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FGR2 User Manual

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295 views136 pages

FGR2 User Manual

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cristiano fonseca

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You are on page 1/ 136

FGR2 Wireless Data Radios

FGR2-C-U
FGR2-CE-U
FGR2-T-U
FGR2-WC
Covering Firmware v10.7.04

User Manual

Part Number: LUM0049AA

Revision: Jul-2017
Warranty
FreeWave Technologies, Inc. warrants your FreeWave® Wireless Data Radio against defects in materials and
manufacturing for a period of three years from the date of shipment, depending on model number. In the event of
a Product failure due to materials or workmanship, FreeWave will, at its discretion, repair or replace the Product.
For evaluation of Warranty coverage, return the Product to FreeWave upon receiving a Return Material
Authorization (RMA).
In no event will FreeWave Technologies, Inc., its suppliers, or its licensors be liable for any damages arising from
the use of or inability to use this Product. This includes business interruption, loss of business information, or
other loss which may arise from the use of this Product. OEM customer’s warranty periods can vary.
Warranty Policy will not apply in the following circumstances:
1. If Product repair, adjustments, or parts replacements are required due to accident, neglect, or undue
physical, electrical, or electromagnetic stress.
2. If Product is used outside of FreeWave specifications as stated in the Product's data sheet.
3. If Product has been modified, repaired, or altered by Customer unless FreeWave specifically authorized
such alterations in each instance in writing. This includes the addition of conformal coating.
Safety Information
The products described in this manual can fail in a variety of modes due to misuse, age, or malfunction. Systems
with these products must be designed to prevent personal injury and property damage during product operation
and in the event of product failure.

Warning! Do not remove or insert the Ethernet or diagnostics cable while circuit is live unless the
area is known to be free of ignition concentrations of flammable gasses or vapors.

Warning! Do not connect the FGR2 series radios to DC power without terminating the antenna port
to a suitable load, such as a 50 ohm antenna, or an attenuator with a power rating greater than or
equal to 2 W. Powering up without a load attached will damage the radio and void the warranty.

FreeWave Technologies, Inc.

5395 Pearl Pkwy, Ste. 100
Boulder, CO 80301
303.381.9200
Toll Free: 1.866.923.6168
Printed in the United States of America. Fax: 303.786.9948
Copyright © 2017 by FreeWave Technologies, Inc.
www.freewave.com
All rights reserved.

Page 2 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

Table Of Contents
Preface 8
1. Introduction 11
1.1. Choose a Radio Location 12
1.2. Choosing Point-to-Point or Point-to-MultiPoint Operation 12
1.2.1. Point-to-Point (PTP) Network 12
1.2.2. Point-to-MultiPoint (PTMP) Network 12
Differences between PTP and PTMP 13
1.3. Data Communication Link Examples 14
1.3.1. Example 1 - Point-to-Point Gateway to Endpoint 14
1.3.2. Example 2 - Gateway Repeater Endpoint 14
1.3.3. Example 3 - Two Repeaters 14
1.3.4. Example 4 - Multiple Radios 15
1.3.5. Example 5 - Point-to-MultiPoint 16
1.3.6. Example 6 - Point-to-MultiPoint with a Repeater Site 17
1.4. Finding the Product Serial Number 18
1.5. Powering the Radio 19
1.6. Configuration Tool Options 19
1.6.1. Tool Suite and Terminal Emulators 20
1.7. Radio Setup Mode 20
1.7.1. Using Tool Suite to Connect to and Program Radios 21
1.7.2. Access the Setup Menu Using a Terminal Emulator 23
1.7.3. Connecting and Disconnecting from HyperTerminal 24
1.7.4. Troubleshooting HyperTerminal 25
Change the COM Port 25
Change the Baud Rate 26
Change the Flow Control 26
Change the Parity 27
1.8. Upgrade the Radios to the Latest Software Version 27
2. Basic Radio Programming and Setup 29
2.1. Setting the Radio's Role in the Network and the Network Type 30
2.2. Establishing Communication with Instrumentation and Computers 33
2.2.1. Baud Rate 33
2.2.2. Data Parity 34
2.2.3. Flow Control 34
2.2.4. Modbus RTU 35
2.2.5. Serial Interface 36
2.2.6. Setup Port 36
2.2.7. Turn Off Delay 37

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 3 of 136

This document is the property of FreeWave Technologies, Inc. and contains proprietary information owned by
FreeWave. This document cannot be reproduced in whole or in part by any means without written permission from
FreeWave Technologies, Inc.
2.2.8. Turn On Delay 38
2.2.9. Use Break to Access Setup 38
2.3. Establishing Communication with Other Radios in the Network 39
2.3.1. Golden Settings 40
2.4. Designate the RF Transmission Characteristics 40
2.4.1. 900MHz Channel Select Parameters 41
Access to the Single Channel Mask 43
Example of Single Channel Mask 44
2.4.2. 900MHz Frequency Key (Golden Setting) 44
2.4.3. 900MHz Frequency Zones 45
900MHz Frequency Zones Table 46
Enable Frequency Zones in Tool Suite 47
Enable Frequency Zones using the Terminal Interface 47
2.4.4. High Noise 48
2.4.5. 900MHz Hop Frequency Offset 49
2.4.6. 900MHz Hop Table Size 49
2.4.7. 900MHz Hop Table Version 49
2.4.8. Max Packet Size and Min Packet Size (Golden Setting) 51
2.4.9. MCU Speed 51
2.4.10. Remote LED 52
2.4.11. Retry Time Out 53
2.4.12. RF Data Rate (Golden Setting) 54
2.4.13. RTS to CTS 54
2.4.14. Slave Security 56
2.4.15. Transmit Power 56
2.4.16. Transmit Rate 57
3. Configuring Point-to-MultiPoint Networks 59
3.1. Point to MultiPoint Network Characteristics 60
3.1.1. Golden Settings 60
3.1.2. Master to Slave Communications 60
3.1.3. Slave to Master Communications 60
3.2. Point-to-MultiPoint Network Quick Start 61
3.2.1. Point-to-MultiPoint Network Quick Start (Tool Suite) 61
3.2.2. Point-to-MultiPoint Network Quick Start (Terminal Interface) 62
3.3. Point-to-MultiPoint Operation LEDs 64
3.4. Overlapping MultiPoint Networks 65
3.5. Establishing Communication with Other Radios in a MultiPoint Network 65
3.5.1. Using the Network ID in MultiPoint Networks 65
3.5.2. Using the Call Book in MultiPoint Networks 66
3.5.3. Programming Point-to-MultiPoint Extended Call Book 67

Page 4 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

3.6. Routing Communications through the Network 68

3.6.1. Assigning Subnet ID Values 68
Example 1: Subnet and Specific Path Communication 69
Example 2: Subnet and Communication Required through Repeaters 70
Example 3: Subnet and Optional Slave Communication 71
3.7. Setting Other MultiPoint Parameters 72
3.7.1. 1 PPS Enable Delay 72
Setup 1PPS Enable/Delay 72
Calibrate a Slave Radio in 1PPS Enable/Delay Mode 73
3.7.2. Diagnostics 73
3.7.3. DTR Connect 73
3.7.4. Local Mode 74
3.7.5. Master Packet Repeat 74
3.7.6. Master Packet Repeat in MultiPoint Networks with Repeaters 76
3.7.7. Max Slave Retry 76
3.7.8. Radio ID 76
3.7.9. Radio Name 77
3.7.10. Repeaters 77
3.7.11. Repeater Frequency 77
3.7.12. Retry Odds 78
3.7.13. Slave / Repeater 79
3.8. Conserving Power 80
3.8.1. Low Power Mode 80
3.9. Reading Diagnostics in Tool Suite 82
4. Configuring Point-to-Point Networks 84
4.1. Point-to-Point Network Quick Start 84
4.1.1. Point-to-Point Network Quick Start (Tool Suite) 84
4.1.2. Point-to-Point Network Quick Start (Terminal Interface) 86
4.2. Point-to-Point Operation LEDs 88
4.3. Using the Call Book in Point-to-Point Networks 89
4.3.1. Setting the Call Book in Tool Suite 90
4.3.2. Setting the Call Book in the Terminal Interface 91
4.3.3. Programming Point-To-Point Extended Call Book to Use Three or Four Repeaters 92
5. Advanced Programming 93
5.1. Working with Parallel Repeaters 94
5.1.1. Repeaters Data Transmitted on the Same Frequency Key 94
5.1.2. Adding a Repeater to the Network 95
5.2. Setting and Changing Radio Passwords 96
5.2.1. Setting the Password 96
5.2.2. Changing a Password 96

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 5 of 136

This document is the property of FreeWave Technologies, Inc. and contains proprietary information owned by
FreeWave. This document cannot be reproduced in whole or in part by any means without written permission from
FreeWave Technologies, Inc.
5.2.3. Disable a Password 97
5.3. Enable and Set Up AES Encryption 97
5.3.1. Encryption Channel Key 98
5.3.2. Encryption Key 98
5.3.3. Encryption (Strength) 100
5.3.4. Troubleshooting AES Setup 100
5.4. Low Baud Rates 101
5.5. Multi-Master Sync 101
5.6. Time Divisible Multiple Access (TDMA) 101
6. Viewing Radio Statistics 102
6.1. View Statistics in Tool Suite 103
6.2. View the Radio Transmission Characteristics in the Terminal Interface 103
6.2.1. Antenna Reflected Power 103
6.2.2. Master-Slave Distance 103
6.2.3. Noise Level 104
6.2.4. Number of Disconnects 104
6.2.5. Radio Temperature 104
6.2.6. Rate % (Receive Percentage Rate) 104
6.2.7. Signal Level 105
6.2.8. Transmit Current 105
7. Approved Antennas 106
7.1. 900MHz Directional Antennas 106
7.2. 900MHz Omni-directional Antennas 106
8. FGR2 Wireless Data Radios Pinouts 108
8.1. Operational RS422 and RS485 Information 108
8.2. Pinout Assignments and Descriptions 108
8.3. 20-Pin Diagnostics Connector Pinout 109
8.4. RF Board Level Pinout 110
8.5. RS-232 Pin Assignments (DB-9) 111
8.6. RS422 and RS485 Full Duplex Pinouts 111
8.7. RS485 Half Duplex Pinouts 112
8.8. Waterproof Enclosure Pinout 113
9. Troubleshooting 114
9.1. Troubleshooting Flowchart 115
9.2. General Troubleshooting 116
9.3. Unlicensed Serial Radio - Specific Troubleshooting 118
10. FGR2 Release Notes 119
10.1. Version v10.7.04 119
10.1.1. Access to the Single Channel Mask 120
Example of Single Channel Mask 121

Page 6 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

10.2. Version v10.6.8 121

10.3. Version v10.6.7 122
10.4. Version v10.6.6 122
10.5. Version 8.78 123
10.6. Version 8.77 123
10.7. Version 8.73 123
10.8. Version 8.71 124
10.9. Version 8.70 124
10.10. Version 8.69 124
10.11. Version 8.68 (Initial Release) 124
Appendix A: FGR2 Technical Specifications 125
Appendix B: FGR2 Board Level Mechanical Drawing 128
Appendix C: 900MHz Factory Default Settings 129
Appendix D: 900MHz Channel Frequency IDs 131
Appendix E: FreeWave Legal Information 133

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 7 of 136

Preface

Thank you for purchasing the FreeWave FGR2 Wireless Data Radios radio.
This document includes information about the FreeWave FGR2 serial radio:
l A basic introduction to the radio and how to determine the mode to run it in.
l Examples of how FreeWave radios can exist in a network with other radios.
l How to access the setup parameters available on the radio.
l Basic radio programming and setup information that applies to all network types.
l Considerations and quick starts for the network design, including charts of LED meanings.
l Details about defining a MultiPoint network including the use of Subnet IDs to route
information through the network.
l Steps to view statistics about a radio's performance.
l Pinouts and mechanical drawings.

Additional Information
This User Manual covers settings and configurations that apply to FreeWave spread spectrum
radios.
Some radio models have specific settings and configurations that apply to only that model. For
information about a specific model or additional information about using the radios, see these
addendums and Application Notes:
l Cathodic Protection User Manual Addendum
l FGR Radio Modem in Mirrored Bit Mode User Manual Addendum
l Application Note #5412: Synchronizing Collocated Masters (Multi-Master Sync Mode)
l Application Note #5476: Mode 6

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 8 of 136

l Mode 6 is designed to give control of which Slave a Master links to in a Point-to-Point

configuration.
l Application Note #5424: Using the FGR-115MB Radio with Schweitzer Engineering Labs
Mirrored Bits Communications
l Application Note : #5437: DTR to CTS Line Alarm Feature
l Application Note #5457: Local Mode
For information about installing radios, see the 900 MHz Wireless Radio Installation Guide.

Note: FreeWave documentation is available at www.freewave.com.

Contact FreeWave Technical Support

For up-to-date troubleshooting information, check the Support page at www.freewave.com.
FreeWave provides technical support Monday through Friday, 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM Mountain
Time (GMT -7).
l Call toll-free at 1.866.923.6168.
l In Colorado, call 303.381.9200.
l Contact us through e-mail at [email protected].

Printing this Document

This document is set to print double-sided with a front cover and a back cover. Viewing this
document online with a PDF viewer, may show pages intentionally left blank to accommodate the
double-sided printing.

Document Styles
This document uses these styles:
l FreeWave applications appear as: FreeWave.
l Parameter setting text appears as: [Page=radioSettings]
l File names appear as: configuration.cfg.
l File paths appear as: C:\Program Files (x86)\FreeWave Technologies.
l User-entered text appears as: xxxxxxxxx.

Caution: Indicates a situation that MAY cause damage to personnel, the radio, data, or
network.

Example: Provides example information of the related text.

FREEWAVE Recommends: Identifies FreeWave recommendation information.

Page 9 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

Important!: Provides semi-cautionary information relevant to the text or procedure.

Note: Emphasis of specific information relevant to the text or procedure.

Provides time saving or informative suggestions about using the product.

Warning! Indicates a situation that WILL cause damage to personnel, the radio, data, or
network.

Documentation Feedback
Send comments or questions about this document's content to [email protected]. In the
email, include the title of the document or the document's part number and revision letter (found in
the footer).

Parameter Preference
The Parameter Preference table describes the available parameters.

<Parameter Name>
Setting Description
Default Setting: The factory default setting for the parameter.
Options: The options the parameter can be set to.
Setup Terminal The menu path and field name to access the parameter using the terminal menus
Menu: available through the serial port.
Description: A description of what the parameter is and how it applies to the radio in the
network.

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 10 of 136

1. Introduction

FreeWave radios operate in virtually any environment where serial data communications occur. A
pair of radios functions as a 9-pin null modem cable.
l If the FreeWave radios are used in an application where a null modem cable is used, (e.g.,
communications between two computers) the FreeWave radios can be connected directly.
l If FreeWave radios are used to replace a straight-through RS232 cable, then a null modem
cable must be placed between the radio and the Data Communication Equipment (DCE)
instrument it is connected to.

Figure 1: FGR2 Wireless Data Radios

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 11 of 136

1.1. Choose a Radio Location

Placement of the FreeWave radio may have a significant impact on its performance. The key to
the overall robustness of the radio link is the height of the antenna.
When using an external antenna, placement of that antenna is critical to a solid data link. Other
antennas in close proximity are a potential source of interference.
Use the Radio Statistics to help identify potential problems. In general, FreeWave units with a
higher antenna placement will have a better communication link.
In practice, the radio should be placed away from computers, telephones, answering machines,
and other similar devices. The cable included with the radio provides ample distance for
placement away from other equipment.

Note: FreeWave offers directional and Omni-directional antennas with cable lengths ranging from 3
to 200 feet.

An adjustment as little as 2 feet in antenna placement may resolve noise issues.

In extreme cases, (e.g., Cellular Telephone tower interference) the band pass filters that
FreeWave offers may reduce out-of-band noise.

In extreme cases, such as when interference is due to a Pager or Cellular Telephone tower, the
band pass filters that FreeWave offers, may reduce this out-of-band noise.

1.2. Choosing Point-to-Point or Point-to-MultiPoint Operation

Important!: For either a PTP or PTMP network, adding a Repeater cuts the network throughput by
50%.

1.2.1. Point-to-Point (PTP) Network

A PTP network work best when the network consists of one Master and one Slave radio.

Note: A maximum of four Repeaters can be added to extend the reach of the network.

1.2.2. Point-to-MultiPoint (PTMP) Network

In a PTMP network (also referred to as MultiPoint network) the Master radio is able to
simultaneously communicate with numerous Slave radios.
l A MultiPoint network functions with the Master broadcasting its messages to all Slave
radios.
l If requested by the Master, the Slave radios respond to the Master when given data by the
device connected to the data port. The response depends on the setup.
l The network reach can be extended with as many Repeaters as is required.

Page 12 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

Differences between PTP and PTMP

l In a Point-to-Point network all packets are acknowledged, whether sent from the Master to
the Slave or from the Slave to the Master.
l In a MultiPoint network, the user determines the number of times outbound packets from
the Master or Repeater to the Slave or other Repeaters are sent.
l The receiving radio, Slave or Repeater, accepts the first packet received that passes the

32 bit CRC. However, the packet is NOT acknowledged.

l On the return trip to the Master, all packets sent are acknowledged or retransmitted until

they are acknowledged.

l Therefore, the return link in a MultiPoint network is generally very robust.

Traditionally, a MultiPoint network is used in applications where data is collected from many
instruments and reported back to one central site. The architecture of such a network is different
from Point-to-Point applications. These parameters influence the number of radios that can exist
in a MultiPoint network:
l Data block size.
l The longer the data blocks, the fewer number of deployed Slave radios can exist in the

network.
l Baud rate.
l The data rate between the radio and the device it is connected to could limit the amount

of data and the number of radios that can exist in a network

l The amount of contention between Slave radios.
l Polled Slave radios versus timed Slave radios.
l Repeater Use.
l Using the Repeater setting in a Point-to-Point or MultiPoint network decreases overall

network capacity by 50%.

Example: If the network polls once a day to retrieve sparse data, several hundred Slave radios could
be configured to a single Master.
However, if each Slave transmits larger amounts of data or data more frequently, fewer Slave radios
can link to the Master while receiving the same network performance.
When larger amounts of data are sent more frequently, the overall network bandwidth is closer to
capacity with fewer Slave radios.

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 13 of 136

1.3. Data Communication Link Examples

l Example 1 - Point-to-Point Gateway to Endpoint (on page 14)
l Example 2 - Gateway Repeater Endpoint (on page 14)
l Example 3 - Two Repeaters (on page 14)
l Example 4 - Multiple Radios (on page 15)
l Example 5 - Point-to-MultiPoint (on page 16)
l Example 6 - Point-to-MultiPoint with a Repeater Site (on page 17)

1.3.1. Example 1 - Point-to-Point Gateway to Endpoint

The versatility of FreeWave radios allows data links to be established using a variety of different
configurations.
This example shows the most common and straight forward link; a Master communicating to a
Slave in a Point-to-Point link.

Figure 2: Master Communicating to a Slave in a Point-to-Point Link

1.3.2. Example 2 - Gateway Repeater Endpoint

This example shows a link using a Repeater.
l The Repeater may be located on a hilltop or other elevated structure enhancing the link
from the Master to the Slave.
l In this configuration, it may be desirable to use an external Omni directional antenna at the
Repeater.
l A Yagi antenna may be used at both the Master and Slave radios.

Note: Adding Repeaters to a network cuts the network throughput by 50%.

Figure 3: Master Communicating to a Slave in a Point-to-Point Link with a

Repeater

1.3.3. Example 3 - Two Repeaters

This example shows a link with two Repeaters between the Master and Slave.
l With two Repeaters there is more flexibility in getting around obstacles and greater total
range is possible.

Page 14 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

l It may be desirable to use external Omni-directional antennas with the Repeaters, and
attaching a Yagi antenna to the Master and Slave radio to increase the range of the link.
l When two Repeaters are used no further degradation in the RF throughput of the link is
experienced.

