Multicomponent Distillation of Propane, 11-Butene,

Butene, N-Butane,
N
Trans-2-Butene,
Butene, Cis
Cis-2-Butene & N-Pentane
Pentane
Mr. Meet Dave & Roshan Hirani
G. H. Patel College of Engineering & Technology

Problem Statement:-
Separation of propane, 1-butene, n-butane,
utane, Trans
Trans-2-butene, Cis-2-butene & n-pentane using simple and extractive
distillation.
System of unit:-
The system of unit used in the flowsheet is custom unit system 5 in which temperature is taken in ℃, pressure is taken in
bar, molar flow rate is taken in Kmol/h and mass flow rate is taken in Kg/h.

Background and Description:-

Separation of the various component from the mixture of the product is the important downstream process in the
petrochemical industries.. For the components in the mixture having high relative volatility can be easily separated by simple
distillation while the component in the mixture havhaving low relative volatility can’t be separated using simple distillation,
Hence they are separated using extractive distillation using suitable solvent. In this process 1-butene, propane and n-pentane
are separated using simple distillation while the mixture of nn-butane, Trans-2-butene & Cis-2-butene
Cis forms the azeotropic
mixture which is separated using mixture of the acetonitrile and acetone as solvent in the extractive
extr distillation.

In this flowsheet the separation of the mixture of propane, 1-butene, n-butane, Trans-2-butene, butene, Cis-2-butene
Cis & n-pentane
using simple and extractive distillation. Here, the distillation column (DC-01) and (DC-02) both are combined column each
having 75 stages are operated at constant nt pressure of 10bar. Here to avoid cryogenic condition in the distillation column
pressure of the feed ass well as the column was taken high to elevate boiling point. More volatile component
com mixture are
separated from column (DC-02) as the top product which is the mixture of propane and 11-butene. butene. While the bottom product
of column(DC-02) is then fed to (DC-01) from top, The less volatile component mixture of of n-butane, n n-pentane,Trans-2-
butene & Cis-2-butene is obtained as a bottom product of column (DC-01). The top product from the column (DC-02) ( is
then fed to column (DC-03) wheree simple dist distillation is carried out using 25 stages at the constant pressure
pre of 10 bar, As a
result propane is obtained as top product of column (DC-03) and 1-butene is obtained as thee bottom product of the same
column. The bottom product mixture from (DC DC-01) is the fed to the column (DC-04) where pentane is separated using
simple distillation using 20 stages at constant press
pressure
ure of 10 bar. While the top product from the column (DC-04) which is
the azeotropic mixture of the n-butane,
butane, Trans
Trans-2-butene & Cis-2-butene is the fed to the column (DC-05)
( where extractive
distillation is carried out using acetonitrile
trile and acetone as the solve
solvent. Column (DC-05 havingg 100 stages and operated at
constant pressure and solvent is fed at 2nd stage. Thus, n-butane is obtained as the top product and the th mixture of the Trans-
2-butene, Cis-2-butene, acetonitrile
rile and acetone is obtained as the bottom product of thee column (DC-05.)
(
Flowsheet:-
 Results:-

Object Feed Solvent Bottom Propane 1-Butene N-Pentane N--Butane Solvent Units
(S-01) (S-12) product (S-06) (S-07) (S-10) (S
(S-13) Residue
(S-08) (S-14)
Temperature 37.8 -262.03 83.4074 28.2879 74.59 125.79 18.93 79.41 °C
Pressure 10.33 1.01325 10.3352 103352 10.3352 10.3352 2.021 2.021 bar
Molar Flow 307.6 1194.22 251.35 4.2303 52.02 18.0756 142.65 1284.84 Kmol h
Molar 0.5031 0.0000 0.5763 9.69E-05 0.1898 0.0036 0.9142 0.0112
Fraction
(Mixture)
/N- Butane
Molar 0.0146 0.0000 4.49E
4.49E-20 0.9982 0.0053 2.05 E-19 1.95 E-19 2.21 E-22
Fraction
(Mixture) /
Propane
Molar 0.1476 0.0000 0.0233 0.0016 0.7600 6.57 E-05 0.0410 6.65 E-06
Fraction
(Mixture)
/1-Butene
Molar 0.1564 0.0000 0.1822
.1822 1.59E-05 0.0442 0.0023 0.0437 0.0307
Fraction
(Mixture)
/Trans-2-
butene
Molar 0.1193 0.0000 0.1459 8.35E-08 0.0000 0.0042 3.65 E-06 0.0284
Fraction
(Mixture)
/Cis-2-butene
Molar 0.0588 0.0000 0.0720 3.22E-21 1.4 E-19 0.9897 5.99 E-21 0.00016
Fraction
(Mixture) /N-
pentane
Molar 0.0000 0.6112 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00037 0.5678
Fraction
(Mixture)
/Acetonitrile
Molar 0.0000 0.3890 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
0.00063 0.3614
Fraction
(Mixture)
/Acetone