (or a blank slot).
l If a serial number is entered after the all zero number or as a Repeater, the Master does not
recognize it as a valid number.
Note: When entering numbers into the Call Book, define only the Repeaters in the Master's Call
Book.
The Slave's Call Book only requires the Master serial number.
A Repeater need not have anything listed in its Call Book.
l Repeater 4, 571-4567.
l Entering the serial number 999-9999 in line 1 instructs the Master to continue calling
through the Repeaters programmed on that line.
Figure 24: Point-to-Point link where a Slave is called through four Repeaters
l To call a Slave radio through one or more Repeaters, that Slave must be called individually.
l With Call All selected, the Master will not connect with any Slave radios through
Repeaters.
l The Master calls every Slave in the list and connects with the first Slave that responds.
l When calling through a Repeater, the Master must first call that Repeater and establish a
communications link with it prior to making contact with the Slave.
5. Advanced Programming
The settings and scenarios covered in this section are considered advanced programming.
l Working with Parallel Repeaters (on page 94)
l Setting and Changing Radio Passwords (on page 96)
l Enable and Set Up AES Encryption (on page 97)
l Encryption Channel Key (on page 98)
To resolve this scenario, change these settings on one or more of the Repeaters in conflict:
If a Repeater needs to be added to the network, use these steps to ensure any parallel Repeater
issues are resolved before deploying the Repeater in the network.
1. In Tool Suite, run a network diagnostics file.
Gather the settings from all the Repeaters that are currently in the network.
l Repeater Frequency
Note: If the Setup Port option on the Baud Rate tab is set to (1) Main Only or (3) Both, the
password is only accepted if the option is accessed from the main data port.
To use the Password function using the diagnostics port, the Setup Port option must be set to (2)
Diagnostics Only.
Warning! If the password feature is enabled and the password is forgotten, the radio MUST be
returned to FreeWave to have the password disabled.
Important!: Press <Enter> and the password appears on the line above.
The password is case sensitive and every keystroke is a character.
Important!: Press <Enter> and the password appears on the line above.
The password is case sensitive and every keystroke is a character.
Important!: The password can only be disabled using the prompt when reading the radio in Tool
Suite or through a terminal emulator.
The password CANNOT be disabled using Setup Terminal application in Tool Suite.
1. On the Setup menu in the terminal interface, select (8) Chg Password.
2. Hold down the <Alt> key and type 0255 using the number pad on the keyboard.
3. Release the <Alt> key.
4. Repeat this step three more times (hold <Alt> and type 0255 a total of 4 times).
Important!: Type the 0255 using the NUM Pad on the keyboard, NOT the top row of
numerals.
Note: AES encryption is available as an option set at the factory in firmware v10.6.6 and later in
some FGR2 models.
Important!: These settings are ONLY available in the (3) Edit Radio Transmission
Characteristics > (E) Encryption menu in the terminal interface.
These settings are NOT available in Tool Suite.
Note: For information about accessing the Setup menu using the terminal interface, see Access the
Setup Menu Using a Terminal Emulator (on page 23).
Important!: When AES is enabled, every radio in the network must have matching encryption
strengths, encryption keys, and encryption channel keys, and the MCU Speed parameter set to 3 for
successful communication and data transmission.
Important!: This setting MUST match across all radios in the network.
Important!: This setting MUST match across all radios in the network.
Encryption Key
Setting Description
Default Setting: Blank
Options: Any set of hexadecimal pairs identified in Description.
Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics > (E) Encryption >
(5) Enter Key
Description: The encryption key is the piece of information used to encrypt and un-encrypt the
data sent through the network. Even with encryption, the data is only as secure as
the strength of the encryption key used.
Keys should be random and entered as hexadecimal values (i.e., 0 to F in two-
character pairs). Any combination of characters can be used for the key.
The Enter Key option always asks for all 32 lines of the encryption key. However,
the encryption strength you select determines how many of the lines are required:
l 128-bit encryption - Enter key information in rows 00 to 0F.
l The last 16 lines (10 to 1F) are ignored.
l 192-bit encryption - Enter key information in rows 00 to 17.
l The last 8 entries (18 to 1F) are ignored.
l 256-bit encryption - Enter key information in rows 00 to 1F.
l All lines are used.
Important!: This setting MUST match across all radios in the network.
Encryption (Strength)
Setting Description
Default Setting: (0) Off
Options: l (0) Off - Turns off AES encryption.
l (2) AES 128 - Enables AES encryption, 128-bit strength.
l (3) AES 192 - Enables AES encryption, 192-bit strength.
l (4) AES 256 - Enables AES encryption, 256-bit strength.
