SULIET NEW YR Rina

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LISTENING PART A

LISTENING PART B C
STRUCTURE 2
READING
8) The phrase “strive for” in line 19 closest in meaning to
(A) try to achieve
(B) enjoy
(C) imitate
(D) believe in

9) According to the third paragraph, which of the following is the


primary concern of most inuit artists?
(A) depicting seasonal changes in animals
(B) demonstrating accurate naturalistic detail
(C) exaggerating physical characteristics for dramatic effect
(D) revealing the essence of their subjects spirit

10) according to the fifth paragraph, which of the following types of


activities would be LEAST likely to be represented in inuit art?
(A) Woman sewing clothes
(B) modern activities
(C) community games
(D) drum dancing
Passage 3 paleoanthropologists continues, as supporters of the two
There are two main hypotheses when it comes to explaining the hypotheses challenge the evidence and conclusions of each other.
emergence of modern humans. The ‘Out of Africa’ theory holds that homo
sapiens burst onto the scene as a new species around 150,000 to 200,000 1. The passage primarily discusses which of the following
years ago in Africa and subsequently replaced archaic humans such as the (a) Evidence that supports the “Out of Africa” theory
Neandertals. The other model, known as multi-regional evolution or (b) Two hypotheses and some evidence on the human origins debate
regional continuity, posits far more ancient and diverse roots for our kind. (c) The difficulties in obtaining agreement among theorists on the human
Proponents of this view believe that homo sapiens arose in Africa some 2 origins debate
million years ago and evolved as a single species spread across the Old (d) That fossils remain very much a part of the human origins debate
World, with populations in different regions linked through genetic and
cultural exchange.
2. The word “emergence” in line 1 is closest in meaning to
Of these two models, Out of Africa, which was originally (a) complexity
developed based on fossil evidence, and supported by much genetic
(b) development
research, has been favored by the majority of evolution scholars. The vast
(c) appearance
majority of these genetic studies have focused on DNA from living (d) decline
populations, and although some small progress has been made in
recovering DNA from Neanderthal that appears to support multi-
3. The word “proponents” in line 6 is closest in meaning to
regionalism, the chance of recovering nuclear DNA from early human
(a) experts
fossils is quite slim at present. Fossils thus remain very much a part of the
(b) advocates
human origins debate.
(c) inspectors
Another means of gathering theoretical evidence is through bones.
(d) historians
Examinations of early modern human skulls from Central Europe and
Australia dated to between 20,000 and 30,000 years old have suggested
4. All of the following are true except
that both groups apparently exhibit traits seen in their Middle Eastern and
(a) three methods of gathering evidence are mentioned in the passage
African predecessors. But the early modern specimens from Central
(b) The multi-regional model goes back further in history.
Europe also display Neandertal traits, and the early modern Australians
(c) the Out of Africa model has had more support from scholars
showed affinities to archaic Homo from Indonesia. Meanwhile, the
(d) DNA studies offer one of the best ways in future to provide
debate among
clear evidence.
5. The word “slim” in line 14 is closest in meaning to (c) the debate is likely to be less important in future
(a) small (d) there is little likelihood that the debate will die down
(b) narrow
(c) thin 10. According to the passage, the multi-regional evolution model posits far
(d) difficult more diverse roots for our kind because
(a) Evidence from examinations of early modern human skulls has come from
6. Which of the following is not true a number of different parts of the world.
(a) the vast majority of genetic studies have focused on living (b) DNA from Neandertal appears to support multi-regionalism
populations (c) Populations in different regions were linked through genetic and
(b) early modern human skulls all support the same conclusions cultural exchange.
(c) both hypotheses focus on Africa as a location for the new species. (d) This has been supported by fossil evidence
(d) early modern Australian skulls have similarities to those from
Indonesia.
PASSAGE 4
7. In line 18, the word “their ” refers to which of the following Although management principles have been implemented since ancient
(a) Middle Easterners and Africans times, most management scholars trace the beginning of modern management
(b) skulls thought back to the early 1900s, beginning with the pioneering work of
(c) central Europeans and Australians Frederick Taylor (1856-1915) Taylor was the first person to study work
(d) traits scientifically. He is most famous for introducing techniques of time and
motion study, differential piece rate systems, and for systematically
8. Which of the following is NOT true about the two hypotheses specializing the work of operating employees and managers. Along with other
(a) Both hypotheses regard Neandertals to be the predecessors of modern pioneers such as Frank and Lillian Gilbreth, Taylor set the stage, labeling his
humans philosophy and methods ―scientific management‘. At that time, his
(b) Genetic studies have supported both hypotheses philosophy, which was concerned with productivity, but which was often
(c) Both hypotheses cite Africa as an originating location. misinterpreted as promoting worker interests at the expense of management,
(d) One hypothesis dates the emergence of homo sapiens much was in marked contrast to the prevailing industrial norms of worker
earlier than the other. exploitation.
The time and motion study concepts were popularized by Frank and
9. It can be inferred from the passage that Lillian Gilbreth. The Gilbreths had 12 children. By analyzing his children‘s
(a) there is likely to be an end to the debate in the near future dishwashing and bedmaking chores, this pioneer efficiency
(b) the debate will interest historians to take part in
expert, Frank Gilbreth, hit on principles whereby workers could eliminate (C) by the early 1900s science had reached a stage where it could be
waste motion. He was memorialized by two of his children in their 1949 book applied to the workplace
called ―Cheaper by the Dozen‖.
(D) workers were no longer exploited after the introduction of scientific
The Gilbreth methods included using stop watches to time worker management.
movements and special tools (cameras and special clocks) to monitor and
study worker performance, and also involved identification of
―therbligs‖ (Gilbreth spelled backwards) – basic motions used in 43. The word “prevailing” in line 10 is closest in meaning to
production jobs. Many of these motions and accompanying times have been (A) predominant (B) broadly accepted (C) prevalent
used to determine how long it should take a skilled worker to perform a given (D) common
job. In this way an industrial engineer can get a handle on the approximate
time it should take to produce a product or provide a service. However, use of
work analysis in this way is unlikely to lead to useful results unless all five 44. According to the passage, Frank Gilbreth discovered how workers
work dimensions are considered: physical, psychological, social, cultural, and could eliminate waste motion by
power. (A) using special tools such as cameras and clocks
(B) using stop watches
40. What is the passage primarily about?
(C) applying scientific management principles
(A) The limitations of pioneering studies in understanding human
(D) watching his children do their chores
behavior
(B) How time and motion studies were first developed 45. The basic motions used in production jobs were given which one of
(C) The first applications of a scientific approach to understanding following names by Frank Gilbreth?
human behavior (A) dimensions (B) gilreths (C) therbligs
(D) The beginnings of modern management theory (D) monitors

