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Acuity Educare

ADVANCED WEB
PROGRAMMING
SEM : V
SEM V: UNIT 2

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Q. List and explain different files and folder in ASP.NET web application.

ASP.NET File Types: - ASP.NET applications can include many types of files. Below table
show list of files.

File Name Description

.aspx These are ASP.NET web pages. They contain the user
interface and, optionally, the underlying application code.
Users request or navigate directly to one of these pages to
start our web application

.ascx These are ASP.NET user controls. User controls are similar to
web pages, except that the user can’t access these files
directly. Instead, they must be hosted inside an ASP.NET
web page. User control allow you to develop a small piece of
user interface and reuse it in as many web forms as you want
without repetitive code.

web.config This is the configuration file for your ASP.NET application. It

includes settings for customizing security, state
management, memory management, and much more.

global.asax This is the global application file. You can use this file to
define global variables (variables that can be accessed from
any web page in the web application) and react to global
events (such as when a web application first starts).

.cs These are code-behind files that contain C# code. They allow
you to separate the application logic from the user interface
of a web page.

ASP.NET Web Folders.

Every web application starts with a single location, called the root folder. However, in a
large, well-planned web application.
Directory Description
App_Code Contains source code files that are dynamically compiled for
use in our application

App_GlobalResources Stores global resources that are accessible to every page

in th web application. This directory is used in
localization scenarios,when we need to have a website in
more than one language.

App_Data Stores data, including SQL Server Express database files

App_Themes Stores the themes used to standardize and reuse

that are formatting in
our web application.

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Q. Explain the three layer architecture of ASP.NET.

Asp.net architecture consists of 3 layers as follows:

Presentation Layer
The presentation layer consists of the Asp.net page that manages the appearance
of application. This layer can include bound data controls and ObjectDataSource
objects that bind data controls to the data.
Middle Layer
The middle layer contains the data access classes that manage the data access for
the application. This layer can also contain business objects that represent business
entities such as customers, products or employee and that implement business rules
such as credit and discount policies.
Database Layer
This layer consists of the database that contains the data for the application. Ideally
the SQL statement that do the database access should be saved in stored procedure
within the database, nut the SQL statement are often stored in the data access
classes.

Q. Explain ASP.NET Life Cycle Page.

ASP.NET life cycle specifies, how:

ASP.NET processes pages to produce dynamic output
The application and its pages are instantiated and processed
ASP.NET compiles the pages dynamically
When a page is requested, it is loaded into the server memory, processed and sent to
the browser. Then it is unloaded from the memory. At each of this steps, methods and
events are available, which could be overridden according to the need of the application.

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Following are the different stages of an ASP.Net page:

Page request
When ASP.Net gets a page request, it decides whether to parse and compile the page or
there would be a cached version of the page; accordingly the response is sent Starting
of page life cycle: At this stage, the Request and Response objects are set. If the
request is an old request or post back, the IsPostBack property of the page is set to
true.
Page initialization
At this stage, the controls on the page are assigned unique ID by setting the UniqueID
property and themes are applied.

Page load
At this stage, control properties are set using the view state and control state values.

Validation
Validate method of the validation control is called and if it runs successfully, the IsValid
property of the page is set to true.

Postback event handling

If the request is a postback (old request), the related event handler is called.

Page rendering
At this stage, view state for the page and all controls are saved.

Unload
The rendered page is sent to the client and page properties, such as Response and
Request are unloaded and all cleanup done.

Following are the page life cycle events:

PreInit() Init() InitComplete() LoadViewState() LoadPostData() PreLoad() Load()
LoadComplete() PreRender() PreRenderComplete() SaveStateComplete() UnLoad()

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Q. Differentiate between inline code and code behind

Q. Difference between HTML control and Web Server control.

HTML control Web Server control

HTML control runs at client side. ASP.Net controls run at server side.
We can run HTML controls at server Wecannot run ASP.Net Controls on client
side by adding attribute side as these controls have this
runat=”server”. attribute runat=”server” by default.
HTML controls are client side ASP.Net Controls are Server side controls,
controls, so it provides STATE management.
does not provide STATE
management.
HTML control does not require HTML control does not require rendering.
rendering.
As HTML controls runs on client As ASP.Net controls run on server side,
side, execution is fast. execution is slow.
HTML controls does not With ASP.Net controls, you have full support
support Object of Object oriented paradigm.
Oriented paradigm.
HTML control have limited set of ASP.Net controls have rich set of properties
properties and/or methods.
and/or methods.
<input type="text" <asp:TextBoxId="txtName"runat="server">
ID="txtName"> </asp:TextBox>

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Q. Short note on Page class.

