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Projectile Practice Problems Solutions 2021

The document provides solutions to 10 physics problems involving projectile motion. It uses equations such as the kinematic equations to solve for variables like time, displacement, velocity, and acceleration. Key steps shown include determining time variables, using appropriate kinematic equations, and substituting known values to solve for unknown quantities like maximum height, range, or initial velocity.

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HAN SEUL SHIM
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100% found this document useful (1 vote)
364 views33 pages

Projectile Practice Problems Solutions 2021

The document provides solutions to 10 physics problems involving projectile motion. It uses equations such as the kinematic equations to solve for variables like time, displacement, velocity, and acceleration. Key steps shown include determining time variables, using appropriate kinematic equations, and substituting known values to solve for unknown quantities like maximum height, range, or initial velocity.

Uploaded by

HAN SEUL SHIM
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solutions

1. An object is projected horizontally at 8.0 m/s from the


top of a 122.5 m cliff. How far from the base of the cliff
will the object strike the ground?
8 m/s

x = vx*t
1. An object is projected horizontally at 8.0 m/s from the
top of a 122.5 m cliff. How far from the base of the cliff
will the object strike the ground?

Step 1: Determine how long the object was in the air.


Use the equation d = ½ at2 and solve for time.
Rearrange the equation into
1 2
𝑑 = 𝑎𝑡
2 Our shortcut equation for finding the time an object hits the
2𝑑 = 𝑎𝑡 2 ground from a height of “d”.
2𝑑
= 𝑡2
𝑎
𝟐𝒅
=𝒕
𝒂
1. An object is projected horizontally at 8.0 m/s from the
top of a 122.5 m cliff. How far from the base of the cliff
will the object strike the ground?

Step 2: Substitute in the values for d and a and solve for t.

𝟐𝒅
𝒕=
𝒂

𝟐(𝟏𝟐𝟐. 𝟓)
𝒕=
𝟏𝟎
𝒕 = 𝟓 𝐬𝐞𝐜
1. An object is projected horizontally at 8.0 m/s from the
top of a 122.5 m cliff. How far from the base of the cliff
will the object strike the ground?

Step 3: Use the horizontal displacement equation x = vxt


to solve for the displacement from the base of the cliff
the object landed.

x=8x5 8.0 m/s → given


x = 40 meters 5 seconds → solved in
step 2
2. An arrow is shot at 30.0° angle with the horizontal. It
has a velocity of 49 m/s.
a. How high will it go?
b. What is horizontal displacement of the arrow?

NOTE:
vx = horizontal velocity
vx = Vi (cos q)
v y = Vi (sin q)
q = angle of the velocity
2. An arrow is shot at 30.0° angle with the horizontal. It
has a velocity of 49 m/s (a vertical velocity of 24.5 m/s
and horizontal velocity = 42.4 m/s)
a. How high will it go?
b. What horizontal distance will the arrow travel?
(relative to its original height)

height
2. An arrow is shot at 30.0° angle with the horizontal. It
has a velocity of 49 m/s (a vertical velocity of 24.5 m/s
and horizontal velocity = 42.4 m/s)
a. How high will it go?

Step 1: Determine the time it takes for the arrow to reach


it peak. Use the equation
vf = vi + at
and the orientation of up is positive and down is
negative
2. An arrow is shot at 30.0° angle with the horizontal. It
has a velocity of 49 m/s (a vertical velocity of 24.5 m/s
and horizontal velocity = 42.4 m/s)
a. How high will it go?
Step 2: Substitute in the values for vi and a
𝑣𝑓 − 𝑣𝑖
𝑣𝑓 = 𝑣𝑖 + 𝑎𝑡 𝑣𝑓 − 𝑣𝑖 = 𝑎𝑡 =𝑡
𝑎

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑣𝑓 = 0

−𝒗𝒊 −𝟐𝟒.𝟓
Total flight time: 𝒕=𝟐×
𝒂
=𝟐×
−𝟏𝟎
=
𝟒. 𝟗 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒅𝒔
2. An arrow is shot at 30.0° angle with the horizontal. It
has a velocity of 49 m/s (a vertical velocity of 24.5 m/s
and horizontal velocity = 42.4 m/s)
a. How high will it go?

Step 3: To determine the height, use the equation


d = vit + ½ at2
d = (24.5)2.45 + ½ (-10)(2.45)2
d = 30.0125 meters
2. An arrow is shot at 30.0° angle with the horizontal. It
has a velocity of 49 m/s (a vertical velocity of 24.5 m/s
and horizontal velocity = 42.4 m/s)
a. How high will it go?

Step 3: To determine the height, use the equation


vf2 = vi2 + 2ad
−vi2
d= (our shortcut for finding max. height)
2a
d = -24.52/(2 x (-10)) = 30.0125 m
2. An arrow is shot at 30.0° angle with the horizontal. It
has a velocity of 49 m/s (a vertical velocity of 24.5 m/s
and horizontal velocity = 42.4 m/s)
b. What horizontal distance will the arrow travel?
(relative to its original height)

Step 1: Use the horizontal displacement equation


x = vxt (“t” here is total flight time)
x = (42.4)(4.9) (total flight time = 2 ∙ peaked time)
x = 208 meters
3. A person kicks a rock off a cliff horizontally with a
speed of 20 m/s. It takes 7.0 seconds to hit the ground,
find:
a. height of the cliff
b. final vertical velocity
c. Range (horizontal displacement)
20 m/s

height = _____

x = ____
a. t = 7 seconds
a = -10 m/s2
vi = 0 m/s
d=?

