Assignment
Assignment
Conclusion
BPR proves to be effective if companies want to break the mold and turn the
tables to attain ambitious goals. For such cases, adopting any other process
management measures will not be that effective. BPR aims to provide an
organization the power to achieve all their desired objectives.
A BPR advances competence by extracting the limp and excess processes,
cost-cutting, and sharpen the management procedures. We measure
success by using the profitability metrics.
Question No 2
Make comparison of Business Process Re-engineering
and Total Quality Management with examples.
Answer No 2
Business Process Re-engineering (BPR)
According to Hammer and Champy (1993), BPR can be defined as
‘Reengineering the Corporation, a Manifesto for Business Revolution’.
Sometimes, BPR is used synonymously with business reengineering,
business process redesign, process innovation and business process
innovation. We use BPR as business process reengineering.
An organization can realize dramatic improvements through radical redesign
of its processes. This is in contrast to streamlining process in order to
achieve a higher level of performance. The above definition assumes that
the existing processes are not sound and need to be replaced. A properly
reengineered process can provide quantum leaps in performance and help
achieve breakthrough in providing value to the customer. The common
element that has to be noted is that, in a business enterprise, change occurs
across whole processes.
BPR Phases
Business process reengineering is implemented in 3 phases, analysis, design,
and implementation phases. Implementation of all these phases should be
followed by communication throughout the organization.
The analysis phase of BPR starts with the analysis of the process to be
reengineered. The requirements for the new process are forecasted by
focusing on the current and future needs of the customer, analyzing what is
currently accomplished by the old process, creating a vision of what is to be
achieved by the reengineered process, and zeroing in on the distinction
between the two. The main aim of the analysis phase is to give the
reengineering team a deep understanding of reality. If a pressing need for
process change is revealed in the analysis phase, the reengineering team
proceeds with the design phase.
The design phase of BPR deals with the design of the reengineered process
that begins with the mapping of the new process to the development of a
change management plan. Between the mapping step and change
development plan step, the jobs are redefined and redesigned and the
available technology and organization resources are evaluated.
The implementation phase of BPR involves reengineered process/steps
execution, testing of the new steps/processes, and gathering performance
feedback. The new process is tested, and the performance is evaluated
through feedback. Continuous improvement of business processes
promotes a better customer experience.
For Example
Business processes are happening much differently than they used to 20
years ago. Currently, there’s more emphasis on innovation and smart
automation.
Back in the day, reengineering processes in a company was a huge effort
that required a lot of people, resources, and money.
Now, modern approaches and technology allow you to quickly and
effortlessly reengineer all types of procedures.
What processes can you re-engineer? All of them, depending on your needs,
for example:
Onboarding new employees or clients
Product development process
The process of selling a product
Creating copy for your blog, website, or store (these usually include
research, SEO practices, the process of writing, proofreading and
editing, etc.)
Question No 4
How does the business organization deal customer
friendly for getting competitive edge in the market in
your view? Discuss with examples.
Answer No 4
Customer Friendly Service
As markets mature and competition intensifies, products and services
converge, and companies become increasingly hard to differentiate. But if
you want to generate growth and who doesn’t? you must find ways to stand
out. And one of the most effective ways to do that is to offer a better
customer experience than your competitors.
Customers have never been more spoilt for choice, so you must ensure your
company is focused on them like never before. Offering a consistently
excellent experience to your customers whoever they engage with and for
whatever reason is arguably your best way to generate loyalty.
This is about putting your customers’ needs at the heart of everything, then
ensuring they have the best possible experience at every touch point and
throughout every type of transaction. Get it right and satisfaction will grow,
service costs will fall, and you will stand a better chance of generating the
kind of loyalty that could even turn a customer into an ambassador for your
company.
Consumers are no longer willing to settle for bad or even mediocre
experiences. In turn, this means, every misstep, no matter how minor,
creates an opening for companies to gain market share by outshining their
competitors.
Delivering an exceptional customer experience is quite possibly the most
important competitive advantage for any business, regardless of size or
sector.
Customer Experience
Customer experience represents the overall emotional journey throughout
the buying cycle from the moment a customer discovers a brand to the
point of purchase and beyond. Customer experience includes every piece of
content they read, every conversation with the service team, every
interaction they have with a product.
It’s also a good time to clear up a common misconception: customer
experience and customer service are not interchangeable terms.
Customer service represents just one slice of the total experience and refers
to the direct interactions that a customer has with front-line employee’s
customer success teams, sales reps, tech support, etc.
