2022

OPERATING
SYSTEM

by Hanna Lei D. Noriel (BSIE-ICT-3A)

 WHAT IS AN OPERATING SYSTEM?

An operating system (OS) is the program that, after being initially loaded
into the computer by a boot program, manages all of the other application
programs in a computer. The application programs make use of the
operating system by making requests for services through a defined
application program interface (API). In addition, users can interact directly
with the operating system through a user interface, such as a
command-line interface (CLI) or a graphical UI (GUI)
 WHY USE AN OPERATING SYSTEM?

Reasons
It also allows you to communicate with the computer without knowing how to speak the
1
computer’s language.

It performs basic tasks such as file, memory and process management, handling input and
2
output, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers.

It maintains security and access rights of users. 3

It executes and provide services for applications software. 4

 HISTORY OF OPERATING SYSTEM

All programming was done in absolute machine

language, often by wiring up plugboards to control
the machine's basic functions.

The First Generation

(1940's to early 1950’s)

The Third Generation The Second Generation

(1965-1980) (1955-1965)

Operating systems designers were able to Timeline Operating systems in the 1950's were called
develop the system of multiprogramming single-stream batch processing systems
in which a computer program will be able because the data was submitted in groups.
to perform multiple jobs at the same time.

The Fourth Generation

(1980-Present Day)

The fourth generation of operating systems saw the

creation of personal computing. Today all of our electronic
devices run off of operating systems, from our computers
and smartphones, to ATM machines and motor vehicles.
 EXAMPLES OF AN OPERATING SYSTEM

MICROSOFT
WINDOWS 1 2 APPLE
MACOS

ANDROID
3 4 APPLE IOS

LINUX
5 THE MOST USED ONES
These are the most used Operating
Systems as of June 2022

Windows 76.33%
MacOS 14.64%
Linux 2.43%
Others 6.6%
 WINDOWS

The Windows OS has been around

since the 1980s and has had several
versions and updates (including
Windows 95, Windows Vista, Windows
7/8/10, etc.) Microsoft Windows is one
of the popular operating system types
and is preloaded on most new PC
hardware. With each new Windows
update or release, Microsoft continues
to work on improving their users’
experience, hardware, and software,
making Windows more accessible and
easier to use.
 EXAMPLES OF A WINDOWS OS

Windows 98 Windows XP Windows Vista

June 25, 1998 October 25, 2001 January 30, 2007

Windows 7 Windows 8 Windows 10

October 22, 2009 October 26, 2012 July 29, 2015
 APPLE MACOS

Head-to-head in the competition with

Microsoft Windows is Apple’s macOS.
macOS and Windows are both
examples of proprietary operating
systems, meaning that the company
conceptualized, designed, developed,
and now sells their own OS. They’re
designed and sold by the companies
and aren’t meant to be tampered with
or tweaked by users. Apple and
Macintosh computers run on the
proprietary macOS and OS X system,
the first of which launched 20 years
ago.
 EXAMPLES OF A MACOS

High Sierra Mojave Catalina

September 25, 2017 September 24, 2018 October 7, 2019

Big Sur Monterey Ventura

November 12, 2020 October 25, 2021 June 6, 2022
 ANDROID

The OS that companies including

Google use to run its Android mobile
smartphones and tablets is based on
Linux distribution and other open
source software. Android OS is the
primary OS for Google mobile devices
like smartphones and tablets. Android
has gained increasing popularity since
its release as an alternative to Apple’s
iOS for smartphone users and is
continuing to increase in popularity
with new updates and exciting
features.
 APPLE IOS

Apple's iOS is another mobile

operating system used exclusively for
iPhones, some of the most popular
mobile devices on the market. iOS
integrations have regular updates,
new expansions to software, and
continually are offering new features
for users even if they have older
devices. Many users appreciate the
unique user interface with touch
gestures, and the ease of use that iOS
offers. This operating system also
allows other Apple devices to connect,
giving users easy connections to other
devices or people.
 EXAMPLES OF AN APPLE IOS

IPhone IPad Ipod Touch

The iPhone is a smartphone The iPad is a touchscreen The iPod touch was Apple's
made by Apple that combines tablet PC made by Apple . The smallest handheld device,
a computer, iPod, digital original iPad debuted in 2010. measuring in at 123.4mm by
camera and cellular phone Apple has three iPad product 58.6mm by 6.1mm, with a
into one device with a lines: iPad, iPad mini and iPad 4-inch display.
touchscreen interface. Pro.
 LINUX

Linux is different from Windows and

Apple in that it’s not a proprietary
software, but rather a family of open
source systems. In other words,
anyone can modify and distribute it.
Linux may be the least known on this
list, but it’s free and available in many
different open source versions. Linux
is popular because of its ease of
customization and offers a variety of
options to those who understand how
to use it.
 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

1 2

Advantages Disadvantages
- User-Friendly - System Error
Interface OS - Expensive
- Data Protection - Complex Structure
- Sharing Resources - Threats from
viruses
 REFERENCES

https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/operating-system-OS
https://sites.google.com/site/optsytms/history-of-operating-systems
https://www.statista.com/statistics/218089/global-market-share-of-windows-7/
https://www.wgu.edu/blog/5-most-popular-operating-systems1910.html#close
 2022

THE
END

“Without an operating system, a computer is useless”