Figure 4: Master Communicating to a Slave in a Point-to-Point Link with Two

Repeaters

1.3.4. Example 4 - Multiple Radios

This example shows a configuration where a Master radio routinely calls a number of Slave radios
at different times.
l The Master radio is communicating with a radio designated as a Slave/Repeater that is
connected to a remote device.
l Since this device is placed in an elevated location, the radio may also be used as a
Repeater when it is not used as a Slave.
l At any time the Master may call any of the Slave radios, establish a connection, and send
and receive data.

Figure 5: Master Communicating to Multiple Slave Radios at Different Times

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 15 of 136

1.3.5. Example 5 - Point-to-MultiPoint

This example illustrates a standard Point-to-MultiPoint network.
l From the Master, any data is broadcast to all three Slave radios, one of which receives it
through a Multipoint Repeater.
l The data is sent out of the serial port of each of the three Slave radios.
l The end device should be configured to interpret the serial message and act on it if
necessary.

Figure 6: Master Communicating in a Point-to-MultiPoint Network

Page 16 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

1.3.6. Example 6 - Point-to-MultiPoint with a Repeater Site

This example is a Point-to-MultiPoint network that uses one of the sites as a Slave/Repeater.
l This network functions in the same manner as a standard MultiPoint network with
Repeaters.
l However, the number of radios may be reduced with the use of the MultiPoint
Slave/Repeater feature.

Figure 7: Master Communicating in a Point-to-MultiPoint Network using a

Slave/Repeater

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 17 of 136

1.4. Finding the Product Serial Number

Each FreeWave radio is assigned a unique serial number.

Important!: This number is needed to contact FreeWave Technical Support.

The serial number is three digits, followed by a hyphen, then four digits (e.g., 111-1111), and is
printed on the FreeWave label on the radio.

Note: The example in this section is an image is of a GXM model.

The serial number information is in the same location on different models.

Figure 8: Example of the Serial Number for a GXM model

On radios that are not in an enclosure, the serial number is printed on a label on the back (the flat,
smooth side) of the radio.
This label is in larger print.

Figure 9: Example of the label and Serial Number of a non-enclosed radio

Page 18 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

1.5. Powering the Radio

Connect the radio to a positive power supply with +6.0 to +30.0 VDC, typically +12.0 VDC.

Important!: FGR2 radios are UL approved for use between +6.0 to +30.0 VDC.

FREEWAVE Recommends: For guaranteed performance, FreeWave recommends using between

+7.5 to +30.0 VDC to power the radio.

Warning! If the power supply is above approximately +18.0 to +20.0 VDC, use a 1-ohm
resistor inline with B+ input to the radio.
For more information about pinouts, see RF Board Level Pinout (on page 110).

If the power supply line runs outside the enclosure, use:

l electrostatic discharge (ESD) protectors to protect the radio from electric shock.
l transient voltage suppressors (TVS) to protect from an over-voltage situation.

Using both helps enhances reliable operation.

1.6. Configuration Tool Options

When the radio is in Setup mode, use these setup tools to configure the settings on the radio:
l Tool Suite- Tool Suite is the recommended method for programming the radios.
l It provides a group of tools for configuring the devices in the network and for monitoring

the network's performance.

l Use the Configuration application in Tool Suite to program changes to the radio's

settings.
l Tool Suite is available for download from www.freewave.com.

Note: For more information about using Tool Suite, see the Tool Suite User Manual in the
Tool Suite software.

l Terminal Emulator - A terminal emulator program (e.g., HyperTerminal or Tera Term)

offers many of the same configuration options available in the Configuration application in
Tool Suite.
l If running versions of the Windows® operating system prior to Windows® 7,

HyperTerminal is included in the operating system installation.

Use the Setup Terminal application in Tool Suite to use and view the terminal menus.
It shows the same menus and provides the same programming settings as you see using a
terminal emulator.

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 19 of 136

FREEWAVE Recommends: Tool Suite is the recommended programming option. EZConfig can
still be used to program older radio models. However, newer radio models and newer firmware
versions are not available in EZConfig.

1.6.1. Tool Suite and Terminal Emulators

If using a terminal emulator, the tabs for a device in Tool Suite mirror the Setup main menu
selections.

Example: Option 0 on the Setup main menu in the terminal menu setup is Set Operation Mode.
The corresponding configuration tab for the device in Tool Suite is (0) Operation Mode.

Figure 10: Tool Suite menu Matched to Terminal menu

Use the Setup Terminal application in Tool Suite to use and view the terminal menus.
It shows the same menus and provides the same programming settings as you see using a
terminal emulator.

Note: In this document, if the setup procedure in the terminal emulator is different than the procedure
in Tool Suite, the terminal instructions are also included.

1.7. Radio Setup Mode

To read the current settings from or to program a radio, the radio must be in Setup mode. When a
radio is in Setup mode, all three LEDs appear solid green . These sections provide details
about how to access the radio's Setup mode using Tool Suite or the terminal interface.

Note: OEM boards may also enter Setup when Pin 2 on a 10- or 14-pin connector or Pin 8 on a 24-pin
connector is grounded, or using a break command.
For information about the break command, see Use Break to Access Setup (on page 38).

Page 20 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

l The Setup Port parameter on the Baud Rate tab determines whether the main data port
or the diagnostics port is used to access the setup parameters for the radio. For more
information, see Setup Port (on page 36).
l Use the Setup Mode Timeout parameter on the Operation Mode tab to set the radio to
exit Setup Mode automatically. When the setting is enabled, if the radio has not received
any menu selections or programming information within 5 seconds, it exits Setup and
resumes its previous mode.

Note: For Setup mode troubleshooting information, see Troubleshooting (on page 114).

1.7.1. Using Tool Suite to Connect to and Program Radios

To read and program a radio using Tool Suite, connect the radio to a computer that runs the Tool
Suite software.

Use Tool Suite to set up a template version of a radio. Templates include settings that apply to
more than one radio in the network.

Note: For more information about using templates, see the Tool Suite User Manual in the Tool Suite
software.

Procedure
1. Connect a serial or diagnostic cable between the computer and the radio.

FREEWAVE Recommends: Using a diagnostic cable and the diagnostic port.

2. Connect the power supply to the radio and the power source and turn on the radio.
3. Open Tool Suite.
4. In the Applications window, click Configuration to open the Configuration application.
5. Verify the correct port is selected in the Com Port field on the Configuration ribbon.
6. Press the Setup button on the back of the FreeWave radio.
The radio is changed to Setup mode.

Note: If connected to the diagnostics port, the radio changes to Setup mode automatically
when Read Radio is clicked in Tool Suite.

7. Short Pins 2 and 4 (Brown to Black) on the 10-pin header next to the LEDs.
This places a board-level radio into Setup mode.
8. If using a data cable (FreeWave part number: ASC3610DB or ASC3610DJ), press the
Setup button on the data cable.

Note: If using the Setup Terminal application or a terminal emulator and using the gray
ribbon diagnostic cable (part number AC2009DC), or the black diagnostic cable (part number
ASC0409DC), the radio changes to Setup mode automatically when Read Radio is clicked
in Tool Suite.

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 21 of 136

All three LEDs on the radio are green and stay green as long as the radio is in Setup
mode.
9. On the Configuration ribbon, click Read Radio to read the radio's current settings.
10. Make the necessary parameter changes.
11. On the Network Title ribbon, use one of these options to send the changes to the radio:
l Click Quick to send only the changed parameters.

Note: This option is only available if Read Radio is clicked and parameter settings are
NOT sent from a template to the radio.

l Click All to send all the settings for all parameters.

l Click Default to set a device back to its factory default settings.

Figure 11: FGR2 Setup Port

Figure 12: FGR2 Pin Layout

Note: For more information about using Tool Suite, see the Tool Suite User Manual in the Tool
Suite software.

Page 22 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

1.7.2. Access the Setup Menu Using a Terminal Emulator

This procedure accesses the radio's Setup menu using the Setup Terminal application in Tool
Suite.

Note: For more information about using Tool Suite, see the Tool Suite User Manual in the Tool
Suite software.

Procedure
1. Plug a serial cable into the COM 1 port on the radio.
2. Connect the cable to a COM port on the computer running Tool Suite.
3. Connect the radio to a power source.
4. Open Tool Suite.
5. On the Applications window, click Setup Terminal.
6. Click the Connection list box arrow in the top left of the window and select the COM port
on the computer the radio is connected to.

Figure 13: Connection list box

7. Click Connect.
8. To connect Setup Terminal to the radio, press the Setup button on the back of the
FreeWave radio.
If connected to the diagnostics port, press <Shift+U> to view the Setup menu.

Figure 14: FGR2 Setup Port

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 23 of 136

9. To view the Setup menu in board-level radios:

l Short pins 2 & 4 (Brown to Black) on the 10 pin header next to the LEDs.

Figure 15: FGR2 Pin Layout

l If using a data cable (FreeWave part number: ASC3610DB or ASC3610DJ), press the
Setup button on the data cable.
l If using the gray ribbon diagnostic cable (P/N AC2009DC), or the black diagnostic

cable (P/N ASC0409DC), press <Shift+U> to view the Setup menu.

When Setup is activated, the FreeWave Setup Main Menu appears in the HyperTerminal
dialog box.
All three LEDs on the radio are green and stay green as long as the radio is in Setup
mode.

Important!: When navigating through the Setup menu and making changes to the parameters, the
parameters are sent immediately to the radio.

1.7.3. Connecting and Disconnecting from HyperTerminal

The HyperTerminal dialog box has several toolbar buttons.
To reconnect to HyperTerminal, disconnect from the current session.

1. Click the Disconnect .

2. Click the Call to reconnect.

Note: If the settings have not been saved they must be re-selected when HyperTerminal reconnects
to the radio.

Page 24 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

1.7.4. Troubleshooting HyperTerminal

These are some common issues encountered while using HyperTerminal as the terminal
emulator.
l The steps to resolve the issue are specific to the HyperTerminal interface.
l Similar steps can be used when troubleshooting other terminal emulators.

Important!: When a change is made to the HyperTerminal settings in an open terminal session, the
connection must be disconnected then reconnected before the settings take effect.

l Change the COM Port (on page 25).

l Change the Baud Rate (on page 26).
l Change the Flow Control (on page 26).
l Change the Parity (on page 27).

Change the COM Port

Nothing appears on the screen after placing the radio into Setup mode.
This error usually indicates one of two things:
l The wrong COM port is selected.
l A null modem cable is being used.

1. Click .
2. On the File menu, click Properties.
3. Click the Connect To tab.
4. Verify the correct COM port is selected.
5. Click OK to close the Properties dialog box.

6. Click .
7. Return the radio to Setup mode.
The Setup menu screen appears.
If the radio has been previously configured, the wrong port could be used to access the Setup
menu.

Note: For more information, see Setup Port (on page 36). Try connecting to the other port.

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Change the Baud Rate

Unrecognizable characters appear on the screen after placing the radio into Setup
mode.
l Unrecognizable characters usually indicate a Baud Rate problem.
l The problem may also be that the radio under test is a TTL version or has been set to
RS485 and not RS232. If the radio is TTL or in RS485 mode, verify connection through the
Diagnostic port. Gibberish before the Setup button is pressed indicates Diagnostics is
enabled in a Master.

1. Click .
2. On the File menu, click Properties.
3. Click Configure.
4. Change these settings and click OK:
l Baud Rate to 19200

l Data Bits to 8

l Parity to None

l Stop Bits to 1

l Flow Control to 1

5. Click OK to close the Properties dialog box.

6. Click .
7. Return the radio to Setup mode.
The Setup menu screen appears.

Change the Flow Control

The Setup menu appears on the screen, but nothing happens when keys on the
keyboard are pressed.
l This error usually indicates flow control is turned on in a three-wire connection (Rx, Tx, and
Gnd).
Follow these steps if the connection uses a three-wire connection.

1. Click .
2. On the File menu, click Properties.
3. Click Configure.
4. Change the Flow Control to None, and click OK.
5. Click OK to close the Properties dialog box.

6. Click .
7. Return the radio to Setup mode.
The Setup menu screen appears.

Page 26 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

Change the Parity

A connection exists, the terminal emulator is receiving data, and some data is correct,
but the remaining data is in unrecognizable characters.
l This error usually indicates a parity mismatch.
l To resolve this issue, verify the parity of the radio and the parity of HyperTerminal are set

the same.
l HyperTerminal’s parity settings are under the Properties menu.
l The FreeWave radio parity is found under the Baud Rate menu in the Setup menu.

1. In HyperTerminal, click .
2. On the File menu, click Properties.
3. Click Configure.
4. Change the Parity to None, and click OK.
5. Click OK button to close the Properties dialog box.

6. Click .
7. Return the radio to Setup mode.
The Setup menu screen appears.

1.8. Upgrade the Radios to the Latest Software Version

If Tool Suite is connected to a radio, and a new version of the software is available for that radio
model, an indication appears in the Configuration application's Device Information tab.
Use Tool Suite to upgrade the software on a serial radio connected directly to the computer using
the diagnostic cable.

Important!: An over-the-air upgrade using Tool Suite is not allowed.

FREEWAVE Recommends: If using a USB-to-serial converter cable, a software upgrade can take
a long time to complete.
Use USB-to-serial cables that include the FTDI Chip Set to shorten the upgrade time.
This inclusion is listed on the cable's packaging.
See the Application Note #5471 Optimizing Firmware Upgrade Speed While Using a USB-
Serial Adaptor for additional information (available at www.freewave.com).

Note: For more information about using Tool Suite, see the Tool Suite User Manual in the Tool
Suite software.

Procedure
1. With the radio connected to the computer through the COM port, open Tool Suite.
2. In the Applications window, click Configuration to open the Configuration application.
3. In the Firmware area of the Configuration application, click Upgrade Radio.

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 27 of 136

4. Click Yes at the prompt to proceed.

Tool Suite identifies the software version loaded on the connected device and shows the
latest version of software available for that model.
5. Click Yes to continue with the upgrade.
The system shows the progress of the software upgrade.
After the firmware upgrade is complete, a message appears confirming that the software
upgrade was successful.

Page 28 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

2. Basic Radio
Programming and Setup

When setting up either a Point-to-MultiPoint network or a Point-to-Point network, the process for
setting up and programming a radio is the same.
This section describes these aspects of programming and setting up a radio:
l Setting the Radio's Role in the Network and the Network Type (on page 30).
l Establishing Communication with Instrumentation and Computers (on page 33).
l Establishing Communication with Other Radios in the Network (on page 39).
l Designate the RF Transmission Characteristics (on page 40).

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2.1. Setting the Radio's Role in the Network and the Network
Type
Networks consist of a Master radio and any number of other components including Repeaters,
Slave radios, and radios that act as both a Slave and a Repeater. The first parameter to set in a
radio is its Operation or Modem mode.
The mode tells the radio what network type it is in (Point-to-Point or Point-to-MultiPoint) and what
role it plays (Master, Slave, or Repeater) in that network.

Note: The network type must match for all radios in a network.

If configuring a Point-to-MultiPoint network, verify the Modem Mode selection for radios in the
network starts with Point-to-MultiPoint.

When setting up the radio, remember that the settings on the Master control a number of
parameters.
Therefore, deploying the Master on the communications end where it is easier to access is
advised, but not necessary.

Set the Modem mode on the Operation Mode tab, using the Modem Mode field. These settings
are available in the Operation Mode menu in the terminal interface.

Operation Mode Description

Point-to-Point This mode designates the radio as the Master in Point-to-Point mode.
Master (0) The Master may call any or all Slaves designated in its Call Book.
In Point-to-Point mode the Master determines the setting used for most
of the transmission characteristics, regardless of the settings in the
Slave and/or Repeaters.
The settings NOT determined by the Master are:
l Hop Table settings
l Retry Time Out
l Slave Security
l Transmit Power
A quick method of identifying a Master is to power the radio.
Prior to establishing a link with a Slave, all three of the LEDs on the
Master are solid red .

Page 30 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

Operation Mode Description

Point-to-Point This mode designates the radio as a Slave in Point-to-Point mode.
Slave (1) l The Slave communicates with any Master in its Call Book - either
directly or through a maximum of four Repeaters.
l When functioning as a Slave, the Entry to Call feature in the radio’s
Call Book is NOT operational.
l Set the Slave Security parameter to 1 to bypass the Call Book in the
Slave.

Note: For more information, see Slave Security on page 56.

Point–to-MultiPoint This mode designates the radio as a Master in MultiPoint mode.

Master (2) l This mode allows one Master radio to communicate simultaneously
with numerous Slaves and Repeaters.
l A Point-to-MultiPoint Master communicates only with other radios
designated as Point-to-MultiPoint Slaves or Point-to-MultiPoint
Repeaters.
Point-to-MultiPoint This mode designates the radio as a Slave in MultiPoint mode.
Slave (3) l This mode allows the Slave to communicate with a MultiPoint
Master.
l The Slave may communicate with its Master through one or more
Repeaters.
Point-to-Point Slave / This mode designates the radio to act as either a Slave or Repeater,
Repeater (4) depending on the instructions from the Master.
l The radio cannot act as both a Slave and a Repeater at the same
time.
l True Slave/Repeater functionality is only available in a MultiPoint
mode.
l Point-to-Point Slave/Repeaters have no security features.
l When a radio is designated a Point-to-Point Slave/Repeater, it
allows any Master to use it as a Repeater.

Note: Adding Repeaters to a network cuts the network

throughput by 50%.

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Operation Mode Description

Point-to-Point FreeWave allows the use of a maximum of four Repeaters in a Point-to-
Repeater (5) Point communications link, significantly extending the operating range.
l When designated as a Repeater, a radio behaves as a pass-through
link.
l All settings for the Call Book, baud rates, and transmission
characteristics are disabled.
l A Repeater connects with any Master that calls it.
l The Repeater must be set up properly in the Master's Call Book.

Note: Adding Repeaters to a network cuts the network

throughput by 50%.

Point-to-Point Slave / Mode 6 allows the radio to be controlled entirely through software
Master Switchable (6) commands.
l A number of key parameters in the FreeWave user interface may be
changed either directly using a terminal emulator or using script files.
l When the Point-to-Point Slave/Master Switchable option is
selected and the radio is not calling a Slave, it functions as a Slave
and accepts any appropriate calls from other radios.

Note: For more information, see Application Note #5476, Mode

Point-to-MultiPoint This option allows the radio to operate as a Repeater in a MultiPoint

Repeater (7) network.
l A MultiPoint network can have as many Repeaters as necessary.
l If the Repeater is to act as a Slave/Repeater, set the Slave
Repeater parameter in the MultiPoint Parameters tab to Enabled.

Note: Adding Repeaters to a network cuts the network

throughput by 50%.

Mirrorbit Master (A) Mirrored Bit Communication is supported in firmware version 8.77 and
Mirrorbit Slave (B) later.
For information about Mirrored Bit Communication, see the
FreeWave:
l Application Note #5424, Using the FGR-115MB Radio with
Schweitzer Engineering Labs Mirrored Bits Communications.
l FGR Radio Modem in Mirrored Bit Mode Addendum.
Ethernet Options (F) This menu is used for Ethernet radios only.

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2.2. Establishing Communication with Instrumentation and

Computers
The settings on the Baud Rate tab are the communications settings between the radio and the
instrument or computer it is connected to (radio serial port to the device).

Important!: These settings are unique to each radio, and do not need to match across the network.

Example: A pair of radios may be used in an application to send data from remote process
instrumentation to an engineer's computer.
In this application, the Baud Rate for the radio on the instrumentation might be set to 9600 and the
radio on the polling host might be set to 57,600.

These settings are available in the Baud Rate menu in the terminal interface, and apply to both
Point-to-Point and Point-to-MultiPoint networks.

Note: See the Parameter Preference (on page 10) for a description of the parameter table's content.

2.2.1. Baud Rate

Baud Rate
Setting Description
Default Setting: 115200
Options: 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 76800, 115200, 230400
Terminal Menu: (1) Set Baud Rate
Description: l This is the communication rate between the radio's data port and the
instrument it is connected to.
l This setting is independent from the baud rate for the other radios in the
network.