When an ASP.NET page is requested and renders markup to a browser, ASP.NET

creates an instance of a class that represents our page. That class is composed not
only of the code that we wrote for the page, but also code that is generated by
ASP.NET.
Page Properties
Property Description
IsPostBack This Boolean property indicates whether this is the first time the
page is being run (false) or whether the page is being resubmitted
in response to a controlevent, typically with stored view state
information (true).
EnableViewState When set to false, this overrides the EnableViewState property of the
contained controls, thereby ensuring that no controls will maintain
state information.
Application This collection holds information that’s shared between all users
in our website. For example, we can use the Application collection to
count the number of times a page has been visited.
Session This collection holds information for a single user, so it can be
used different pages. For example, we can use the Session collection
to store the items in the current user’s shopping basket on an
e-commerce website.
Request This refers to an HttpRequest object that contains information about
the current web request. We can use the HttpRequest object to
get information about the user’s browser.
Response This refers to an HttpResponse object that represents the response
ASP.NET will send to the user’s browser

Q. Explain the use of global.asx and web.config files in ASP.NET application.

OR
Explain the files used to configure an ASP.NET Application.

The Global.asax file, also known as the ASP.NET application file, is an optional file
that contains code for responding to application-level events raised by ASP.NET or
by HttpModules.
The Global.asax file resides in the root directory of an ASP.NET-based application.
The Global.asax file is parsed and dynamically compiled by ASP.NET.
The Global.asax file itself is configured so that any direct URL request for it is
automatically rejected; external users cannot download or view the code written
within it.
The Global.asax file does not need recompilation if no changes have been made to
it. There can be only one Global.asax file per application and it should be located in
the application's root directory only.
The Global.asax contains two types of events those are
Events which are fired for every request
Events which are not fired for every request

Events which are fired for every request:-

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Application_BeginRequest() – This event raised at the start of every request for the
web application. Application_EndRequest() – This event raised at the end of each
request right before the objects released.
Application_PreRequestHandlerExecute() – This event called before the appropriate HTTP
handler executes the request.
Application_PostRequestHandlerExecute() – This event called just after the request
is handled by its appropriate HTTP handler.
Events which are not fired for every request:-
Application_Start() – This event raised when the application starts up and
application domain is created.
Session_Start() – This event raised for each time a new session begins, This is a
good place to put code that is session-specific.
Application_Error() – This event raised whenever an unhandled exception occurs in
the application. This provides an opportunity to implement generic application-wide
error handling.
Session_End() – This event called when session of user ends.
Application_End() – This event raised just before when web application ends.
Application_Disposed() – This event fired after the web application is destroyed and
this event is used to reclaim the memory it occupies.
Web.Config
Configuration file is used to manage various settings that define a website. The
settings are stored in XML files that are separate from our application code. In
this way we can configure settings independently from our code.
Generally a website contains a single Web.config file stored inside the application root
directory. However there can be many configuration files that manage settings at
various levels within an application.
There are number of important settings that can be stored in the configuration file.
Some of the most frequently used configurations, stored conveniently inside
Web.config file are:
Database connections
Caching settings
Session States
Error Handling
Security
Benefits of XML-based Configuration files
ASP.NET Configuration system is extensible and application specific information can be
stored and retrieved easily. It is human readable.
We need not restart the web server when the settings are changed in configuration file.
ASP.NET automatically detects the changes and applies them to the running ASP.NET
application.
Configuration file looks like this
1. <configuration>
2. <connectionStrings>
3. <add name="myCon"connectionString=" server=MyServer; database=puran;
uid=abcd;pwd=abcd1234" />
4. </connectionStrings>
5. </configuration>

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Q. Explain TextBox control in ASP.NET with any five properties.