Customer experience on the other hand, measures overall customer
perception based on the sum of every touchpoint they interact with directly
or indirectly. This includes preconceived notions someone might have about
a brand as well as direct interactions with a human rep, marketing
communications, press mentions, and more.
Customer Experience as a Competitive
Advantage
Customer experience has become a major differentiator across all
industries.
Conversocial’s State of Customer Experience Trends 2021 report found that
22% of customers said they consider a great experience to be more
important than price.
According to Zen Desk, brands that prioritized Customer experience pre
pandemic are already at an advantage. Companies with mature Customer
experience strategies are more than six times as likely to exceed customer
retention targets than those that haven’t made Customer experience a
priority.
Slow movers risk falling even further behind as customer expectations
continue to rise and brands invest more into the technology and training
that enables them to compete on experience.
Great Experience = Increased Loyalty
The real advantage of Customer experience is keeping customers happy so
that they keep being customers.
You’ve probably come across these oft-cited stats:
Most of your business comes from your existing customers
It’s cheaper to market to your current customers than chasing after new
ones.
If an organization cares about its reputation and wants satisfied and loyal
customers, they’ll invest in Customer experience.
Good Customer experience not only helps organizations retain customers,
but it enables them to leverage their reputation to attract new ones.
But customers are more impatient than ever. While customers are happy to
stick with solutions that work for them, they won’t think twice about
jumping ship when they run into trouble. In other words, you need to
continuously earn their business. Once they’re gone, it proves difficult to
regain their trust and have them return to your product or service. Winning
back customers is an expensive effort. If companies don’t stay ahead of the
curve, products and businesses will fail
Customer experience is much more than excellent
service and competitive prices. It’s the foundation for building and
sustaining a successful brand. But leveraging Customer experience as a
competitive advantage depends on great data, a customer-centric culture,
and technology that empowers the entire team to deliver a quality
experience.
Question No 5
What are various strategies to be formulated in the
business organization to concentrate on output rather
than inputs? Discuss with examples.
Answer No 5
Three ways to increase focus on output
Businesses need to produce outputs, but many people working in
organizations think about their work in terms of inputs.
What’s an input? I mean things like:
Making 20 sales calls a day (the output would be actual profitable sales).
Implementing a new performance management IT system (the output would
be higher performing, more promotable people).
Writing reports (the output could be making a good decision and getting
support for the follow-through implementation).
People often think their job is done when they’ve completed their inputs,
but success all has to do with outputs.
Think about it this way: if you go and see a comedian, you don’t care how
much work they put into writing their act and practicing it. You care that you
laugh. If you don’t laugh, it doesn’t matter that the comedian sweated, and
put a lot of time and money into the creation of the act.
For whatever reason though maybe educators give too much credit to
students for showing their work even if the answer is wrong, maybe being
able to say “But I worked hard” is often an acceptable excuse, maybe there’s
a vestigial Puritanism that values hard work for its own sake the fact is that
there is a human tendency to focus on inputs.
This isn’t just about individual productivity, it’s also about teams and
organizations as a whole: most meetings agendas I see are lists of issues.
And issues are inputs.
So if you lead a team or organization, the challenge is to keep everyone’s
focus on the outputs. Here are three of the fastest ways:
1. If you must hold a meeting, then instead of an agenda that’s a long list
of issues, have an agenda that’s a very short list of objectives, with
clear evidence criteria for when you have succeeded.
2. Delegate responsibility for producing results, not merely for following
a sequence of steps in a process.
3. Make sure that people who produce results are conspicuously
recognized and rewarded above and beyond those who just
completed the checklist. The rewards don’t always have to be
financial. The people you are looking for will be most encouraged by
juicier assignments, high-level mentoring or promotions.
Output-Driven Management
Output-driven management is based on goals and criteria. You present the
problem to your employees, thereby giving the goal and the results that
must be achieved. Together with the preconditions for the solution, your
employees have everything they need to get to work.
It makes sense to manage your employees in this way. Your employees get
all the freedom and space to show their creativity and use their strengths.
And aren’t those the reasons why you hired this specific employee? You
provide direction and vision with output control, formulate the perfect
picture and leave the input to your employees. They determine the concrete
path to follow in order to achieve the goal.
Output Control in Practice
Yet in practice, it often goes differently. Managers generally have difficulty
with output control. Output control requires a lot of trust in the employees.
Delegating and releasing responsibility is what you will have to do.
But what if you are not sure that your employees can implement it exactly
as you envisage it? Often there what’s called the bottleneck. How your
employees will implement it is not up to you. If you have clearly formulated
the result, the goal and the good criteria, the experts, your employees, will
get to work.