Note: With a poor RF link, this may actually result in slower data
communications.

l The Setup Port Baud Rate always defaults to 19,200 no matter how the Data
Port Baud Rate is set.
l The only exception is Mode 6.
l For more information, see Application Note #5476, Mode 6.

FREEWAVE Recommends: With a Baud Rate setting of 38,400 or

higher, FreeWave recommends using the lines of the Flow Control (on
page 34).

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2.2.2. Data Parity

Data Parity
Setting Description
Default Setting: 0 (8, N, 1)
Options: See Description.
Terminal Menu: (1) Set Baud Rate > (A) Data Parity
Description: l Six data word length and parity configurations are available for use with
FreeWave radios.
l The default setting is 8-None-1 and is the most commonly used serial
communications protocol.
This table describes each option:

Option Data Bits Parity Stop Bits

0 8 None 1
1 7 Even 1
2 7 Odd 1
3 8 None 2
4 8 Even 1
5 8 Odd 1

2.2.3. Flow Control

Flow Control
Setting Description
Default Setting: (0) None
Options: l (0) None - No flow control CTS is active and de-asserts when buffering is 98%
full. Can pass XON/XOFF data but does not use it in any way.
l (1) RTS - Uses RTS/CTS (Request to Send/Clear to Send) for flow control.
l CTS performs the same way as in option 0 (none).
l RTS must be activated for the radio to output data over the serial port.
l (2) DTR - Uses DTR/DSR (Data Terminal Ready/Data Set Ready) for flow
control.
l (3) DOT - Half Duplex.
Terminal Menu: (1) Set Baud Rate > (F) FlowControl
Description: Specifies the hardware flow control for the data port on the radio.
Flow control is the process of managing the speed data is transmitted to not
overwhelm the device receiving the transmission.

FREEWAVE Recommends: Use Flow Control if the Baud Rate is

higher than 38,400.

Page 34 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

2.2.4. Modbus RTU

Note: When using the radio in Modbus RTU mode, the Master Packet Repeat parameter setting on
the MultiPoint Parameters tab MUST match in every radio.
The Modbus RTU mode must be set to 1 when radios are configured in RS485 or RS422 mode.

Modbus RTU
Setting Description
Default Setting: 0 (Disabled)
Options: 0 to 9
Terminal Menu: (1) Set Baud Rate > (B) Modbus RTU
Description: A setting other than 0 in this parameter causes the radio to wait for an amount of
time gathering data before sending out the RF link.
l 0 (Disabled) - The radio sends data out through its RF link as soon as the data
is received into the serial port. This is the default setting.
l 1 - The radio waits for a number of slots equal to two times the Master Packet
Repeat setting before sending the received data out the RF link.

Example: If the Master Packet Repeat parameter is set to 3, the radio

waits for 6 slots, gathering data up the whole time.
At the end of the 6 slots, the radio sends all received data in one “burst.”
This is the appropriate setting for most Modbus RTU devices.

l 2 or higher - The radio waits for a number of slots calculated using this
formula:
(Modbus RTU setting + Master Packet Repeat setting + 1) x 2

Example: In a radio where the Modbus RTU setting is 2 and the Master
Packet Repeat setting is 3, the radio waits for (2 + 3 + 1) x 2, or 12 slots.

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2.2.5. Serial Interface

Serial Interface
Setting Description
Default Setting: (0) RS232
Options: l (0) RS232 - Also used for TTL.
l (1) RS422/Full Duplex RS485 - Modbus RTU mode must be enabled and
Turn Off Delay set to at least 4.
l (2) Half Duplex RS485 - Modbus RTU mode must be enabled and Turn Off
Delay set to at least 4.
l (3) DOT - DOT causes the CD line to indicate when data is transmitted on the
serial port from the radio.
l When the radio is not sending data to the serial port, CD is de-asserted.
l When the radio is sending data to the serial port, CD is asserted.
l The CD line no longer has any link state functionality.
l Turn Off Delay works as described in all radios.
l Turn On Delay works as described on any Slave or Slave/Repeater - it has
no functionality on the Master.
If set to anything other than 0, the Setup Port parameter in the Baud Rate tab
must be set to Diagnostics Only.
Terminal Menu: (1) Set Baud Rate > (C) RS232/485
Description: Use this option to set the protocol of the data port for connection to an external
device.

Note: This setting must be 0 in TTL RF board products.

2.2.6. Setup Port

Important!: Do NOT change this setting unless the correct programming cable is available for the
new setting.

Setup Port
Setting Description
Default Setting: (3) Both
The factory setting is based on the radio type.
l A setting of 2 is used with Ethernet products and Mirrored Bit products.
l A setting of 3 is used in other products.

Page 36 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

Setup Port
Setting Description
Options: l (1) Main Only - Programming and reading a radio's setup information is done
through the data port.
l (2) Diagnostics Only - Programming and reading a radio's setup information
is done through the diagnostic port.
l If the Serial interface is set to anything other than RS232, then the Setup
Port must be set to Diagnostics Only.
l (3) Both - Programming and reading a radio's setup information is done
through either the data port or the diagnostic port .
Terminal Menu: (1) Set Baud Rate > (D) Setup Port
Description: Determines which port on the radio, Main or Diagnostics, is used to access the
parameter settings in Tool Suite or enter the Setup main menu in the terminal
interface.
l The main data port is the RS232 port.
l The diagnostics port is a 3-pin connector on the rear panel of the OEM Mini
series radios.
l The diagnostic cable for this port (ASC0409DC) is available from
FreeWave.
l The OEM modules use a 2-row, 2 mm female connector.
l The diagnostic cable for this port (ASC2009DC) is available from
FreeWave.

2.2.7. Turn Off Delay

Turn Off Delay
Setting Description
Default Setting: 0
Options: Any number between 0 and 9 ms.
Terminal Menu: (1) Edit Baud Rate > Turn Off Delay
Description: Specifies the time after the end of transmission of a character to the RS485 bus
that the radio stops driving the bus and releases the bus to other devices.
l The units are ¼ of a character with a range of 0-9.
l An entry of 4 means a delay equivalent to the duration of a full character.
l The default is 0 (zero) delay.
l For data rates of 1200 bits/S or slower, avoid setting the Turn Off Delay
parameter higher than 4.
l At those rates the functionality of the microprocessor changes so that a
Turn Off Delay of 5 has the same effect as if set to 1, and a setting of 6 has
the same effect as 2, and so on.
l Turn Off Delay must be set to a value of at least 4 for RS422 and RS485
operation.

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2.2.8. Turn On Delay

Turn On Delay
Setting Description
Default Setting: 0 ms
Options: Any number between 0 and 9 ms
Terminal Menu: (1) Set Baud Rate > (E) Turn On Delay
Description: Sets the delay between when the line drivers are turned on and when the data
leaves the data port.

2.2.9. Use Break to Access Setup

Note: This setting is typically only used in OEM scenarios.

Use Break to Access Setup

Setting Description
Default Setting: Disabled
Options: l (0) - Disabled - The break command is disabled.
l (1) - Enabled - The Setup menu is sent at 19,200 bps.
l (2) - Enabled - The Setup menu is sent at the radio's current baud rate.
Terminal Menu: (1) Set Baud Rate > (G) Use break to access setup
Description: Enables a break command to put the radio into Setup mode over the data port.
To send a break character, the end device must hold the Tx data line in the space
voltage level for longer than 1 character time.

Example: If a character is defined as having 1 start bit, 8 data bits, and 1

stop bit, the character time is 10 bits.
Thus, the transmit data line must be held in the space voltage level for a
period of time longer than 10 bits.

Page 38 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

2.3. Establishing Communication with Other Radios in the

Network
For the radios in the network to communicate successfully, the radios need to be told what other
devices are available for them to communicate with. Use one of these options:
l Network ID - Used in MultiPoint Networks, the Network ID parameter is available on the
MultiPoint Parameters tab.
l Each radio in a single network should be assigned the same ID.

l A Slave links with the first Master or Repeater that it hears that has a matching Network

ID.
l Because the Network ID does not use serial numbers, MultiPoint Masters and

Repeaters may be replaced without reprogramming all of the Slaves in the network.
The Network ID function should be used in conjunction with the Subnet ID feature (if
necessary) to route data through the radio network.
l Without having the serial numbers in the Call Book, Slaves may establish

communications with different Masters that match the radio's golden settings
described below, though not at the same time. This is very useful in mobile MultiPoint
applications.
l For information about setting the Network ID parameter in a MultiPoint Network, see

Using the Network ID in MultiPoint Networks (on page 65).

l Call Book - The Call Book is required in Point-to-Point networks.
l The Call Book stores serial numbers of other radios in the network that are allowed to talk

to a radio.
l Using the Call Book offers both security and flexibility in determining how FreeWave

radios communicate with each other.

FREEWAVE Recommends: While the Call Book is an option in Point-to-MultiPoint networks,

FreeWave strongly recommends using the Network ID feature in most applications.
If a large MultiPoint network is implemented using the Call Book and a radio needs to be added to or
replaced in the network, each radio in the network must be physically reprogrammed and the new
serial number entered in the radio's Call Book.
This can be a time consuming process and can cause a delay in getting the network back up and
running.
Because the Network ID does not use serial numbers, MultiPoint Master radios and Repeaters may
be added or replaced without reprogramming each Slave radio in the network.

Note: For more information about defining the Call Book in a Point-to-Point network, see Using the
Call Book in Point-to-Point Networks (on page 89).

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2.3.1. Golden Settings

A standard network requires that these parameters are set the same on all radios in the network.
FreeWave refers to these as the Golden Settings:
l Frequency Key
l Min Packet Size
l Max Packet Size
l Network ID
l RF Data Rate
Radios that contain the same settings in all these parameters can communicate with each other.
l If using the Call Book instead of the Network ID, or are running a Point-to-Point network,
the appropriate serial numbers must be listed in the Call Book for each radio.
l If working with parallel Repeaters, the Frequency Key setting may differ.

2.4. Designate the RF Transmission Characteristics

The Transmission Characteristics parameters are used to change settings that determine how
data is sent between radios in the network. Many of these parameters must be maintained
throughout the network for proper functionality.

Important!: The parameters on the Transmission Characteristics tab are only for the advanced
user who has a good understanding of the principles of RF transmission.

Several settings on a Slave or Repeater radio come from the Master, and are therefore set only
at the Master. Settings that you must set on each Slave or Repeater include:
l Hop Table Offset
l Hop Table Size
l Hop Table Version
l Retry Time Out
l Slave Security
l Transmit Power
Accept the default settings on the Transmission Characteristics tab when completing basic
setup.
However, these parameters must be set and they must be the same for all radios in the network:
l Frequency Key
l Hop Table properties (Size, Version, and Offset)
l Max Packet Size
l Min Packet Size
l RF Data Rate
Set these parameters on the Transmission Characteristics tab. These settings are available in
the Edit > Radio Transmission Characteristics menu in the terminal interface and apply to

Page 40 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

both Point-to-Point and Point-to-MultiPoint networks, unless indicated otherwise in the

description.

Note: See the Parameter Preference (on page 10) for a description of the parameter table's content.

2.4.1. 900MHz Channel Select Parameters

l The Channel tables are used to enable / disable each channel within the range of channels
available in the user's region.
l The available frequencies are shown as either Enabled (1) or Disabled (0 (zero)) in the

CLI.
l Specific regional frequencies are set by FreeWave.
l These frequencies are NOT available to customers.

l They are represented in the CLI by a . (period).

900MHz Channel Select Parameters

Setting Description
Default Setting: (0) Mode Set = Zone
Options: (0) Mode Set
(1) Set Single Channel Mask
Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics > (0) FreqKey > F > (4)

Important!: This command is NOT visible in the CLI menu.

Type 4 and press <Enter> to view the Channel Select Parameters.
See Access to the Single Channel Mask (on page 43).

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 41 of 136

900MHz Channel Select Parameters

Setting Description
Description: (0) Mode Set options
l 0 - sets as Single mode
l 1 - sets as Zone mode that allows the 900MHz Frequency Zones (on page 45)
to be changed.

(1) Set Single Channel Mask

Important!: This option is ONLY available if Single is selected in the

Mode Set command.

1. Enter 1 and press <Enter>.

2. Enter the Channel ID (from 0 to 111) and press <Enter>.
3. Enter 1 to set the channel On or
Enter 0 (zero) to turn the channel Off.

Example: See Example of Single Channel Mask (on page 44).

Note: See 900MHz Channel Frequency IDs (on page 131) for the Channel
IDs to use.

Page 42 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

Access to the Single Channel Mask

Figure 16: Access to Single Channel Mask

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 43 of 136

Example of Single Channel Mask

Figure 17: Example of Single Channel Mask

2.4.2. 900MHz Frequency Key (Golden Setting)

Note: In MultiPoint networks, the Frequency Key must be set identically in all radios.
Any radio with a Frequency Key different from the Master radio will not establish a link.
In Point-to-Point networks the Master radio's settings take precedence over the Slave radio.
There are exceptions if the network contains parallel repeaters.
For more information, see Working with Parallel Repeaters on page 94.

900MHz Frequency Key (Golden Setting)

Setting Description
Default Setting: 5

Page 44 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

900MHz Frequency Key (Golden Setting)

Setting Description
Options: 0 to 9
A to E

Important!: Do NOT use Frequency Key E with the 915 to 928 MHz, 916
to 920 MHz, and 921 to 928 MHz hop tables.

Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics > (0) FreqKey

Description: l Fifteen choices are available for the Frequency Key (0 to 9 and A to E)
setting, representing 15 different pseudo-random hop patterns.
l Hopping patterns minimize the interference with other FreeWave radios
operating in the area.

Example: If 10 pairs of FreeWave radios are operating on different

networks in close proximity, setting a different Frequency Key value
reduces the chance that radios hop to the same frequency at the same
time.
If two networks were to hop to the same frequency, the next hop would be
to a different frequency for both networks.

Gain additional network separation by adjusting the Max Packet

Size and Min Packet Size parameters.

Note: Use the Hop Table Version, Hop Table Size, and Frequency
Zone parameters to define more network differentiation by limiting the
number and location of frequencies the radios may hop in the 902 to 928
MHz band.

Important!: 900MHz radios do NOT use the Hop Frequency Offset

setting.

2.4.3. 900MHz Frequency Zones

Note: In MultiPoint networks, this setting needs to only be set on the Master.
In a Point-to-Point network, the Master and the Slave must have matching Frequency Zone
settings.

Important!: Frequency Zones are NOT valid if Single is selected in the 900MHz Channel Select
Parameters (on page 41).

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 45 of 136

900MHz Frequency Zones

Setting Description
Default Setting: All zones selected
Options: See Description.
Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics > (0) FreqKey > F > (3) Frequency
Zone
Description: Divides the available band (902 MHz to 928 MHz) into smaller bands.
In this case 16 smaller bands each consisting of 5, 7, and 8 frequency channels
depending on the frequency zone.
l These 16 zones are stored in a binary word, which is made up of 16 bits
numbered 0 to 15.
l Displayed in LSB to MSB, these bits directly represent the zones that the
radio operates on from lowest frequency to highest.
l A value of 1 in the bit sequence instructs the radio to operate within the
represented band.
l A value of 0 bypasses the represented band. This feature should only be
used with the standard hop table.

Caution: Set the Hop Table Version to 902 to 928 MHz when using
Frequency Zones.
If another Hop Table Version is selected, the limitations of that
selection are also applied to the hopping pattern.

Example: If 916 to 920 is used as the Hop Table Version, only the
middle of the band is available in the pattern.
Then, if Frequency Zones 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 are set to 0, no allowable
frequencies are available for the radio to use.

900MHz Frequency Zones Table

Warning! FCC regulations require a minimum of 50 separate channels be used within a hop
pattern.
Use the 900MHz Frequency Zones Table to determine the number of frequency zones
required for legal FCC use.

Example: Using zones 1 to 7 is equal to 49 channels; this is NOT legal according to the FCC.
Using zones 0 to 6 is equal to 50 channels; this is legal according to the FCC.

Page 46 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

900MHz Frequency Zones

Binary Zone Number
Beginning Freq. (MHz) Ending Freq. (MHz) Number Of Channels
(LSB First)
1 902.2464 903.8592 8
2 904.0896 905.4720 7
3 905.7024 907.0848 7
4 907.3152 908.6976 7
5 908.9280 910.3104 7
6 910.5408 911.9232 7
7 912.1536 913.5360 7
8 913.7664 915.1488 7
9 915.3792 916.7616 7
10 916.9920 918.6048 8
11 918.8352 920.2176 7
12 920.4480 921.8304 7
13 922.0608 923.4432 7
14 923.6736 925.0560 7
15 925.2864 926.6688 7
16 926.8992 927.8208 5

Enable Frequency Zones in Tool Suite

1. In the Tool Suite Configuration application, select the device to program.
2. Click the (3) Transmission Characteristics tab.
3. Click Frequency Zones to view the available frequency zones.
4. Select the Frequency Zones to enable.

Enable Frequency Zones using the Terminal Interface

1. On the main Setup menu, select 3 Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics.
2. Select option 0 FreqKey.
3. Select F for More.
4. Select option 3 Frequency Zone.
5. Enter:
1 to enable a frequency zone or
0 to disable a frequency zone.

Note: Frequency Zone entries begin with 0 (LSB) and continue through 15 (MSB).

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 47 of 136

Figure 18: HyperTerminal window with Frequency Zones

2.4.4. High Noise

High Noise
Setting Description
Default Setting: (0) Disabled
Options: (0) Disabled
(1) Enabled
Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics > (A) High Noise
Description: Use to determine if out-of-band interference is affecting a radio link.
l A setting of 1 provides a reduction of gain in the front end circuit thereby
decreasing the effect of any out-of- band noise.
l The results are seen as a lower signal value and a much lower noise value (as
found in Radio Statistics or Diagnostics).
l If the noise is not reduced by a greater amount than the signal, the interference
is most likely an in-band issue.

Note: When a noise problem is shown to be helped using the High Noise
option, the noise may be further decreased using a bandpass filter
available from FreeWave.

Page 48 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

2.4.5. 900MHz Hop Frequency Offset

Important!: FreeWave internal use only.

2.4.6. 900MHz Hop Table Size

Note: All radios in a network must have identical Hop Table settings.

Warning! FCC regulations require a minimum of 50 separate frequency channels be used

within a hop pattern.

900MHz Hop Table Size

Setting Description
Default Setting: 112
Options: 50 to 112
Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics > (0) FreqKey > F > (1) Hop Table
Size
Description: Defines how many separate channels a given network uses.

FREEWAVE Recommends: Use the Frequency Zones instead of the

Hop Table Size setting.

2.4.7. 900MHz Hop Table Version

Note: All radios in a network must have identical Hop Table settings.

900MHz Hop Table Version

Setting Description
Default Setting: 902-928 MHz

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900MHz Hop Table Version

Setting Description
Options: l 902-928 MHz, full band
l 915-928 MHz
l 903.744-926.3232 MHz
l 916-920 MHz
l 921-928 MHz
l 902-911_919-928 MHz
l Uses 902-928 MHz with center frequencies of 911-919 MHz notched out.
l 902-915 MHz

Important!: If using a Hop Table Version setting of 915-928 MHz, 916-

920 MHz, or 921-928 MHz, do NOT set the Frequency Key parameter
setting to E (916-920 MHz).

Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics > (0) FreqKey > F > (0) Hop Table
Version
Description: Determines the section of the 900 MHz band the radio uses.
In the terminal interface, enter the number that corresponds to the frequency band:

Terminal
Interface Frequency Band
Number
0 902-928 MHz, uses the full band
1 915-928 MHz
2 903.744-926.3232 MHz
3 916-920 MHz
4 921-928 MHz
5 902-911_919.928 MHz
Uses 902-928 MHz with center frequencies of 911-919 MHz
notched out.
6 902-915 MHz

Page 50 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

2.4.8. Max Packet Size and Min Packet Size (Golden Setting)
Note: In MultiPoint networks, the Max Packet Size and Min Packet Size must be set identically in
all radios.
In Point-to-Point networks the Master radio's settings take precedence over the Slave radio.