This is an input control which is used to take user input. To create TextBox either
we can write code or use the drag and drop facility of visual studio IDE.
This is server side control, asp provides own tag to create it. The example is given below.
< asp:TextBoxID="TextBox1" runat="server" ></asp:TextBox>

This control has its own properties that are tabled below.

Property Description
Text It is used to set text to be shown for the control.

MaxLength It is used to set maximum number of characters that can

be entered.
Readonly It is used to make control readonly.

TextMode It used to determine behavior of control. Possible value

are Single / Multiline
/ Password
CausesValidation true/false – It is used to enable or disable validation effect
on control
Example:
Assign a text to TextBox control when Button click event fires using c#

C# code for above TextBox ExampleC#

protected void btndisplay_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){
TextBox1.Text = "Asp.net";
}
protected void btnclear_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){
TextBox1.Text = "";
}

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Q. What is the difference between buttons, Link Buttons and Image

Buttons? Explain any three common button attributes.

These controls differ only in how they appear to the user. A button displays text
within a rectangular area. A Link button displays text that look like a hyperlink and
an image button displays an image.
LinkButton control is a control just like a Button control along with the
flexibility to make it look like a Hyperlink. It implements an anchor <a/> tag
that uses only ASP.NET postback mechanism to post the data on the server.
Despite being a hyperlink, we can't specify the target URL. ImageButton
control is used to post the form or fire an event either client side or server side.
It’s like a asp:Button control, the only difference is, we have the ability to place
our own image as a button. ImageButton control is generally used to post the
form or fire an event either client side or server side.
Button control is used to post the form or fire an event either client side or
server side. Button control is generally used to post the form or fire an event
either client side or server side. When it is rendered on the page, it is generally
implemented through <input type=submit> HTML tag.

Q.Explain CheckBox and RadioButton web server controls in ASP.NET.

CheckBox:
CheckBox control is an asp.net web server control. CheckBox control visually as
square on web forms. The Checkbox control allow user to check square or uncheck
square. In CheckBox control check and uncheck checkbox specify by the checked
property of check box true or false.
Basic syntax for check box:
<asp:CheckBox ID= "chkoption" runat= "Server"></asp:CheckBox>
CheckBox properties:
AutoPostBack:Specifies whether the form should be posted immediately after
the Checked property has changed or not. Default is false
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CausesValidation:Specifies if a page is validated when a Button control is clicked

Checked:Specifies whether the check box is checked or not
Id:A unique id for the control
Text: The text next to the check box
Event:
OnCheckedChanged
The name of the function to be executed when the checked property has changed

RadioButton
Radiobutton isasp.net web server control. Radiobutton is used to allow user to select a
single radiobutton from group of radiobutton. In asp.net generally we use more
than one radiobutton and select only one radiobutton at a time from all the
radiobutton control. On other hand in checkbox control we can check and uncheck
multiple check box at a time.
Basic syntax for radio button:

<asp:RadioButton ID= "rdboption" runat= "Server"></asp: RadioButton>

RadioButton properties:
AutoPostBack:A Boolean value that specifies whether the form should be posted
immediately after the Checked property has changed or not. Default is false
Checked : A Boolean value that specifies whether the radio button is checked or not
id a unique id for the control
GroupName : The name of the group to which this radio button belongs
Text : The text next to the radio button

Q. Explain Listbox with properties and methods.

ListBox control is an asp.net web server control. ListBox control used to store the
multiple items and allow user to select multiple item from ListBox control.
ListBox control is same as dropdownlist control.
The dropdownlist control allow user to select maximum only one item at a time, on
other hand ListBox control allow user to select multiple items same time. So we can
also say ListBox is multi- row selection box control.
In a ListBox control there is a SelectionMode property to change the mode of section
from single to multiple. By default ListBox control selection mode is single if we want
to select multiple items from ListBox, then just change the SelectionMode property
to multiple.

