Project Report

Amazon Managed Blockchain : A Comprehensive Study

Report Submitted by:

Paridhi Maheshwari: [email protected]

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 Contents

1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................3
2. Background .............................................................................................................................3
3. Amazon Managed Blockchain: Key Features, Benefits, & Implementation ....................4
4. Hyperledger Fabric Framework : Key Features, Implementation and Use Cases ..........5
5. Ethereum Framework : Key Features, Implementation & Use Cases ..............................6
6. AWS Blockchain Services: Introduction , Services & Use Cases .......................................7
7. Amazon Quantum Ledger Database (QLDB): Key features, Benefits &
Implementation ..............................................................................................................................8
8. Success stories of partners for Amazon Managed Blockchain ...........................................9
8a. SGX Uses Amazon Managed Blockchain to Build Innovative Payment Solution ........9
8b. Managing pension risk with Amazon Managed Blockchain .........................................10
8c. How Sony is protecting rights of Digital creators using blockchain based on AWS ...11
9. Future of Amazon Managed Blockchain ............................................................................12
References .....................................................................................................................................13

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1. Introduction
Blockchain is a decentralized distributed ledger technology that records the transactions in a manner that
cannot be modified by players in the network. It allows developers to build various applications and carry
out the transactions in a swift and efficient manner without the interference of a central controlling
authority. However, in doing so scalability is always a concern as the existing technologies are not fully
capable of supporting massive blockchains.

Lot of different blockchain technologies have dominated the market since the early 2010, however
Amazon, a leading ecommerce giant did not want to be left behind in this race. Post the Covid-19
pandemic business around the world have transformed drastically, requiring a platform that they can trust
for network security, flow of information, reliability, and authenticity of transactions, and which also
offers speed in a decentralized environment. For a couple of years, Amazon has been working on various
blockchain initiatives and developing blockchain solutions utilizing the Hyperledger fabric and
Ethereum.

Amazon came to the rescue with its managed Blockchain network which offers its users both the
opportunity to join public networks or manage and maintain scalable private networks in an efficient way.
It practically creates a blockchain network which can be adapted to meet the users’ requirements, thus
significantly cutting down on the cost of manual software installation, configuring network components,
getting access certificates and overall management of the blockchain network within a short time frame.
It also offers users with various options of computation and memory capabilities, compatible with their
blockchain apps. The certificates are secured through AWS Key Management along with Amazon
Quantum Ledger Database (QLDB) in case the users require a centralized blockchain solution.

2. Background
Building ledgers with traditional databases pose a galore of problems as they are resource intensive, prone
to errors in the system, difficult to manage, and impossible to verify. With the increase in the blockchain
network the complexity offered cannot be handled by traditional databases. With multi-party business
transactions involved a tamper-proof history of data is difficult to maintain, and often requires third party
or central authorities to monitor and control the network. As such the security measures increase the
operating cost. Blockchain provides encrypted transaction data, redundant databases or ledgers hosted
across the internet, thus making online transactions more secure as no single entity owns the database and
chances of data tampering reduces and lowers the cost associated with security measures.

Amazon managed blockchain offers two blockchain frameworks Hyperledger Fabric and Ethereum, for
users to choose from. Hyperledger Fabric is an open source blockchain framework from Linux that allows
the developers to create their own blockchain applications with access control and permission, thus
allowing them to create a private network and control which players in the network can view the
transactions. Most of the Amazon partners right now are working on Hyperledger Fabric supported
applications and platforms in different industries ranging from banking, insurance, supply chain,
healthcare, etc.

However, Ethereum is a decentralized framework that sets up a peer-to-peer network where the users
use smart contracts i.e., execute transactions securely and verify the code. Thus, users have full visibility
of the transaction records. These are facilitated using Ethereum’s cryptocurrency called ether. It is best
suited for distributed networks however since the framework is in the development stages, not many user
cases have come to light and data reliability and scalability are still in testing phases.

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3. Amazon Managed Blockchain: Key Features, Benefits, & Implementation
Amazon Managed Blockchain is a tested solution for creating and managing highly scalable blockchain
networks which allows the users to join public networks in a more efficient way. It offers great speed and
accuracy with executing millions of transactions It also offers the opportunity to build and create a private
blockchain network utilizing the amazon ecosystem (AWS platform) and services and offers system setup
and maintenance services at low cost.