Max Packet Size and Min Packet Size (Golden Setting)

Setting Description
Default Setting: Max Packet Size = 8
Min Packet Size = 9
Options: Any number between 0 and 9.
Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Transmission Characteristics > (1) Max Packet Size and (2) Min
Packet Size
Description: The Max and Min Packet Size parameter settings and the RF Data Rate
parameter determine the number of bytes in the packets.
l Throughput can be enhanced when packet sizes are optimized.
l In Point-to-Point mode, the Max and Min Packet Size settings do not have
material impact on throughput unless 115.2 kbps is desired.
l However, this may have an impact on latency.

Example: If small amounts of data are sent and large packet sizes are
selected, a certain amount of time wasted between each packet would be
seen.

l In each over-the-air frame, both the Master and Slave are guaranteed the
number of bytes specified in the Minimum Packet Size parameter.
l In the Master, this is used for maintaining the RF link whether the Gateway
has data to transmit or not.
l The Maximum Packet Size parameter is used to allocate the maximum
number of bytes for each Master transmission.
l The Minimum Packet Size parameter is used to allocate the minimum
number of bytes for each Slave transmission.
l If the Master does not use all the bytes allocated in the Maximum Packet
Size setting minus the Minimum Packet Size setting, then the remaining
bytes are available for the Slave.

2.4.9. MCU Speed

MCU Speed
Setting Description
Default Setting: (0) Normal

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MCU Speed
Setting Description
Options: l (0) Normal (low speed) - Reduces current consumption.
l (1) Fast (high speed) - Required for 230 KBaud and greater data port rate.

Note: If the radio is AES enabled and using the encryption functionality,
set this parameter to 3 using the terminal interface.
The value is accepted even though it is not viewable as an option and
applies only when using AES encryption.
For more information about setting up AES encryption, see Enable and Set
Up AES Encryption (on page 97).

Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics > (B) MCU Speed
Description: Controls the speed of the Micro Controller Unit (MCU) in the radio.

2.4.10. Remote LED

Remote LED
Setting Description
Default Setting: (0) Local Only
Options: l (0) Local Only - Only the LEDs on the board are enabled.
l (1) Remote and Local - LEDs on the board and remote LEDs through the
diagnostic port are enabled.
l (2) Remote Only - LEDs on the board are disabled. Remote LEDs through the
diagnostic port are enabled.
Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics > (C) Remote LED
Description:
Note: If using a radio with the optional 20-pin connector, use this option to
connect remote LEDs through the diagnostics port.

This feature may be used to save power in MultiPoint Repeaters.

l By turning off the on-board LEDs (setting = 2) the current consumption is
reduced.
l To reduce current consumption in Slave radios, use Low Power Mode
(setting = 1).
l Low Power Mode does NOT work with MultiPoint Repeaters because
Repeaters are constantly transmitting.
l Remote LED drives the Diagnostic port, which has a small amount of current
draw.
l When using remote LEDs, the center (TX) LED does NOT output a signal for a
green LED when in Setup mode.
l The Green TX LED has no remote pinout.

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2.4.11. Retry Time Out

Retry Time Out
Setting Description
Default Setting: 255
Options: Any number between 0 and 255 in MultiPoint networks.

Note: The minimum in 900MHz radios is 8 seconds.

Any number between 151 and 255 in Point-to-Point networks.

Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Transmission Characteristics > (8) Retry Time Out
Description: The Retry Time Out parameter in a Slave or Repeater sets the delay the unit
waits before dropping the connection to a Master or Repeater.
l The factory default is set at the maximum of 255.
l With a setting of 255, the Master allows a Slave or Repeater to stay
connected as long as 1 packet in 255 is successfully received at the
Master.
l The maximum setting means that if 1 packet in 255 is sent successfully from
the Master to the Slave or Repeater, the link is maintained.
l This allows a Slave or Repeater to drop a connection if less than 1 in 8
consecutive packets is successfully received from the Master.
The Retry Time Out parameter is useful when a MultiPoint network has a roving
Master or Slave. As the link gets weaker, a lower setting allows a poor link to
break in search of a stronger one.

FREEWAVE Recommends: Setting the Retry Time Out parameter to

20 in the MultiPoint Master is recommended in areas where several
FreeWave networks exist.
This recommended setting allows Slaves and Repeaters to drop the
connection if the link becomes too weak, while at the same time prevent
errant disconnects due to interference from neighboring networks.

Note: While intended primarily for MultiPoint networks, the Retry Time
Out parameter may be changed in Point-to-Point networks.
However, the value in Point-to-Point mode should NOT be set to less than
151.

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2.4.12. RF Data Rate (Golden Setting)

Note: In MultiPoint networks, the RF Data Rate parameter must be set the same in all radios. Any
radio with an RF Data Rate setting different from the Master will not establish a link. In Point-to-
Point networks the Master setting takes precedence over the Slave.

RF Data Rate (Golden Setting)

Setting Description
Default Setting: (3) Normal
Options: l (2) High - 153.6 kbps
l (3) Normal - 115.2 kbps
Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Transmission Characteristics > (4) RF Data Rate
Description:
Important!: Do NOT confuse the RF Data Rate with the serial port Baud
Rate.

FreeWave radios have these RF Data Rate settings:

l 2 (High).
l Use setting 2 (RF Speed of 153.6 kbps) when the radios are close together
and need to optimize data throughput.
l 3 (Normal).
l Use setting 3 (RF Speed of 115.2 kbps) when the radios are farther away
and a solid data link is preferred over data throughput.

2.4.13. RTS to CTS

Important!: The RTS to CTS option is only available in RS232 mode.
It is NOT recommended to enable this feature when operating at Baud Rates above 38,400.

RTS to CTS
Setting Description
Default Setting: (0) Disabled
Options: l (0) Disabled
l (1) Enabled
l (2) Line Alarm

Note: Setting 2 is described in detail in the Application Note #5437, DTR

to CTS Line Alarm Feature.

Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Transmission Characteristics > (7) RTS to CTS

Page 54 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

RTS to CTS
Setting Description
Description: Use this option to set the RTS line on the Master radio to control the CTS line of
the Slave.
With RTS to CTS enabled:
l In MultiPoint networks, the Master RTS line controls all Slave's CTS lines.
l The CTS line stops functioning as flow control.
l The Master senses the RTS line prior to all scheduled packet transmissions.
l If the state has changed, the Master then transmits a message to the Slave
with the new status. This transmission occurs regardless of data being
sent.
l If data is ready to be sent, the RTS status message is sent in addition to the
data.
l In Point-to-Point mode, the Master continues sending the new status message
until it receives an acknowledgment from the Slave.
l In MultiPoint mode, the Master repeats the message the number of times
equal to the Master Packet Repeat value in the MultiPoint Parameters tab.
l Master transmit times are completely asynchronous to the occurrence of any
change of the RTS line; the latency time from RTS to CTS is variable.
l The Max and Min Packet Size parameters determine this duration.
l Setting both parameters to their maximum value of 9 produces a maximum
latency time of approximately 21ms, given no Repeaters in the network.
l At the minimum settings for Max and Min Packet Size (0), the time is
approximately 5.9ms.
l This latency can increase significantly if packets are lost between the Master
and Slave.
l In Point-to-MultiPoint mode, no absolute guarantee is made that the state
change is communicated to all Slaves.
l In MultiPoint networks with Repeaters present, the latency is cumulative for
each serial Repeater.

Example: If the latency between the Master and the first Repeater is
15ms, and two serial Repeaters are present, the total latency is 45ms.
(M—R1 (15ms) + R1—R2 (15ms) + R2—S (15ms) = 45ms).

Important!: The RTS to CTS feature does NOT function in Point-to-Point

networks that contain a Repeater.
If this feature is needed in such network, the mode should be changed to
Point-to-MultiPoint.

l If DTR Connect on the Tool Suite MultiPoint Parameters tab is enabled and
set to 2, the RTS to CTS feature does not work.

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 55 of 136

RTS to CTS
Setting Description
l If DTR Connect is enabled and set to 1, RTS to CTS mode takes precedence
over the functionality of the CTS line on the Slave relating to the DTR
Connect feature.

2.4.14. Slave Security

Note: The Slave Security parameter has no effect in Point-to-MultiPoint networks where the
Network ID is used.

Slave Security
Setting Description
Default Setting: (0) On
Options: (0) On
(1) Off
Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Transmission Characteristics > (6) Slave Security
Description: l Slave Security allows Slave radios to accept transmissions from a Master not
included in the Call Book.
l The default setting of 0 (On) means only Masters in the Slave radio's Call
Book may link to that Slave.
l The Slave Security parameter may be disabled (setting of 1) allowing any
Master to call the Slave.
l The Slave Security parameter must be set to 1 when the unit is operating in
Mode 6, Slave/Master Switchable or a Point-to-Point network where the Slave
may need to accept calls from more than 10 different Masters.
l See Application Note #5476: Mode 6 for additional information.
l When the Slave Security parameter is set to 1, the radio accepts calls from
any other radio.
l Additional network security measures may be taken to prevent unauthorized
access (e.g., changing default settings for Frequency Key, Hop Table, or
Frequency Zones).

2.4.15. Transmit Power

Transmit Power
Setting Description
Default Setting: 10
Options: Any number between 0 and 10
Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Transmission Characteristics > (5) RF Xmit Power

Page 56 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

Transmit Power
Setting Description
Description: Sets the output power of the radio in dBm.
l In FGR2 radios, a setting of 10 is approximately 1 W of output power.

When testing radios, and they are in close proximity to one another,
set the Transmit Power parameter to a low number.
When deploying radios to the field, raise the Transmit Power
number accordingly.

Important!: This table is for reference only. All Transmit Power settings below 9 are approximate.

Power (in mW) for

Setting
FGR2 Radios
0 5
1 10
2 35
3 80
4 140
5 230
6 330
7 480
8 600
9 800
10 1000

2.4.16. Transmit Rate

Transmit Rate
Setting Description
Default Setting: (1) Normal
Options: l 0 - Diagnostics
l 1 - Normal
Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Transmission Characteristics > (3) Xmit Rate

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 57 of 136

Transmit Rate
Setting Description
Description: FGR2 radios have two available Transmit Rate settings.
l The setting for normal operation of the radio is 1.
l When set to 0, the radios transmit back and forth continuously regardless if
they have any actual data.
l 0 should be used only as a diagnostic tool and not for normal operation.
l The strength of the signal may be gauged by the Clear to Send (CTS) LED.
l A solid red ( ) CTS LED indicates a strong signal.
l A blinking ( ) CTS LED indicates a weaker signal.
0 is useful to qualitatively gauge signal strength in Point-to-Point mode.

Page 58 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

3. Configuring
Point-to-MultiPoint Networks

When installing MultiPoint networks it is important to do some up front planning around the
devices to implement and the route the data is going to take back to the Master. A MultiPoint
network can contain the following devices:
l Only one Master. All communications are from and to the Master.
l An unlimited number of Slave radios (remote sites).
l An unlimited number of Repeaters between any Slave and the Master.
l Serial Repeaters can be Slave radios and Repeaters at the same time.
This section provides details about the setup that applies specifically to a MultiPoint network:
l Point to MultiPoint network characteristics.
l Using the Network ID or the Call Book to establish which radios in the network can
communicate with each other.
l Using subnet IDs to route traffic through the network, back to the Master.
l Settings and recommendations for additional parameters that apply to a MultiPoint
network.
l Conserving power in devices within the network.
l Running network diagnostics.

Note: See Routing Communications through the Network (on page 68) and Assigning Subnet ID
Values (on page 68) for additional information.

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3.1. Point to MultiPoint Network Characteristics

A Point to MultiPoint network has these unique characteristics:
l Golden Settings (on page 60).
l Master to Slave Communications (on page 60).
l Slave to Master Communications (on page 60).

3.1.1. Golden Settings

A Point-to-MultiPoint network requires that the Golden Settings (described in Golden Settings (on
page 40)) are set the same on ALL radios in the network.
If several independent MultiPoint networks are located in close proximity, the planning becomes
more critical. It is very important to include as much frequency and time diversity as possible using
different Min and Max Packet Size. In some instances the use of the MultiMaster Sync option
may be required.
In almost all MultiPoint networks, the Frequency Key is the same for all radios. In other networks,
where parallel Repeaters are introduced, the Frequency Key value needs to change.

3.1.2. Master to Slave Communications

Master - to - Slave communications within a MultiPoint network have these characteristics:
l Data packets sent from the Master include a 32-bit CRC.
l The Master repeats its data broadcast between 0 to 9 times, depending on the Master
Packet Repeat setting. For more information, see Master Packet Repeat (on page 74).
l A Slave or Repeater does not send acknowledgments to the Master when it receives data.
l When any Slave in the network receives the data packet from the Master with the 32-bit

CRC, that Slave ignores any additional repeats of the data, and passes the data to its
data port.
l Repeaters in the network send data to Slave radios and other Repeaters.

3.1.3. Slave to Master Communications

Slave - to - Master communications within a MultiPoint network have these characteristics:
l Data packets sent from the Slave to the Master include a 32-bit CRC.
l When the Master successfully receives data, it sends an acknowledgment to the Slave and
passes the data out its data port.

Page 60 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

3.2. Point-to-MultiPoint Network Quick Start

This is a quick start procedure for setting up two radios in Point-to-MultiPoint mode. This mode
allows for a Master to communicate with several Repeaters and Slaves simultaneously.
3.2.1. Point-to-MultiPoint Network Quick Start (Tool Suite)
1. Connect the radio to the serial port of a computer using either a serial cable or the
diagnostics cable.
2. Connect the radio to a power source.

Important!: Power supply ranges and recommendations vary depending on model.

Verify the specifications for the model prior to connecting power.

3. Open a Tool Suite session.

4. Click the Configuration application.
5. Verify the correct port is selected in the Com Port field in the upper left of the
Configuration ribbon.
6. On the Configuration ribbon, in the Network section, click the network the radio resides in
or
Click Add Network to create a new network in Tool Suite.
7. Click Read Radio on the Configuration ribbon to read the radio's current settings.
l If using a diagnostics cable to connect to the radio, the radio automatically goes into

Setup mode.
l When in Setup mode, all three LEDs on the radio are solid green.

l If using a data cable to connect to the radio, follow the prompt to press the radio's

Setup button to put it in Setup mode.

8. Click the Operation Mode tab.
9. In the Modem Mode field:
Select 2 to set the radio as a Point-to-MultiPoint Master.
Select 3 to set the radio as a Point-to-MultiPoint Slave.

Note: A MultiPoint network can have only one Master, unless running in Multi-Master Sync
mode.
For more information, see Multi-Master Sync (on page 101).

10. Click the Baud Rate tab.

11. Change the Baud Rate, Data Parity, and Modbus RTU to match the device that the radio
is to be connected to.
12. Click the Transmission Characteristics tab.
13. Set these parameters so they are identical on all radios in the network:
l Frequency Key

l Max Packet Size

l Min Packet Size

l RF Data Rate

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 61 of 136

Note: If several independent MultiPoint networks are located in close proximity, it is very
important to include as much frequency and time diversity as possible through use of different
Frequency Key, Min and Max Packet Size, and Hop Table settings.

14. Click the MultiPoint Parameters tab.

15. In the Network ID field, set to any value between 1 and 4095.

FREEWAVE Recommends: Set the Network ID to the last three or four digits of the Master
radio's serial number if it is below 4095.
This value must be the same in all radios in the network.

Important!: A setting of 255 disables the Network ID feature and enables the Call Book.

16. Send the parameter settings by either:

l Sending all the settings for all parameters:

In the Configuration application, on the Network Title ribbon, click All.

l Sending only the changed parameters:

In the Configuration application, on the Network Title ribbon, click Quick.

Note: This option is only available if Read Radio is clicked and parameter settings are
NOT sent from a template to the radio.

3.2.2. Point-to-MultiPoint Network Quick Start (Terminal Interface)

1. Connect the radio to the serial port of a computer using either a serial cable or the
diagnostics cable.
2. Connect the radio to a power source.

Important!: Power supply ranges and recommendations vary depending on model.

Verify the specifications for the model prior to connecting power.

3. Open a terminal emulator session.

Use the Tool Suite Setup Terminal application if a terminal emulator is not available.

4. Connect to COMx (where 'x' is the number of the COM connected port).
5. Set these options:
l Data Rate: 19,200

l Data Bits: 8

l Parity: None

l Stop Bits: 1

l Flow Control: None

6. Press the Setup button on the radio.

If using the diagnostics cable, press <Shift+U>.

Page 62 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

lThe three LEDs on the radio should all turn green , indicating Setup mode.
l The Main menu appears on the screen.

7. Press <0> to access the Operation Mode menu.

8. Press <2> to set the radio as a Point-to-MultiPoint Master or
Press <3> to set the radio as a Point-to-MultiPoint Slave.
9. Press <Esc> to return to the Main menu.

Note: A MultiPoint network can have only one Master, unless running in Multi-Master Sync
mode.
For more information, see Multi-Master Sync (on page 101).

10. Press <1> on the Main menu.

11. Change the Baud Rate, Data Parity, and Modbus RTU to match the device that the
radio is to be attached to.
12. Press <Esc> to return to the Main menu.
13. Press <3> in the Main menu.
14. Set these parameters so they are the same on all radios in the network:
l FreqKey

l Max Packet Size

l Min Packet Size

l RF Data Rate

Note: The Frequency Key option is located in the F submenu after pressing 0 to access the
Frequency Key menu in Main menu 3.

15. Press <Esc> to return to the Main menu.

16. Press <5> on the Main menu.
17. In the Network ID field, set the value to any value between 1 and 4095.

Note: A 255 setting disables the Network ID feature and enables the Call Book.

FREEWAVE Recommends: Set the Network ID to the last three or four digits of the Master
radio's serial number if it is below 4095.
This value must be the same in all radios in the network.

18. Press <Esc> to exit the Setup menu and resume normal radio operation.

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3.3. Point-to-MultiPoint Operation LEDs

Master Slave Repeater
Carrier Transmit Clear to Carrier Transmit Clear to Carrier Transmit Clear to
Condition Detect Send Detect Send Detect Send
(CD) (Tx) (CTS) (CD) (Tx) (CTS) (CD) (Tx) (CTS)
Powered, not linked Solid red Solid red Off Solid red Off Blinking Solid red Off Blinking
bright dim bright red bright red
Repeater and Slave linked to Solid red Solid red Off Solid Off Solid red Solid Solid red Solid red
Master. bright dim green bright green dim bright
No data.
Repeater and Slave linked to Solid red Solid red Off Solid Off Solid red Solid Solid red Solid red
Master. bright dim green bright green dim bright
Master sending data to
Slave.
Repeater and Slave linked to Solid green RCV data Solid red Intermittent Solid Intermittent Solid red Solid Solid red Solid red
Master. or Solid red dim flash red green flash red bright green bright bright
Slave sending data to bright
Master.
Master with diagnostics Solid red Solid red Intermittent Solid Intermittent Solid red Solid Solid red Solid red
program running. bright dim flash red green flash red bright green bright bright

Note: *In an idle condition, the CTS LED is solid red with a solid link, as the link weakens the CTS LED on the Repeater and Slave begins
to blink .

Page 64 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

3.4. Overlapping MultiPoint Networks

Overlapping MultiPoint networks may be set up effectively when several key parameters are set
correctly. Overlapping MultiPoint networks are defined as networks using different Master radios,
which share or overlap in a specific geographic area. It may also include collocated radios
configured into different networks.
For more information, see Application Note #5412, Synchronizing Collocated Masters (Multi-
Master Sync Mode) (available from www.freewave.com).
Collocated MultiPoint networks require these parameters be unique for each network:
l Network ID (unless using the Call Book)
l Frequency Key (with Repeater Frequency)
l Max Packet Size
l Min Packet Size

Note: For more information about the installation of Point-to-MultiPoint networks, contact FreeWave
Technical Support.
See Contact FreeWave Technical Support on page 9

3.5. Establishing Communication with Other Radios in a

MultiPoint Network
For the radios in the network to communicate successfully, the radio needs to know what other
devices are available for them to communicate with. Use the Network ID or the Call Book.