The options available for selection are based on the encryption strength set at the
factory, or within the upgrade to use AES completed with FreeWave technical
support's assistance.
Example: If the radio is factory set to include AES 256, then each strength
option is available.
However, if the radio is factory set to include AES 192, then only Off, AES
128, and AES 192 are available.
Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics > (E) Encryption
Description: AES encryption is available in various strengths.
l The network and the data being sent determine the encryption strength used.
l The higher the encryption strength, the stronger the encryption although it can
also take longer for the encryption and un-encryption to take place.
The radios link, transmit data, but the data is in unrecognizable characters.
l Verify that the Encryption Key on each radio is set exactly the same. If the keys do not
match, the radios can still transmit data, but cannot decrypt the data.
The radios do not link and the golden settings are all set the same.
l Verify that the Channel Key in the Encryption menu is set the same across the radios in the
network. If the keys do not match, the radios will not link when AES is enabled, even if the
golden settings match.
Note: For more information about using a low baud rate, Contact FreeWave Technical Support (on
page 9).
Note: For more information about using Multi-Master Sync while in TDMA mode, contact FreeWave
Technical Support.
See Contact FreeWave Technical Support (on page 9).
Important!: This option is only used for peer-to-peer communications or when applications are very
time specific. If you purchase TDMA as an option, additional information is provided to you about
implementing and using the feature.
Note: For additional information about TDMA, contact FreeWave Technical Support.
See Contact FreeWave Technical Support (on page 9).
When reading a radio, the system shows data transmission statistics the radio has gathered
during the most recent session. This information is valuable to know the signal strength and noise
levels of the link. Statistics are gathered during each time the Master and Slave link and are reset
when the next link begins.
More data transmission characteristics are available, including averages gathered over time, in
the Network Diagnostics application.
Note: For information about running network diagnostics see the Tool Suite User Manual.
Note: This distance is most accurate at a distance greater than 2.5 miles (4.0234 km).
The individual measurement values at each frequency hop channel are shown in the 900MHz
Frequency Zones Table (on page 46).
If viewing statistics in the terminal interface, press <Enter> when the Radio Statistics menu
appears.
l Ideally, the difference between the average signal level and average noise level should be
15 or more.
l Margins that are significantly higher than this are an indication of a high level of interference
that may degrade the performance of the link.
Note: In Tool Suite, the disconnect information is available in the Summary View under Network
Diagnostics.
FREEWAVE Recommends: For proper operation, a FreeWave radio must be in the temperature
range of -40° to +75° C.
Note: Many settings can impact actual throughput, including Master Packet Repeat and Max Slave
Retry.
If the link is asymmetrical, the percentage reported in this statistic can be very high, and the uplink
can still be poor.
The individual measurement values at each frequency hop channel are shown in the 900MHz
Frequency Zones Table (on page 46).
If viewing statistics in the terminal interface, press <Enter> when the Radio Statistics menu
appears.
7. Approved Antennas
Note: Pins listed with no assignment are for internal FreeWave use only.
7 RTS - Request to Send Input The radio does not recognize RTS for flow control.
RTS is used as a control line in RTS/CTS mode.
8 CTS - Clear to Send Output This signal is used to tell the system device connected
to the radio that the radio is ready to receive data.
l When asserted, the radio accepts data, when de-
asserted the radio does not accept data.
l This should always be used for data rates above
38.4 KB or a risk of lost data may occur if an RF
link is not very robust.
9 GND - Ground Signal return for all signal lines shared with Pin 5.
9. Troubleshooting
If experiencing trouble with the network, see these sections to initially troubleshoot and help
identify the problem with the network or a radio within it:
l LEDs on the radio.
l Point-to-MultiPoint Operation LEDs (on page 64).
l Settings
l RF Quality
Use this flow chart and the troubleshooting list in this section to walk through basic checks to help
diagnose the issue. For assistance, contact FreeWave Technical Support.
The radio does not stay in Setup mode and cannot be programmed through the
diagnostics port.
When I try to place the radio into Setup mode, all three LEDs flash green, and then
return to their previous state.
Additional symptoms of this problem include:
Point-to-Point Master Solid red bright Solid red dim Solid red bright
(unlinked)
Point-to-Point Master or Solid green Intermittent flash Intermittent flash
Slave red red
Two scenarios could be causing the radio to not enter Setup mode.
The radio is wired for RS485 and Pins 5 and 7 on a board-level radio, or Pins 2 and 3
on an enclosed radio(or one with a DB9 connector) are shorted together.