Benefits offered by Amazon managed Blockchain are as follows: Users can create blockchain networks
across different AWS accounts and share data without being monitored by a centralized authority.
Amazon hosts the infrastructure -hardware, security, software configuration and networking components
for the users . It also allows the user with voting rights where they can control the entry or exit of other
users, then letting them execute their own peer-to-peer networks. These blockchain networks are easily
scalable to accommodate big and complicated networks to interact with each other. If a user needs
additional capacity for new transactions, they can use Amazon APIs to add a new node.

Different combinations of memory and CPU allows the users more flexibility for resource selection ,
depending on their usage type and the security is maintained by AWS Key Management Services
technology. It offers the users the flexibility to choose either Hyperledger Fabric or Ethereum framework
depending on if their requirement is centralized or decentralized. The users only pay for the services they
use and there is no upfront commitment with amazon managed blockchain. These services can be assessed
from AWS management console, AWS Command Line Interface (CLI) or AWS Software Development
Kit (SDK). In case of poor performing nodes, the network automatically replaces them with better ones.

Fig.1 Schematic Diagram of Amazon Managed Blockchain Network

It is easy for a new user to join any public network; they simply need to select the public network to
connect with and then use the AWS Management Console to deploy a peer node. An individual network
can be generated by either clicking on ‘ create a network’ or ‘Join a network’. After creating the first
network on network creation wizard, the user can invite and add other AWS accounts. With secure
networking, swift, consistent, and seamless integration in the blockchain network, expandable storage
for ledger data, encrypted transmission, and secure access to open-source APIs, at present Amazon
managed blockchain offers is one of the best blockchain solutions.

Amazon offers two network types depending on use cases and hourly membership rate. The Starter
Edition network is designed for test and small production networks, with a maximum of 5 members in
each network, allowing 2 peer nodes per member. The ordering service associated with this has a lower
transaction limit. However, the Standard Edition network supports a bigger production network with a
maximum of 14 members in each network, allowing about 3 peer nodes per person. The ordering
service associated with this had higher transaction power.

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 The peer nodes created by new members interact with each other and store a copy of the ledger and
keep a track of all the processed transactions requested, endorsing transactions, verifying members etc.
thus updating, and staying in tune with the latest information on the network. These nodes share all the
resources of the network. All elements of the network are assigned with unique IDs which is an address
endpoint, so that the resources used can identify the virtual location if it is in-network or out-of-network
for access and authorization purposes.

In a multi-member blockchain network on the AWS account, the network ceases to exist or gets deleted
only when the last member is deleted or exits themselves. However, configuration options to terminate
a network are available while setting up the network, which stipulates that the network gets terminated
if the founding member leaves.

4. Hyperledger Fabric Framework : Key Features, Implementation and Use Cases

Hyperledger Fabric is an open source blockchain framework from Linux that allows the developers to
create their own blockchain applications. Certain concepts are integral in understanding the execution of
this framework. Firstly, it has a ‘chaincode’ or smart contracts which is code written in languages such
as Java, Node.js and installed on the network’s peer nodes, that can share ledger information. Secondly,
this is a ‘permissioned platform’ where users are aware about the identity of the network players, as they
are all enrolled through a trusted membership service provider( MSP). Thirdly, it involves an ‘ordering
service’, a consensus mechanism that can support different applications. It means that this network can
be customized to fit the needs of the user. Lastly, this framework does not require additional operating
costs.

Modular components of the Hyperledger fabric consists of a pluggable ordering service that utilizes
consensus mechanism to verify the transactions and then broadcast it to the whole network, MSP
responsible for assigning the nodes and players with cryptographic identities, chaincode that does not
have direct access to ledger state and last but not the least pluggable endorsement and validation policy
configured uniquely for every application.

Hyperledger Fabric network has users, peer nodes and other entities identified by root certificate which
allows them specific permissions and access rights in the network. These certificates are stored in the
Fabric certificate authority and protected by the Hardware Security module (HSM). Users create peer
nodes to carry out transactions, which are stored and executed using chaincode or smart contracts and
store a copy of the ledger for local access. Fabric clients interact with users and peer nodes, to read the
ledger, add new smart contracts or propose new transactions. The ordering service makes sure that the
transactions are properly ordered and endorsed in new blocks, then broadcast to the entire network.

Transaction flow begins when a client application sends a proposal to peers in their network, then peers
validate the clients’ identity and authority for submitted transactions. Then the proposed transaction is
simulated and matched with the expected outcome, followed by receiving proper endorsement from the
endorsement policy. At last, the ordering service checks and chronologically approves the transactions,
converts them into blocks and sends them back to peer nodes which validates it and then user adds them
to the ledger and updates it to the latest state.