FREEWAVE Recommends: While the Call Book is an option in Point-to-MultiPoint networks,

3.5.1. Using the Network ID in MultiPoint Networks

The Network ID parameter is located on the MultiPoint Parameters tab. Assign each radio in a
single network the same Network ID. Slave radios link with the first Master or Repeater it hears
that has a matching Network ID.
When setting the Network ID:
l The value can be any value between 1 and 4095, except 255.
l 255 enables the Call Book.

l To help ensure the ID is unique to the network, avoid using numbers that coincide with
nearby landmarks or highways.

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 65 of 136

Example: Use the last four digits of the Master serial number if it is below 4095.
This is ensured to be unique and does not overlap with other nearby FreeWave networks.

l Use the Network ID function in conjunction with the Subnet ID feature (if necessary) to
route data through the radio network.

3.5.2. Using the Call Book in MultiPoint Networks

Although NOT recommended, the Call Book is an option in MultiPoint networks. If the Network
ID feature is used in a MultiPoint network, no entries are needed in the Call Book of any of the
radios.

FREEWAVE Recommends: While the Call Book is an option in Point-to-MultiPoint networks,

Important!: Using the Call Book in a MultiPoint network can cause delay in resuming
communications if a Master is damaged.

Note: For information about setting the Call Book, see Using the Call Book in Point-to-Point
Networks on page 89.

In a MultiPoint network, the Slave radios and Repeaters are not listed in the Master radio's Call
Book. Slave radios must have the Master and any Repeater it is going to use in its Call Book.
These examples show the Call Book of a MultiPoint network comprised of a Master, Repeater,
and Slave in which the Slave can communicate either through the Repeater or directly to the
Master.
MultiPoint Master Call Book (Unit Serial Number 900-0001)

Entry Number Repeater 1 Repeater 2

(0) 000-0000
(1) 000-0000

Note: No serial number entries are necessary in the Master’s Call Book.

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MultiPoint Repeater Call Book (Unit Serial Number 900-0002)

Entry Number Repeater 1 Repeater 2

(0) 900-0001
(1) 000-0000

MultiPoint Slave Call Book (Unit Serial Number 900-0003)

Entry Number Repeater 1 Repeater 2

(0) 900-0001
(1) 900-0002
(2) 000-0000

At times, the Slave radios need to be forced to go through a specific MultiPoint Repeater.
In this scenario, the Slave radio's Call Book should contain only the serial number for that
Repeater as the entry on line 0.

3.5.3. Programming Point-to-MultiPoint Extended Call Book

In a MultiPoint network, Slave radios can be programmed to roam between Master radios and
Repeaters using the MultiPoint Extended Call Book function. Slave radios with Call Book, as
configured in this procedure, communicate with any radio whose serial number appears in any of
the three columns.
Procedure
1. Set the Network ID to 255.
2. In the Call Book, enter 999-9999 as the last entry in the first and second columns.
3. In the Call Book, set Entry to Call to All.

Figure 19: HyperTerminal PTMP Extended Call Book

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3.6. Routing Communications through the Network

When using the Network ID, a Repeater or Slave links to the first Repeater or Master it hears
with the same ID.
l Use Subnet IDs to determine the path a Repeater or Slave uses to communicate back to
the Master.
l Subnet IDs are particularly helpful to force:
l Two Repeaters in the same network to operate in series rather than in parallel.

l Slave radios to communicate to a specific Repeater for load balancing purposes.

Note: Forcing the communications path optimizes the performance of the network by ensuring the
Repeater or Slave links to a Repeater or Master with robust RF communications. Subnet IDs can
help to minimize latency.

3.6.1. Assigning Subnet ID Values

Subnet IDs consist of two parts, both available on the MultiPoint Parameters tab:
l Rx - This setting identifies which radio a Repeater or Slave listens to.
l In the terminal interface, this is the Rcv Subnet ID.

l Tx - This setting identifies the ID this device transmits on and which devices listen to it.
l The Tx Subnet ID parameter is relevant for MultiPoint Master radios and Repeaters

only.
l In the terminal interface, this is the Xmt Subnet ID.

l The default (disable) setting for both Rx and Tx is F, F.

l This is a visual way to indicate that the device is the final in the line of communication and

does not use a subnet ID.

l A MultiPoint Slave with a Subnet ID of F, F does not roam from one Repeater or network
to the next.
l It only links to a Master or Repeater that has either a Transmit Subnet setting of 0 or an

F, F Subnet ID.
l Setting both Rx and Tx Subnet ID to 0 allows a mobile Slave to roam from subnet to
subnet, and possibly from network to network, provided the Network ID, Max and Min
Packet Size, and RF Data Rates are the same between networks.
The examples in this section show the subnet definitions from the Master radio through the
network to the Slave radios. When the subnet path is defined, the Slave radios can follow the
route back to the Master.

Page 68 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

Example 1: Subnet and Specific Path Communication

This example shows a network in which subnet IDs are used to force communications along a
specific path.

Figure 20: Subnet and Specific Path Communication

Subnet and Specific Path Communication

Radio Rx Tx Additional Information
Master 0 0 The default settings (F, F) actually use 0, 0.
The Rx Subnet on the Master has no effect on the
network.
Repeater 1 0 1 Rx Subnet = 0 forces the radio to link only to the Master.
Repeater 2 1 2 Rx Subnet = 1 forces communication through Repeater 1.
Repeater 1 transmits on subnet 2.
Slave 2 F Rx Subnet = 2 forces communication through Repeater 2.
The Slave is the end of the network, so its Tx Subnet is F.

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Example 2: Subnet and Communication Required through Repeaters

This example shows:
l Repeater 2 must communicate through Repeater 1.
l The Slave connected to Repeater 1 must route through Repeater 1.
l The other two Slave radios must route through Slave/Repeater 2.

Figure 21: Subnet and Communication Required through Repeaters

Subnet and Communication Required through Repeaters

Radio Rx Tx Additional Information
Master 0 0 The default settings (F, F) actually use 0, 0.
The Rx Subnet on the Master has no effect on the network.
Slave 1 0 F Rx Subnet = 0 forces the radio to link only to the Master.
The Slave does not transmit to any device except the Master,
so its Tx Subnet is F.
Repeater 1 0 1 Rx Subnet = 0 forces the radio to link only to the Master.
Transmits on subnet 1.
Slave 2 0 F Rx Subnet = 0 forces the radio to link only to the Master.
Slave/Repeater 2 1 2 Rx Subnet = 1 forces the radio to link only to Repeater 1.
It transmits on Tx Subnet 2 to Slave 4 and 5.
Slave 3 1 F Rx Subnet = 1 forces the radio to link only to Repeater 1.
The Slave does not transmit to any device except Repeater
1, so its Tx Subnet is F.
Slave 4 2 F Rx Subnet = 2 forces the radio to link with Slave/Repeater 2.
Slave 5 2 F Rx Subnet = 2 forces the radio to link with Slave/Repeater 2.

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Example 3: Subnet and Optional Slave Communication

This example shows:
l Repeater 1 must talk directly to the Master.
l Repeater 2 must talk directly to Repeater 1.
l Slave 1, 2, and 3 are forced along the direction of the solid lines.
l Slave 4 may link to the first Master or Repeater it hears in the network.

Figure 22: Subnet and Optional Slave Communication

Subnet and Optional Slave Communication

Radio Rx Tx Additional Information
Master 0 or F 0 or F The default settings (F, F) actually use 0, 0.
The Rx Subnet on the Master has no effect on the
network.
Repeater 1 0 1 Rx Subnet = 0 forces the radio to link only to the Master.
Repeater 2 1 2 Rx Subnet = 1 forces communication through Repeater 1.
Repeater 1 transmits on SubnetID 1.
Slave 1 0 0 or F Rx Subnet = 0 forces communication through the Master.
Slave 2 1 0 or F Rx Subnet = 1 forces communication through Repeater 1.
Slave 3 2 0 or F Rx Subnet = 2 forces communication through Repeater 2.
Slave 4 0 0 The 0, 0 setting allows the Slave to link with the:
l first Master or
l Repeater it hears with the same Network ID.

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3.7. Setting Other MultiPoint Parameters

The other MultiPoint Parameters options allow you to modify several different parameters in the
radio that determine the characteristics of a MultiPoint network.
l In Tool Suite, set these parameters in the MultiPoint Parameters tab.
l These settings are available in the MultiPoint Parameters menu in the terminal interface.

Note: See the Parameter Preference (on page 10) for a description of the parameter table's content.

3.7.1. 1 PPS Enable Delay

Important!: When 1 PPS is enabled, the Master radio must have a 1 PPS pulse on its DTR pin,
otherwise the RF network does not function.

1 PPS Enable Delay

Setting Description
Default Setting: 255
Options: l 255 to disable 1 PPS
l 0 to 254 to enter the delay
Terminal Menu: (5) Edit MultiPoint Parameters > (9) 1 PPS Enable/Delay
Description: The 1 PPS Enable/Delay setting allows a 1PPS signal to propagate from the
Master to all Slave in a MultiPoint network.
When this parameter is enabled a properly generated pulse applied on the DTR
line of the Master provides a 1 PPS pulse on the CD line of any Slave in the
network.

Setup 1PPS Enable/Delay

1. On the Master radio, set the 1 PPS Enable/Delay parameter to 0.

Note: The Master must have a 1 PPS pulse on the DTR pin, otherwise the RF network will
not function.

2. Enable the 1 PPS Enable/Delay parameter on the Slave radios.

Slave radios are calibrated at the factory.

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Calibrate a Slave Radio in 1PPS Enable/Delay Mode

1. On the Master radio, trigger an oscilloscope on the 1 PPS pulse on the DTR line.
2. Monitor the CD line of the Slave radio.
3. If the timing on the Slave radio differs from the Master it may be adjusted via the value in the
Slave radio's 1 PPS Enable/Delay parameter.
The difference in time between each incremental integer value is 542.534 nanoseconds (ns).
Changing the parameter to higher values decreases the Slave radio time delay and changing the
parameter to lower values increases the time delay.
When properly calibrated, the CD line Slave radio outputs a pulse that goes high for about 2 ms in
sync with the 1 PPS pulse on the Master radio. The output on the Slave radio occurs within 20
microseconds of the input to the Master.

3.7.2. Diagnostics
Diagnostics
Setting Description
Default Setting: 0 (Disabled)
Options: Any number between 0 and 128
Terminal Menu: (5) Edit MultiPoint Parameters > (B) Diagnostics
Description: Allows diagnostics data in the Network Diagnostics in Tool Suite to be viewed at
the Master radio in parallel with application data.
l The setting in this parameter determines how many slots out of 128 are
dedicated to diagnostics.
l Diagnostics is always secondary to actual transmitted data.

Example: If set to 10, 1 out of every 10 data slots is for diagnostics data.
If set to 100, 1 out of every 100 data slots is for diagnostics data.

Note: For more information, see Reading Diagnostics in Tool Suite on

page 82.

3.7.3. DTR Connect

DTR Connect
Setting Description
Default Setting: (0) Off
Options: l (0) Off - When set to off in the Slave radio, the radio transmits when the data is
received.
l (1) DTR Sensing - Forms a Point-to-Point link with the Master radio when the
DTR line is high to send data.
l (2) Burst Mode - The radio transmits data in bursts.

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DTR Connect
Setting Description
Terminal Menu: (5) MultiPoint parameters > (4) DTR Connect
Description: Determines how the radio sends its data.

Note: This mode is valuable when a network has many low data rate
devices and to increase overall network capacity.

The radio has two separate transmit and receive user data buffers of 2kb each.

Caution: In case of a buffer overflow, the radio outputs unpredictable

data.

3.7.4. Local Mode

Local Mode
Setting Description
Default Setting: (0) Disabled
Options: (0) Disabled, (1) Enabled
Terminal Menu: (5) Edit MultiPoint Parameters > (E) Local Access
Description: Enable Local Mode to access a Slave radio with a local Master radio.

Important!: This Master does NOT take the place of the network Master.

Note: For more information, see Application Note #5457, Local Mode
(available from www.freewave.com).

3.7.5. Master Packet Repeat

Note: When using the radio in Modbus RTU mode, the Master Packet Repeat setting must match
in every radio, regardless of whether the network is in Point-to-Point or MultiPoint mode.

Master Packet Repeat

Setting Description
Default Setting: 3
Options: Any number between 0 and 9.
Terminal Menu: (5) Edit MultiPoint Parameters > (1) Master Packet Repeat

Page 74 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

Master Packet Repeat

Setting Description
Description: In a Point-to-MultiPoint network, Slave radios do not acknowledge transmissions
from the Master.
l If Slave radios did acknowledge all data transmissions, in a large network, the
Master would soon become overwhelmed with acknowledgments from the
Slaves.
l Without acknowledgments, 100% confidence every Slave radio has received
every packet cannot be met.
l To address this issue, change the Master Packet Repeat parameter,
assigning a value between 0 (the packet is transmitted once) to 9 (the packet
is transmitted 10 times).
For networks with solid RF links, this parameter should be set to a low value (e.g.,
1 or 2).
l If a network has some weak or marginal links it should be set with higher
values.
l If a Slave radio receives a good packet from a Master more than once it
discards the repeated packets.
l Similarly, after a MultiPoint Repeater receives a good packet from the Master,
it discards any further repeated packets.
l In turn, the Repeater sends the packet out to the next Repeater or Slaves the
number of times corresponding to its own Master Packet Repeat setting.
Increasing the Master Packet Repeat setting increases the probability of a
packet getting through, but also increases latency in the network because each
packet from the Master or Repeater is being sent multiple times.

Note: Therefore, it is important to find the optimal mix between network

robustness, throughput, and latency.
In general, a setting of 2 to 3 works well for most well designed networks.

The Master Packet Repeat parameter may be set to 0 if the user software is
capable of, or requires acknowledgment.
In this case, if the Master sends a packet that the Slave radio does not receive,
the user software controls the retries as needed.

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3.7.6. Master Packet Repeat in MultiPoint Networks with Repeaters

The Master Packet Repeat parameter must be set in MultiPoint Repeaters because a Repeater
appears as a Master to a Slave radio.
Therefore, the Repeater sends the packet out the number of times corresponding to its own
Master Packet Repeat parameter setting. If this parameter is set improperly the reliability of the
overall network may be diminished.

Example: If a Master's Master Packet Repeat parameter setting is 3, the link between the Master
and Repeater should be robust.
If the Repeater's Master Packet Repeat parameter setting is 0, this could cause marginal links
between the Repeater and the Slaves.
The Slaves communicating through this Repeater only receive the initial packet from the Master with
no repeats.
Therefore, if the packet is not received on the first try, the Slave radio does not respond as expected.

Note: The Master Packet Repeat parameter setting in any MultiPoint Repeater must be less than
or equal to the Master's setting.

3.7.7. Max Slave Retry

Max Slave Retry
Setting Description
Default Setting: 9
Options: Any number between 1 and 9.
Terminal Menu: (5) Edit MultiPoint Parameters > (2) Max Slave Retry
Description: l Defines how many times the Slave radio attempts to retransmit a packet to the
Master before beginning to use a back-off algorithm as defined by the Retry
Odds on page 78 setting.
l The Slave radio retries stop when the Slave receives an acknowledgment from
the Master.

3.7.8. Radio ID
Radio ID
Setting Description
Default Setting: Blank
Options: Any 4 digit, user-defined number.
Terminal Menu: (5) Edit MultiPoint Parameters > (D) Radio ID
Description: Use this option to designate a radio with an arbitrary, user-defined, 4-digit number
that identifies the radio in Diagnostics mode.

Page 76 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

3.7.9. Radio Name

Radio Name
Setting Description
Default Setting: Blank
Options: A maximum of 20 characters in any combination of letters or numbers.
Terminal Menu: (5) Edit MultiPoint Parameters > (G) Radio Name
Description: Use this parameter to give a radio a name, such as its location.

Naming radios can be helpful to identify a radio when in

Diagnostics mode.

3.7.10. Repeaters
Note: This parameter needs to be set in the MultiPoint Master only.
The setting has no effect if set in a MultiPoint Slave.

Repeaters
Setting Description
Default Setting: (1) Enabled
Options: l 0 - Disabled
l 1 - Enabled
Terminal Menu: (5) Edit MultiPoint Parameters > (0) Number Repeaters
Description: Indicates if any number of Repeaters exist in the network.

3.7.11. Repeater Frequency

Repeater Frequency
Setting Description
Default Setting: (0) Disabled
Options: (0) Disabled
(1) Enabled
Terminal Menu: (5) Edit MultiPoint Parameters > (5) Repeater Frequency

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 77 of 136

Repeater Frequency
Setting Description
Description: Enable this parameter when a Frequency Key is needed other than that of the
Master.
l This condition occurs when parallel Repeaters in a network may have
overlapping areas of responsibility.
l The default setting of 0 (Disabled) causes the Repeater to use the key set in
the Frequency Key parameter on the Tool Suite Transmission
Characteristics tab.

Note: When the Repeater Frequency parameter is disabled and Subnets

are NOT configured, the Frequency Key parameter setting in each Slave
radio MUST match the Master or Repeater acting as the Master for the
radio.

3.7.12. Retry Odds

Retry Odds
Setting Description
Default Setting: 0
Options: Any number between 0 and 9.
Terminal Menu: (5) Edit MultiPoint Parameters > (3) Retry Odds

Page 78 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

Retry Odds
Setting Description
Description: While packets transmitted from the Master to the Slave radios in a MultiPoint
network are not acknowledged, packets transmitted from Slaves to the Master are
acknowledged.
It is possible that more than one Slave attempts to transmit to the Master at the
same time. Therefore, it is important that a protocol exists to resolve contention
for the Master between Slaves in the network.
This is addressed through the Max Slave Retry (on page 76) and Retry Odds
parameters.
l After the Slave has unsuccessfully attempted to transmit the packet the
number of times specified in the Max Slave Retry parameter, it attempts to
transmit to the Master on a random basis.
l The Retry Odds parameter determines the probability that the Slave attempts
to retransmit the packet to the Master; a low setting assigns low odds to the
Slave attempting to transmit.
l Conversely, a high setting assigns higher odds.

Example: Consider two different Slave radios in a MultiPoint network,

one with a strong RF link and the other with a weak RF link to the
Master.
If a Slave has a weak or poor link, set the Retry Odds parameter to 0
as it may become a chatty Slave and lockup the network, causing a
loss of communication.

l When the Retry Odds parameter is set to 0, after the Slave has exhausted the
number of retries set in the Max Slave Retry parameter and still not gained the
Master’s attention, the Slave’s data buffer is purged.

FREEWAVE Recommends: A Retry Odds parameter set to 0 is

recommended for most networks.

3.7.13. Slave / Repeater

Slave / Repeater
Setting Description
Default Setting: (0) Disabled
Options: (0) Disabled
(1) Enabled
Terminal Menu: (5) MultiPoint Parameters > (A) Slave/Repeater

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 79 of 136

Slave / Repeater
Setting Description
Description: The Slave/Repeater mode allows a radio in a MultiPoint network to switch
between Slave and Repeater functions.
l When in this mode, a radio repeats any packets sent across the network as
well as uses the data port.
l Thus, where one Repeater and one Slave may be required in another vendor’s
network, FreeWave networks require only one radio.
To operate a radio as a MultiPoint Slave/Repeater, these parameters must be set:
l The Modem Mode parameter in the Operation Mode tab must be set to
MultiPoint Repeater.
l The Slave/Repeater parameter in the MultiPoint Parameters tab must be
enabled.

3.8. Conserving Power

Power consumption can be essential, especially for remote sites that are difficult to access. Use
these options on the Transmission Characteristics tab to conserve power.
These settings are available in the Radio Transmission Characteristics menu in the terminal
interface.
l Low Power Mode - Available in MultiPoint Slaves.
l Conserves power primarily by dimming the radio's LEDs.

Note: For more information, see Low Power Mode (on page 80).

l Remote LEDs - If the radio has the optional 20-in connector, use this option to connect
remote LEDs through the diagnostics port.

This feature may be used to save power in MultiPoint Repeaters where the other
options are not available.