1. Separate the wires and place the radio into Setup.
2. On the Baud Rate tab, change the Setup Port parameter to Diagnostic Only.
If there is a data source (PLC, RTU, PC, or Terminal Server) connected to
the data port, data is coming into the data port while trying to access Setup
through the diagnostics port.
3. Disconnect the data source and place the radio into Setup.
4. On the Baud Rate tab, change the Setup Port parameter to Diagnostic Only.
We recently had a bad storm with lots of lightning and my radio has not worked since. I
have replaced the radio but it still does not link.
Verify that the coax cable or antenna were not damaged in the storm.
I have a new network. My radios are linked but I am not able to pass data. Gas Company
X has had a FreeWave network out here in the same area for a long time and they are
not having issues. What is wrong?
Your network is likely using the default settings for Frequency Key, Network IDs,
Minimum Packet Size, and Maximum Packet Size. Refer to the user manual for the
added radio and change the settings from the default settings.
Most of my sites report in and I can poll, but I cannot poll any of the Slaves that talk
back to Repeater 2.
Repeater 2 is experiencing high noise.
My network has been running flawlessly for the last 2 years. Now, all of a sudden, I have
a group of Slaves that I cannot poll.
A Parallel Repeater has been added or changed in the network and has the same
frequency settings and is now interfering with the other Repeater. Program the new
Repeater with a different set of parameters.
My network keeps locking up. If I cycle power on the Master, the network is restored
and I can poll again until the next time the network locks up.
There is a chatty Slave in the network. The Slave is not getting acknowledgment of
data it sends to the Master and keeps trying to resend data to the Master locking out all
other communications to the Master. This is typically caused by a bad signal from the
Slave to the Master. Verify line of sight, antenna direction, and noise levels at the
Slave.
I installed a new Slave in my network, but I cannot get it to link. The CD light is solid red
and the CTS light is blinking red.
This is either an LOS (Line of Sight) issue or settings issue.
I have a site that used to perform flawlessly. Now I cannot reliably get data from the
RTU at this site.
Antenna reflected power is causing a problem. Reflected power may be caused by
defects or damage in the antenna, cabling, connections, etc. Verify that the cabling,
connectors, and the antenna are connected correctly and have not sustained any
damage.
When I connect directly to my RTU I am able to poll data successfully. When I add in
the radios, I cannot get any data from my poll.
A baud rate above 38,400 may need a flow control line connected.
Note: For more information, see Upgrade the Radios to the Latest Software Version (on
page 27).
There is a serial interface mismatch between the site, the device, or the radio.
1. In Tool Suite, save a network diagnostic file for the network.
2. Scan the file for serial radios with a Serial Interface parameter set to RS232.
3. For RS232 radios, look at the Data TX information in the summary view for any
radio that has an excessively high Data TX.
4. Search for one or more sites that increase the data count by the number of bytes
contained in the poll request.
Example: If a poll is 64 bytes, the data poll increases by 64 bytes after the poll.
7. If the site is wired for RS485 and device connected requires RS232, correct the
wiring from the radio to the device.
l Pin 5 on the FreeWave radio to device RX.
l Pin 7 on the FreeWave radio to device TX.
l Pin 6 on the FreeWave radio to device signal ground.
Thank you for purchasing the FreeWave FGR2 Wireless Data Radios radio.
These sections describe the updates and known limitations in each software version for the FGR2
Wireless Data Radios. The most recent version is listed first.
The latest software versions and the most recent list of known limitations and workarounds are
available on www.freewave.com.
l See 900MHz Channel Select Parameters (on page 41) for detailed information.
Note: The original implementation is limited to a finite number This functionality is maintained
to support backwards compatibility.
l The Single Channel Mask process is used instead of the Zones method by using two
array masks.
l The first array is the Master Channel Array (MCA) and is created via an order option and
customer.
lThe CCA cannot unmask channels that are masked by the MCA but can mask out
channels that are not restricted by the MCA.
l Added a new option to legacy FGR2 radios to use a channel select for each channel.
l When enabled, this overrides the Zone mask.
Note: The current selectable frequency tables and the zone filter remain the same to allow for
backwards compatibility.
Note: If upgrading from firmware 8.77 or 8.78 to firmware v10.6.7 and experience issues or
inconsistent results, contact FreeWave Technical Support at 303.381.9200 or by email at
[email protected].
l Supply voltage readings in Tool Suite can fluctuate and differ from those readings on an
external voltage meter.
l When the Use Break to Access Setup setting is set to use the radio's current baud rate
(a setting only available through the terminal interface), the Diagnostic port's baud rate
does not set to the default or the Baud Rate setting, resulting in unreadable output. If you
use this Use Break to Access Setup setting, use the data port for configuration.