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<asp:ListBox ID="dropStatic" runat="server">

<asp:ListItem Text="Red" Value="red"></asp:ListItem>
<asp:ListItem Text="Blue" Value="blue"></asp:ListItem>
<asp:ListItem Text="Green" Value="green"></asp:ListItem>
</asp:ListBox>
Some properties are

Following are the important methods and events:

GetSelectedIndices
Gets the array of index values for currently selected items in the ListBox control.
public virtual int[] GetSelectedIndices()
Say for example, if ID of the list box is ‘ListBox1’ then the following code displays
all selected items from the list box to a label with ID ‘Label1’.
int[] x = ListBox1.GetSelectedIndices(); Label1.Text = "";
for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
Label1.Text += ListBox1.Items[x[i]].Text + "<br>";
SelectedIndexChanged
SelectedIndexChanged event occurs when the selection from the list control
changes between posts to the server.
OnSelectedIndexChanged
OnSelectedIndexChanged method raises the SelectedIndexChanged event.
This allows you to provide a custom handler for the event.

Q. What is the difference between List Box and Drop-Down Lists? List and
explain any three common properties of these controls.

List boxes are used in cases where there are small numbers of items to be selected. In
contrast, drop-down lists are typically used with larger list so that they don’t take up
much space on the page.
A list box lets a user select one or more items from the list of items. A drop-
down list lets a user choose an item from the drop-down list of items.
Following are common properties of ListBox and DropDownList:

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Properties Description
Items Gets the collection of items from the dropdown box.
SelectedValue Get the value of the Selected item from the dropdown box.
SelectedIndex Gets or Sets the index of the selected item in the dropdown box.
SelectedItem Gets the selected item from the list.

Q. Explain any five Methods/Property of List Item collection objects.

Q. Explain Sorted, SelectedMode, MultiColumn, SelectedItem and

SelectedIndex properties of ListBox control.

Sorted
The Sorted property set to true, the ListBox items are sorted. The following code
snippet sorts the ListBox items.
listBox1.Sorted = true;
Selected Mode:
SelectionMode property defines how items are selected in a ListBox. The
SelectionMode value can be one of the following four SelectionMode enumeration
values. None - No item can be selected. One - Only one item can be selected.
MultiSimple - Multiple items can be selected. MultiExtended - Multiple items can
be selected, and the user can use the SHIFT, CTRL, and arrow keys to make
selections.
listBox1.SelectionMode = SelectionMode.MultiSimple;
ListBox1.SetSelected(1, true);
listBox1.SetSelected(2, true);
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MultiColumn:
A multicolumn ListBox places items into as many columns as are needed to make vertical
scrolling unnecessary. The user can use the keyboard to navigate to columns that are not
currently visible. Set the HorizontalScrollbar property to true to display a horizontal scroll
bar that enables the user to scroll to columns that are not currently shown in the visible
region of the ListBox. The value of the ColumnWidth property determines the width of
each column.
listBox1.MultiColumn = true;
SelectedItem
Gets or sets the currently selected item in the ListBox. We can get text associated
with currently selected item by using Items property.
string selectedItem = listBox1.Items[listBox1.SelectedIndex].ToString();
SelectedIndex
Gets or sets the zero-based index of the currently selected
item in a ListBox.
listBox1.SelectedIndex = 1;

Q. Explain Table control with example in ASP.NET

Table control is used to structure a web pages. In other words to divide a page into
several rows and columns to arrange the information or images. When it is rendered
on the page, it is implemented through <table> HTML tag. We can simply use
HTML <table> control instead of using <asp:Table> control. However many of one
benefits of using <asp:Table> control is we can dynamically add rows or columns at
the runtime or change the appearance of the table. Following are some important
properties that are very useful.
BackImageUrl Used to set background image of the table
Caption Used to write the caption of the table.
Example:
ASP.NET code for a table control
<asp:Table ID="Table1" runat="server" Height="123px" Width="567px">
<asp:TableRow runat="server">
<asp:TableCell runat="server"></asp:TableCell>
<asp:TableCell runat="server"></asp:TableCell>
<asp:TableCell runat="server"></asp:TableCell>
</asp:TableRow>
<asp:TableRow runat="server">
<asp:TableCell runat="server"></asp:TableCell>
<asp:TableCell runat="server"></asp:TableCell>
<asp:TableCell runat="server"></asp:TableCell>
</asp:TableRow>
<asp:TableRow runat="server">
<asp:TableCell runat="server"></asp:TableCell>
<asp:TableCell runat="server"></asp:TableCell>
<asp:TableCell runat="server"></asp:TableCell>
</asp:TableRow>
</asp:Table>
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Q. Explain Multiview and View control with example in ASP.NET

