AF2: SDOF Harmonic response example

Aeroelasticity Class
Cesar Eduardo Perez Betancourt 1884251 Lab 108

Problem 1

1) The static displacement of a system with a motor weight of 385.6 kg is found to be 0.0254
mm. Determine the natural frequency of vertical vibrations of this system.

𝐹
𝑘 √𝑥 𝑚∙𝑎 9.81 𝑚/𝑠 2
𝑤= √ = = √ = √ = 621.46 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠𝑒𝑐
𝑚 𝑚 𝑥∙𝑚 0.0254𝑒 − 3 𝑚

Problem 2

2) An instrument's needle indicator has a rotary inertia of 1.4 x 106 kg-m2. It is attached to a
torsion spring whose stiffness is 1.1 x105 N-m/rad and a viscous damper of coefficient c.
What is the value of c needed so that the needle is critically damped?

J = 1.4 x106 kg∙m2

k = 1.1 x105 N∙m/rad
𝜉=1

𝐶
𝜉=
𝐶𝑐

𝐶 = 𝐶𝑐

𝐶𝑐 = 2 ∗ √𝑘 ∗ 𝐽

m
𝐶𝑐 = 2 ∗ √1.1e5 N ∙ ∗ 1.4e6 kg ∙ m2
rad

𝐶𝑐 = 7.848𝑒5 𝑁 ∗ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 ∗ 𝑚
Problem 3
3) An automobile exhibits a vertical oscillating displacement of maximum peak amplitude 5 cm and
a measured maximum peak acceleration of 2000 cm/s2. Assuming that the automobile can be
modeled as a single-degree-of-freedom system in the vertical direction, calculate the natural
frequency of the automobile.

𝑥̈ = 𝐴𝑊𝑛2

𝑥̈ 2000 𝑐𝑚/𝑠2
𝑊𝑛 = √ = √ = 20 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
𝐴 5 𝑐𝑚

Problem 4
4) An automobile exhibits a vertical oscillating displacement of maximum peak amplitude 5 cm and
a measured maximum peak acceleration of 2000 cm/s2. Assuming that the automobile can be
modeled as a single-degree-of-freedom system in the vertical direction, calculate the natural
frequency of the automobile.

𝑥̈ = 𝐴𝑊𝑛2

𝑥̈ 2000 𝑐𝑚/𝑠2
𝑊𝑛 = √ = √ = 20 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
𝐴 5 𝑐𝑚

𝑘
𝑊𝑛 = √
𝑚

Assuming a 1000 kg mass of the car

𝑟𝑎𝑑 𝑘 𝑟𝑎𝑑 2
20 = √ → (20 ) ∗ 1000 𝑘𝑔 = 𝑘
𝑠 1000 𝑘𝑔 𝑠

𝑘 = 4𝑥105

For three cases of viscous damping the values used for 𝜉 are = 0.5, 1, 1.5

𝐶𝑐 = 2 ∗ √𝑘 ∗ 𝑚

𝐶𝑐 = 2 ∗ √4𝑥105 ∗ 1000 𝑘𝑔 = 4𝑥10^4

To obtain the damping values
𝐶
𝜉= → 𝑐 = 𝜉 ∗ 𝐶𝑐
𝐶𝑐

𝝃 0.5 1 1.5
C 2x10^4 4x10^4 6x10^4
 State equation

𝑚𝑥̈ + 𝑐𝑥̇ + 𝑘𝑥̇ = 𝐹

𝑚𝑥̈ = 𝐹 − 𝑐𝑥̇ − 𝑘𝑥

𝑚𝑠 2 𝑋(𝑠) = 𝐹(𝑠) − 𝑐𝑠𝑋(𝑠) − 𝑘𝑋(𝑠)

Transfer function of the system
𝑋(𝑠) 1
= 2
𝐹(𝑠) 𝑚𝑠 + 𝑐𝑠 + 𝑘
Simulink

A simulation was made on SIMULINK to obtain the free response of the system to the three scenarios of
damping, these are the values used. (3 sec simulation)

F = 10; m = 1000 kg; k = 4x10^5; c = [ 2x10^4 ; 4x10^4 ; 6x10^4 ]

For 𝜉 = 0.5
For 𝜉 = 1

For 𝜉 = 1.5
Problem 5

5) A body of mass 100 kg is suspended by a spring of stiffness of 30 kN/m and dashpot of damping
constant 1000 N-s/m. Vibration is excited by a harmonic force of amplitude 80 N.

𝑘 30000 𝑁
𝑊𝑛 = √ = √ = 17.32 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠𝑒𝑐
𝑚 100 𝑘𝑔

𝑐∗𝑤 1000 ∗ 17.32

𝜙 = tan−1 [ ]= = 89.99° = 1.57 𝑟𝑎𝑑
𝑘 − 𝑚 ∗ 𝑤2 30000 − 100𝑘𝑔 ∗ 17.322

𝐹 80 𝑁
𝑋= = 1
((𝑘 − 𝑚 ∗ 𝑤 2 )2 2 2
+ 𝑐 ∗ 𝑤 )^1/2 ((30000 − 100 ∗ 17.322 ) + 10002 ∗ 17.322 ) /2

𝑋 = 0.004618