Specifications may change at any time without notice. For the most up-to-date specifications
information, see the product's data sheet available at www.freewave.com.
Power Requirements
Operating Voltage +6.0 to +30.0 VDC**
l FGR2-CE: May be powered through pin 6 of DB9 connector.
l FGR2-CE-U: May be powered through pin 6 of DB9 connector.
l Waterproof FGR2-WC: 6 foot data and power pigtail provided.
l Waterproof FGR2-WC: Data and power cable also available terminated
with DB9 and power jack.
Typical Current (mA) Mode +6.5 VDC +12 VDC +30 VDC
Transmit 700 365 150
Receive 85 48 26
Idle 19 11 8
Sleep 5 3 3
Product Safety
Standards EN 60079-0:2012 + A11:2013 and EN 60079-15:2010
Labeling Information
II 3 G Ex nA IIC Gc
DEMKO 14 ATEX 1209313U
General Information
Operating Temperature -40°C to +75°C
Range -40°F to +167°F
Humidity 0% to 95% non-condensing
FREEWAVE Recommends: ** UL approved FGR2 radios are approved for use between +6.0 to
+30.0 VDC.
However, for optimal performance, FreeWave recommends using a power supply between +7.5VDC
and +30VDC.
Note: See 900MHz Channel Select Parameters (on page 41) for additional information.
Restricted Rights
Any product names mentioned in this manual may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective
companies and are hereby acknowledged.
This manual is for use by purchasers and other authorized users of FreeWave products.
No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
or for any purpose without the express written permission of FreeWave Technologies, Inc. FreeWave reserves
the right to make changes to this manual without notice. FreeWave assumes no responsibility or liability for the
use of this manual or the infringement of any copyright or other proprietary right.
FreeWave products are designed and manufactured in the United States of America.
Export Notification
FreeWave Technologies, Inc. products may be subject to control by the Export Administration Regulations
(EAR) and/or the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR). Export, re-export, or transfer of these
products without required authorization from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and
Security, or the U.S. Department of State, Directorate of Defense Trade Controls, as applicable, is
prohibited. Any party exporting, re-exporting, or transferring FreeWave products is responsible for
obtaining all necessary U.S. government authorizations required to ensure compliance with these and other
applicable U.S. laws. Consult with your legal counsel for further guidance.
Warning! EXPLOSION HAZARD! - Substitution of components may impair suitability for Class 1,
Division 2.
Warning! DO NOT REMOVE or insert the diagnostics cable while the circuit is live!
UL Power Source
Input voltage for the listed models is +6.0 to +30.0 VDC.
Important!: Input power shall be derived from a single Class 2 power source.
Do not connect or disconnect any connectors while the circuit is live unless the area is known to be non-
hazardous.
Warning! The FGR2-WC model described in this User Manual is NOT UL certified.
l Models FGR2-C-U, FGR2-CE-U, and FGR2-T-U are suitable for use in Class 1, Division 2, Groups A, B,
C, and D or non-hazardous locations only.
IC Notifications
This device complies with Industry Canada license-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject to the
following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must accept any
interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.
Ce dispositif est conforme aux normes permis-exemptes du Canada RSS d'industrie. L'opération est sujette aux
deux conditions suivantes : (1) ce dispositif peut ne pas causer l'interférence, et (2) ce dispositif doit accepter
n'importe quelle interférence, y compris l'interférence qui peut causer le fonctionnement peu désiré du dispositif.
FCC Notifications
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 1) This
device may not cause harmful interference and 2) this device must accept any interference received, including
interference that may cause undesired operation.
The content of this guide covers FreeWave Technologies, Inc. models sold under FCC ID: KNY-42182112519.
All models sold under the FCC ID(s) listed above must be installed professionally and are only approved for use
when installed in devices produced by FreeWave Technologies or third party OEMs with the express written
approval of FreeWave Technologies, Inc. Changes or modifications should not be made to the device.
The antennas used MUST have a separation distance of at least 23 cm from all persons and MUST NOT be co-
located or operate in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
ANATEL Information
Schedule of Limitations
l Provision shall be made to prevent the rated voltage being exceeded by the transient disturbances of
more than 140% of the peak rated voltage.
l The system shall be mounted in an ATEX certified enclosure with a minimum ingress protection rating of
at least IP54 as defined in EN60529 and used in an environment of not more than pollution degree 2.
l The enclosure must have a door or cover accessible only by the use of a tool.
l Ambient Temperature -40°C to +75°C.
l Supply conductors should be a minimum 85°C.