MultiView Control is an asp.net web server control. Multiview Control is a same as

Tab control. If we want make a complex designing on one web forms then you have
to use multiview control.
MltiView control is a container of several view control. In a multiview control
there are many view control for designing separation of view for user.
The View control is a container of several web server controls. Using the
multiview control we can feel the multiple page view design on a single web
page.
We can also say multiview control allow user to create different view on single web
page. There are many view control in a multiview control, each view control has
some web server control for design web page. We can see single view at a time on
web page by specify the ActiveViewIndex property of multiview control.
All view control assign automatically index to all it, the index always start from zero.
The first view1 index is zero, second is one and so on, If we want to display first
view on web page, then we need to write MultiView1.ActiveViewIndex=0.
Prefix for MultiView control is mv
Prefix for View control is v
The MultiView control has the following important properties:

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Q. Explain Adrotator control with example in ASP.NET

The AdRotator is one of the rich web server control of asp.net. AdRotator control is
used to display a sequence of advertisement images as per given priority of image.
Adrotator control display the sequence of images, which is specified in the external
XML file. In xml file we indicate the images to
display with some other attributes, like image impressions, NavigateUrl,
ImageUrl, AlternateText.
In Adrotator control images will be changed each time while refreshing the web page.
AdRotator Control Example in ASP.Net

The basic syntax of adding an AdRotator is as follows:

<asp:AdRotator runat = "server" AdvertisementFile = "adfile.xml" />
The advertisement file is an XML file, which contains the information about the
advertisements to be displayed.
There are the following standard XML elements that are commonly used in the

advertisement file:

The following code illustrates an advertisement file ads.xml:

<Advertisements>
<Ad>
<ImageUrl>rose1.jpg</ImageUrl>
<NavigateUrl>http://www.1800flowers.com</NavigateUrl>
<AlternateText>
Order flowers, roses, gifts and more
</AlternateText>
<Impressions>20</Impressions>
<Keyword>flowers</Keyword>
</Ad>

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<Ad>
<ImageUrl>rose2.jpg</ImageUrl>
<NavigateUrl>http://www.babybouquets.com.au</NavigateUrl>
<AlternateText>Order roses and flowers</AlternateText>
<Impressions>20</Impressions>
<Keyword>gifts</Keyword>
</Ad>
<Ad>
<ImageUrl>rose3.jpg</ImageUrl>
<NavigateUrl>http://www.flowers2moscow.com</NavigateUrl>
<AlternateText>Send flowers to Russia</AlternateText>
<Impressions>20</Impressions>
<Keyword>russia</Keyword>
</Ad>
</Advertisements>
Create a new web page and place an AdRotator control on it.
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<asp:AdRotator ID="AdRotator1" runat="server" AdvertisementFile ="~/ads.xml"
onadcreated="AdRotator1_AdCreated" />
</div>
</form>

Q. Explain Calendar control with example in ASP.NET

ASP.NET provides a Calendar control that is used to display a calendar on the

Web page. This control displays a one-month calendar that allows the user to select
dates and move to the next and previous months.
By default, this control displays the name of the current month, day headings for
the days of the weeks, days of the month and arrow characters for navigation to
the previous or next month. The
class hierarchy for this control is as follows

Object->Control->WebControl->Calendar

The Calendar is complex, powerful Web server control that you can use to add
calendar feature to our web page. We can use calendar control display any date
between 0 A.D. and 9999A.D.The Calendar control is represented as:
<asp:Calendar ID="Calendar1" runat="server"></asp:Calendar>

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The Calendar control when rendered to a user browser, it generates an HTML <table>
element and a set of associated JavaScript. The Calendar control can be used to select a

single date or multiple dates. The SelectionMode property is used for this. The
SelectionMode properties are as:

Q. Explain any five common properties of web server controls.

Following are common properties of web server controls:

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Q. What is use of autopostback and runat properties?