User cases for Hyperledger Fabric Managed blockchain finds applicability in trading and asset transfer,
retail, and small supply chain networks. Trading involves interaction of many parties like banks,
exporters, importers, shipping companies etc. Hence, they all can come together and easily create and
use amazon managed blockchain networks where all trade applications and transactions can be
electronically managed , and processed quickly, without requiring a centralized third-party interference
to monitor it.

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 Fig.2 Schematic diagram showing transaction flow on Hyperledger fabric framework

Similarly, in a supply chain network this can be used to track the flow of goods and services, with strict
checkpoints to maintain the authenticity of products, and stakeholders can manage their own distributed
ledger which contains all significant information regarding port of entry, volume of goods etc.
increasing transparency in the system. It enforces accountability and reduces adulteration and
counterfeiting of products. Contaminated products can be tracked and recalled easily.

Retail chains can improve their customer loyalty programs by building a network of retailers , where
customers can redeem rewards at any retailer, along with speeding up the transaction clearance process
which typically took 5-7 days. IT can be implemented in insurance companies to prevent insurance
frauds, as they can cross refer the transaction data stored in the ledger to identify duplicate and false
claims. Not only this, but the claims can also be processed quickly using smart contracts and automated
payment processes, by simply accessing the KYC data of users and automating the verification of their
documents using smart contracts.

5. Ethereum Framework : Key Features, Implementation & Use Cases

Ethereum is a decentralized framework that sets up a peer-to-peer network where the users use smart
contracts i.e., execute transactions securely and verify the code. Smart contracts allow the users to
maintain transactions without control and audit from a central authority. Moreover, the transaction
records are encrypted and cannot be changed, verifiable, and securely distributed providing the users
with full ownership and visibility over the data. Here, transactions are sent and received using Ethereum
accounts, which user signs the transaction and spends processing charges using the native
cryptocurrency called ‘Ether’.

Ethereum accounts can be ‘Externally owned’ (EOA) or ‘Contract Accounts’. EOA is accessed through
a private key without the need for any code and can send transactions. All transactions must always
originate from EOA. However, the contract account type has an execution code which runs every time
it receives a transaction from EOA.

Ethereum is a public accessed blockchain framework which is decentralized and based on a proof of
work consensus mechanism. It is an extremely flexible platform which uses the Ethereum viral machine
and Solidity scripting language to create decentralized applications. It enhances the user experience,
sets best practices, and offers simple interfaces for interaction. Defi and NFTs are some of the
applications based on this framework, however scalability is still an issue here. This framework is in
its infancy and will require time to become compatible with existing user technologies.

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 An Ethereum transaction is a signed data message send from one Ethereum account to other, containing
sender’s and recipient information , smart contract bytecode, associated transaction fee that sender is
willing to pay to the network validators to add this transaction to the blockchain along with the option
to include Ether amount if any to be transferred. Using the native currency has its benefits. It prevents
the bad network actors from filling the network with unnecessary transactions and provides incentive
to users to use their resources and validate or ‘mine’ the transaction.

When a smart contract is triggered through initiating a transaction, all nodes in the network execute
every instruction. This is done through an execution environment on blockchain called Ethereum
Virtual Machine (EVM). During block verification , all nodes in the entire network run EVM as part
of mandatory verification protocol, make the same calculations and keep all ledgers synchronous with
each other. All transactions have an associated fee and a gas limit paid by the sender; however, it
depends on the receiver or miner to mine it and collect the blocks, along with the money, which
sometimes is not the end goal for most miners.

Use cases for Ethereum find applicability with decentralized finance applications (DeFi). It is
significantly different from the existing financial networks as it enables developers to create new
investment, trading, and payments models, using smart contracts without the control of a central finance
authority. The benefit of this approach includes offerings for peer-to-peer lending and borrowing,
trading through decentralized exchanges and interest earned on cryptocurrency portfolio. Some of the
popular Defi platforms are compound, MakerDAO and UniSwap.

Another application for Ethereum is using NFT’s or Non-Fungible digital tokens. These are digital and
tangible assets, gaining popularity with the gaming industry. They have recorded ownership on
blockchain network as they are tamper proof and can be exchanged and used over multiple gaming
platforms. Eg: Crypto Kitties allow users to collect digital cat collectibles using NFT.