46. According to the passage, the time it takes a skilled worker to


41. The word “which” in line 9 refers to perform the motion of a given job can be measured by using:
(A) scientific management (B) philosophy (A) stop watches (B) all five work dimensions
(C) productivity (D) time and motion study (C) special tools (D) therbligs
47. The word “motions” in line 20 is closest in meaning to
(A) stop watches (B) habits (C) actions (D)
42. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that special tools
(A) workers welcomed the application of scientific management
(B) Talor’s philosophy is different from the industrial norms
48. Where in the passage does the author comment that the principles of England in 1586, but the second group of colonists disappeared without
scientific management were often misunderstood? leaving a trace. The failure of the Gilbert and Raleigh ventures made it
(A) Lines 1-5 (B) Lines 6-10 (C) Lines 11-15 (D) Lines 16-20 clear that the tasks they had undertaken were too big for any one colonizer.
49. The word “dimensions” in line 24 is closest in meaning to Within a short time the trading company had supplanted the individual
(A) sizes (B) extents (C) aspects (D) standards promoter of colonization.

12. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the
50. All of the following are true except passage?
(A) scientific management was concerned with productivity.
(A) The Regulation of Trading Companies
(B) the beginnings of modern management thought (B) British - Spanish Rivalry in the New World
commenced in the 19th century. (C) Early Attempts at Colonizing North America
(C) Frank Gilbreth‘s fame was enhanced by two of his children
(D) Royal Patents Issued in the 16th Century
writing a book.
(D) analyzing work to increase productivity is not likely to be useful
13. The passage states which of the following about the first English
unless all of the dimensions are considered
people to be involved in establishing colonies in North America?
(A) They were requested to do so by Queen Elizabeth.
(B) They were members of large trading companies.
PASSAGE 5
(C) They were immediately successful.
The first English attempts to colonize North America were (D) They were acting on their own.
controlled by individuals rather than companies. Sir Humphrey Gilbert
was the first Englishman to send colonists to the New World. His initial 14. According to the passage, which of the following statements about
expedition, which sailed in 1578 with a patent granted by Queen Elizabeth Sir Humphrey Gilbert is true?
was defeated by the Spanish. A second attempt ended in disaster in 1583, (A) He never settled in North America.
when Gilbert and his (B) His trading company was given a patent by the queen.
ship were lost in a storm. In the following year, Gilbert's half brother, Sir (C) He fought the Spanish twice.
Water Raleigh, having obtained a renewal of the patent, sponsored an (D) He died in 1587.
expedition that explored the coast of the region that he named "Virginia."
Under Raleigh's direction efforts were then made to establish a colony on
Roanoke island in 1585 an6 1587. The survivors of the first settlement
on Roanoke returned to

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