AutoPostback or Postback is nothing but submitting page to server. AutoPostback is
webpage going to server, Server processes the values and sends back to same page
or redirects to different page.
HTML elements in ASP.NET files are, by default, treated as text. To make these
elements programmable, add a runat="server" attribute to the HTML element. This
attribute indicates that the element should be treated as a server control.
The runat="server" attribute indicates that the form should be processed on the
server. It also indicates that the enclosed controls can be accessed by server scripts.
AutoPostBack means that if any change happens on a control by the client, it should
postback to the server to handle that change at server side. If this property is set to
TRUE the automatic post back is enabled, otherwise FALSE. Default is FALSE.
Example
<asp:TextBox id= " t1" AutoPostBack="true" runat="server" />
Web server controls are created on the server and they require a runat="server"
attribute to work. This attribute indicates that the control should be treated as a
server control.

Q. Explain UrlEncode() and UrlDecode() methods in ASP.NET.

We cannot send special characters through query string. All special characters
should be encoded when you pass them through the query string. The encoded
string must be decoded at the receiver.
There are two methods to achieve this: UrlEncode and UrlDecode():
The main purpose of these two methods is to encode and decode the
URLrespectively. We need to encode the URL because some of the characters are not
safe sending those across browser.
Some characters are being misunderstood by the browser and that leads to data
mismatch on the receiving end. Characters such as a question mark (?), ampersand
(&), slash mark (/), and spaces might be truncated or corrupted by some
browsers.
UrlEncode()
This method is used to encode a string to be passed through URL to another web
page. URLencode replaces unsafe ASCII characters with a "%" followed by two
hexadecimal digits.
Syntax:
UrlEncode (string str )
UrlDecode()
This method is used to decode the encoded URL string. Decodes any %##
encoding in the given string.
Syntax:
UrlDecode (string str )

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Q. What is user control? How to create and use user control in ASP.NET Page.

A UserControl is a separate, reusable part of a page. We can put a piece of a page

in a UserControl, and then reuse it from a different location. A notable difference is
that User Controls can be included on multiple pages, while a page can't.
UserControls are used much like regular server controls, and they can be added
to a page declaratively, just like server controls can.
A big advantage of the UserControl is that it can be cached, using the OutputCache
functionality described in a previous chapter, so instead of caching an entire page,
we may cache only the UserControl, so that the rest of the page is still re-loaded on
each request.
Creation of UserControl:
Following steps are used to create UserControl.
Open Visual Studio.
"File" -> "New" -> "Project..." then select ASP.NET Webform Application.
Add a new web form.
To create a new UserControl, in Solution Expolrer, Add New Item, provide your File
Name and click Add
Design UserControl as per our requirement. Next step to use UserControl in .aspx
page. Add the following line below the standard page declaration:

<%@RegisterTagPrefix="My"TagName="UserInfoBoxControl"Src="~/UserInfoBoxCont
rol.ascx" %>

Make sure that the src value matches the path to your UserControl file. Now you
may use the UserControl in your page, like any other control. For instance, like this:

<My:UserInfoBoxControlrunat="server"ID="MyUserInfoBoxControl"/>

Q. Why we use validation controls? List various types of controls used in asp.net

Validation is important part of any web application. User's input must always be
validated before sending across different layers of the application.
Validation controls are used to:

Implement presentation logic.

To validate user input data.
Data format, data type and data range is used for validation.
Validation Controls in ASP.NET

An important aspect of creating ASP.NET Web pages for user input is to be able to
check that the information users enter is valid. ASP.NET provides a set of validation
controls that provide an easy-to- use but powerful way to check for errors and, if
necessary, display messages to the user.