6. AWS Blockchain Services: Introduction , Services & Use Cases

AWS offers tools with a purpose to support the users’ distinct needs, whether it is the requirement of a
centralized ledger database or cryptographically verifiable transaction record. Amazon managed
blockchain uses the AWS Key Management Service(KMS) to secure Hyperledger fabric’s certificate
authority. AWS offers capabilities to users with infrastructure setup for blockchain applications. It offers
security with HSM and Virtual private cloud (VPC) endpoints for secure interaction. A lot of customers
turn to Aws for their blockchain workloads. About 25% of all Ethereum workloads are handled on AWS
platform. The range of customers utilizing the Hyperledger fabric framework include Nestle, Guardian,
DTCC, workday , SGX and many more.

Developing blockchain and ledger applications is more efficient on AWS and simpler to use and
implement. It supports more than 70+ validated blockchain solutions for its partners. It supports CLI,
CloudFormation and amazon cloudwatch logs, utilized by managed blockchains. Moreover, Amazon
QLDB is 3 times faster than the traditional framework.

The use cases for amazon are based on trace and trace, letter of credits and system of records. Often in
supply chain industries paper processes and disjoint data systems create a barrier in efficient
communication. As such identifying the locations for product inventory becomes a challenge. As these
outdated systems lack compatibility with the present data driven systems, they are often prone to manual
errors, compliance violations, inaccurate supply and demand predictions and counterfeiting of products.
To cater to this problem, amazon managed blockchain provides the most apt solution. When the entire
network can be digitally documented, the visibility and reliability of the system increases manifold. Now
using time stamped transactions, most supply chain industries can easily locate where their product is
always.
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 Letter of credits are promissory notes used to reduce the risk associated with international transactions
between customers and sellers. So, this letter of credit serves as a guarantee that the seller gets paid, if and
only if all the conditions on the transaction are fulfilled. This is a complex system as multiple parties are
involved, buyer, seller, and both of their banks. To eliminate this problem, a blockchain system would be
useful as all the stakeholders can verify the documentation quickly and in real time, thus eliminating the
need for paper transactions.

Amazon also offers business with the capability to audit and keep track of critical deliverables through
system-of-record application. This includes a list of information like all the credit and debit transactions,
assets, internal compliance, and debts. Audit related database using relational database software is time
consuming and labor-intensive process. Instead, Amazon QLDB provides centralized ledger for all audit
purposes. It is also scalable and works without a server to verify records. It also allows to access historic
records using AWS Lambda events.

Fig.3 Blockchain Solution building blocks on AWS

7. Amazon Quantum Ledger Database (QLDB): Key features, Benefits & Implementation
Ledger applications can be implemented using audit tables, and traditional databases, however they are
resource intensive and does not offer scalability. Different users can change the data fed into these
applications and hence they are not error prone. Identification of such issues comes at a very heavy
cost. Ethereum and Hyperledger fabric can be utilized for ledger applications, but they need operational
cost and are centralized in nature. As the system complexity increases, this will jack up the prices.

But if users require less complexity and decentralized blockchain solution, amazon Quantum Ledger
Database can be the solution. QLDB eliminates all this tedious work, offers immutable and
cryptographically verifiable data, and can scale up to support user applications without ramping up its
configuration. With features like immutable transaction, append-only journal which means data can
only be added, but cannot be deleted or modified, and tables reflecting not only the current state but
also the historical transactions, it truly becomes a financial ledger. It is cryptographically hashed, and
every transaction is passed through SHA-256 hash function to produce a digest of that transaction.
Every transaction undergoes this process; however, every additional transaction is passed through the
digest of previous one thus changing the previous transaction hash function.

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 Amazon QLDB offers automatic scaling features, depending on the user application requirement, it can
scale up to 3x the transactions as compared to other blockchain frameworks. It also does not require
serves to manage capacity, and its easy to create a new ledger through the AWS Management Console,
CLI and AWS Cloud Formation Template. During a database operation, QLDB offers consistency,
isolation, and durability. It allows the user to react quickly to new events and offers easy integration
with downstream services like amazon Redshift, AWS Lambda etc.

The use cases for QLDB ranges from event driven Architecture, analytics, purpose-built data stores, to
storing financial transactions, maintaining claim history , centralizing digital records and reconciling
supply chain systems. Event driven architecture means that the set actions will only take place or get
triggered by a main action, and they would follow a sequence always. For eg: Bank implementing
notification system to automatically let the customer know whenever they use credit cards. For supply
chain networks, QLDB can store all financial transaction information and record the history of each
transaction with specific details that may come handy in future.