Note: For more information, see Remote LED (on page 52).

3.8.1. Low Power Mode

Important!: This setting applies only to MultiPoint Slave radios.
Low Power Mode does not work with MultiPoint Repeaters because they are constantly
transmitting.

Page 80 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

Low Power Mode

Setting Description
Default Setting: 0
Options: l Any number between 0 and 31.
l The higher the number, the greater the power consumption decrease.
Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics > (9) Low Power Mode
Description: Allows a MultiPoint Slave radio to consume less power, primarily by dimming the
radio's LEDs.
When set to 2 through 31, the radio sleeps between slots.

Example: Using a setting of 2 the radio sleeps 1 out of 2 slots.

Using a setting of 3 the radio sleeps 2 out of 3 slots, etc.

When the radio is asleep, it hears nothing from the Master.

This table shows the changes at different Low Power Mode settings.
l The actual current draw depends on many factors.
l The table gives only a qualitative indication of supply current savings.
l A low number reduces latency and a high number reduces current
consumption.

Setting Description
0 Low power, disabled.
1 l LEDs dimmed, radio remains awake.
l Radio is listening to the Master’s
transmissions on every slot.
l Radio’s data port is shut down if the
RTS line is de-asserted (low).
l In this case, the radio needs to be
awakened before it is able to send data
to the Master.
2 LEDs dimmed, radio sleeps every other
slot.
3 LEDs dimmed, radio sleeps 2 of 3 slots.
4-31 LEDs dimmed, radio sleeps the number of
slots corresponding to the setting.

Example: With a setting of 31 the

radio sleeps 30 of 31 slots.

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Low Power Mode

Setting Description
Notes
l Power savings occur only when the Slave radio is linked.
l No power savings occur when the Slave radio is transmitting data.
l Low Power Mode is of little value when a Slave has a constant, high
throughput.
l The MCU Speed parameter MUST be set to 0 and the RF Data Rate
parameter MUST be set to 3 for Low Power Mode to operate properly.
l To communicate to an RS-232 port of a radio that is in Low Power Mode, the
RTS line MUST be held high to wake it up.
l The radio wakes up within approximately 20 milliseconds of when RTS
goes high.
l If the Request to Send (RTS) line on the Slave radio is held high, the radio
remains in normal operation regardless of the Low Power Mode setting.
l After RTS is dropped the radio reverts to the Low Power Mode.
l If the radio has the DTR Connect (on page 73) parameter in the MultiPoint
Parameters tab set to 1 or 2 and if the Low Power Mode is enabled (set to 1
to 31), the RTS line on the radio MUST be asserted for the DTR Connect
feature to operate properly.
l The diagnostic pins MUST be disabled or terminated to a cable for the sleep
current in Lower Power Mode to match the specifications.
l To disable the diagnostic pins, set these options:
l In the Baud Rate tab, the Setup Port (on page 36) parameter is set to 1
(Main Only).
l In the MultiPoint Parameters tab, the Diagnostics (on page 73)
parameter is set to 0 (Off).

3.9. Reading Diagnostics in Tool Suite

The Network Diagnostics application provides a place to view diagnostic data for all the devices
connected to the Master in the network in real time.

Important!: The Network Diagnostics application is NOT meant to replicate the functionality of a
Network Management System.
It is a tool intended for occasional network monitoring or troubleshooting in the field, not for
continuous, long-term collection of diagnostic data.

This section provides basic steps for reading diagnostics using Tool Suite. Tool Suite stores the
diagnostic data in the database for import from or export to a diagnostic file.
For information regarding the data available, recommended best practices, and importing and
exporting files using the Network Diagnostics application, see the Tool Suite User Manual
available in the Tool Suite software.

Page 82 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

To help identify the radios in the network when running Network Diagnostics, set the Radio
Name and Radio ID fields on the MultiPoint Parameters tab.

The diagnostic program must be run from the Master radio. Diagnostics require:
l A setting between 1 and 128 in the Diagnostics parameter available in the MultiPoint
Parameters menu on the Master.
l A second computer or serial connection to run the diagnostics software.
l A diagnostics cable. (Available from FreeWave.)
l Diagnostics software. (Available from www.freewave.com).

Note: For more information about diagnostics, contact FreeWave Technical Support.
See Contact FreeWave Technical Support (on page 9).

Procedure
1. Connect the Master to the computer running Tool Suite.
2. Open Tool Suite.
3. On the Applications tab, click Network Diagnostics.
4. In the Networks section of the ribbon, use the list box to select the serial network to run
diagnostics on.
If there is no network defined, click Add and follow the instructions in the wizard.
5. On the ribbon, click Start.
6. To stop running diagnostics, click Stop.

Note: The Network Diagnostics application continues to poll for diagnostic data until it is stopped.

Important!: Tool Suite is NOT optimized for the collection and management of large amounts of
diagnostic data from continuous polling.
Collection of excessive amounts of data results in overall performance degradation in Tool Suite and
network throughput degradation.

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4. Configuring
Point-to-Point Networks

Point-to-Point networks are the most basic type of network and do not require much more than
the setup described in the basic programming and setup section.
This section provides:
l A brief quick start to setup a Point-to-Point network.
l An LED chart for LED function within a Point-to-Point network.
l Information about programming the Call Book.

4.1. Point-to-Point Network Quick Start

To establish a link between a pair of FreeWave radios just received from the factory, complete
these steps for each radio.
4.1.1. Point-to-Point Network Quick Start (Tool Suite)
1. Connect the radio to the serial port of a computer either through a serial cable or via the
diagnostics cable.
2. Connect the radio to a power source.

Note: Power supply ranges and recommendations vary depending on model.

Verify the specifications for the model you are using prior to connecting power.

3. Open a Tool Suite session.

4. Click the Configuration application.
5. Verify the correct port is selected in the Com Port field in the Configuration ribbon.
6. On the Configuration ribbon, in the Networks section, select the network the radio
resides in or click Add Network to create a new network in Tool Suite.

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7. Click Read Radio on the Configuration ribbon to read the radio's current settings.
l If using a diagnostics cable to connect to the radio, the radio automatically goes into

Setup mode.
l If using a data cable to connect to the radio, a prompt appears to press the radio's

Setup button to enter Setup mode.

l When in Setup mode, all three LEDs on the radio display solid green .
8. Click the Operation Mode tab.
9. In the Modem Mode field, select to set the radio to Point-to-Point mode.

Example: Set one radio as a Point-to-Point Master (Mode 0) and the other as a Point-to-Point
Slave (Mode 1).

Note: A Point-to-Point network can have only one Master.

For more information about modem modes, see Setting the Radio's Role in the Network and
the Network Type (on page 30).

10. Click the Baud Rate tab.

11. Change the Baud Rate, Data Parity, and Modbus RTU to match the device that the radio
is to be attached to.
12. Click the Transmission Characteristics tab.
13. Set these parameters so they are identical on all radios in the network:
l Frequency Key

l Max Packet Size

l Min Packet Size

l RF Data Rate

If several independent networks are located in close proximity, it becomes very

important to include as much frequency and time diversity as possible through use of
different Frequency Key, Min and Max Packet Size, and Hop Table parameter
settings.
14. Click the Call Book tab.
15. Enter the Slave serial number in the Master’s Call Book.
16. Enter the Master’s Serial number in the Slave’s Call Book, or disable the Slave Security
parameter in the Slave.

Note: For more information about setting up the Call Book see Using the Call Book in Point-
to-Point Networks (on page 89).

Shortly after both radios are plugged in, they should establish a link with each other and the
connection is complete.
17. Using the Point-to-Point Operation LEDs (on page 88), verify that the radios are operating
as expected.
18. On the Configuration application in the Network Title ribbon:

Page 85 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

l Click All to send all the settings for all parameters.

l Click Quick to send only the changed parameters.

Note: Quick is only available if Read Radio is selected and parameter settings are
NOT sent from a template to the radio.

4.1.2. Point-to-Point Network Quick Start (Terminal Interface)

1. Connect the radio to the serial port of a computer either through a serial cable or via the
diagnostics cable.
2. Connect the radio to a power source.

Note: Power supply ranges and recommendations vary depending on model.

Verify the specifications for the model you are using prior to connecting power.

3. Open a terminal emulator session.

Note: Use the Setup Terminal application in Tool Suite if a terminal emulator is unavailable.

4. Connect to COMx (where 'x' is the number of the COM port being connected).
5. Set these parameters to:
l Data Rate - 19,200

l Data Bits - 8

l Parity - none

l Stop bits - 1

l Flow Control - none

6. Press the Setup button on the radio.

If using the diagnostics cable, press <Shift+U>.
l When in Setup mode, all three LEDs on the radio display solid green .
l The Main Menu appears in the window.

7. Type 0 and (missing or bad snippet) to access the Operation Mode menu.
8. Type 0 and (missing or bad snippet) to set the radio as a Point-to-Point Masteror
Type 1 and (missing or bad snippet) to set the radio as Point-to-Point Slave.

Note: For more information about modem modes, see Setting the Radio's Role in the
Network and the Network Type (on page 30).

9. Press <Esc> to return to the Main menu.

10. On the Main Menu, type 1 and (missing or bad snippet).
11. Change the Baud Rate, Data Parity, and Modbus RTU to match the device that the radio
is to be attached to.
12. Press <Esc> to return to the Main menu.
13. On the Main Menu, type 2 and (missing or bad snippet) to update the Call Book.
14. Enter the Slave serial number in the Master’s Call Book.

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 86 of 136

15. Enter the Master’s Serial number in the Slave’s Call Book or
disable the Slave Security (on page 56) parameter in the Slave.

Note: For more information about setting up the Call Book see Using the Call Book in Point-
to-Point Networks (on page 89).

16. On the Main Menu, type 3 and (missing or bad snippet).

17.
18. Press <3> on the Main menu.
19. Set these parameters so they are identical on all radios in the network:
l Frequency Key

l Max Packet Size

l Min Packet Size

l RF Data Rate

Note: The Frequency Key option is located in the F submenu after you press <0> to access
the Frequency Key menu on Main menu <3>.

20. Press <Esc> to return to the Main menu.

Shortly after both radios are plugged in, they should establish a link with each other and the
connection is complete.
21. Using the Point-to-Point Operation LEDs (on page 88), verify that the radios are operating
as expected.
22. Press <Esc> to exit the Setup menu and resume normal radio operation.

Page 87 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

4.2. Point-to-Point Operation LEDs

Master Slave Repeater
Carrier Clear to Carrier Clear to Carrier Clear to
Transmit Transmit Transmit
Condition Detect Send Detect Send Detect Send
(Tx) (Tx) (Tx)
(CD) (CTS) (CD) (CTS) (CD) (CTS)
Powered, no link Solid red Solid red Solid red Solid red Off Blinking Solid red Off Blinking
bright bright bright bright red bright red

Linked. Solid Intermittent flash red Intermittent Solid Intermittent Intermittent N/A N/A N/A
No Repeater green flash red green flash red flash red
Sending sparse data
Master calling Solid red Solid red Solid red Solid red Off Blinking Solid red Off Blinking
Slave through Repeater bright dim bright bright red bright red

Master linked to Repeater, Flashing orange Solid red Solid red Solid red Off Blinking Solid Solid red Solid red
not to Slave dim bright bright red Red dim bright
bright

Repeater linked to Slave Solid Intermittent Intermittent Solid Intermittent Intermittent Solid Intermittent Intermittent
green flash red flash red green flash red flash red green flash red flash red
Mode 6 Solid red Off Blinking Solid red Off Blinking N/A N/A N/A
Waiting for ATD command bright red bright red

Setup Mode Solid Solid Solid Solid Solid Solid Solid Solid Solid
green green green green green green green green green

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 88 of 136

4.3. Using the Call Book in Point-to-Point Networks

Using the Call Book offers both security and flexibility in determining how FreeWave radios
communicate with each other.

Important!: The Call Book is required in Point-to-Point networks.

FREEWAVE Recommends: While the Call Book is an option in Point-to-MultiPoint networks,

l The Call Book allows a maximum of 10 FreeWave radios.

l Designate 1 to 4 Repeaters to use with each radio.

l Designate which Slave the Master calls.

These settings are required for two FreeWave radios to communicate in Point-to-Point mode:
1. The Master radio serial number must be listed in the Slave radio's Call Book or Slave
Security is turned off in the Slave.
2. The Slave serial number must be listed in the Master Call Book .
3. The Master must be programmed to call the Slave (Entry to Call option).
a. Select the number in the Entry to Call field, select All to direct the Master to call all
Slave radios.

Note: To set the Entry to Call option in the terminal interface, press <C> at the Call Book
menu, followed by the menu number corresponding to that Slave.
To call any available Slave in the list, press <C> then press <A> to direct the Master to Call
All.

It is important that the Call Book slots (0-9) are filled sequentially starting with slot 0.
l When a Master is instructed to Call All, it calls all Slave radios listed until it reaches the first
serial number of 000-0000 (or a blank slot).
l If a serial number is entered after the all zero number or as a Repeater, the Master does not
recognize it as a valid number.

Note: When entering numbers into the Call Book, define only the Repeaters in the Master's Call
Book.
The Slave's Call Book only requires the Master serial number.
A Repeater need not have anything listed in its Call Book.

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4.3.1. Setting the Call Book in Tool Suite

1. In the Tool Suite Configuration application, select the device to program.
2. Click the (2) Call Book tab.
3. In the Number column in Row 0, enter the seven-digit serial number of the radio being
called.
4. In the Repeater 1 column, enter the first Repeater's seven-digit number.
If no Repeaters are being used, leave the column empty.
5. In the Repeater 2 column, enter the second Repeater’s 7-digit number.
If only one Repeater is being used, leave the column empty.
6. If Repeaters are being used, select the appropriate Entry to Call option in the Master Call
Book.
7. To apply the changes, click either the Quick or All icon.
Tool Suite applies the changes to the radio.

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 90 of 136

4.3.2. Setting the Call Book in the Terminal Interface

1. On the Setup menu, click C(2) Edit all Book.
The Modem Call Book window opens.

Figure 23: Modem Call Book window

2. Enter the number or letter associated with the option to select.

3. In the Enter New Number prompt, enter the seven-digit serial number of the radio being
called.
The system prompts for the first Repeater's serial number.
4. If no Repeaters are being used, press <Esc> and continue.
Otherwise, enter the 7-digit serial number of the Repeater.
The system prompts for the second Repeater's serial number.
5. Enter the 7-digit serial number of the second Repeater.
If only one Repeater is being used, press <Esc>.
The system refreshes the radio’s Call Book menu with the new changes.
6. Repeat steps 2 to 5 for additional radios in the network.
7. Press <Esc> to return to the Main menu.

Page 91 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

4.3.3. Programming Point-To-Point Extended Call Book to Use Three or

Four Repeaters
In a Point-to-Point configuration, FreeWave radios can use a maximum of four Repeaters.
1. To use three or four Repeaters, program the Call Book with the Slave serial number,
followed by the first two Repeaters.
2. On the next line enter 999-9999 as the radio to call.
3. When prompted for the Repeaters enter the third and fourth Repeaters in the link.
Figure 24 shows a Point-to-Point link where a Slave is called through four Repeaters. In this
example:
l the Master is calling the Slave, 571-3872, through Repeater 1, 901-1234,
l then Repeater 2,910-0234,

l then Repeater 3, 571-3456, and finally

l Repeater 4, 571-4567.

l Entering the serial number 999-9999 in line 1 instructs the Master to continue calling
through the Repeaters programmed on that line.

Figure 24: Point-to-Point link where a Slave is called through four Repeaters

l To call a Slave radio through one or more Repeaters, that Slave must be called individually.
l With Call All selected, the Master will not connect with any Slave radios through
Repeaters.
l The Master calls every Slave in the list and connects with the first Slave that responds.
l When calling through a Repeater, the Master must first call that Repeater and establish a
communications link with it prior to making contact with the Slave.

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5. Advanced Programming

The settings and scenarios covered in this section are considered advanced programming.
l Working with Parallel Repeaters (on page 94)
l Setting and Changing Radio Passwords (on page 96)
l Enable and Set Up AES Encryption (on page 97)
l Encryption Channel Key (on page 98)

l Encryption Key (on page 98)

l Encryption (Strength) (on page 100)

l Troubleshooting AES Setup (on page 100)

l Low Baud Rates (on page 101)

l Multi-Master Sync (on page 101)
l Time Divisible Multiple Access (TDMA) (on page 101)

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5.1. Working with Parallel Repeaters

When Repeaters are added to a network, plan accordingly to avoid creating a parallel Repeater
scenario. A parallel Repeater is defined as two or more Repeaters linked to the same point in the
network.
l Repeaters Data Transmitted on the Same Frequency Key (on page 94)
l Adding a Repeater to the Network (on page 95)

5.1.1. Repeaters Data Transmitted on the Same Frequency Key

In this diagram, the Slave radio in the middle has overlapping coverage from both the Repeaters
(parallel Repeaters). Data from the Repeaters is transmitted on the same Frequency Key in the
same time slot, which creates message collisions.

Figure 25: Slave Radio with Overlapping Coverage

To resolve this scenario, change these settings on one or more of the Repeaters in conflict:

Settings to Change on Repeaters in Conflict

Setting Description
Repeater l Set the Repeater Frequency parameter in the MultiPoint Parameters tab to
Frequency any number other than 0.
l If set to a number other than 0, the radio uses the frequency key set in the
Frequency Key parameter in the Transmission Characteristics tab, instead
of the frequency key assigned to the Master.
Frequency Key Set the Frequency Key parameter in the Transmission Characteristics tab to a
key other than that of the conflicting Repeater.

Page 94 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

5.1.2. Adding a Repeater to the Network

Figure 26: Repeater Added to Network

If a Repeater needs to be added to the network, use these steps to ensure any parallel Repeater
issues are resolved before deploying the Repeater in the network.
1. In Tool Suite, run a network diagnostics file.

Gather the settings from all the Repeaters that are currently in the network.

2. Review the network diagnostics file.

Pay special attention to these settings on each Repeater and the Master:
l Frequency Key

l Repeater Frequency

l Rx and Tx Subnet IDs

3. On a piece of paper, draw the network.

4. Note the above settings for each Repeater.
Verify there are no duplicates.
5. If there are duplicates, change the Repeater Frequency and the Frequency Key
parameters described in the table.
6. If the Repeater being adding is the only Repeater in the network, set the:
a. Frequency Key parameter to match the Master.
b. Rx Subnet ID parameter to match the Master's Tx Subnet ID parameter setting
c. Tx Subnet ID parameter to 1.
d. In the Master, set the Repeaters parameter to Enabled.

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5.2. Setting and Changing Radio Passwords

Use passwords to prevent access to or changing of any of the radio’s parameters. This option is
useful to prevent unauthorized personnel from gaining access to the radio settings.

Note: If the Setup Port option on the Baud Rate tab is set to (1) Main Only or (3) Both, the
password is only accepted if the option is accessed from the main data port.
To use the Password function using the diagnostics port, the Setup Port option must be set to (2)
Diagnostics Only.

Warning! If the password feature is enabled and the password is forgotten, the radio MUST be
returned to FreeWave to have the password disabled.

5.2.1. Setting the Password

1. On the Setup menu in the terminal interface, select (8) Chg Password.
New PW? (<esc> to exit) appears.

Note: Press <Esc> to cancel the process at any time.

2. Enter exactly four characters.

Passwords are case sensitive.
<Enter> to accept,<esc> to quit appears.
3. Press <Enter> to accept the password and enable the feature.
Press <Esc> to quit the process and not enable the password.

Important!: Press <Enter> and the password appears on the line above.
The password is case sensitive and every keystroke is a character.

5.2.2. Changing a Password

After the password feature has been enabled, it is possible to change to a new password.
1. On the Setup menu in the terminal interface, select (8) Chg Password.
The Enter Security Code prompt appears.
2. Enter the current four character, case-sensitive password.
The prompt to enter the new password appears.
3. Re-enter the new four character, case-sensitive password.

Note: Press <Esc> to cancel the process at any time.

4. Press <Enter> to accept the password and enable the feature.

Press <Esc> to quit the process and not enable the password.