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There are six types of validation controls in ASP.NET

RequiredFieldValidation Control
CompareValidator Control
RangeValidator Control
RegularExpressionValidator Control
CustomValidator Control
ValidationSummar

The below table describes the controls and their work:

Validation Control Description

RequiredFieldValidation Makes an input control a required field
CompareValidator Compares the value of one input control to the value of
another
input control or to a fixed value
RangeValidator Checks that the user enters a value that falls between
two values
RegularExpressionValidator Ensures that the value of an input control matches a
specified
pattern
CustomValidator Allows you to write a method to handle the validation
of the value
entered
ValidationSummary Displays a report of all validation errors occurred in a
Web page

Q. Explain following validation controls.

RequiredFieldValidator Control
The RequiredFieldValidator control is simple validation control, which checks to see
if the data is entered for the input control. We can have a RequiredFieldValidator
control for each form element on which you wish to enforce Mandatory Field rule.
The syntax of the control is as given:

<asp:RequiredFieldValidator ID="rfvcandidate" runat="server"

ControlToValidate="txtName" ErrorMessage="Please enter name
!!"></asp:RequiredFieldValidator>
RangeValidator Control
The RangeValidator Server Control is another validator control, which checks to see
if a control value is within a valid range. The attributes that are necessary to this
control are: MaximumValue, MinimumValue, and Type.

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It has three specific properties:

The syntax of the control is as given:

<asp:RangeValidator ID="rvclass" runat="server" ControlToValidate="txtclass"

ErrorMessage="Enter your class (6 - 12)"
MaximumValue="12" MinimumValue="6"
Type="Integer">
</asp:RangeValidator>

RegularExpressionValidator
The RegularExpressionValidator allows validating the input text by matching against a
pattern of a regular expression. The regular expression is set in the
ValidationExpression property.
The syntax of the control is as given:
<asp:RegularExpressionValidator ID="string" runat="server" ErrorMessage="string"
ValidationExpression="string" ValidationGroup="string">
</asp:RegularExpressionValidator

Q. What is the use of Compare Validator? Explain it along with its properties.

CompareValidator Control
The CompareValidator control allows you to make comparison to compare data entered
in an input control with a constant value or a value in a different control.
It can most commonly be used when you need to confirm password entered by the
user at the registration time. The data is always case sensitive.
It has the following specific properties:

The basic syntax of the control is as follows:

<asp:CompareValidator ID="CompareValidator1" runat="server"
ErrorMessage="CompareValidator">
</asp:CompareValidator>
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Example:

Small number:<br />

<asp:TextBox runat="server" id="txtSmallNumber" /><br />
<br /> Big number:<br />
<asp:TextBox runat="server" id="txtBigNumber" /><br />
<asp:CompareValidator runat="server" id="cmpNumbers"
controltovalidate="txtSmallNumber" controltocompare="txtBigNumber"
operator="LessThan" type="Integer" errormessage="The first number should be
smaller than the second number!" /><br />

Q. Explain the CustomValidator control with code

The CustomValidator control allows writing application specific custom validation routines
for both the client side and the server-side validation.
The client-side validation is accomplished through the ClientValidationFunction property.
The client- side validation routine should be written in a scripting language, such as
JavaScript or VBScript, which the browser can understand.
The server-side validation routine must be called from the control's ServerValidate event
handler. The server-side validation routine should be written in any .Net language, like C#
or VB.Net.
Below table shows the properties of CustomValidator.

Example:
In this below example we will simply check the length of the string in the TextBox. Custom
Text:<br />
<asp:TextBox runat="server" id="txtCustom" />
<asp:CustomValidator runat="server" id="cusCustom" controltovalidate="txtCustom"
onservervalidate="cusCustom_ServerValidate" errormessage="The text must be exactly 8
characters long!" />
<br /><br />
protected void cusCustom_ServerValidate(object sender, ServerValidateEventArgs e){
if(e.Value.Length == 8)
e.IsValid = true; else
e.IsValid = false;
}
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Q. Explain Menu control in ASP.NET