d = vit + ½ at2
d = (0)(7) + ½ (-10)(7)2
d = -5(49)
d = -245 m → height = 245 m
b. t = 7 seconds
a = 10 m/s2
vi = 0 m/s
vf =?

vf = vi + at
vf = 0 + (-10)(7)
vf = -70 m/s
c. x = vhorizontal t
= (20)(7)
= 140 meters
4. A ship fires its guns with a speed of 400 m/s at an
angle of 35° (328 m/s horizontally and 229 m/s
vertically) with the horizontal. Find the range and
maximum altitude.
229 m/s

328 m/s
35o
𝑇𝑜 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒,
𝑤𝑒 𝑛𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒.
Shortcut equation:
−2𝑣𝑖
𝑡=
𝑎
Range = horizontal displacement: x = vxt
−2(229)
𝑡=
−10
x = (328 m/s)(45.8 s) = 15022.4 m = 15.0224 km = 9.32 miles
𝑡 = 45.8 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑠

Map of Grand Rapids


To determine the height, use the equation
vf2 = vi2 + 2ad

−𝑣𝑖2
𝑑= (equation for max. height)
2𝑎

−2292
𝑑= = 2622.05 m = 2.62205 km = 1.63 miles
2(−10)

1.63 miles
About 7 Empire State Buildings

4.5 miles
5. A basketball is held over head at a height of 2.4 m.
The ball is lobbed to a teammate at 8 m/s at an angle of
40° (6.13 m/s horizontally and 5.14 m/s vertically). If the
ball is caught at the same height it was tossed at, how far
away is the teammate?
5. A basketball is held over head at a height of 2.4 m.
The ball is lobbed to a teammate at 8 m/s at an angle of
40° (6.13 m/s horizontally and 5.14 m/s vertically). If the
ball is caught at the same height it was tossed at, how far
away is the teammate?

Type 2 problem, similar to the battleship problem.


𝑇𝑜 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒,
𝑤𝑒 𝑛𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒. Range = horizontal displacement:
Shortcut equation: x = vxt
−2𝑣𝑖
𝑡=
𝑎
x = (6.13 m/s)(1.028 s) = 6.3 m
−2(5.14)
𝑡=
−10

𝑡 = 1.028 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑠
6. A hunter aims directly at a target (on the same level)
140 m away. If the bullet leaves the gun at a speed of 280
m/s, by how much will the bullet miss the target?

d
6. A hunter aims directly at a target (on the same level)
140 m away. If the bullet leaves the gun at a speed of 280
m/s, by how much will the bullet miss the target?

d
𝑥 = 𝑣𝑥 𝑡
140 = (280) 𝑡
140
𝑡= = 0.5 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑠
280
1
To find “d”, we need to use the equation 𝑑 = 𝑣𝑖 𝑡 + 2 𝑎𝑡 2 , where 𝑣𝑖 = 0

d = ½ at2
d = ½ (-10)(.5)2= -1.25 m
7. A ball is thrown horizontally from the roof of a
building 50 m tall and lands 45 m from the base. What
was the ball’s initial speed?

50 m

45 m
Determine how long it takes to hit the ground.
2𝑑 2(−50)
𝑡= = = 3.16 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑠
𝑎 −10

Using horizontal displacement equation x = vx t to find the


original horizontal velocity.

𝑥 = 𝑣𝑥 𝑡

45 = 𝑣𝑥 3.16

45
𝑣𝑥 = = 14.2 𝑚/𝑠
3.16
8. A bullet traveling 800 m/s horizontally hits a target
180 m away. How far does the bullet fall before it hits the
target?

x = 180 m

vx = 800 m/s
d
1 2
𝑥 = 𝑣𝑥 𝑡 𝑑 = 𝑎𝑡
2
180 = 800𝑡 1
180 𝑑 = −10 (0.225)2
𝑡= = 0.225𝑠 2
800 𝑑 = −0.25𝑚
9. A student threw a ball horizontally out of a window 8
m above the ground. It was caught by another student
who was 10.0 m away. What was the initial velocity of
the ball?
9. A student threw a ball horizontally out of a window
8.0 m above the ground. It was caught by another
student who was 10.0 m away. What was the initial
velocity of the ball?

2𝑑 2(8)
𝑡= = = 1.26 𝑠
𝑔 10

𝑥 = 𝑣𝑥 𝑡

𝑥 10 𝑚
𝑣𝑥 = = = 7.91
𝑡 1.26 𝑠
10. A baseball was hit at 45 m/s (31.8 m/s horizontally
and 31.8 m/s vertically) at an angle of 45° above the
horizontal.
a. How long did it remain in the air?
b. How far did it travel horizontally?

x=?
10. A baseball was hit at 45 m/s (31.8 m/s horizontally
and 31.8 m/s vertically) at an angle of 45° above the
horizontal.
a. How long did it remain in the air?
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒,
−2𝑣𝑖
𝑡=
𝑎
−2(31.8)
𝑡= = 6.36 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑠
−10
10. A baseball was hit at 45 m/s (31.8 m/s horizontally
and 31.8 m/s vertically) at an angle of 45° above the
horizontal.
b. How far did it travel horizontally?

𝑥 = 𝑣𝑥 𝑡
𝑥 = 31.8 6.36
𝑥 = 202 𝑚

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