Q1

A bubble sort is carried out on this list to put it in ascending order.

8 3 2 4 0 3 9
The value '8' starts in position 0.
(i) State the number of passes required to complete the sort.
(1)
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(ii) State the number of swaps made on the final pass.
(1)
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(iii) State the component of an algorithm used to store whether a swap has been made during a pass.
(1)
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(iv) State the position of the item that will be compared with the value in position 0.
(1)
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(v) Define the term 'iteration'.
(1)
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(Total for question = 5 marks)

Q2

Binary strings can be used to represent numbers, text, and images.

Describe the result of carrying out an arithmetic shift right, one place, to an 8-bit binary integer.
(2)

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(Total for question = 2 marks)

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Q3

A computer operates as a binary digital device.

8-bit two's complement is used to represent the denary numbers -8 and -1.
Complete the table to show the binary addition on these two negative numbers.
(2)

(Total for question = 2 marks)

Q4

Computers carry out mathematical operations.

(i) Convert the binary number 00111101 to hexadecimal.

(2)
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(ii) Explain why hexadecimal notation is used.

(3)
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(Total for question = 5 marks)

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Q5

Convert the denary number 82 to 8-bit binary.

(2)
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(Total for question = 2 marks)

Q6

Identify the maximum number of values that can be represented with 5 bits.
(1)
A 5
B 16
C 25
D 32
(Total for question = 1 mark)

Q7

Binary strings can be used to represent numbers, text, and images.

Complete the table to calculate adding 12 in denary to −11 in denary using 8-bit notation and two's
complement.
(3)

(Total for question = 3 marks)

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Q8

Images can be represented as bitmaps.

(i) Define the term 'pixel'.
(2)
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(ii) Describe one way that changing the number of bits allocated to the colour depth determines how an
image is represented.
(2)
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(Total for question = 4 marks)

Q9

Analogue sound must be converted into a digital representation.

(i) State the name for the height of a sound wave.
(1)
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(ii) State one benefit and one drawback of increasing the bit depth of audio.
(2)
Benefit
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Drawback

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(Total for question = 3 marks)

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Q 10

Identify the reason why data capacity should be expressed in gibibytes rather than gigabytes.
(1)
A Gibibytes are consistent with the units used for data transmission
B Gibibytes represent binary multiples
C More data can be represented in gibibytes
D Processors have to carry out fewer operations when using gibibytes

(Total for question = 1 mark)

Q 11

The CPU carries out a process.

(i) Complete the diagram.
(2)

(ii) Identify the hardware component that carries instructions from memory to the CPU.
(1)
A Binary shift
B Control unit
C Data bus
D Register

(iii) State the component of the CPU that carries out additions and comparisons.
(1)
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(iv) State the reason why a higher clock speed is desirable.
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

(v) State the name of a bus that is unidirectional.

(1)

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(Total for question = 6 marks)

Q 12

Complete the diagram of an embedded system by adding labelled boxes and arrows to show one sensor
and one actuator that controls a motor.
(2)

(Total for question = 2 marks)

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Q 13

Computers carry out comparisons.

Complete the truth table.
(6)

(Total for question = 6 marks)

Q 14

The operating system controls the scheduling of processes.

Describe how the operating system uses scheduling to allocate processor time.
(4)
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(Total for question = 4 marks)

Q 15

Describe two ways an operating system manages processes.

(4)
1 ..........................................................................................................................................

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2 ..........................................................................................................................................

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(Total for question = 4 marks)

Q 16

The operating system manages peripherals.

Identify an additional piece of software that is required for the operating system to manage peripherals.
(1)
A Analogue to digital converter
B Assembler
C Device driver
D Disk defragmenter

(Total for question = 1 mark)

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Q 17
A checksum works at the transport layer of TCP / IP.
Describe how a checksum is used to identify packets that have been corrupted during transmission.
(3)
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(Total for question = 3 marks)

Q 18

Describe one disadvantage of using a bus topology.

(2)
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(Total for question = 2 marks)

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Q 19

Draw lines between these devices to show a fully-connected mesh network topology diagram:
(2)

(Total for question = 2 marks)

Q 20

Routers send packets that contain data around the internet.

State two other items found in a packet.
(2)
1 ..........................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

2 ..........................................................................................................................................

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(Total for question = 2 marks)

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Q 21

People use spoken commands to interact with digital assistants.

Explain one ethical concern associated with digital assistant technologies.
(2)
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(Total for question = 2 marks)

Q 22

Explain one way that a patent protects intellectual property (IP).

(2)
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(Total for question = 2 marks)

Q 23

Explain one reason why an employee who is logged on to the company network should not click on a link
in an email from an unknown source.
(2)
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(Total for question = 2 marks)

Q 24
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A backup of a server is made each night. Only the files changed that day are backed up.
Identify the name of this type of backup.
(1)
A Fragmented
B Full
C Incremental
D Lossy (Total for question = 1 mark)

Q 25

This notification appears on a computer screen.

(i) Name the type of malware used in this cyberattack.

(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

(ii) Explain one way that digital systems may be vulnerable to cyberattacks when users do not properly
maintain their software. (2)

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(Total for question = 3 marks)

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Q 26

State two environmental issues associated with the disposal of digital technology.
(2)
1 ..........................................................................................................................................

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2 ..........................................................................................................................................

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(Total for question = 2 marks)

Q 27

State two ways that a user can increase the useful life of a smartphone rather than throwing it away.
(2)
1 ..........................................................................................................................................

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2 ..........................................................................................................................................

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(Total for question = 2 marks)

Q 28

A computer operates as a binary digital device.

8-bit two's complement is used to represent the denary numbers -8 and -1.
Complete the table to show the binary addition on these two negative numbers.
(2)

(Total for question = 2 marks)

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Q 29

Here is an algorithm.

Complete the table to show the output for the given input.
(3)

(Total for question = 3 marks)

Q 30

Data is split up into packets for transmission over a network.

Identify the item included in a packet header.
(1)
A Data being sent
B Decryption key
C Media restriction indicator
D Packet number
(Total for question = 1 mark)

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