Fig.4 Implementation of QLDB

8. Success stories of partners for Amazon Managed Blockchain

8a. SGX Uses Amazon Managed Blockchain to Build Innovative Payment Solution

Singapore Exchange Limited is a holding firm that offers securities and other trading services
throughout the Asia subcontinent. The Singapore Exchange operates equities, fixed income, and
derivatives markets which must adhere to the meticulous and complex governing standards. Singapore
Exchange Limited has grown into a vastly systematized and governed electronic marketplace. Singapore
Exchange Limited had to rely on the conventional infrastructure of the data center and intricate
transaction workflows.

Most forms of financial transactions were still plagued by batch processing and manual reconciliation,
which, when combined with localized infrastructure, obstructed development, and innovation. The need
for having a very secure system has led to over-engineered systems which although provide the necessary
security needed and can handle the peak demand but being highly engineered systems means they are
getting the job done but at the cost of being not as efficient as needed.

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 To come up with a method to resolve these issues, Singapore Exchange Limited got Amazon Web
Services on board to utilize their experience in helping Singapore Exchange Limited move their setup to
the cloud, providing increased efficiency, scalability, and dependability. Singapore Exchange Limited
was able to shut down its mainframes and move from archaic architecture toward modularized platforms
that enable an open application programming interface. The future state for Singapore Exchange Limited
is to implement and expand this cloud-based technology throughout their systems to improve effective
reach and meet the needs of their customer's demands.

When Singapore Exchange Limited tried to study and explore blockchain they realized Smart contracts
and distributed ledgers could be used and aligned with the regulations to create a unique digital end-to-
end marketplace they discovered the infrastructure of blockchain is heavily regulated and requires a
deeper understanding to implement and operate. When Singapore Exchange Limited got deeper in hyper
ledger fabric and smarts contract, they made the mistake of deploying the nodes onto physical servers
and then connecting them with each other with the same archaic ethernet cables to build their network
and soon realized doing this defeated the main purpose and had the same existing issues they are trying
to get rid of.

To solve these issues Singapore Exchange Limited decided to transfer its current Hyperledger fabric over
to Amazon Managed Blockchain which not only reduced the overhead cost but also resolved the
management issues of the platform thus allowing what they wanted to achieve, building scalable
blockchain networks. With the help of Amazon, web services Professional Services Singapore Exchange
Limited was able to set up a blockchain rather quickly and even gave them the opportunity to start
experimenting with it. Having implemented the shared ledger for transactions, Singapore Exchange
Limited was able to process trade settlements even quicker and is expected to save up to 60 percent of
the time that was needed due to the previous reliance on the intermediary where information was flowing
back and forth just for authentication.

8b. Managing pension risk with Amazon Managed Blockchain

Insurance has become a vital part of career planning whether it is for healthcare, home, or automobile.
However, the concept of reinsurance is less known, and people are unfamiliar with the value it brings
to smooth functioning of financial markets and for the protection of insured entities around the world.
Reinsurance to be put in simple words is the “insurance on insurance”. Although it sounds obscure ,
the complicated business rules can make it a tedious labor-intensive process.

Amazon web services are one of the prominent providers of blockchain technology for handling
reinsurance in many financial companies. Legal & General (L&G), being the largest provider of retail
life insurance and investment management in the United Kingdom, fell short of an efficient way to deal
with the complexity of reinsuring its assets worth $1.27 trillion (Maarten Ectors, 2019) Introduction of
blockchain through AWS made this complex process, as stated by the L&G officials “efficient,
affordable and effective” .

In Pension risk transfer , members of the pension fund receive a guaranteed payment from insurance
companies. Several existing systems failed to incorporate this business process due to the lack in
combination of auditability, security, and flexibility. AWS realized the potential of application of
blockchain technology in the PRT area and have been successful in its implementation. AWS were
persuaded that blockchain is interestingly fit to the drawn-out nature of annuities, as it permits
information and exchanges to be marked, recorded, and kept safely for over 50 years which is near
about the lifetime of these agreements. It empowers gatherings to trade and concur upon information,
to sign the information carefully and cryptographically, and to guarantee that the information is totally
detectable throughout any timeframe — all without the requirement for a centralized authority. All
individuals keep a duplicate of the ledger database, providing independence and transparency value.

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 Blockchain immutable and “turn back the clock” are the standout features which makes it efficient
and trustworthy. In a contract which would last for lifetime the technology would help in understanding
the commonalities like who made which change and when , who agreed to them and the impact these
actions had on the agreement or contract. Blockchain also offers credibility by providing a single
unaltered version throughout the lifetime of the contract.