Important!: Press <Enter> and the password appears on the line above.
The password is case sensitive and every keystroke is a character.

Page 96 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

5.2.3. Disable a Password

After the password features has been enabled, it is possible to disable the password if the
current password is known.

Important!: The password can only be disabled using the prompt when reading the radio in Tool
Suite or through a terminal emulator.
The password CANNOT be disabled using Setup Terminal application in Tool Suite.

1. On the Setup menu in the terminal interface, select (8) Chg Password.
2. Hold down the <Alt> key and type 0255 using the number pad on the keyboard.
3. Release the <Alt> key.
4. Repeat this step three more times (hold <Alt> and type 0255 a total of 4 times).

Important!: Type the 0255 using the NUM Pad on the keyboard, NOT the top row of
numerals.

5. After the fourth entry, the password is disabled.

5.3. Enable and Set Up AES Encryption

Protecting the confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of data communications is essential to
maintaining a robust, reliable, and secure wireless infrastructure. FreeWave has incorporated a
number of mechanisms to achieve these critical security objectives, including the use of AES
encryption. When available and enabled, AES encryption adds a layer of 128-bit, 192-bit, or 256-
bit encryption strength to the data before it is sent over the RF link.

Note: AES encryption is available as an option set at the factory in firmware v10.6.6 and later in
some FGR2 models.

When using AES encryption, these settings are required:

l Encryption Channel Key (on page 98).
l Encryption Key (on page 98).
l Encryption (Strength) (on page 100).

Important!: These settings are ONLY available in the (3) Edit Radio Transmission
Characteristics > (E) Encryption menu in the terminal interface.
These settings are NOT available in Tool Suite.

Note: For information about accessing the Setup menu using the terminal interface, see Access the
Setup Menu Using a Terminal Emulator (on page 23).

Important!: When AES is enabled, every radio in the network must have matching encryption
strengths, encryption keys, and encryption channel keys, and the MCU Speed parameter set to 3 for
successful communication and data transmission.

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5.3.1. Encryption Channel Key

Note: AES encryption settings are available only through the Setup menu in the terminal interface. If
the radio does not have Encryption enabled, menu option E in the (3) Edit Radio Transmission
Characteristics menu is blank and has no function.

Important!: This setting MUST match across all radios in the network.

Encryption Channel Key

Setting Description
Default Setting: Blank
Options: Any set of hexadecimal pairs identified in Description.
Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics > (E) Encryption >
(6) Channel Key
Description: The channel key is required when AES encryption is enabled for radios in the
network to link when AES encryption is enabled.
This setting is different from the Encryption Key parameter because it does not
encrypt the actual data but is required with the other Golden Settings, described in
a network, for the communication to take place.
Channel keys should be random and entered as hexadecimal values (e.g., 0 to F
in two-character pairs). Any combination of characters can be used for the key.

Example: A combination of numbers, or a sentence or phrase converted

into hexadecimal format.
Various string-to-hexadecimal converters are available on the Internet.

Enter the encryption key in 2-character hexadecimal combinations in lines 00 to

07 in the lines provided.

5.3.2. Encryption Key

Note: AES encryption settings are available only through the Setup menu in the terminal interface.
If the radio does not have Encryption enabled, menu option E in the (3) Edit Radio
Transmission Characteristics menu is blank and has no function.

Important!: This setting MUST match across all radios in the network.

Page 98 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

Encryption Key
Setting Description
Default Setting: Blank
Options: Any set of hexadecimal pairs identified in Description.
Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics > (E) Encryption >
(5) Enter Key
Description: The encryption key is the piece of information used to encrypt and un-encrypt the
data sent through the network. Even with encryption, the data is only as secure as
the strength of the encryption key used.
Keys should be random and entered as hexadecimal values (i.e., 0 to F in two-
character pairs). Any combination of characters can be used for the key.

Example: A combination of numbers, or a sentence or phrase converted

into hexadecimal format.
Various string-to-hexadecimal converters are available on the Internet.

Enter the encryption key in 2-character hexadecimal combinations in the lines

provided:

The Enter Key option always asks for all 32 lines of the encryption key. However,
the encryption strength you select determines how many of the lines are required:
l 128-bit encryption - Enter key information in rows 00 to 0F.
l The last 16 lines (10 to 1F) are ignored.
l 192-bit encryption - Enter key information in rows 00 to 17.
l The last 8 entries (18 to 1F) are ignored.
l 256-bit encryption - Enter key information in rows 00 to 1F.
l All lines are used.

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 99 of 136

5.3.3. Encryption (Strength)

Note: AES encryption settings are available only through the Setup menu in the terminal interface. If
the radio does not have Encryption enabled, menu option E in the (3) Edit Radio
Transmission Characteristics menu is blank and has no function.

Important!: This setting MUST match across all radios in the network.

Encryption (Strength)
Setting Description
Default Setting: (0) Off
Options: l (0) Off - Turns off AES encryption.
l (2) AES 128 - Enables AES encryption, 128-bit strength.
l (3) AES 192 - Enables AES encryption, 192-bit strength.
l (4) AES 256 - Enables AES encryption, 256-bit strength.
The options available for selection are based on the encryption strength set at the
factory, or within the upgrade to use AES completed with FreeWave technical
support's assistance.

Example: If the radio is factory set to include AES 256, then each strength
option is available.
However, if the radio is factory set to include AES 192, then only Off, AES
128, and AES 192 are available.

Note: Selecting any option other than 0 enables AES encryption.

The encryption key and the channel key are required for successful
communication.

Terminal Menu: (3) Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics > (E) Encryption
Description: AES encryption is available in various strengths.
l The network and the data being sent determine the encryption strength used.
l The higher the encryption strength, the stronger the encryption although it can
also take longer for the encryption and un-encryption to take place.

5.3.4. Troubleshooting AES Setup

The radios link, transmit data, and then unlink.
l Verify that the MCU Speed parameter is set to 3 in the terminal interface.

The radios link, transmit data, but the data is in unrecognizable characters.
l Verify that the Encryption Key on each radio is set exactly the same. If the keys do not
match, the radios can still transmit data, but cannot decrypt the data.

Page 100 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

The radios do not link and the golden settings are all set the same.
l Verify that the Channel Key in the Encryption menu is set the same across the radios in the
network. If the keys do not match, the radios will not link when AES is enabled, even if the
golden settings match.

5.4. Low Baud Rates

The radio's Baud Rate may be set to 300, 600, or 900.

Note: For more information about using a low baud rate, Contact FreeWave Technical Support (on
page 9).

5.5. Multi-Master Sync

The Multi-Master Sync setting is reserved for applications in both Point-to-Point and MultiPoint
modes with concentrations of Master units where it is necessary to reduce interference between
the Master radios.
l For more information about using Multi-Master Sync in non-TDMA mode, see
Application Note #5412, Synchronizing Collocated Masters.

Note: For more information about using Multi-Master Sync while in TDMA mode, contact FreeWave
Technical Support.
See Contact FreeWave Technical Support (on page 9).

5.6. Time Divisible Multiple Access (TDMA)

l Available as an optional, add-on feature, the FreeWave Time Division Multiple Access
(TDMA) protocol is an enhanced and sophisticated version of Point-to-MultiPoint
communications.
l The TDMA protocol provides timing and other parameters, which in turn allow large radio
networks to work in a non-polled environment.

Important!: This option is only used for peer-to-peer communications or when applications are very
time specific. If you purchase TDMA as an option, additional information is provided to you about
implementing and using the feature.

Note: For additional information about TDMA, contact FreeWave Technical Support.
See Contact FreeWave Technical Support (on page 9).

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 101 of 136

6. Viewing Radio Statistics

When reading a radio, the system shows data transmission statistics the radio has gathered
during the most recent session. This information is valuable to know the signal strength and noise
levels of the link. Statistics are gathered during each time the Master and Slave link and are reset
when the next link begins.
More data transmission characteristics are available, including averages gathered over time, in
the Network Diagnostics application.

Note: For information about running network diagnostics see the Tool Suite User Manual.

l View Statistics in Tool Suite (on page 103)

l View the Radio Transmission Characteristics in the Terminal Interface (on page 103)
l Antenna Reflected Power (on page 103)

l Master-Slave Distance (on page 103)

l Noise Level (on page 104)

l Number of Disconnects (on page 104)

l Radio Temperature (on page 104)

l Rate % (Receive Percentage Rate) (on page 104)

l Signal Level (on page 105)

l Transmit Current (on page 105)

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 102 of 136

6.1. View Statistics in Tool Suite

View the same statistics using the Setup Terminal option in Tool Suite.

1. In Tool Suite, click Configuration > Read Radio.

2. Click the Device Information tab.

6.2. View the Radio Transmission Characteristics in the

Terminal Interface
On the Setup main menu, click (4) Show Radio Statistics.

6.2.1. Antenna Reflected Power

This is a measurement of the transmitted power that is reflected back into the radio from
mismatched antennas or cables, or loose connections between the radio and antenna.
A reading of:
l 0 to 5 is good.
l 5 to 20 is marginal.
l 20 or higher indicates that the connections should be inspected for loose connections and
cable quality.
l 30 or higher indicates a definite problem in the system.
The most likely reason for a higher Antenna Reflected Power reading is a cable issue between
the radio and the antenna: loose connections, cable kinks, breaks in cable shielding, moisture in
the fittings or connections, etc.
Less commonly, a high Antenna Reflected Power reading can indicate a hardware problem
with the radio itself, such as a damaged RF connector. Lastly, a high reading may indicate a
problem with the antenna itself, although antenna problems are the least likely indicator.

6.2.2. Master-Slave Distance

The physical distance between the Slave radio and the Master radio in the network.

Note: This distance is most accurate at a distance greater than 2.5 miles (4.0234 km).

Page 103 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

6.2.3. Noise Level

The Noise Level indicates the level of background noise and interference at this radio and at
each of the Repeaters in the link. The number is an average of the noise levels measured at each
frequency in the radio’s frequency hop table.

The individual measurement values at each frequency hop channel are shown in the 900MHz
Frequency Zones Table (on page 46).
If viewing statistics in the terminal interface, press <Enter> when the Radio Statistics menu
appears.

l Ideally, the difference between the average signal level and average noise level should be
15 or more.
l Margins that are significantly higher than this are an indication of a high level of interference
that may degrade the performance of the link.

6.2.4. Number of Disconnects

The value in this statistic indicates the total number of times the link between the Master and the
Slave has been lost and the radios lose Carrier Detect from the time the radio is powered on until
the radio is put into Setup mode.
l Under ideal operating conditions, the number of disconnects should be 0.
l One or more disconnects may indicate a weak link, the presence of severe interference
problems, or loss of power to any of the radios in the link.

Note: In Tool Suite, the disconnect information is available in the Summary View under Network
Diagnostics.

6.2.5. Radio Temperature

The Radio Temperature value is the current operating temperature of the radio in degrees
Celsius.

FREEWAVE Recommends: For proper operation, a FreeWave radio must be in the temperature
range of -40° to +75° C.

6.2.6. Rate % (Receive Percentage Rate)

The Rate % measures the percentage of data packets that were successfully transmitted from the
Master and received by the upstream radio on the first attempt. The rate percentage represents
only what the upstream radio received.
l A number of 75 or higher indicates a robust link that provides very good performance even
at high data transmission rates.
l A number of 15 or lower indicates a weak or marginal link that provides lower data
throughput.
l Throughput is reduced by 50 percent if the network contains a Repeater.

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 104 of 136

Note: Many settings can impact actual throughput, including Master Packet Repeat and Max Slave
Retry.
If the link is asymmetrical, the percentage reported in this statistic can be very high, and the uplink
can still be poor.

6.2.7. Signal Level

The Signal Level indicates the level of received signal at the radio and at each of the Repeaters
in the link.
l The source of the signal is the radio that transmits to the radio reading this statistic.
l The number is an average of the received signal levels measured at each frequency in the
radio's frequency hop table.
l For a reliable link, the margin should be at least 15 dB.
l Low average signal levels can often be corrected with higher gain antennas, better antenna
placement and/or additional Repeaters.

6.2.8. Transmit Current

The Transmit Current measures the current draw of the transmitter in milliamps (mA). See the
radio specifications for typical values.

Page 105 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

7. Approved Antennas

7.1. 900MHz Directional Antennas

900MHz Directional Antennas
Gain
Manufacturer Manufacturer Model Number FreeWave Model Number
(dBi)
6 Larsen YA6-900 EAN0906YA
6 Bluewave BMY890G5502N4 EAN0906YC
10 Bluewave BMY890K5502N4 EAN0900YC
11 Larsen YA5900-W EAN0900YA

7.2. 900MHz Omni-directional Antennas

900MHz Omni-directional Antennas
Gain
Manufacturer Manufacturer Model Number FreeWave Model Number
(dBi)
0 Mobile Mark PSTG0-915FW EAN0900RQ
0 Mobile Mark PSTN3-915N EAN0900NH
0 Mobile Mark PSTG0-915SE EAN0900SQ
0 Mobile Mark PSTN3-915S EAN0900SH
0 JEMA JA900SS EAN0900WR
3 Maxrad MAX-9053 EAN0900WC
5 Antennex EB8965C EAN0905WC

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 106 of 136

900MHz Omni-directional Antennas

Gain
Manufacturer Manufacturer Model Number FreeWave Model Number
(dBi)
5 Maxrad BMEFC8985HD EAN0905WC
6 Antennex FG9026 EAN0906NF

Page 107 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

8. FGR2 Wireless Data Radios Pinouts

8.1. Operational RS422 and RS485 Information

For RS-422 and RS-485, the FreeWave radio can drive 32 standard unit loads and loads the bus
with only 1/8 unit load. A maximum of 256 devices can be tied on the bus if all of the line receivers
have 1/8 unit load.
l RS-422 is used for 4-wire or full duplex communications with one Master radio and multiple
Slave radios.
l The Master radio keeps the line driver asserted at all times.
l The maximum line length is 4,000 feet using two, 120 ohm twisted pair cables with a 5th
wire for data common.
An RS-485 full duplex using 4 wire plus common is the same as RS-422, except the system can
have multiple Masters on the bus.
When setting the radio to RS-485:
1. Enable Modbus.
2. Set the Master Packet Repeat parameter to 3 in the radios that will use RS-485.
3. Set the Turn Off Delay parameter to 4.

8.2. Pinout Assignments and Descriptions

l 20-Pin Diagnostics Connector Pinout (on page 109)
l RF Board Level Pinout (on page 110)
l RS-232 Pin Assignments (DB-9) (on page 111)
l RS422 and RS485 Full Duplex Pinouts (on page 111)
l RS485 Half Duplex Pinouts (on page 112)
l Waterproof Enclosure Pinout (on page 113)

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 108 of 136

8.3. 20-Pin Diagnostics Connector Pinout

Figure 27: 20-Pin Diagnostics Connector Pinout

Note: Pins listed with no assignment are for internal FreeWave use only.

Pin Assignment Pin Assignment

1 GND 11 —
2 GDN 12 Remote Tx
3 Diag Tx 13 —
4 Diag Rx 14 —
5 — 15 Remote CTS-a
6 — 16 Remote CTS-b
7 — 17 Remote CD-a
8 — 18 Remote CD-b
9 — 19 GND
10 — 20 —

Page 109 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

8.4. RF Board Level Pinout

The board-level radios are available in both TTL and RS232 versions. The TTL version uses
reverse polarity from standard RS232 at 0 to 5 Volt levels. All pin descriptions and pin numbering
are the same as the RS232 version. The RS232 version uses standard RS232 polarity and
voltage levels for all of the RS232 signal lines (DTR, Transmit Data, Receive Data, Carrier
Detect, RTS, and Clear to Send) and TTL standard polarity and voltage level for the Interrupt pin.
l Pin 1: B+ Power input.
l Pin 2: Interrupt (INT) – Input – A 0 Volt level on this pin switches the radio into Setup mode.
l Pin 1 on the board-level radio is the pin farthest from the three LEDs and pin 10 is closest to
the LEDs.

Figure 28: FGR2 Pin Layout

RF Board Level Pinout

ACS3610xx
Pin Assignment Signal
Cable Color
1 B+ input Power Red
2 Interrupt (temporarily ground to invoke menu) Input Brown
3 Data Terminal Ready (DTR) Input Orange
4 Ground Black
5 Transmit Data (TXD) Output Yellow
6 Ground Black
7 Receive Data (RXD) Input Green
8 Carrier Detect (DCD) Output Blue
9 Request to Send (RTS) Input Violet (purple)
10 Clear to Send (CTS) Output Gray

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 110 of 136

8.5. RS-232 Pin Assignments (DB-9)

RS232 Pin Assignments (DB-9)
Pin Assignment Signal Description
1 CD - Carrier Detect Output Used to show an RF connection between radios.
2 TX - Transmit Data Output Used to transmit data bits serially from the radios to
the system device.
3 RX - Receive Data Input Used to receive data bits serially from the system
device connected to the radios.
4 DTR - Data Terminal Input Used only in radios in Point-to-Point Slave/Master
Ready switchable mode or for DTR Connect.
5 GND - Ground Signal return for all signal lines shared with Pin 9.
6 DSR - Data Set Ready Output Always high when the radio is powered from the 2.5
mm power connector. Indicates power is on to the
radio. Also, this pin can be used for +12.0 Volts when
powering the radios directly through the RS232 port.

Important!: This is not used on the OEM

module.

7 RTS - Request to Send Input The radio does not recognize RTS for flow control.
RTS is used as a control line in RTS/CTS mode.
8 CTS - Clear to Send Output This signal is used to tell the system device connected
to the radio that the radio is ready to receive data.
l When asserted, the radio accepts data, when de-
asserted the radio does not accept data.
l This should always be used for data rates above
38.4 KB or a risk of lost data may occur if an RF
link is not very robust.
9 GND - Ground Signal return for all signal lines shared with Pin 5.

8.6. RS422 and RS485 Full Duplex Pinouts

RS422 and RS485 Full Duplex Pinouts
Function Bare Board Pin Number DB-9 Pin Number
RX+ 7 3
RX- 9 7
TX+ 5 2
TX- 10 8
Signal Ground 4 or 6 5

Page 111 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

8.7. RS485 Half Duplex Pinouts

RS485 Half Duplex Pin-Outs
Function Bare Board Pin Number DB-9 Pin Number
Wire to both pins for Bus + Short 5 and 7 Short 2 and 3
Wire to both pins for Bus - Short 9 and 10 Short 7 and 8
Signal Ground 4 or 6 5

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 112 of 136

8.8. Waterproof Enclosure Pinout

The waterproof enclosure pinout applies to the FGR2-WC model.

Figure 29: Waterproof Enclosure Pinout

Waterproof Enclosure Pinout

Pin Assignment Signal Cable Color
1 Carrier Detect (DCD) Output Brown
2 Transmit Data (TXD) Output Red
3 Receive Data (RXD) Input Orange
4 Data Terminal Ready (DTR) Input Yellow
5 Ground Signal ground Green
6 Diagnostics TXD Output Blue
7 Request to Send (RTS) Input Violet
8 Clear to Send (CTS) Output Gray
9 Power ground, shield Power ground White, shield
10 B+ Power input Black
11 Diagnostics RXD Input Pink

Page 113 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

9. Troubleshooting

If experiencing trouble with the network, see these sections to initially troubleshoot and help
identify the problem with the network or a radio within it:
l LEDs on the radio.
l Point-to-MultiPoint Operation LEDs (on page 64).

l Point-to-Point Operation LEDs (on page 88).

l Settings
l RF Quality
Use this flow chart and the troubleshooting list in this section to walk through basic checks to help
diagnose the issue. For assistance, contact FreeWave Technical Support.

Note: See Contact FreeWave Technical Support (on page 9).

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 114 of 136

9.1. Troubleshooting Flowchart

Page 115 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

9.2. General Troubleshooting

Note: For AES encryption troubleshooting tips, see Troubleshooting AES Setup on page 100.