The Menu control is used to create a menu of hierarchical data that can be used to
navigate through the pages. The Menu control conceptually contains two types of items.
First is StaticMenu that is always displayed on the page, second is DynamicMenu that
appears when opens the parent item. Following steps are used to create Menu Control:
Toolbox > Navigation > Menu or add the following few lines of code snippet.
<asp:Menu ID="Menu1" runat="server" Orientation="Horizontal">
<Items>
<asp:MenuItem Text="HOME" NavigateUrl="~/Default.aspx" Selected="true" />
<asp:MenuItem Text="HTML" NavigateUrl="~/HTML.aspx">
<asp:MenuItem Text="HtmlTagList" NavigateUrl="~/HtmlTagList.aspx" />
</asp:MenuItem>

<asp:MenuItem Text="CSS" NavigateUrl="~/CSS.aspx">

<asp:MenuItem Text="CssSelectors" NavigateUrl="~/CssSelectors.aspx" />
</asp:MenuItem>
</Items>
</asp:Menu>

Below are the various Properties of Menu Control

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Q. When to use TreeView control in ASP.NET

ASP.NET TreeView Web control is used to display hierarchical data (such as a table of
contents) in a tree structure in a Web page.
The TreeView control is made up of TreeNode objects. The TreeView control can be bound
to data.

It supports the following features:

Automatic data binding, this allows the nodes of the control to be bound to hierarchical
data, such as an XML document.
Site navigation support through integration with the SiteMapDataSource control.
Node text that can be displayed as either selectable text or hyperlinks.
Customizable appearance through themes, user-defined images, and styles.
Programmatic access to the TreeView object model, which allows you to dynamically
create trees, populates nodes, set properties, and so on.
Node population through client-side callbacks to the server (on supported browsers).
The ability to display a check box next to each node.

<asp:TreeView ExpandDepth="1" runat="server">

<Nodes>
<asp:TreeNode Text="Employees">
<asp:TreeNode Text="Bradley" Value="ID-1234" />
<asp:TreeNode Text="Whitney" Value="ID-5678" />
<asp:TreeNode Text="Barbara" Value="ID-9101" />
</asp:TreeNode>
</Nodes>
</asp:TreeView>

Each node in the Tree is represented by a name/value pair (not necessarily unique),
defined by the Text and Value properties of TreeNode, respectively. The text of a
node is rendered, whereas the value of a node is not rendered and is typically used
as additional data for handling postback events.
This example also uses the ExpandDepth property of TreeView to automatically
expand the tree 1 level deep when it is first rendered.
The TreeView control is made up of one or more nodes. Each entry in the tree is called a
node and is represented by a TreeNode

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Q. Explain SiteMapPath control in ASP.NET

The SiteMapPath control basically is used to access web pages of the website from
one webpage to another. It is a navigation control and displays the map of the site
related to its web pages.
This map includes the pages in the particular website and displays the name of those
pages. We can click on that particular page in the Site Map to navigate to that page.
We can say that the SiteMapPath control displays links for connecting to URLs of other
pages.
The SiteMapPath control uses a property called SiteMapProvider for accessing data
from databases and it stores the information in a data source.
The representation of the SiteMapPath control is as follows:
Root Node->Child Node

Following steps are used to create Menu Control:

Toolbox > Navigation >SiteMapPath
Following are some important properties that are very useful.

ParentLevelsDisplayed : It specifies the number of levels of parent nodes and then

displays the control accordingly related to the currently displayed node.
RenderCurrentNodeAsLink : It specifies whether or not the site navigation node
that represents the currently displayed page is rendered as a hyperlink.

PathSeperator : It specifies the string that displays the SiteMapPath nodes in the
rendered navigation path.
Style properties of the SiteMapPath class
CurrentNodeStyle : It specifies the style used for the display text for the current node.
RootNodeStyle : It specifies the style for the root node style text.
NodeStyle : It specifies the style used for the display text for all nodes in the site
navigation path.
Sitemap file has been included in our project and we can see it in the Solution
Explorer. And now we have to set the URL and title attributes in the sitemap file.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<siteMap xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/AspNet/SiteMap-File-1.0" >

<siteMapNode url="Default.aspx" title="myhomepage" description="">
<siteMapNode url="myweb1.aspx" title="myfirstpage" description="" />
<siteMapNode url="myweb2.aspx" title="mysecondpage" description="" />
</siteMapNode>
</siteMap>

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