Blockchain incorporated another business concept which was enabling rapid execution of agreements
and transaction reconciliation , which are difficult to follow through in contact handling by excel
spreadsheets or database technology using SQL interfaces. These processes are handled through smart
contracts which basically are automated complex transaction logic enabled with one-click execution.
Smart contracts are widely used for most of the administrative procedures like claims, financial
reporting, and pricing management to create a streamline environment for the reinsurance marketplace.

AWS has developed a blockchain solution mainly to deal with such business procedures called Estuare
which has proven to be efficient to cut monthly reconciliation to minutes considering the lower cost
and agility in the pension risk transfer market. And its ability to quickly setup , manage and invite
partners to the network with ease reduces the complexity of building foundational infrastructure for the
recipient company.

8c. How Sony is protecting rights of Digital creators using blockchain based on AWS
Evolving methods to listen to music, where creators are using online services to create new music, has
also created challenges for protecting the copyrights of creators. To ensure that musicians are being
compensated for their hard work, digital rights management and copyright verification are the keys.
The copyright’s inception is from the first day of content creation and then can be transferred to other
parties for use for a predetermined remuneration this system needs to be able to identify the copyright
owners and the jurisdiction involved to determine accurate compensation for the owners.

Nowadays the copyright flow is a tedious process and rightly so because it is designed to keep checks
thus involves back and forth verification of the content between different parties. The parties involved
can be music companies, copyright authorities or retail music services. When the content flows between
these parties the copyright is verified by their own independent system which is not accessible by other
parties thus making this a tedious labor-intensive process where there are chances of loss of information
making this process extremely complex with some exceptions where physical documentation is required.
After all these intermediaries are satisfied the content is finally available for the listener.

With the increase of the streaming services, this system is under immense strain as they were designed
for the non-digital music industry and not for today’s digital age where music is being listened to globally.
For example, if a user streams a song on a streaming service the platform must obtain performance rights
and on top of that also pay royalties to the respective creators according to the contracts. Having this
immense load on the system has driven up costs making it difficult for new and emerging content creators
to break through into the industry and hindering creativity as it requires a long time to acquire the
appropriate license to use music.

The Amazon managed blockchain solution is to implement a peer-to-peer blockchain network where each
stakeholder has the access to the shared ledger which will independently do the previously tedious task
of copyrights verification because the system is a lot more secured, and it cannot be changed, and all
parties can validate transaction without even being indirect contact with each other. Sony Music
Entertainment (Japan), Inc decided to take on this challenge and thought to build a blockchain-based
system to handle DRM transactions to help creators, but this required the selection of the correct platform
that would as managing the system itself would take time and cost, so they looked at amazon managed
blockchain which used open-source frameworks like Ethereum and hyper ledger Fabric. The DRM
system implementation can be achieved by developing a user-specific blockchain so that whenever a
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 consumer acquires rights the system will create a block that will store all the details and then can be sent
as encryption data to other parties who will have access after the user rights blockchain.

9. Future of Amazon Managed Blockchain

The blockchain technology enables developers to create apps that lets numerous parties perform
transactions without the necessity for a trusted central authority. Building a scalable blockchain network
using present technologies is currently difficult to set up and administer. Using just a few clicks, you can
construct and administer a scalable blockchain network with Fully Managed Blockchain. Amazon
Managed Blockchain removes the effort it takes to set up the network, and it scales automatically to meet
the demands of thousands of applications processing millions of transactions. Managed Blockchain
makes it simple to administer and maintain your blockchain network once it is up and running. It keeps
track of your certificates, allows you to effortlessly invite new members to the network, and administers
your certificates.

As our reliance on digital technology grows, so is our ability to create and manage humongous data in
more secure and reliable ways. Traditional databases have now proven to be inadequate for decentralized,
encrypted, and distributed database implementations. As such ,Amazon QLDB addresses these issues by
delivering a journal-first, purpose-built solution with the familiarity and ease of use of a database, as well
as data integrity properties like immutability and cryptographic verifiability. This facilitates organizations
to focus on innovative potential to benefit their clients and the world, whilst still fostering the trust
focusing on digital transformation. Cloud and blockchain technology together offer immense capability
to create positive results, as they synchronize to offer the most feasible business solutions. Many
companies are shifting their focus from current architecture to imbibing blockchain technology and
deploying them using amazon offered cloud solutions.

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