The radio does not stay in Setup mode and cannot be programmed through the
diagnostics port.
When I try to place the radio into Setup mode, all three LEDs flash green, and then
return to their previous state.
Additional symptoms of this problem include:

Carrier Detect Clear to Send

Transmit (Tx)
(CD) (CTS)
MultiPoint Master Solid red bright Solid red dim Off

MultiPoint Slave (unlinked) Solid red bright Off Blinking red

MultiPoint Slave (linked) Solid green Off Solid red bright

Point-to-Point Master Solid red bright Solid red dim Solid red bright
(unlinked)
Point-to-Point Master or Solid green Intermittent flash Intermittent flash
Slave red red

Two scenarios could be causing the radio to not enter Setup mode.
The radio is wired for RS485 and Pins 5 and 7 on a board-level radio, or Pins 2 and 3
on an enclosed radio(or one with a DB9 connector) are shorted together.
1. Separate the wires and place the radio into Setup.
2. On the Baud Rate tab, change the Setup Port parameter to Diagnostic Only.
If there is a data source (PLC, RTU, PC, or Terminal Server) connected to
the data port, data is coming into the data port while trying to access Setup
through the diagnostics port.
3. Disconnect the data source and place the radio into Setup.
4. On the Baud Rate tab, change the Setup Port parameter to Diagnostic Only.

My radios are linked, but I cannot pass data.

Verify that the Baud Rate and Data Parity settings match between devices.

We recently had a bad storm with lots of lightning and my radio has not worked since. I
have replaced the radio but it still does not link.
Verify that the coax cable or antenna were not damaged in the storm.

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 116 of 136

I have a new network. My radios are linked but I am not able to pass data. Gas Company
X has had a FreeWave network out here in the same area for a long time and they are
not having issues. What is wrong?
Your network is likely using the default settings for Frequency Key, Network IDs,
Minimum Packet Size, and Maximum Packet Size. Refer to the user manual for the
added radio and change the settings from the default settings.

Most of my sites report in and I can poll, but I cannot poll any of the Slaves that talk
back to Repeater 2.
Repeater 2 is experiencing high noise.

My network has been running flawlessly for the last 2 years. Now, all of a sudden, I have
a group of Slaves that I cannot poll.
A Parallel Repeater has been added or changed in the network and has the same
frequency settings and is now interfering with the other Repeater. Program the new
Repeater with a different set of parameters.

My network keeps locking up. If I cycle power on the Master, the network is restored
and I can poll again until the next time the network locks up.
There is a chatty Slave in the network. The Slave is not getting acknowledgment of
data it sends to the Master and keeps trying to resend data to the Master locking out all
other communications to the Master. This is typically caused by a bad signal from the
Slave to the Master. Verify line of sight, antenna direction, and noise levels at the
Slave.

I installed a new Slave in my network, but I cannot get it to link. The CD light is solid red
and the CTS light is blinking red.
This is either an LOS (Line of Sight) issue or settings issue.

I have a site that used to perform flawlessly. Now I cannot reliably get data from the
RTU at this site.
Antenna reflected power is causing a problem. Reflected power may be caused by
defects or damage in the antenna, cabling, connections, etc. Verify that the cabling,
connectors, and the antenna are connected correctly and have not sustained any
damage.

When I connect directly to my RTU I am able to poll data successfully. When I add in
the radios, I cannot get any data from my poll.
A baud rate above 38,400 may need a flow control line connected.

Page 117 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

9.3. Unlicensed Serial Radio - Specific Troubleshooting

My Master radio is receiving odd or incorrect data after a poll request.
Several scenarios can cause radios in the network to send odd or incorrect data back
to the Master radio.
FGR2 radios running firmware versions prior to 8.74 have a known issue in RS485
mode that echoes data back to the Master radio.
1. In Tool Suite, save a network diagnostic file for the network.
2. Review the file to find any radios that are running firmware versions older than
8.74.
3. Upgrade those radios to the latest version of firmware available.

Note: For more information, see Upgrade the Radios to the Latest Software Version (on
page 27).

There is a serial interface mismatch between the site, the device, or the radio.
1. In Tool Suite, save a network diagnostic file for the network.
2. Scan the file for serial radios with a Serial Interface parameter set to RS232.
3. For RS232 radios, look at the Data TX information in the summary view for any
radio that has an excessively high Data TX.
4. Search for one or more sites that increase the data count by the number of bytes
contained in the poll request.

Example: If a poll is 64 bytes, the data poll increases by 64 bytes after the poll.

5. The identified sites may be configured as RS232, but wired as RS485.

Send a technician to the site to verify the wiring.
6. If the site is wired for RS485 and the device connected to the radio is an RS485
device, correct these parameter settings on the Baud Rate tab.
Send these new settings to the radio:

Parameter New Setting

Serial Interface RS485
Setup Port Diagnostics Only
Modbus RTU 1
Turn Off Delay 4

7. If the site is wired for RS485 and device connected requires RS232, correct the
wiring from the radio to the device.
l Pin 5 on the FreeWave radio to device RX.
l Pin 7 on the FreeWave radio to device TX.
l Pin 6 on the FreeWave radio to device signal ground.

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 118 of 136

10. FGR2 Release Notes

Thank you for purchasing the FreeWave FGR2 Wireless Data Radios radio.
These sections describe the updates and known limitations in each software version for the FGR2
Wireless Data Radios. The most recent version is listed first.
The latest software versions and the most recent list of known limitations and workarounds are
available on www.freewave.com.

10.1. Version v10.7.04

Release date: December 2016
Additions and Changes
l A hidden Option 4 has been added to the Hop Table Parameters menu. This option:
l provides another mechanism to set channel restrictions.

l allows users to mask out individual or blocks of frequencies (channels).

l See 900MHz Channel Select Parameters (on page 41) for detailed information.

Note: The original implementation is limited to a finite number This functionality is maintained
to support backwards compatibility.

l The Single Channel Mask process is used instead of the Zones method by using two
array masks.
l The first array is the Master Channel Array (MCA) and is created via an order option and

is programmed into the unit at FreeWave.

l The second array is the Customer Channel Array (CCA) and can be created by the

customer.

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 119 of 136

lThe CCA cannot unmask channels that are masked by the MCA but can mask out
channels that are not restricted by the MCA.
l Added a new option to legacy FGR2 radios to use a channel select for each channel.
l When enabled, this overrides the Zone mask.

Note: The current selectable frequency tables and the zone filter remain the same to allow for
backwards compatibility.

10.1.1. Access to the Single Channel Mask

Figure 30: Access to Single Channel Mask

Page 120 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

Example of Single Channel Mask

Figure 31: Example of Single Channel Mask

Known Limitations and Workarounds

l None

10.2. Version v10.6.8

Release Date: August 2013
Additions and Changes
l None

Known Limitations and Workarounds

l Fixes to low power mode from v8.78 corrects FGR2's failure to wake out of low power
mode and lockup after few hours in service.

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 121 of 136

10.3. Version v10.6.7

Release Date: July 2013

Note: If upgrading from firmware 8.77 or 8.78 to firmware v10.6.7 and experience issues or
inconsistent results, contact FreeWave Technical Support at 303.381.9200 or by email at
[email protected].

Additions and Changes

l Corrected problem with serial radios set to RS485 changing to RS232 operation when no
setting change was made.
l This change only applies to radios that include an RS485 setting for the serial interface.

Known Limitations and Workarounds

l In the Network Diagnostics application in Tool Suite, the radios report having the
incorrect firmware version installed.
l On the Operation Mode tab in Tool Suite (Modem Mode menu in the terminal interface),
Ethernet parameters appear.
l These options do not apply to this radio.

l Supply voltage readings in Tool Suite can fluctuate and differ from those readings on an
external voltage meter.
l When the Use Break to Access Setup setting is set to use the radio's current baud rate
(a setting only available through the terminal interface), the Diagnostic port's baud rate
does not set to the default or the Baud Rate setting, resulting in unreadable output. If you
use this Use Break to Access Setup setting, use the data port for configuration.

10.4. Version v10.6.6

Release Date: October 2012
Additions and Changes
l Updated firmware version to use the vX.X.X format.
l Added AES 128, 192, and 256 encryption capability. AES functionality is enabled at the
factory. To upgrade an existing radio to use the AES functionality, contact FreeWave
Technical Support.
l AES options MUST be set using the terminal interface.

l Tool Suite versions 2.9.0.0 and earlier do NOT include AES.

l Removed the Ultra Low Power Mode feature.

Page 122 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

Known Limitations and Workarounds

10.5. Version 8.78

Release Date: December 2011
Additions and Changes
l AES zeroization - AES capability now supports zeroization, attempting to hold to NAVSO
P5239, and various locks and checks against zeroized keys. (This update does not apply to
FGR2 models).
l Clear 8th data bit when set to 7 data bits - In a case where one radio is programmed
with 7 data bits, and parity enabled, the parity bit is transferred by the radios as the 8th data
bit, and sent out the port
on the other side. This corrupts the data. Now if the radio is set to 7 data bits, it clears the
8th data bit on serial receive.
l Repeater un-shifts timing in OTA slot - Repeaters shift half of their timing to ensure
their transmissions lineup exactly in time with the masters (2nd layer deep). During an over
the air firmware upgrade, the repeater shifted half of it's timing, but did not unshift the
timing. This could build into a timing problem causing drop of link on sufficient missed
packets.
l Ultra Low Power Mode - ULPM Enable and ULPM Sleep parameters now available in
the Transmission Characteristics settings. For more information about Ultra Low Power
Mode, see the Parameter Reference chapter in this manual.

10.6. Version 8.77

Release Date: May 2011
Additions and Changes
l Added support for mirror bits and multi-band master sync.
l You can now select Mirrored Bit Master or Mirrored Bit Slave as an operation mode.

10.7. Version 8.73

Release Date: October 2009
Additions and Changes
l RS485 Protocol fixed.
l Use Break Command to Enter Setup function fixed.
l Grand Master mode (for Multi-Master Sync) feature fixed.

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 123 of 136

10.8. Version 8.71

Release Date: August 2009
Additions and Changes
l Improved efficiency and reliability of writing TDMA settings to memory.
l Improved efficiency and reliability of writing Diagnostics settings to memory.

10.9. Version 8.70

Release Date: March 2009
Additions and Changes
l Mirror back-end changes.

10.10. Version 8.69

Release Date: October 2008
Additions and Changes
l Link acquisition issue corrected.

10.11. Version 8.68 (Initial Release)

Release Date: June 2008

Page 124 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

Appendix A: FGR2 Technical Specifications

Specifications may change at any time without notice. For the most up-to-date specifications
information, see the product's data sheet available at www.freewave.com.

Note: These are the specifications for all FGR2 models.

FGR2 Technical Specifications

Frequency 902 to 928 MHz
Transmitter
Output Power 5mW to 1W
Range 60 miles Line Of Sight
Modulation 2 level GFSK
RF Data Rate l Standard-Speed, 115.2 Kbps
l High-Speed, 153.6 Kbps
Occupied bandwidth 230 kHz
Hopping Patterns 15 per Band, 105 total, user selectable
Hopping Channels 50 to 112, user selectable
Hopping Bands 7, user selectable
Frequency Zones 16 zones
Receiver
Nominal Sensitivity l -109dBm at Standard-Speed, 1x10-4 bit error rate
l -105dBm at High-Speed, 1x10-4 bit error rate
IF Selectivity 40 dB at fc +/- 230 kHz

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 125 of 136

FGR2 Technical Specifications

RF Selectivity 50 db at 869 MHz, 935 MHz
Dynamic Range +10dBm 3rd Order Intercept Point at Input Connector
Data Transmission
Error Detection 32 Bit CRC, retransmit on error
Data Encryption l AES 128/192/256 Bit Encryption*
l Proprietary Spread Spectrum Technology
Data Throughput l 115.2 Kbps, at High-Speed RF Data Rate
l 80 Kbps, at Standard-Speed RF Data Rate
Data Interface Serial, 1200 bps to 230.4 Kbps
Protocol RS232 / RS485 / RS422

Note: TTL in the FGR2-T

Power Requirements
Operating Voltage +6.0 to +30.0 VDC**
l FGR2-CE: May be powered through pin 6 of DB9 connector.
l FGR2-CE-U: May be powered through pin 6 of DB9 connector.
l Waterproof FGR2-WC: 6 foot data and power pigtail provided.
l Waterproof FGR2-WC: Data and power cable also available terminated
with DB9 and power jack.
Typical Current (mA) Mode +6.5 VDC +12 VDC +30 VDC
Transmit 700 365 150
Receive 85 48 26
Idle 19 11 8
Sleep 5 3 3

Product Safety
Standards EN 60079-0:2012 + A11:2013 and EN 60079-15:2010
Labeling Information
II 3 G Ex nA IIC Gc
DEMKO 14 ATEX 1209313U
General Information
Operating Temperature -40°C to +75°C
Range -40°F to +167°F
Humidity 0% to 95% non-condensing

Page 126 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

FGR2 Technical Specifications

Dimensions l FGR2-C-U: 137 L x 62 W x 15 H (mm)
l FGR2-CE-U: 173 L x 107 W x 35 H (mm)
l FGR2-T-U: 137 L x 62 W x 15 H (mm)
l FGR2-WC: 165 L x 78 W x 60 H (mm)
Weight l FGR2-C-U: 58g
l FGR2-CE-U: 504g
l FGR2-T-U: 58g
l FGR2-WC: 496g
Diagnostics Connector l FGR2-WC: Fischer 11-pin
Data Connector l FGR2-C-U:
l 10-pin shrouded header with locking ramp
l 0.1 inch spacing
l power / data connector
l FGR2-CE-U: DB9
l FGR2-T-U:
l 10-pin shrouded header with locking ramp
l 0.1 inch spacing
l power / data connector
l FGR2-WC: Fischer 11-pin
RF Connector l FGR2-C-U: SMA female connector
l FGR2-CE-U: TNC-Enclosed version only (Female connector)
l FGR2-T-U: SMA female connector
l FGR2-WC: N type female connector
Enclosure l FGR2-C-U: None. Board-level
l FGR2-CE-U: Extruded aluminum
l FGR2-T-U: None. Board-level
l FGR2-WC: Extruded aluminum, waterproof

* Contact a FreeWave reseller or sales representative for implementation details.

FREEWAVE Recommends: ** UL approved FGR2 radios are approved for use between +6.0 to
+30.0 VDC.
However, for optimal performance, FreeWave recommends using a power supply between +7.5VDC
and +30VDC.

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 127 of 136

Page 128 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

Appendix C: 900MHz Factory Default Settings

900MHz Factory Default Settings

Operation Mode Default MultiPoint Parameters Default
Point-to-Point Slave 1 (0) Number of Repeaters 1
Set Baud Rate Default (1) Master Packet Repeat 2
Baud Rate 115200 (2) Max Slave Retry 9
(A) Data Parity 0 (3) Retry Odds 9
(B) Modbus RTU 0 (4) DTR Connect 0
(C) RS232/485 0 (5) Repeatr Frequency 0
(D) Setup Port 3 (6) Network ID 255
(E) Turn Off Delay / On Delay 0/0 (7) Reserved -
(F) Flow Control 0 (8) MultiMaster Sync 0
Radio Parameters Default (9) 1 PPS Enable Delay 255
(0) Freq Key 5 (A) Slave/Repeater 0
(0) Hop Table Version 0 (B) Diagnostics 0
(1) Hop Table Size 112 (C) Subnext ID “Disabled”
(2) Hop Freq Offset 0 Rx ID F
(3) Frequency Zone All 1s (Enabled) Tx ID F
(4) Government Rules 0 (D) Radio ID Not Set
(1) Max Packet Size 8 (E) Local Access 0
(2) Min Packet Size 9 (G) Radio Name "blank"

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 129 of 136

900MHz Factory Default Settings

Operation Mode Default MultiPoint Parameters Default
(3) Xmit rate 1
(4) RF Data Rate 3
(5) RF Xmit Power 10
(6) Slave Security 0
(7) RTS to CTS 0
(8) Retry Timeout 255
(9) Low Power Mode 0
(A) High Noise 0
(B) MCU Speed 0
(C) Remote LED 0
(E) Encryption
     Strength (0) Off
     Enter Key Blank
     Channel Key Blank

Page 130 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

Appendix D: 900MHz Channel Frequency IDs

Note: See 900MHz Channel Select Parameters (on page 41) for additional information.

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 131 of 136

Page 132 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

Appendix E: FreeWave Legal Information

Restricted Rights
Any product names mentioned in this manual may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective
companies and are hereby acknowledged.
This manual is for use by purchasers and other authorized users of FreeWave products.
No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
or for any purpose without the express written permission of FreeWave Technologies, Inc. FreeWave reserves
the right to make changes to this manual without notice. FreeWave assumes no responsibility or liability for the
use of this manual or the infringement of any copyright or other proprietary right.
FreeWave products are designed and manufactured in the United States of America.

Export Notification
FreeWave Technologies, Inc. products may be subject to control by the Export Administration Regulations
(EAR) and/or the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR). Export, re-export, or transfer of these
products without required authorization from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and
Security, or the U.S. Department of State, Directorate of Defense Trade Controls, as applicable, is
prohibited. Any party exporting, re-exporting, or transferring FreeWave products is responsible for
obtaining all necessary U.S. government authorizations required to ensure compliance with these and other
applicable U.S. laws. Consult with your legal counsel for further guidance.

UL Notifications / Warnings - Class1 Div2

Warning! EXPLOSION HAZARD! - Substitution of components may impair suitability for Class 1,
Division 2.

Warning! DO NOT REMOVE or insert the diagnostics cable while the circuit is live!

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 133 of 136

UL Power Source
Input voltage for the listed models is +6.0 to +30.0 VDC.

Important!: Input power shall be derived from a single Class 2 power source.

Do not connect or disconnect any connectors while the circuit is live unless the area is known to be non-
hazardous.

Warning! The FGR2-WC model described in this User Manual is NOT UL certified.

l Models FGR2-C-U, FGR2-CE-U, and FGR2-T-U are suitable for use in Class 1, Division 2, Groups A, B,
C, and D or non-hazardous locations only.

IC Notifications
This device complies with Industry Canada license-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject to the
following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must accept any
interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.
Ce dispositif est conforme aux normes permis-exemptes du Canada RSS d'industrie. L'opération est sujette aux
deux conditions suivantes : (1) ce dispositif peut ne pas causer l'interférence, et (2) ce dispositif doit accepter
n'importe quelle interférence, y compris l'interférence qui peut causer le fonctionnement peu désiré du dispositif.

FCC Notifications
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 1) This
device may not cause harmful interference and 2) this device must accept any interference received, including
interference that may cause undesired operation.
The content of this guide covers FreeWave Technologies, Inc. models sold under FCC ID: KNY-42182112519.
All models sold under the FCC ID(s) listed above must be installed professionally and are only approved for use
when installed in devices produced by FreeWave Technologies or third party OEMs with the express written
approval of FreeWave Technologies, Inc. Changes or modifications should not be made to the device.
The antennas used MUST have a separation distance of at least 23 cm from all persons and MUST NOT be co-
located or operate in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.

FCC NEMA Installation and Label

Where applicable, the models described in this guide must be installed in a NEMA enclosure. When any
FreeWave Technologies, Inc. module is placed inside an enclosure, a label must be placed on the outside of the
enclosure. The label must include the text "Contains Transmitter Module with FCC ID: KNY-42182112519."

FCC Notification of Power Warning

The FGR2 Wireless Data Radios covered in this document have a maximum transmitted output power of 1000
mW.
The antennas used MUST have a separation distance of at least 23 cm from all persons and MUST NOT be co-
located or operate in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.

Page 134 of 136 LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017

ANATEL Information

Schedule of Limitations
l Provision shall be made to prevent the rated voltage being exceeded by the transient disturbances of
more than 140% of the peak rated voltage.
l The system shall be mounted in an ATEX certified enclosure with a minimum ingress protection rating of
at least IP54 as defined in EN60529 and used in an environment of not more than pollution degree 2.
l The enclosure must have a door or cover accessible only by the use of a tool.
l Ambient Temperature -40°C to +75°C.
l Supply conductors should be a minimum 85°C.

LUM0049AA Rev Jul-2017 Page 135 of 136

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